CN105443094B

CN105443094B - A kind of multichannel reservoir model of heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed and application

Info

Publication number: CN105443094B
Application number: CN201410374451.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵梦云; 赵崇镇; 苏建政; 马玉生; 张锁兵; 张大年; 郑承纲; 黄志文; 柴国兴; 吴川; 刘松
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute
Priority date: 2014-07-31
Filing date: 2014-07-31
Publication date: 2018-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2034-07-31
Also published as: CN105443094A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of multichannel reservoir model of heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed, the model uses reservoir sand, crude oil and the stratum water of well output to be onstructed, or simulated formation sand, Simulation of Crude Oil and simulated formation water to be fabricated to the filling channel group for covering high, medium and low three permeability ranges, being completely filled with various degree by profit；The model can be used for accurately simulating the simulated tests such as the live injection of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction well progress blocking agent, solidification and plugging effect, thus thick oil thermal extraction envelope is carried out to alter the test of water blockoff Simulation evaluation, adjust to optimize blocking agent performance and measure heavy oil wells envelope and alter water blockoff site operation control data, to instruct envelope to alter the establishment of plug water construction design, success rate and effect of increasing production that envelope alters plug water construction are improved.The physical model of the present invention and its corresponding test method are applied to instruct thick oil thermal extraction selectively envelope to alter water blockoff site operation and will produce huge economic and social profit, application prospect is very wide.

Description

A kind of multichannel reservoir model of heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed and application

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of petroleum extraction, it is related to a kind of multichannel reservoir physics mould of heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed Type and its analogue experiment method and application, in particular to it is a kind of water-plugging technique altered by envelope carry out heavy crude heat extraction wait to apply The multichannel reservoir model and its analogue experiment method of work well and application.

Background technology

Currently, the structure of world oil supply is constantly changing.Heavy oil production proportion in domestic crude output Rise year by year.For viscous crude because viscosity is big, exploitation is difficult, all uses Simulation on whole pay zones mode substantially, compared with ordinary crude oils are developed, tool There are the problems such as high energy consumption, injection steamchanneling, oil well High water cut.With going deep into for Development of Viscous Crude Oil, sinopec Shengli Oil Field, The viscous crude such as Henan Oil Field main force producing region has been enter into the tail period stage, in the prevalence of serious steam fingering, onlap and well Between channeling the problems such as.Simultaneously as channeling has linked up oil well and edge-bottom water layer, thick oil thermal extraction is often producing several cycles Afterwards, production fluid is aqueous rises to more than 80%.Therefore, the channeling in heavy crude heat extraction exploitation, water breakthrough problem make well yield big Width declines, the increase of production fluid intractability, largely reduces the recovery ratio and economic benefit of heavy crude heat extraction exploitation.

The oil production method that heavy crude heat extraction development scheme is foundation viscous crude viscosity-temperature characteristic and is grown up.Generally, viscous crude is glutinous There is non-linear relation in degree, i.e. the viscosity of viscous crude will be greatly lowered in temperature rise with temperature.Simulation on whole pay zones mode is exactly to oil A large amount of high temperature and high pressure steams are injected in Tibetan, using the characteristics of steam heat capacity ratio is high, heat energy carrying capacity is strong, by the temperature of part reservoir Degree is heated to the scope that Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil can be enable to be reduced to the conventional mechanical artificial lifting way normal work such as oil pumper, screw pump.Mesh Heavy oil block in the range of former world, more than 90% all uses Simulation on whole pay zones.

Heavy crude heat extraction development scheme can be divided into two major classes, i.e. steam drive and steam soak.It is by oil well that steam, which drives mode, Steam injection well and producing well are divided into, steam injection well injects high temperature and high pressure steam incessantly, and producing well recovers the oil incessantly.Steam gulps down The mode of telling is that high temperature and high pressure steam is first injected into heavy oil wells, after injecting certain amount, several days of closing well, then the tripping in machinery into well Pump is recovered the oil.

In steam-drive process, due to by unfavorable factors such as thick oil reservoir is heterogeneous, the high mobility ratios of steam and viscous crude Influence, steam overlap and steam fingering often occur in oil reservoir, and then cause channeling phenomenon occurs between well and well.Channeling makes It is uneven to obtain the vertical upper gas entry profile of oil reservoir, the uneven propulsion of steam in plane, the swept volume of steam is diminished, it is thick so as to reduce Oily thermal recovery recovery ratio and increase energy consumption.To block channeling, generally the agent of high temperature resistant chemical plugging is injected in reservoir at present, it is such as various Inorganic sealing agent, organic sealing agent, foam plugging agent etc., solidify by sealing agent, precipitate or the effects such as foam is viscous are come pair Channeling is blocked.

Another problem of puzzlement heavy crude heat extraction exploitation is exactly the water breakthrough problem of stratum water.Because Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil is very high, lead to In the case of often, the viscous crude in heavy crude reservoir is in relative static conditions.After high temperature and high pressure steam is injected to reservoir, Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil Decline and start to flow.Due to channeling, situations such as fingering, channelling occur in heavy crude reservoir for steam, when steamchanneling enters side After bottom aquifer, stratum water will enter producing well, reduce well temperature, increase Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil, flow difficulties.Therefore, viscous crude Thermal production well after being immersed by stratum water, often occur yield decline to a great extent, Produced Liquid aqueous rapid situations such as rising, it is not long Oil well will be stopped production due to High water cut or water logging in time.

Channeling, edge-bottom water for thick oil thermal extraction, which are altered, to be carried out envelope and alters water blockoff, is to improve the harvesting of viscous crude resource Simulation on whole pay zones The effective means of rate and development benefit, and the vital task of viscous crude field exploitation at present.Cost-effectively envelope alters water blockoff, steady While determining heavy crude heat extraction yield, the thermal efficiency, reduction ton oil energy consumption and reduction production that steam soak and steam drive can be improved Go out the water process expense of liquid, keep stable yields and economic development to have important practical significance heavy crude reservoir.

Water blockoff field is altered in thick oil thermal extraction envelope, prior art is come to steam, stratum water using high temperature resistant chemical plugging agent Fluid-channeling channel blocked.Such as pay it is quick it is outstanding (development of heat resist modification phenolic resin composite plugging agent system and performance evaluation, Speciality Petrochemicals is in progress, Vol.14,2013 (3)：The partial cross-linked induration of chemical gel 8-10) is used into phenolic resin bag Wrap up in, a kind of high temperature resistant, the organo-mineral complexing particle blocking agent of high intensity is made, for heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water blockoff.Longhua etc. (development and application of GH- high temp profile control agents, special reservoirs, Vol.9,2002 (5)：88-90) develop PF resins and inorganic The compound high temperature resistant blocking agent of thing, for gelling temperature between 50-120 DEG C, gelation time is adjustable in 8-72h, and the system is in steam injection Under washing away, sealing ratiod still reaches more than 90%, there is good resistance to elevated temperatures and sealing characteristics.Zhao, which repaiies, waits very much (heavy crude heat extraction tune Stifled architectural study Overview of Progress, special reservoirs, Vol.20,2013 (4)：1-5) combine Chinese HEAVY OIL RESERVOIR feature and note Steam production practice condition, describe the mechanism of action of conventional heavy crude heat extraction plugging agent, progress and using present situation, review 5 kinds of polymer gel, solid phase particles blocking agent, foam, w/o type emulsion and salt precipitating heavy crude heat extractions adjust stifled system, it is indicated that viscous crude The development trend of the profile control and water plugging of thermal recovery is synthesis low cost, the chemical agent of high temperature tolerance, develop it is compound adjust stifled system and Study new Low Damage environment-friendly type plugging technology.

Chinese patent CN1594827A discloses a kind of heavy oil wells closure water layer, heavy oil wells of suggestions for improvement of being used for and blocked up Water conservancy project process, the selective shut-off of large radius is carried out to oil reservoir using degradable organic blocking agent, then utilizes high temperature resistant inorganic Blocking agent is sealed, and different blocking agents are injected using different pressures, and selective blocking is realized by the degraded of Stress control and organic matter Water.

Chinese patent CN101824979B discloses a kind of emulsion process profile control and water shutoff method of thickened oil steam-stimulated well, using anti- High temperature water-in-oil emulsifier injects before steam injection or injects steam-stimulated well with steam in advance, thick using remnants in water layer There is the emulsion of oil high viscosity characteristic water layer is blocked.

Water blockoff field is altered in thick oil thermal extraction envelope, prior art focuses mainly on developing high temperature resistant blocking agent.Water blockoff is altered in envelope Research is less in terms of construction method, and relevant report is also less.Because the development scheme of thick oil thermal extraction is special, its envelope is altered water blockoff and applied Work method should be different from the shutoff method of conventional oil field.Water blockoff field is altered to detail design technology for current thick oil thermal extraction envelope Demand and prior art limitation, research establish the special envelope of thick oil thermal extraction and alter shutoff method, alter water blockoff for improving envelope and apply Work success rate, construction cost is reduced, lift the yield after oil well plugging and the stable yields cycle is all particularly significant.

The content of the invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of heavy crude heat extraction is to be onstructed The multichannel reservoir model of well, the model use reservoir sand, crude oil and the stratum water of well output to be onstructed, or simulated formation Sand, Simulation of Crude Oil and simulated formation water are fabricated to high, medium and low three permeability ranges of covering, filled completely by profit in various degree Full filling channel group, the model can be used for accurately simulating live heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction well progress blocking agent The simulated tests such as injection, solidification and plugging effect.

Present invention also offers a kind of analogue experiment method that blocking agent injection is carried out to above-mentioned reservoir model, this method The test of water blockoff Simulation evaluation, regulation optimization blocking agent performance and survey are altered to carry out thick oil thermal extraction envelope using above-mentioned reservoir model Heavy oil wells envelope is taken to alter water blockoff site operation control data, to instruct envelope to alter the establishment of plug water construction design.

Present invention also offers a kind of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water-blocking construction method, this method utilizes above-mentioned analogue experiment method The experimental process parameters obtained can be used to ask for detail design technological parameter and related blocking agent performance parameter, these parameters In the establishment for instructing thick oil thermal extraction closure channeling and water breakthrough detail design, improve to seal the success rate for altering plug water construction and increase production and imitate Fruit.

Invention further provides above-mentioned heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water-blocking construction method heavy crude heat extraction selectively envelope alter it is stifled Application in water site operation.

Therefore, first aspect present invention provides a kind of multichannel reservoir model of heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed, its Including three filling channel being arranged in parallel groups, the filling channel is made up of the filler loaded in passage and passage, Each filling channel group includes at least two filling channel, and the filler includes reservoir sand, crude oil and stratum water or simulated formation Sand, Simulation of Crude Oil and simulated formation water；

Three filling channel groups are respectively：High permeability filling channel group, middle permeability filling channel group and low-permeability Filling channel group, wherein,

High permeability filling channel group：Water surveys the 100%-200% that permeability is well reservoir maximum permeability to be onstructed, and Permeability is pressed into 10%-40% amplification terraced distributions by filling channel quantity, fluid 100% therein is stratum water or simulation ground Layer water.

Middle permeability filling channel group：Water surveys permeability and is the 50%-99% of well reservoir maximum permeability to be onstructed, and presses Permeability is pressed 10%-40% amplification terraced distributions by filling channel quantity, and 40%-60% is stratum water or mould in fluid therein Intend stratum water, 40%-60% is crude oil or Simulation of Crude Oil.

Low-permeability filling channel group：Water surveys the 70%-110% that permeability is well reservoir minimum permeability to be onstructed, and Permeability is pressed into 10%-40% amplification terraced distributions by filling channel quantity, fluid 100% therein is that crude oil or simulation are former Oil.

In some embodiments of the invention, the water of high permeability filling channel group and middle permeability filling channel group is surveyed and oozed The span of saturating rate is injected periodicity according to the steam of well to be onstructed and chosen, wherein,

The water of high permeability filling channel group surveys permeability：

When it is 1-2 rounds to inject the cycle, 100%-130% is chosen；

When it is 3-5 rounds to inject the cycle, 131%-150% is chosen；

When injecting cycle >=6 round, 151%-200% is chosen.

The water of middle permeability filling channel group surveys permeability：

When it is 1-6 rounds to inject the cycle, 50%-80% is chosen；

When injecting cycle >=7 round, 81%-99% is chosen.

In other embodiments of the present invention, after filling channel tests permeability, according to the extraction journey of well to be onstructed Degree is chosen different fluid centering permeability filling channel group and filled, so that in each passage of middle permeability filling channel group Interstitial space is completely filled with, wherein,

When recovery percent of reserves is more than 15%, 50%-70% is stratum water or simulated formation water in fluid therein；

When recovery percent of reserves is less than 15%, 50%-70% is crude oil or Simulation of Crude Oil in fluid therein.

When heavy oil wells recovery percent of reserves to be onstructed is high, oil content declines in reservoir, therefore the physical model of the present invention Oil content in hole also changes.

In the present invention, the reservoir model is using reservoir sand, crude oil and the stratum water of construction well output, or simulation It is high, medium and low three permeability ranges of covering made of reservoir sand, Simulation of Crude Oil and simulated formation water, complete by profit in various degree The filling channel group being full of entirely.

In some embodiments of the invention, the radial section of the passage is polygon, circle or ellipse.Form institute Stating the material of passage exterior contour includes metal, high polymer material or hydraulicity inorganic coagulation material.

In the present invention, the metal includes but is not limited to ordinary carbon steel, 304 stainless steels, various steel alloys, cast iron, copper, aluminium Deng；The high polymer material includes but is not limited to polyolefin, polyurethane and polyamide etc., wherein polyolefin, such as can be high Molecular weight polyethylene；The hydraulic inorganic coagulation material includes but is not limited to portland cement, aluminate cement, aluminium sulfate water Mud and ferrous aluminate cement etc..

Heretofore described term " inorganic coagulation material " is also known as " mineral binder materials " and refers to that itself passes through a series of things Reason, chemical action, or can be become together with after the mixing of other materials (such as water) by a series of physical, chemical action by oar body Into hard solid, and can by loose material (such as sand, stone etc.) or block, flaky material (such as brick, stone etc.) it is cementing it is integral Material.Air hardening cementitious materials can only harden in atmosphere, and can only in atmosphere keep or develop its intensity, as gypsum, Lime etc..And hydraulic cementing materials in atmosphere, and can not only then be hardened preferably in water, keep and to develop its strong Degree, such as portland cement.

In some embodiments of the invention, the section of the passage is circle, and the length of the passage is 200.0- 1000.0mm internal diameter 20.0-200.0mm.The tubing for forming the passage exterior contour is straight tube.

According to the reservoir model of the heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water blockoff well to be onstructed of the present invention, it is respectively provided with high, medium and low The filling channel group of three permeability grades, multiple filling channels are included in each of which filling channel group, it is each by reasonable disposition The permeability of each filling channel and profit filling proportion and degree in filling channel group, can simulation Simulation on whole pay zones one very well HEAVY OIL RESERVOIR after fixed wheel time, improve the degree of accuracy of result of the test.Therefore, the reservoir model is mainly used to research storage Layer heterogeneity of petrophysical property difference is big, the heavy crude reservoir of core sample permeability grade Kmn >=1.5.

Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of reservoir model described to the first aspect of the present invention and carries out blocking agent note The analogue experiment method entered, it includes：

Step A, blocking agent is injected in three filling channel groups；

Step B, judge to inject the middle part of permeability filling channel group during whether blocking agent leading edge reaches, and in blocking agent leading edge In not reaching during the middle part of permeability filling channel group, adjustment blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity and blocking agent experiment injection rate so that When the blocking agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into is equal to blocking agent empirical theory injection rate, permeability filling channel during injection blocking agent leading edge reaches The middle part of group；

Step C, records experimental process parameters, and the experimental process parameters include blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity, blocking agent experiment Injection rate, the initial injection pressure of blocking agent experiment, blocking agent experiment flowing pressure gradient, blocking agent experiment closure pressure and experiment viscous crude Mutually start pressure；

In stepb, keep the blocking agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into constant；

The blocking agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into is the pore volume of all passages in high permeability filling channel group with being oozed in 50% The pore volume sum of all passages in saturating rate filling channel group；

The blocking agent empirical theory injection rate is that the aqueous phase volume of all passages is oozed with high permeability filling channel group 45%-55% sums of the oil phase of all passages and/or aqueous phase volume in saturating rate filling channel group (or the stream gone out by displacement The summation of body volume).

According to the present invention, in stepb, the liquid outlet quantity of all channel outlets is suitable in central permeability filling channel group In middle permeability filling channel group during the 45%-55% of the pore volume of all passages, then it is judged as having injected blocking agent leading edge The middle part of permeability filling channel group in arrival.

Refer to the leading edge edge for injecting blocking agent during the leading edge of blocking agent of the present invention reaches in the middle part of permeability filling channel group During injection direction reaches in permeability filling channel group in the range of the ± 10cm in each passage physical midpoint section, preferably before blocking agent During edge reaches along injection direction in permeability filling channel group in the range of the ± 6cm in each passage physical midpoint section.It is more highly preferred to , during the leading edge of blocking agent reaches along injection direction in permeability filling channel group each passage physical midpoint section ± 2cm scopes It is interior.It is even more preferable, during the leading edge of blocking agent reaches along injection direction in permeability filling channel group in the physics of each passage Point section.

In one embodiment of the invention, in stepb, blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity and blocking agent experiment injection speed are adjusted Degree, make blocking agent experiment injection pressure reach blocking agent experiment closure pressure value when, at least 50v%-80v% blocking agent is injected into height Among permeability filling channel group.

In some embodiments of the invention, blocking agent simulated injection experiment is being carried out using the reservoir model of the present invention During, regulation is optimized to the rheological property of blocking agent first, its adjusting method is：According to the flowing of blocking agent in simulated test State, the rheological property (mainly adjusting blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity) of blocking agent is adjusted, is reaching blocking agent experiment injection pressure During blocking agent experiment closure pressure value, have to account for total injection rate 50% and all enter high permeability with the injection blocking agent of upper volume and filled out Fill among passage group, it is more excellent that high permeability filling channel group is all entered with the injection blocking agent of upper volume to account for total injection rate 70% Among.Record now blocking agent experiment charge velocity, blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity and blocking agent experiment injection pressure, this k value are exactly The detail design apparent viscosity value reached is needed when blocking agent is prepared in site operation；This blocking agent tests the charge velocity (unit interval The blocking agent total volume fraction of interior injection) after conversion be site operation in blocking agent detail design injection rate；This blocking agent Experiment injection pressure is the detail design injection upper limit of pressure value of blocking agent in site operation.

In other embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to read in the simulated test of blocking agent injection reservoir model Data below is recorded as experimental process parameters, for estimating construction technology in heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction scheme is designed Parameter.

Blocking agent tests injection rate：The maximum volume of injection filling channel group in parallel in the blocking agent unit interval.

Initial experiment injects pressure：Blocking agent injects most low injection pressure during high permeability filling channel group.

Blocking agent tests flowing pressure gradient：Blocking agent it is lasting injection high permeability filling channel group during, pressure Rising gradient.

Blocking agent experiment closure pressure：Maximum injection pressure during blocking agent reaches during permeability filling channel group middle part.

Experiment viscous crude mutually starts pressure：In simulated test, blocking agent enters maximum note during low-permeability filling channel group Enter pressure.

Third aspect of the present invention provides a kind of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water-blocking construction method, its detail design technological parameter The experimental process parameters that analogue experiment method according to above-mentioned second aspect is obtained, which calculate, to be obtained, wherein,

Blocking agent detail design apparent viscosity is equal to blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity；

Detail design maximum pressure is equal to experiment viscous crude and mutually starts pressure；

Blocking agent detail design injection rate is calculated according to formula (I)：

Blocking agent detail design injection rate=η × blocking agent experiment injection rate (I)

In formula (I),

The unit of blocking agent detail design injection rate is L/min；

The unit of blocking agent experiment injection rate is ml/min；

η is the conversion coefficient between blocking agent experiment injection rate and blocking agent detail design injection rate, according to formula (II) Calculated：

η span is 1.0 × 10⁵-15.0×10⁵；

The blocking agent detail design normal temperature cure time is 1-10 times of blocking agent detail design injection length, and the blocking agent construction is set Meter injection length is calculated according to formula (III)：

According to the present invention, the blocking agent detail design injection rate is equal to high seepage channel volume, the high seepage channel body Product is calculated according to formula (IV)：

In formula (IV)：

Vx：High seepage channel volume, m³；

M_oil：Oil well cumulative oil production, m³；

L：Straight well is core intersection, and horizontal well is oil reservoir horizontal section length, m；

π：3.14；

r_heat：Only rely on heat exchange pattern, inject the covering radius of steam fuel factor, m；

r_heatThe average pore of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

S_o：r_heatThe average oil saturation of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

K_channel：High seepage channel coefficient, its span are 0.01%-30%.

In Specific construction design, high seepage channel coefficient should carry out value according to the production status of oil well.

In some embodiments of the invention, the span of the high seepage channel coefficient further comprises：

When the injection cycle of new brought in well is 1-2,0.01%-1.99%；

When the injection cycle of new brought in well is 3-5,2.0%-4.99%；

The round of injection cycle of new brought in well >=6,5%-10%；

For due to long-term shutdowns well caused by High water cut, 10.01%-30%.

The fuel factor of heretofore described injection steam includes three kinds of convection current, radiation and heat transfer, and wherein convection current is direct Heating, operating distance is short, rapid-action；Due to being restricted by subsurface reservoir lithosome, operating distance is short for radiation and heat transfer, works Slowly.

Heretofore described term " high seepage channel volume " refers to that thick oil thermal extraction after certain production time, is formed Injection steam or stratum water between well or oil well-edge-bottom water interflow fluid-channeling channel volume..

Heretofore described term " fluid-channeling channel " refers to due to the original anisotropism of oil reservoir or injection steam flush and in oil Formed in Tibetan from a bite oil well or steam injection well to another mouthful of oil well or the high seepage channel of edge-bottom water layer, form high seepage channel Afterwards, thermal recovery injection steam will enter other producing wells along the passage, cause producing well that channeling occurs；Form high permeability path Afterwards, stratum water will enter producing well along the passage, cause producing well that water breakthrough and High water cut or water logging occurs.Near thick oil thermal extraction The formation of steam or stratum water breakthrough circulation road is steamed by reservoir heterogeneity, fluid simulator, completion mode, injection in reservoir The combined factors such as vapour physics chemical action, gravity influence, producing pressure differential are acted on and formed.Specifically, thick oil thermal extraction channelling Passage is with thermal recovery production process, is gradually formed in reservoir, and it is included from channeling well to adjacent oil well or edge-bottom water layer High seepage channel.

As can be seen that in the present invention by calculating high seepage channel volume to know construction when blocking agent total injection rate it is actual On be that the fluid-channeling channel situation that blocks is needed according to oil well, estimate the volume that need to be blocked.

According to third aspect of the present invention provide in heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water-blocking construction method formula (IV) can count Calculation obtains the blocking agent detail design injection rate in the plugging construction of well scene to be onstructed.The mould provided according to a second aspect of the present invention The simulated experiment that draft experiment method reservoir model described to the first aspect of the present invention carries out blocking agent injection can be treated The blocking agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into of the blocking agent injection simulated experiment of construction well, and the blocking agent injection simulated experiment of well to be onstructed The blocking agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into is that permeability is filled in the pore volume and 50% of all passages in high permeability filling channel group The pore volume sum of all passages in passage group.The blocking agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into of the blocking agent injection simulated experiment of well to be onstructed There is certain incidence relation between the blocking agent detail design injection rate in the plugging construction of well scene to be onstructed, pass through formula (II) its conversion coefficient can be calculated, ratio is thus set up between the simulation laboratory test and site operation of the present invention and is closed System, so as to reach using simulation laboratory test result to instruct the effect of site operation, change current thick oil thermal extraction envelope alter it is stifled Water, which is constructed, relies solely on the present situation of micro-judgment.

In certain embodiments of the present invention, applied using the heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water blockoff described in third aspect of the present invention Work method can obtain parameters of construction technology, it is possible thereby to obtain efficiently closure thick oil thermal extraction steam or stratum water breakthrough circulation road The performance indications and construction parameter of required blocking agent, for example, apparent viscosity is 30-70mPa.s under reservoir temperature, tool high viscosity and There is strong thixotropy, injection upper pressure limit is 8MPa, and charge velocity is 1.5v%/hour etc..Can be further based on above-mentioned parameter The design that thick oil thermal extraction envelope alters plug water construction scheme is carried out, and by blocking agent rheological characteristic, injection speed in work progress Rate is controlled to instruct the progress of site operation with injection pressure, ensures that the envelope of thick oil thermal extraction alters plug water construction effect.

Water-blocking construction method is altered according to the thick oil thermal extraction envelope of the present invention, passes through blocking agent property regulation and injection technology control System, the fluid-channeling channel that can block blocking agent Selective implantation to needs, realizes selective shut-off, effectively controls thick oil thermal extraction Channeling, water breakthrough phenomenon, produced liquid in oil well moisture content is reduced, increase heavy oil production.

Heretofore described term " selective shut-off " refers to that selectivity envelope alters water blockoff, is to causing thermal production well channeling or water The high seepage channel altered targetedly is blocked, and control injection steamchanneling, reduces oil well production water.

According to the reservoir model of the heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed proposed in above three of the present invention aspect, to described Reservoir model carries out the analogue experiment method of blocking agent injection and heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water-blocking construction method both can be independent For instructing laboratory test and/or site operation, can be combined with each other to form a kind of comprehensive thick oil thermal extraction envelope and alter water blockoff again Construction method, this method can be after selected envelope alter water blockoff plan construction well, and the oil reservoir of selected oil well of analyzing and researching, exploitation provide Material, establish reservoir model and carry out envelope and alter water blockoff simulated test, test different blocking agent performances and construction technology indoors and closure is imitated The influence of fruit, success rate and the optimal scheme of effect of increasing production are filtered out with reference to site operation requirement, forms the choosing of high temperature resistant sealing agent Selecting property seals the detail design for altering water blockoff.This method successfully solves thick oil thermal extraction and seals three key issues altered during water blockoff：

First, oil well needs the fluid-channeling channel situation blocked, estimates the volume that need to be blocked and sealing agent dosage.

Second, realize the sealing agent performance requirement that effectively closure needs.

3rd, the selective shut-off to fluid-channeling channel how is realized in construction.

The 4th aspect of the present invention provides a kind of construction method according to third aspect of the present invention in viscous crude heat Adopt well and selectively seal the application altered in water blockoff site operation.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the heavy crude heat extraction for steam channeling or stratum water water breakthrough occurs Well, the construction that blocking agent envelope alters water blockoff is carried out, forms site operation scheme.The construction method comprises the following steps：

1) construction well reservoir model is established；

2) carry out simulating sealing agent injection testing, obtain detail design data；

3) the sealing agent volume of plugging construction injection is calculated；

4) Design of Performance of sealing agent is carried out；

5) plugging construction scene scheme is worked out；

6) plugging construction is carried out.

For this method through field application, achieving significantly reduces aqueous and effect of increasing production.

Term " blocking agent " used is also known as " sealing agent " in the present invention, refers to prepare and inject on ground in subterranean oil gas reservoir, The chemical agent or chemical agent composition that the high seepage channel of entry well fluid channelling can be blocked.Blocking agent basic recipe, example Such as can be：The filler of+10% crosslinking agent of 5% stabilizer+20%.

Heretofore described term " charge velocity " refers to blocking agent injection rate and injection blocking agent cumulative volume in the unit interval Than laboratory test and site operation can be united by conversion coefficient η.

Heretofore described term " stratum water " or " oil-reservoir water " refer to the Bian Shui and bottom water, layer of oil reservoir edge and bottom Between water and the general name with crude oil with the irreducible water of layer.The water remained in when irreducible water is reservoir formation in hole, it and oil gas Coexist but be not involved in flowing, but its distribution characteristics in oil reservoir microscopic void directly affects oil reservoir oil saturation.

Heretofore described term " simulated formation water " refers to according to contained zwitterion quantity and ratio in certain stratum water Example, prepared indoors using distilled water and various salts, composition and the stratum aqueous phase with or similar salinity water.

Heretofore described term " reservoir sand " refers to heavy oil wells in process of production, the storage produced with profit from underground (Chinese heavy crude reservoir is most of all to be existed and in loose sand, the main composition of reservoir rock is exactly loose cementation layer sand grains Sand grains).

Heretofore described term " simulated formation sand " refers to the particle size range and particle diameter distribution rule according to reservoir sand, chooses The quartz sand of the similar particle size range selected and particle diameter distribution rule.

Heretofore described term " Simulation of Crude Oil " refers to the dewatered oil for treating plugging construction heavy oil wells output, or adjacent The dewatered oil of well output.

Heretofore described term " water survey permeability " refers to the method for testing according to permeability, using distilled water as survey Examination medium carries out testing resulting permeability.

Heretofore described term " blocking agent leading edge " or " leading edge of blocking agent " refer on blocking agent injection direction that injection blocking agent pushes away Enter the front end of leading edge.

Heretofore described term " middle part of middle permeability filling channel group " refers to middle permeability filling channel group in axle Radial section (section) residing for upward physical midpoint.

Term " multichannel reservoir model " of the present invention refer to respectively by three groups containing multiple filling channels not It is formed in parallel with degree by the filling channel group that profit is full of, is covered each by the heavy crude heat extraction of high, medium and low three permeability ranges Reservoir model.

Because heavy oil production proportion rises year by year in domestic crude output, with going deep into for Development of Viscous Crude Oil, in The viscous crude main force such as state's petrochemical industry Shengli Oil Field, Henan Oil Field producing region has been enter into the tail period stage, and thick oil thermal extraction is often in life After producing several cycles, production fluid is aqueous to rise to more than 80%.The increase of production fluid intractability, is largely reduced thick The recovery ratio and economic benefit of oily Simulation on whole pay zones.Therefore, the reservoir thing of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction well of the invention is utilized Manage model, the analogue experiment method and heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction of blocking agent injection are carried out to described reservoir model Method carries out envelope and alters plug water construction, once entering practicality, will produce huge economic and social profit, application prospect is very wide It is wealthy.

Embodiment

To make the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, these embodiments are only Serve illustrative, it is not limited to application of the invention.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1：

Using the physical model of the present invention, the indoor mould before plugging construction is carried out to certain oil-field thick-oil thermal recovery producing well A1 wells Draft experiment and detail design, the reservoir maximum permeabilities of A1 wells to be onstructed is 500mD, minimum permeability is 100mD, has produced 6 Round, physical model and analogue experiment method using the present invention are illustrated by taking the detail design of this mouthful of well and implementation result as an example The method for carrying out detail design, detailed process are as follows：

(1) the multichannel reservoir model of heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed is established

The reservoir of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction well is established using the reservoir sand of A1 well outputs, crude oil and stratum water sample Multichannel physical model, the filling channel group of high, medium and low three permeability ranges is produced, and it is complete with crude oil, stratum water respectively It is full of entirely, the detailed data of three filling channel groups is as follows：

High permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel H1#, 1.0 meters of length, interior diameter 100mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 1000mD, hole Gap volume 183cm³, 100% stratum water.

Filling channel H2#, 1.0 meters of length, interior diameter 100mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 660mD, hole Volume 178cm³, 100% stratum water.

Middle permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel M1#：1.0 meters of length, interior diameter 100mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 400mD, hole Volume 146cm³, wherein fluid 60% is stratum water, 40% is crude oil.

Filling channel M2#：1.0 meters of length, interior diameter 100mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 260mD, hole Volume 132cm³, wherein fluid 60% is stratum water, 40% is crude oil.

Low-permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel L1#：1.0 meters of length, interior diameter 100mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 110mD, hole Volume 114cm³, 100% crude oil.

Filling channel L2#：1.0 meters of length, interior diameter 100mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 66mD, hole Volume 108cm³, 100% crude oil.

(2) sealing agent injection simulated test is carried out to the reservoir model of the heavy crude heat extraction established well to be onstructed, asked Take detail design data

The pore-body that blocking agent amount is all passages in high permeability filling channel group is injected in (I) above-mentioned reservoir model The long-pending pore volume sum with all passages in permeability filling channel group in 50%, i.e. 500cm³。

(II) calculates A1 wells closure water breakthrough passage by formula (IV) needs sealing agent detail design injection rate：

In formula (IV)：

V_x：High seepage channel volume, m³；

M_oil：Oil well cumulative oil production, m³；

π：3.14；

r_heat：Only rely on heat transfer, the covering radius of steam fuel factor, m；

r_heatThe average pore of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

S_o：r_heatThe average oil saturation of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

K_channel：High seepage channel coefficient, span：0.01-30%；

A1 wells calculate data value, oil well cumulative oil production 3765m³, effective pay thickiness L takes 5.8m, r_heat=25m, hole PorosityAverage oil saturation ρ=50%, K_channelValue is 10%, then calculates V_x(the i.e. detail design of blocking agent Dosage) be：267m³。

(III) opens injection pump, blocking agent is injected to three groups of filling channels in parallel with certain injection rate, and collect, count That measures the high, medium and low variant permeability port of export of three groups of filling channels goes out liquid situation, and central permeability filling channel group two goes out When the liquid outlet quantity summation at mouthful end reaches the 45%-55% of its pore volume, you can be considered as blocking agent leading edge reached in permeability The middle part of filling channel group.Repetition test, blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity and blocking agent experiment injection rate are constantly adjusted, makes blocking agent real When testing the amount of being actually implanted into and reaching blocking agent empirical theory injection rate, inject sealing agent leading edge reach in permeability filling channel group Middle part, and it is as follows to record related data：

Blocking agent tests apparent viscosity：40mPa.s；

Blocking agent tests injection rate：0.80ml/min；

The initial injection pressure of blocking agent experiment：0.0MPa；

Blocking agent tests flowing pressure gradient：0.015MPa/ml；

Blocking agent experiment closure pressure：6.2MPa；

Experiment viscous crude mutually starts pressure：9MPa.

(3) according to experiment and well information, the Design of Performance of resistance to sealing agent is completed

Because the yardstick and live injection device and reservoir scale difference of laboratory test instrument are very big, tried through indoor and scene It is 5.34 × 10 to test the conversion coefficient η that evaluation is obtained between blocking agent experiment injection rate and blocking agent detail design injection rate⁵, meter It is 42.7L/min that calculation, which obtains corresponding blocking agent detail design injection rate,.

The blocking agent detail design dosage and blocking agent detail design injection rate meter determined according to A1 wells data and experiment parameter Calculate, 267m is completed with 42.7L/min speed³The detail design injection length of blocking agent is 104.2 hours, then the detail design of blocking agent The normal temperature consolidated time should be greater than 105 hours, to ensure construction safety.

It is according to the plugging construction parameter that logistics organizations determine：

Blocking agent detail design apparent viscosity：40mPa.s；

Blocking agent detail design injection rate：42.7L/min；

Blocking agent detail design initially injects pressure：0.0MPa；

Detail design maximum pressure：9MPa.

Embodiment 2：

Using the physical model of the present invention, the indoor mould before plugging construction is carried out to certain oil-field thick-oil thermal recovery producing well A2 wells Draft experiment and detail design, the reservoir maximum permeabilities of A2 wells to be onstructed is 1000mD, minimum permeability is 300mD, has produced 4 Round, physical model and analogue experiment method using the present invention are illustrated by taking the detail design of this mouthful of well and implementation result as an example The method for carrying out detail design, detailed process are as follows：

The reservoir of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction well is established using the reservoir sand of A2 well outputs, crude oil and stratum water sample Physical model, produces the filling channel group of high, medium and low three permeability ranges, and is carried out completely with crude oil, stratum water respectively It is full of, the detailed data of three groups of filling channels is as follows：

High permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel H1#, length 600mm, interior diameter 200mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 1310mD, hole Gap volume 220cm³, 100% stratum water.

Filling channel H2#, length 600mm, interior diameter 200mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 1500mD, hole Gap volume 240cm³, 100% stratum water.

Middle permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel M1#：Length 600mm, interior diameter 200mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 500mD, hole Volume 150cm³, wherein fluid 50% is stratum water, 50% is crude oil.

Filling channel M2#：Length 600mm, interior diameter 200mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 600mD, hole Volume 156cm³, wherein fluid 50% is stratum water, 50% is crude oil.

Low-permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel L1#：Length 600mm, interior diameter 200mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 150mD, hole Volume 120cm³, 100% crude oil.

Filling channel L2#：Length 600mm, interior diameter 200mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 150mD, hole Volume 120cm³, 100% crude oil.

The pore-body that blocking agent amount is all passages in high permeability filling channel group is injected in (I) above-mentioned reservoir model The long-pending pore volume sum with all passages in permeability filling channel group in 50%, i.e. 613cm³。

(II) calculates A2 wells closure water breakthrough passage by formula (IV) needs sealing agent detail design injection rate：

In formula (IV)：

V_x：High seepage channel volume, m³；

M_oil：Oil well cumulative oil production, m³；

π：3.14；

r_heatThe average pore of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

S_o：r_heatThe average oil saturation of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

K_channel：High seepage channel coefficient, span：0.01-30%；

A2 wells calculate data value, oil well cumulative oil production 4700m³, effective pay thickiness L takes 7m, r_heat=20m, hole DegreeAverage oil saturation ρ=45%, K_channelValue is 4.9%, then calculates V_x(the i.e. detail design of blocking agent Dosage) be：180m³。

(III) opens injection pump, blocking agent is injected to three groups of filling channels in parallel with certain injection rate, and collect, count That measures high, medium and low three groups of differences permeability filling channel port of export goes out liquid situation, the central permeability filling channel group port of export When liquid outlet quantity reaches the 45%-55% of its pore volume, you can be considered as the middle part of permeability filling channel group during blocking agent has reached. Repetition test, blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity and blocking agent experiment injection rate are constantly adjusted, reaches the blocking agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into During blocking agent empirical theory injection rate, the middle part of permeability filling channel group in the leading edge arrival of sealing agent is injected, and records correlation Data are as follows：

Blocking agent tests apparent viscosity：26mPa.s；

Blocking agent tests injection rate：0.90ml/min；

The initial injection pressure of blocking agent experiment：0.0MPa；

Blocking agent tests flowing pressure gradient：0.010MPa/ml；

Blocking agent experiment closure pressure：5.0MPa；

Experiment viscous crude mutually starts pressure：7.5MPa.

Because the yardstick and live injection device and reservoir scale difference of laboratory test instrument are very big, tried through indoor and scene It is 2.93 × 10 to test the conversion coefficient η that evaluation is obtained between blocking agent experiment injection rate and blocking agent detail design injection rate⁵, meter It is 264L/min that calculation, which obtains corresponding blocking agent detail design injection rate,.

The blocking agent detail design dosage and blocking agent detail design injection rate meter determined according to A2 wells data and experiment parameter Calculate, 180m is completed with 180L/min speed³The detail design injection length of blocking agent is 11 hours, then the detail design normal temperature of blocking agent Consolidation time should be much larger than 40 hours, to ensure construction safety.

Blocking agent detail design apparent viscosity：26mPa.s；

Blocking agent detail design injection rate：264L/min；

Blocking agent detail design initially injects pressure：0.0MPa；

Detail design maximum pressure：7.5MPa.

Embodiment 3：

The indoor mould before plugging construction is carried out to certain oil-field thick-oil thermal recovery producing well A3 wells using the physical model of the present invention Draft experiment and detail design, the reservoir maximum permeabilities of A3 wells to be onstructed is 800mD, minimum permeability is 100mD, has produced 2 Round, physical model and analogue experiment method using the present invention are illustrated by taking the detail design of this mouthful of well and implementation result as an example The method for carrying out detail design, detailed process are as follows：

The reservoir of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction well is established using the reservoir sand of A3 well outputs, crude oil and stratum water sample Physical model, produces the filling channel of high, medium and low three permeability ranges, and is filled completely with crude oil, stratum water respectively Full, the detailed data of three groups of filling channels is as follows：

High permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel H1#, length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 1040mD, hole Volume 38cm³, 100% stratum water.

Filling channel H2#, length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 900mD, hole Volume 35cm³, 100% stratum water.

Filling channel H3#, length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 830mD, hole Volume 28cm³, 100% stratum water.

Filling channel H4#, length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 800mD, hole Volume 26cm³, 100% stratum water.

Middle permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel M1#：Length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 640mD, hole Volume 20cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Filling channel M2#：Length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 480mD, hole Volume 18cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Filling channel M3#：Length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 400mD, hole Volume 16cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Low-permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel L1#：Length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 50mD, pore-body Product 8cm³, 100% crude oil.

Filling channel L2#：Length 200mm, interior diameter 50mm, outside material are stainless steel, permeability 50mD, pore-body Product 8cm³, 100% crude oil.

The pore-body that blocking agent amount is all passages in high permeability filling channel group is injected in (I) above-mentioned reservoir model The long-pending pore volume sum with all passages in permeability filling channel group in 50%, i.e. 154cm³。

In formula (IV)：

V_x：High seepage channel volume, m³；

M_oil：Oil well cumulative oil production, m³；

π：3.14；

r_heaT covers the average pore of pit shaft reservoir, %；

S_o：r_heatThe average oil saturation of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

K_channel：High seepage channel coefficient, span：0.01-30%；

A3 wells calculate data value, oil well cumulative oil production 3000m³, effective pay thickiness L takes 5m, r_heat=20m, hole DegreeAverage oil saturation ρ=50%, K_channelValue is 1.9%, then calculates V_x(the i.e. detail design of blocking agent Dosage) it is ≈ 40m³。

Blocking agent tests apparent viscosity：22mPa.s；

Blocking agent tests injection rate：0.60ml/min；

The initial injection pressure of blocking agent experiment：0.0MPa；

Blocking agent tests flowing pressure gradient：0.015MPa/ml；

Blocking agent experiment closure pressure：6.0MPa；

Experiment viscous crude mutually starts pressure：10.0MPa.

Because the yardstick and live injection device and reservoir scale difference of laboratory test instrument are very big, tried through indoor and scene It is 2.59 × 10 to test the conversion coefficient η that evaluation is obtained between blocking agent experiment injection rate and blocking agent detail design injection rate⁵, meter It is 155L/min that calculation, which obtains corresponding blocking agent detail design injection rate,.

The blocking agent detail design dosage and blocking agent detail design injection rate meter determined according to A3 wells data and experiment parameter Calculate, 40m is completed with 155L/min speed³The detail design injection length of blocking agent is 4.3 hours, then the detail design normal temperature of blocking agent Consolidation time should be much larger than 43 hours, to ensure construction safety.

Blocking agent detail design apparent viscosity：22mPa.s；

Blocking agent detail design injection rate：155L/min；

Blocking agent detail design initially injects pressure：0.0MPa；

Detail design maximum pressure：10MPa.

Embodiment 4：

The indoor mould before plugging construction is carried out to certain oil-field thick-oil thermal recovery producing well A4 wells using the physical model of the present invention Draft experiment and detail design, the reservoir maximum permeabilities of A4 wells to be onstructed is 2000mD, minimum permeability is 500mD, has produced 8 Round, physical model and analogue experiment method using the present invention are illustrated by taking the detail design of this mouthful of well and implementation result as an example The method for carrying out detail design, detailed process are as follows：

The reservoir of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction well is established using the reservoir sand of A3 well outputs, crude oil and stratum water sample Physical model, produces the filling channel group of high, medium and low three groups of permeability ranges, and is carried out completely with crude oil, stratum water respectively It is full of, the detailed data of three filling channel groups is as follows：

High permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel H1#, length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 4000mD, pore volume 136cm³, 100% stratum water.

Filling channel H2#, length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 3600mD, pore volume 124cm³, 100% stratum water.

Filling channel H3#, length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 3020mD, pore volume 116cm³, 100% stratum water.

Middle permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel M1#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 1980mD, pore volume 100cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Filling channel M2#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 1860mD, pore volume 96cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Filling channel M3#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 1740mD, pore volume 93cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Filling channel M4#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 1620mD, pore volume 89cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Low-permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel L1#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 550mD, pore volume 68cm³, 100% crude oil.

Filling channel L2#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 450mD, pore volume 62cm³, 100% crude oil.

Filling channel L3#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 350mD, pore volume 59cm³, 100% crude oil.

The pore-body that blocking agent amount is all passages in high permeability filling channel group is injected in (I) above-mentioned reservoir model The long-pending pore volume sum with all passages in permeability filling channel group in 50%, i.e. 565cm³。

(II) calculates A4 wells closure water breakthrough passage by formula (IV) needs sealing agent detail design injection rate：

In formula (IV)：

V_x：High seepage channel volume, m³；

M_oil：Oil well cumulative oil production, m³；

π：3.14；

r_heatThe average pore of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

S_o：r_heatThe average oil saturation of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

K_channel：High seepage channel coefficient, span：0.01-30%；

A4 wells calculate data value, oil well cumulative oil production 7600m³, effective pay thickiness L takes 20m, r_heat=20m, hole PorosityAverage oil saturation ρ=35%, K_channelValue is 15%, then calculates V_x(the i.e. detail design of blocking agent Dosage) it is ≈ 690m³。

Blocking agent tests apparent viscosity：20mPa.s；

Blocking agent tests injection rate：0.65ml/min；

The initial injection pressure of blocking agent experiment：0.0MPa；

Blocking agent tests flowing pressure gradient：0.018MPa/ml；

Blocking agent experiment closure pressure：5.0MPa；

Experiment viscous crude mutually starts pressure：6.0MPa.

Because the yardstick and live injection device and reservoir scale difference of laboratory test instrument are very big, tried through indoor and scene It is 12.2 × 10 to test the conversion coefficient η that evaluation is obtained between blocking agent experiment injection rate and blocking agent detail design injection rate⁵, meter It is 793L/min that calculation, which obtains corresponding blocking agent detail design injection rate,.

The blocking agent detail design dosage and blocking agent detail design injection rate meter determined according to A4 wells data and experiment parameter Calculate, 690m is completed with 793L/min speed³The detail design injection length of blocking agent is 14.5 hours, then the detail design of blocking agent is normal Warm consolidation time should be much larger than 45 hours, to ensure construction safety.

Blocking agent detail design apparent viscosity：20mPa.s；

Blocking agent detail design injection rate：793L/min；

Blocking agent detail design initially injects pressure：0.0MPa；

Detail design maximum pressure：6.0MPa.

Embodiment 5：

The lab simulation before plugging construction is carried out to certain oil-field thick-oil thermal recovery producing well C wells using the physical model of the present invention Experiment and detail design, the reservoir maximum permeabilities of C wells to be onstructed is 2000mD, minimum permeability is 500mD, has produced 10 wheels It is secondary, illustrate to enter using the physical model and analogue experiment method of the present invention by taking the detail design of this mouthful of well and implementation result as an example The method of row detail design, detailed process are as follows：

Because C wells are long-term shutdowns well, it is impossible to be collected into the reservoir sand sample, crude oil sample and stratum water sample of the well output Product.Therefore the relevant information according to the well and adjacent well situation, selection particle diameter are the bead of 10-40 scopes as simulated formation Sand, using the viscous crude of C wells periphery producing well output as simulation oil, using 20,000 salinity water of indoor preparation as simulated formation water, make Go out the filling channel group of high, medium and low three permeability ranges, and be completely filled with respectively with simulation oil, water, three filling channel groups Detailed data it is as follows：

High permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel H3#, length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 3200mD, pore volume 120cm³, 100% stratum water.

Middle permeability filling channel group：

Filling channel M2#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 1900mD, pore volume 97cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Filling channel M3#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 1800mD, pore volume 94cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Filling channel M4#：Length 400mm, interior diameter 20mm, outside material are High molecular weight polyethylene, and permeability is 1700mD, pore volume 91cm³, wherein fluid 40% is stratum water, 60% is crude oil.

Low-permeability filling channel group：

(2) sealing agent injection simulated test is carried out to the reservoir model of the heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed of foundation, asked for Detail design data

The pore-body that blocking agent amount is all passages in high permeability filling channel group is injected in (I) above-mentioned reservoir model The long-pending pore volume sum with all passages in permeability filling channel group in 50%, i.e. 571cm³。

(II) calculates C wells closure water breakthrough passage by formula (IV) needs sealing agent detail design injection rate：

In formula (IV)：

V_x：High seepage channel volume, m³；

M_oil：Oil well cumulative oil production, m³；

π：3.14；

r_heatThe average pore of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

S_o：r_heatThe average oil saturation of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

K_channel：High seepage channel coefficient, span：0.01-30%；

C wells calculate data value, oil well cumulative oil production 1778m³, effective pay thickiness L takes 7.4m, r_heat=20m, hole PorosityAverage oil saturation ρ=45, K_channelValue is 27%, then calculates V_x(i.e. the detail design of blocking agent is used Amount) be：129.8m³。

Blocking agent tests apparent viscosity：32mPa.s；

Blocking agent tests injection rate：0.75ml/min；

The initial injection pressure of blocking agent experiment：0.0MPa；

Blocking agent tests flowing pressure gradient：0.012MPa/ml；

Blocking agent experiment closure pressure：8MPa；

Experiment viscous crude mutually starts pressure：9MPa.

(3) according to experiment and well information, optimize sealing agent performance, determine construction parameter

Because the yardstick and live injection device and reservoir scale difference of laboratory test instrument are very big, tried through indoor and scene It is 2.27 × 10 to test the conversion coefficient η that evaluation is obtained between blocking agent experiment injection rate and blocking agent detail design injection rate⁵, meter It is 170L/min that calculation, which obtains corresponding blocking agent detail design injection rate,.

The blocking agent detail design dosage and blocking agent detail design injection rate meter determined according to C wells data and experiment parameter Calculate, 129.8m is completed with 170L/min speed³The detail design injection length of blocking agent is 12.7 hours, then the detail design of blocking agent The normal temperature consolidated time should be much larger than 120 hours, to ensure construction safety.

(4) complete design prepares, establishment closure Field design.

By above step, it has been determined that the technical parameter of Construction control, will according to blocking agent performance design in make-up station Ask and complete blocking agent preparation, and after the assay was approved, transport standby to C wells well site.

Site operation program：

A. blocking agent slug 130m is just squeezed³, it is 0.15m strictly to control injection pump speed³/min；

B. anti-crowded clear water displacement fluid 15m³, just squeezing clear water and crossing displacement fluid 20m³。

C. closing well reaction 6-12 hours, punching is visited to sand control Position on the top of the fish, using sewage high flow rate washover to going out well liquid outward appearance Cleaning, act water plugging string, prepare steam injection.

Job site technical controlling main points：

In (I) blocking agent injection process, it should ensure that bottomhole injection pressure mutually starts pressure 9MPa less than viscous crude, once pressure reaches To 9MPa, even if 130m³Blocking agent is not yet fully injected into, and also should immediately be stopped injecting, be started to replace.

A cementing truck connects sleeve gate in (II) work progress, it is desirable to is beaten clearly according to condition of construction sleeve pipe in work progress Water displacement fluid, it can adjust according to site operation situation.

(III) envelope, which alters plug water construction, to be combined closely with steam injection, after envelope alters plug water construction, should start steam injection as early as possible, to promote Enter blocking agent solidification, produce plugging effect.

(5) C wells carry out plugging construction

On June 30th, 2013, C well plugging constructions are carried out in X oil recovery factories.Site operation injects temperature-sensitive phase in version gel and blocked up altogether Agent 130m³, strict implement design requirement in work progress, construction results show that the blocking agent injection pressure in site operation meets The result of the test of reservoir model in the present invention.Parameter is obtained according to indoor physical simulation test method of the present invention, establishment is applied Work designs, and and guides construction, has ensured that plugging construction smoothly completes.

On August 11st, 2013, C wells produce liquid 36.2t/d daily after going into operation, and day oil-producing 8.4t/d, comprehensive water cut drops to 76.8%, only produce 20 days and just increase oily 114t.The C well plugging constructions carried out by the inventive method succeed, and achieve significantly Reduction is aqueous and effect of increasing production.

The present inventor utilizes the reservoir model of the heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof plug water construction well of the present invention, to described Reservoir model carry out blocking agent injection simulated experiment, the parameter obtained using simulated experiment come design heavy crude heat extraction envelope Plug water construction parameter is altered, is derived from heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water-blocking construction method, and implement certain oil field X using this method and recover the oil The heavy oil wells water blockoff turn-week construction of factory's C wells.On August 11st, 2013, daily output liquid 36.2t/d after C wells are gone into operation, day oil-producing 8.4t/d, Comprehensive water cut drops to 76.8%, only produces 20 days and just increases oily 114t.By the inventive method carry out C wells plugging construction obtain into Work(, achieving significantly reduces aqueous and effect of increasing production.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims

1. a kind of multichannel reservoir model of heavy crude heat extraction well to be onstructed, it includes three filling channels being arranged in parallel Group, each filling channel group include at least two filling channel, and the filling channel is by the filling loaded in passage and passage Thing is formed, and the filler includes reservoir sand, crude oil and stratum water or simulated formation sand, Simulation of Crude Oil and simulated formation water；

Three filling channel groups are respectively：High permeability filling channel group, middle permeability filling channel group and low-permeability filling Passage group, wherein,

High permeability filling channel group：Water surveys the 100%-200% that permeability is well reservoir maximum permeability to be onstructed, and by filling out Number of channels is filled by permeability by 10%-40% amplification terraced distributions, and fluid 100% therein is stratum water or simulated formation Water；

Middle permeability filling channel group：Water surveys the 50%-99% that permeability is well reservoir maximum permeability to be onstructed, and by filling Permeability is pressed 10%-40% amplification terraced distributions by number of channels, and 40%-60% is stratum water or simulation ground in fluid therein Layer water, 40%-60% is crude oil or Simulation of Crude Oil；

Low-permeability filling channel group：Water surveys the 70%-110% that permeability is well reservoir minimum permeability to be onstructed, and by filling out Number of channels is filled by permeability by 10%-40% amplification terraced distributions, and fluid 100% therein is crude oil or Simulation of Crude Oil.

2. reservoir model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

The water of high permeability filling channel group and middle permeability filling channel group surveys the span of permeability according to well to be onstructed Steam injection periodicity chosen, wherein,

The water of high permeability filling channel group surveys permeability：

When it is 1-2 rounds to inject the cycle, 100%-130% is chosen；

When it is 3-5 rounds to inject the cycle, 131%-150% is chosen；

When injecting cycle >=6 round, 151%-200% is chosen；

The water of middle permeability filling channel group surveys permeability：

When it is 1-6 rounds to inject the cycle, 50%-80% is chosen；

When injecting cycle >=7 round, 81%-99% is chosen.

3. reservoir model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after filling channel tests permeability, according to The recovery percent of reserves of well to be onstructed is chosen different fluid centering permeability filling channel group and filled, so that the filling of middle permeability is logical Interstitial space in each passage of road group is completely filled with, wherein,

4. the reservoir model according to any one in Claim 1-3, it is characterised in that

The radial section of the passage is polygon, circle or ellipse；

Forming the material of the exterior contour of the passage includes metal, high polymer material or hydraulicity inorganic coagulation material.

5. reservoir model according to claim 3, it is characterised in that

The section of the passage is circle, and the length of the passage is 200.0-1000.0mm, internal diameter 20.0-200.0mm；

The tubing for forming the exterior contour of the passage is straight tube.

6. reservoir model according to claim 2, it is characterised in that after filling channel tests permeability, according to The recovery percent of reserves of well to be onstructed is chosen different fluid centering permeability filling channel group and filled, so that the filling of middle permeability is logical Interstitial space in each passage of road group is completely filled with, wherein,

7. reservoir model according to claim 6, it is characterised in that

The radial section of the passage is polygon, circle or ellipse；

8. reservoir model according to claim 7, it is characterised in that

The tubing for forming the exterior contour of the passage is straight tube.

9. the reservoir model in a kind of 1-8 to claim described in any one carries out the simulated experiment side of blocking agent injection Method, it includes：

Step A, blocking agent is injected in three filling channel groups；

Step B, judge to inject the middle part of permeability filling channel group during whether blocking agent leading edge reaches, and do not arrived in blocking agent leading edge Up to middle permeability filling channel group middle part when, adjustment blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity and blocking agent experiment injection rate so that stifled When the agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into is equal to blocking agent empirical theory injection rate, permeability filling channel group during injection blocking agent leading edge reaches Middle part；

Step C, records experimental process parameters, and the experimental process parameters include blocking agent experiment apparent viscosity, blocking agent experiment injection Speed, the initial injection pressure of blocking agent experiment, blocking agent experiment flowing pressure gradient, blocking agent experiment closure pressure mutually open with experiment viscous crude Dynamic pressure；

The blocking agent experiment amount of being actually implanted into is permeability in the pore volume and 50% of all passages in high permeability filling channel group The pore volume sum of all passages in filling channel group；

The blocking agent empirical theory injection rate is the aqueous phase volume of all passages and middle permeability in high permeability filling channel group The 45%-55% sums of the oil phase of all passages and/or aqueous phase volume in filling channel group.

10. analogue experiment method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that in stepb, central permeability filling is logical The liquid outlet quantity of all channel outlets is equivalent to the pore volume of all passages in middle permeability filling channel group in road group During 45%-55%, then it is judged as injecting the middle part of permeability filling channel group during blocking agent leading edge has reached.

11. the analogue experiment method according to claim 9 or 10, it is characterised in that in stepb, adjustment blocking agent experiment Apparent viscosity and blocking agent experiment injection rate, make blocking agent experiment injection pressure reach blocking agent experiment closure pressure value when, at least 50v%-80v% blocking agent is injected among high permeability filling channel group.

12. a kind of heavy oil thermal recovery fleeing proof water-blocking construction method, its detail design technological parameter is according to any in claim 9-11 The experimental process parameters that analogue experiment method described in one is obtained, which calculate, to be obtained, wherein,

In formula (I),

The unit of blocking agent detail design injection rate is L/min；

The unit of blocking agent experiment injection rate is ml/min；

η is the conversion coefficient between blocking agent experiment injection rate and blocking agent detail design injection rate, is carried out according to formula (II) Calculate：

η span is 1.0 × 10⁵-15.0×10⁵；

The blocking agent detail design normal temperature cure time is 1-10 times of blocking agent detail design injection length, the blocking agent detail design note The angle of incidence is calculated according to formula (III)：

13. construction method according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the blocking agent detail design injection rate is equal to hypertonic Circulation road volume, the high seepage channel volume are calculated according to formula (IV)：

<mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>X</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>&pi;</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mi>o</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&divide;</mo> <mn>10000</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mi>V</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>

In formula (IV)：

Vx：High seepage channel volume, m³；

M_oil：Oil well cumulative oil production, m³；

π：3.14；

r_heatThe average pore of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

S_o：r_heatThe average oil saturation of covered pit shaft reservoir, %；

K_channel：High seepage channel coefficient, its span are 0.01%-30%.

14. construction method according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the span of the high seepage channel coefficient is entered One step includes：

When the injection cycle of new brought in well is 1-2,0.01%-1.99%；

When the injection cycle of new brought in well is 3-5,2.0%-4.99%；

The round of injection cycle of new brought in well >=6,5%-10%；

For due to long-term shutdowns well caused by High water cut, 10.01%-30%.

15. the construction method in a kind of 12-14 according to claim described in any one is altered stifled in thick oil thermal extraction selectively envelope Application in water site operation.