CN105510839B - Battery insulation measuring circuit of electric automobile - Google Patents
Battery insulation measuring circuit of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN105510839B CN105510839B CN201510965868.XA CN201510965868A CN105510839B CN 105510839 B CN105510839 B CN 105510839B CN 201510965868 A CN201510965868 A CN 201510965868A CN 105510839 B CN105510839 B CN 105510839B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle battery insulation measuring circuit. The circuit includes: the device comprises a positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1), a constant current source circuit (2), a singlechip voltage measurement and control circuit (3) and a CAN communication module (4). The positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) is connected with the constant current source circuit (2), the constant current source circuit (2) is connected with the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3), the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3) is connected with the CAN communication module (4), and the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) is controlled by the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3). The invention can more accurately measure the leakage current value of the battery of the electric automobile by utilizing the high-voltage and constant-current source circuit of the battery of the electric automobile, and simplifies the design of the insulation leakage current measuring circuit of the battery of the electric automobile. The invention has low cost and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an insulation leakage current measuring circuit between a shell and an internal direct current medium-voltage and high-voltage system of an electric automobile, a hybrid electric vehicle, a railway electric locomotive, power electronic equipment and the like.
Background
Medium and high voltage power supply systems are generally available in systems such as electric automobiles, hybrid vehicles, railway electric locomotives, power electronic equipment and the like, and provide electric energy for high-power components of the vehicles. The medium and high voltage power supply system mainly comprises power batteries, a power supply converter, a motor and other electrical equipment. The voltage of the power battery is usually above 48V, and some even up to above 450V. Higher operating voltages place higher demands on the insulation properties between the vehicle chassis and the medium and high voltage power supply systems. The moisture of the air, the aging of the insulating medium and other factors can cause the insulation performance between the medium and high voltage power supply system and the vehicle chassis to be reduced. The reduction of the insulating property enables the positive and negative leads of the power supply to form a leakage current loop between the insulating layer and the chassis, which not only can affect the normal operation of a vehicle electrical system, but also can endanger the safety of passengers, and can seriously cause the consequences of vehicle electrical fire and the like. Therefore, the method can detect the insulation leakage current of the medium and high voltage electrical systems and the vehicle chassis in real time and quantitatively, find insulation faults and has important significance for ensuring the normal work of the vehicle electrical systems, the vehicle safety and the passenger safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects that in the prior art, the precision of measuring the insulation leakage current of a direct-current high-voltage system through a megger is not high, potential safety hazards exist in manual operation, other circuits are complex and the like are overcome. The constant current source circuit generates leakage current of 0 milliampere to 10 milliampere, and insulation leakage current of medium and high voltage electrical systems and a vehicle chassis is quantitatively detected and insulation faults are found in real time through measurement and control of the single chip microcomputer. But also CAN be fused with a CAN bus system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the invention relates to an electric vehicle battery insulation measuring circuit, which comprises: the device comprises a positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1), a constant current source circuit (2), a singlechip voltage measurement and control circuit (3) and a CAN communication module (4). The positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) is connected with the constant current source circuit (2), the constant current source circuit (2) is connected with the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3), the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3) is connected with the CAN communication module (4), and the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) is controlled by the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3).
The invention is periodically switched and detected by a positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1): the leakage between the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the battery of the electric automobile and the chassis of the automobile; the high voltage of the battery of the electric automobile is utilized to generate the leakage current of the battery of the electric automobile from 0 milliampere to 10 milliampere by the constant current source circuit (2), the leakage current is changed into a voltage signal by a first resistor (R20) in the constant current source circuit (2), and the leakage current value of the battery of the electric automobile is accurately measured by the voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3) of the single chip microcomputer; the CAN communication module (4) is fused with a CAN bus system, and the leakage current value between the battery of the electric automobile and the vehicle chassis is sent to an instrument console, so that the design of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile is simplified.
Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3) adopts a N79E8132A single-chip microcomputer for detection and control.
Preferably, the transceiver of the CAN communication module (4) adopts a TJA1050 chip.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the defects of low precision and potential safety hazard of manually measuring the insulation leakage current of the direct-current high-voltage system by using a megohmmeter are overcome; the design of an electric vehicle battery insulation measuring circuit is simplified; the method is adaptive to the measurement of the insulation leakage current of various direct-current high-voltage systems.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of the constant current source circuit (2) of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of the voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3) of the single chip microcomputer.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an electric vehicle battery insulation measuring circuit, which comprises the following components in a drawing 1: the device comprises a positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1), a constant current source circuit (2), a singlechip voltage measurement and control circuit (3) and a CAN communication module (4). The positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) is connected with the constant current source circuit (2), the constant current source circuit (2) is connected with the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3), the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3) is connected with the CAN communication module (4), and the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) is controlled by the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3).
The positive and negative pole insulation measurement switching circuit (1) in fig. 2 consists of two relays (J1, J2). The normally closed contact of the relay (J1) is connected with the positive electrode of the battery of the electric automobile; the normally open contact of the relay (J1) is connected with the normally closed contact of the relay (J2) and an electric automobile chassis; the normally open contact of the relay (J2) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery of the electric automobile; the movable contact of the relay (J1) is connected with the anode of a diode D20 in the constant current source circuit (2); the movable contact of the relay (J2) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile; one ends of coils of the two relays (J1 and J2) are connected with +15V of a power supply, the other ends of the coils are respectively connected with the collectors of BG20 and BG21 in the single-chip microcomputer voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3), and the contact switching of the two relays (J1 and J2) is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3).
The constant current source circuit (2) shown in fig. 3 is composed of a diode D20, a field effect transistor Q20, an operational amplifier IC20, and first to fourth resistors (R20, R21, R22, R23). The anode of the diode D20 is connected with the movable contact of a relay (J1) of the positive and negative insulation measurement switching circuit (1), and the cathode is connected with the drain of a field effect transistor Q20; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q20 is connected with the first resistor (R20), the negative input end of the operational amplifier IC20 and the singlechip voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3), the drain electrode is connected with the cathode of the diode D20, and the grid electrode is connected with the fourth resistor (R23) and the output end of the operational amplifier IC 20; the positive input end of the operational amplifier IC20 is connected with one end of a second resistor (R21) and one end of a third resistor (R22), the negative input end of the operational amplifier IC20 is connected with one end of a first resistor (R20), the source electrode of the field-effect tube Q20 and the single-chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3), and the output end of the operational amplifier IC20 is connected with the grid electrode of the field-effect tube Q20 and one end of a fourth resistor (R23); one end of the first resistor (R20) is connected with the source electrode of the field-effect transistor Q20, the negative input end of the operational amplifier IC20 and the voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3) of the single chip microcomputer, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile; one end of the second resistor (R21) is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier IC20 and one end of the third resistor (R22), and the other end of the second resistor (R21) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile; one end of a third resistor (R22) is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier IC20 and one end of a second resistor (R21), and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile by 15V; one end of a fourth resistor (R23) is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier IC20 and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q20, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile by 15 volts.
The voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3) of the single chip microcomputer shown in fig. 4 is composed of a single chip microcomputer N79E8132A, a triode BG20, a triode BG21, a fifth resistor (R24) and a sixth resistor (R25). The collectors of the triodes BG20 and BG21 are respectively connected with one ends of coils of two relays (J1 and J2) of the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1), emitters of the triodes BG20 and BG21 are connected with the negative electrode of the insulation measurement circuit of the electric automobile battery, bases of the triodes BG20 and BG21 are connected with the output of the singlechip N79E8132A, the singlechip N79E8132A controls the two relays (J1 and J2) of the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) through the triodes BG20 and BG21, and the leakage condition between the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the electric automobile battery and a vehicle chassis is periodically measured.
With reference to fig. 2-4: when two relays (J1, J2) of the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) are in a release state, the current of the positive electrode of the battery of the electric automobile flows into a chassis of the electric automobile through the relay (J1), the diode D20, the Q20, the R20 and the relay (J2), if the chassis of the electric automobile and the negative electrode of the battery of the electric automobile leak electricity, a current loop is generated, the current is limited by the field effect tube Q20, so that the current does not exceed 10 milliamperes of the national standard, the current value is converted into a voltage value by the R20, the voltage value is read by the singlechip N79E8132A, and the leakage current value between the negative electrode of the battery of the electric automobile and the chassis of the electric automobile is sent to an instrument console through the fusion of the CAN communication module (4) and. When two relays (J1, J2) of the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) are in a suction state, the leakage current value between the positive electrode of the battery of the electric automobile and the chassis of the automobile can be sent to an instrument console. The staff can see the electric leakage condition between electric automobile battery and the vehicle chassis in real time in the driver's cabin, in time discovers vehicle electrical system potential safety hazard, guarantees passenger's safety of taking a bus.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile battery insulation measurement circuit which characterized in that: the device comprises a positive electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1), a negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1), a constant current source circuit (2), a single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3) and a CAN communication module (4), wherein the positive electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) and the negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (2) are connected with the constant current source circuit (2), the constant current source circuit (2) is connected with the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3), the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3) is connected with the CAN communication module (4), and the positive electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) and the negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) are controlled by the single chip microcomputer voltage measurement and control circuit (3);
the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) consists of a relay J1 and a relay J2, and a normally closed contact of the relay J1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery of the electric automobile; the normally open contact of the relay J1 is connected with the normally closed contact of the relay J2 and a chassis of an electric automobile; the normally open contact of the relay J2 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery of the electric automobile; the movable contact of the relay J1 is connected with the anode of a diode (D20) in the constant current source circuit (2); the movable contact of the relay J2 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile; one ends of coils of the relay J1 and the relay J2 are connected with +15V of a power supply, the other ends of the coils are respectively connected with a triode BG20 and a collector of a triode BG21 in the singlechip voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3), and the contact switching of the relay J1 and the relay J2 is controlled by the singlechip voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3);
the constant current source circuit (2) consists of a diode (D20), a field effect transistor (Q20), an operational amplifier (IC20) and first to fourth resistors (R20, R21, R22 and R23), wherein the anode of the diode (D20) is connected with a movable contact of a relay J1 of the positive and negative insulation measurement switching circuit (1), and the cathode of the diode is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor (Q20); the source electrode of the field effect transistor (Q20) is connected with the first resistor (R20), the negative input end of the operational amplifier (IC20) and the single chip microcomputer voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3), the drain electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with the cathode of the diode (D20), and the grid electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with the fourth resistor (R23) and the output end of the operational amplifier (IC 20); the positive input end of the operational amplifier (IC20) is connected with one end of a second resistor (R21) and one end of a third resistor (R22), the negative input end of the operational amplifier (IC20) is connected with one end of a first resistor (R20), the source electrode of the field-effect tube (Q20) and the single-chip microcomputer voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3), and the output end of the operational amplifier (IC20) is connected with the grid electrode of the field-effect tube (Q20) and one end of a fourth resistor (R23); one end of the first resistor (R20) is connected with a source electrode of the field effect transistor (Q20), a negative input end of the operational amplifier (IC20) and the voltage measurement and control circuit (3) of the single chip microcomputer, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with a negative electrode of the battery insulation measurement circuit of the electric automobile; one end of the second resistor (R21) is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier (IC20) and one end of the third resistor (R22), and the other end of the second resistor (R21) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile; one end of a third resistor (R22) is connected with the positive input end of an operational amplifier (IC20) and one end of a second resistor (R21), and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile by 15V; one end of a fourth resistor (R23) is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier (IC20) and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor (Q20), and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the anode of the battery insulation measuring circuit of the electric automobile by 15V;
the single-chip microcomputer voltage measuring and controlling circuit (3) consists of a single-chip microcomputer N79E8132A, a triode BG20, a triode BG21, a fifth resistor (R24) and a sixth circuit (R25); the collector electrodes of a triode BG20 and a triode BG21 are respectively connected with one end of a relay J1 and one end of a relay J2 coil of a positive and negative insulation measurement switching circuit (1), the emitter electrodes of the triode BG20 and the triode BG21 are connected with the negative electrode of an electric vehicle battery insulation measurement circuit, the base electrodes of the triode BG20 and the triode BG21 are connected with the output of a singlechip N79E8132A, the singlechip N79E8132A controls the relay J1 and the relay J2 of the positive and negative insulation measurement switching circuit (1) through the triode BG20 and the triode BG21, and the leakage condition between the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the electric vehicle battery and a vehicle chassis is periodically measured;
when two relays J1 and J2 of the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) are in a release state, the current of the positive electrode of the battery of the electric automobile flows into the chassis of the electric automobile through a relay J1, a diode (D20), a field effect tube (Q20), a first resistor (R20) and a relay J2, if the chassis of the electric automobile and the negative electrode of the battery of the electric automobile leak electricity, a current loop is generated, the current is limited by the field effect tube (Q20) and does not exceed the national standard of 10 milliamperes, the current value is converted into a voltage value by the first resistor (R20), the voltage value is read by a single chip microcomputer N79E8132A, and the current value is fused with a CAN bus system through a CAN communication module (4) to send the leakage current value between the negative electrode of the battery of the electric automobile and the chassis of the automobile to; when two relays J1 and J2 of the positive and negative electrode insulation measurement switching circuit (1) are in a pull-in state, the current value of a drain electrode between the positive electrode of the battery of the electric automobile and the chassis of the automobile can be sent to an instrument console.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510965868.XA CN105510839B (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | Battery insulation measuring circuit of electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510965868.XA CN105510839B (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | Battery insulation measuring circuit of electric automobile |
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| CN105510839A CN105510839A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105510839B true CN105510839B (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106383314A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-08 | 科力远混合动力技术有限公司 | Automobile power battery pack insulation detection circuit and detection judgment method |
| CN106771542B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-08-13 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | A kind of battery voltage acquisition calibration circuit |
| CN109633462B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-04-20 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Battery voltage state detection method and detection system in battery management system and battery management system |
| CN111474449B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-10-21 | 福建时代星云科技有限公司 | Insulation detection method and system of optical storage and charge detection system |
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