CN105437995A - Module intelligent detecting and identifying method and multi-way checking fault-tolerant communication method - Google Patents
Module intelligent detecting and identifying method and multi-way checking fault-tolerant communication method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an algorithm of a module intelligent detecting and identifying method, wherein the algorithm comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out module temperature detection, module temperature difference calculation, module voltage detection per-unit processing, module voltage difference calculation per-unit processing, unit voltage detection per-unit processing and unit voltage difference calculation per-unit processing to respectively obtain values of k1, k2, k3, k4, k5 and k6; obtaining practical output power according to a formula PO=PR*k1*k2*k3*k4*k5*k6, and carrying out the next-term calculation every time obtaining the practical output power. The module intelligent detecting and identifying method realizes that the system practical output power is not only related to external characteristics, but also is related to module internal difference, and is a detecting method which is more intelligent and more suitable for an electric vehicle control system, and the detecting method meets the needs of the electric vehicle control system, can prolong the service life of a battery, and can reduce annular average usage cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of module Intelligent Measurement and recognition methods, multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication, belong to electric vehicle engineering field.
Background technology
It is power that electronlmobil refers to vehicle power, drives wheels travel with motor, meets the vehicle of arteries of communication, legislative control on safety requirements.Because electronlmobil uses the electric energy stored in the battery to start, have fewer environmental impacts relative to traditional fuel-engined vehicle, the prospect of electronlmobil is extensively had an optimistic view of.Electrokinetic cell is the gordian technique of electronlmobil, determines its mileages of continuation and cost.Due to the voltage of battery cell not high (ferric phosphate lithium cell is generally 3.2-3.3V, and ternary material lithium cell is generally 3.6V), the large-scale connection in series-parallel of battery is needed to reach voltage class needed for drive motor.Therefore, in groups after usually there is the extensive series connection of up to a hundred batteries.As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation of battery pack series connection in existing electronlmobil.As shown in Figure 2, be the structural representation of electric-control system in existing electronlmobil.
The characteristic of battery is different from other electronics package, and it can along with use aging and decay gradually.In electrical characteristics, major embodiment is the change of internal resistance, this change certainly exists on the one hand in whole life cycle, the attenuation law of group each battery interior is again different afterwards in groups on the other hand, this mainly causes because of the reason such as the operating temperature (due to heat localization after battery-heating, center temperature is higher than peripheral position) of battery, the conformability of production and processing in group.Extensive battery in groups, if do not managed reliability that its result is exactly whole system, safety, electrical specification depend on the poorest one of performance in each monomer of series connection, i.e. wooden pail effect.For this reason, prior art proposes each battery cell managed by battery management system (BMS) in battery, what solve in battery pack between each battery cell is unbalanced, is exactly by the battery that energy ezpenditure unnecessary on batteries many for capacity falls or the capacity that is transferred to is few in brief.But in addition, electronlmobil also has an important job to be drive motor walking, meet driving demand, this part is completed by another major part electric machine controller, with battery and BMS functionally separate, visible, in existing technical system, motor-driven function and energy management (battery+BMS) are independently.
By analyzing, be not difficult to find that current technology path exists following technical matters and needs to solve:
(1) energy storage section:
A) after extensive series connection, the dynamic voltage balancing of battery is difficult.Long-Time Service, the characteristic inequality of battery cell causes charging/discharging voltage inconsistent, causes battery to be damaged time serious.
B) in order to realize dynamic voltage balancing, need complexity, expensive battery management system (BMS), battery management system generally accounts for the 15-25% of battery cost, and battery account for about the 50-60% of integral vehicle cost.
C) characteristic of lithium cell is subject to the impact of the factors such as working condition, operating cycles, working environment, even if the battery of same brand is also difficult to accomplish good conformability after a long time use.Therefore, the battery that different manufacturers, different batches, different time are produced, often can not use with.Thus, cause, in the process promoted at new-energy automobile, having occurred following problem: closed-centre system, when dispatching from the factory, needs the detection of wasting a large amount of human and material resources, financial resources carry out many index to battery cell, to ensure the conformability of each batch; In use for some time, if certain battery cell et out of order, replace again very difficult (battery being difficult to find attenuation characteristic consistent goes to replace), cause the raising of after service cost; The lithium cell characteristic of each manufacturer production is difficult to accomplish unanimously, to replace difficulty each other; Dissimilar battery (as between lithium cell and lead-acid battery) cannot be replaced especially mutually, thus has a strong impact on the industrialization process of new-energy automobile.
(2) electric-control system:
A) system safety is poor: and as vehicle control syetem, its mode and demand for control are different from traditional industry transducer array.Adopt two level topologys (i.e. the driving governor of prior art route), once certain power electronic devices or cond break down, namely system quits work.In onboard system, this will cause serious potential safety hazard (as vehicle on expressway is out of control suddenly) undoubtedly.
B) harmonic components of DC-DC converter and two level converters is still comparatively large, can cause the interference to vehicular meter, vehicle mounted electrical apparatus and communication apparatus.
C) the existing product of BMS its euqalizing current usual is only about 5A, and the ability of equalization is limited, and the outgoing current of motor is usually close to 100A, even higher.If larger difference has appearred in battery cell, can accelerate unbalanced when High-current output, and the ability of equalization of existing BMS exports a little magnitude (10 times) than motor, it can only meet the demand of static equilibrium (namely carrying out Balance route under charge condition).And if strengthen euqalizing current, improve balancing speed, cost improves again further.
Chinese patent CN104953675A proposes the application of energy management equipment, electric-control system and electric-control method, electronlmobil, which solves battery in above-mentioned existing batteries of electric automobile group and connects that caused battery consistency requires that height, testing cost are high, difficulty replaced by battery, the BMS ability of equalization is not enough on a large scale thus the technical matters of the dynamic voltage balancing of battery pack after cannot meeting extensive series connection.As shown in Figure 3, being the structural representation of energy management equipment in patent CN104953675A, as shown in Figure 4, is the structural representation of electric-control system in patent CN104953675A.
The electric-control system of patent CN104953675A has following characteristics:
(1) each energy-storage units can realize independent control by cascade bridge unit, without extensive serial battery, can the battery pack of compatible different electrical specification, each concatenation unit electrical specification need not be completely the same, therefore can compatible different manufacturers, different productive life or even dissimilar battery.
(2) because series connection amount of monomer is few, as using 12 monomers as a unit, only require that these 12 monomer characteristics are as far as possible consistent, and do not need between unit very consistent.Therefore produce, safeguard, all more convenient when changing.
(3) little, lightweight, the heat radiation of the volume of monomer easily designs, and not easily produces heat localization, can not occur center monomer temperature and the widely different situation of surrounding monomer again, be conducive to slowing down because of cell decay bring inconsistent.
(4) system compatible charges and changes electricity two kinds of operation modes.Under changing power mode, only need according to dump energy by all or part of replacing of each concatenation unit battery, flexible operation, no longer needs whole battery replacing as the existing electric system that changes.Under charge mode, can direct incoming transport power supply, by cascade converter, each energy-storage units of system is charged.
(5) energy-storage units is module-cascade, carries out bypass by power electronic devices.When a failure occurs by controlling to cut out trouble unit, system derate is run, and reliability and safety are improved.Bypass structure as shown in Figure 5, when being in bypass condition, can select pipe bypass (upper part of figure) or lower pipe bypass (lower part of figure).No matter which kind of bypass form, also no matter electric current be flow into from A end, B hold outflows, or flow into from B end, A holds outflow, now electric current is all without battery, also just means that battery does not participate in discharging or charging, is equivalent to and is bypassed.
(6) basic characteristics of cascade converter are that many level staircase waveform exports, and this many level export and make the harmonic characteristic of system more excellent, decrease the interference of other mobile units and communication apparatus.
(7) each energy-storage units is low pressure, and controller is comparatively safe to each module to human body after cutting out, and therefore greatly can reduce the probability of human electric shock's injures and deaths when there is extreme case (as situations such as traffic accident cause car body impaired).
Above-mentioned electric-control system (also claiming " cascade system ") adopts two-step evolution structure, the first order (also claim " outer level ") energy management by energy management equipment (in this application also referred to as " module ", H bridge as shown in Figure 8) realizes, by controlling the dutycycle of the H bridge in each energy management equipment, the ON time that each energy management equipment is different can be realized, and due to the electric current of same output phase place be identical, the time that therefore same galvanic action is different just can produce different discharge electricity amounts or charge capacity.And by changing the conducting rule of Switch Controller, when can also realize same outgoing current, energy management equipment not only can be operated in charge condition but also can be operated in discharge regime; Balancing energy between the series connection monomer that the energy management of the second stage (also claim " interior level ") refers to energy management device interior controls.As in Fig. 6, power brick is made up of 12 monomers, connects between monomer, and the positive pole of each monomer is all connected by the two ends of equalizer switch with the former limit of BMS switch transformer with negative pole simultaneously.When certain monomer voltage higher than setting voltage or electricity higher than setting electricity time, equalizer switch is connected, and the binistor action of the former secondary of equalizer transformer, passes to balancing battery by energy by by balanced monomer; When certain cell pressure lower than setting voltage or electricity lower than setting electricity time, connect equalizer switch equally, now energy transferring is given by balanced monomer by balancing battery.
In sum, the electric-control system that above-mentioned patent CN104953675A proposes, in physical structure be functionally integrated with " motor driving ", " battery management ", " charging " three zones, possess good compatibility (battery of different qualities and type) and reliability (fault cuts out, fault-tolerant).
As the simulation data mode chart that Fig. 7 is patent CN104953675A electric-control system.The structure of every 6 energy management equipment is mutually have employed during emulation.The initial quantity of electricity difference that simulated conditions sets 6 energy management equipment is respectively (80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%SOC).Can see that the electrical control system structure that this application adopts has taken into full account the difference of modules from left figure, and carry out differential management and control, make the energy management equipment velocity of discharge of electric energy abundance faster (both rate of curve was large), and the energy management equipment discharge rate of electric energy deficiency is slow; Right figure is line voltage waveform and the phase current waveform of exporting to motor.From the visible this structure of voltage waveform closer to desirable sine waveform, voltage jump amplitude is only the voltage (both dv/dt was little) of a module, and harmonic wave is also better.
The electric-control system of above-mentioned patent CN104953675A be a kind of to battery types, characteristic, tenure of use compatible very strong system.Therefore, the module of access electric-control system may come from different battery supplier, and the time limit is different, type is different, in order to allow different module coupling work, needs to realize the Intelligent Recognition to modules characteristic and state-detection.And the used in combination of dissimilar battery do not supported by conventional batteries bag, conventional electric automobile controller is only confined to monomer voltage identification and the temperature identification of battery system to the detection of battery, and there is not the discernibility to dissimilar battery.
The groundwork of conventional voltage detection scheme is: the bound of setting voltage, when cell pressure exceed the upper limit or lower than lower voltage limit time, trigger protection, reduce and final plant closure system, out of service.Conventional temperature detects and temperature controlled basic scheme is: the bound of design temperature, sets heating/cooling simultaneously and starts threshold value.When battery temperature exceed the upper limit or lower than lower voltage limit time, trigger protection, reduce and final plant closure system, out of service.When temperature is lower than heating threshold values, start heating; When temperature is higher than cooling threshold values, starts cooling, be generally air-cooled or water-cooled.
In voltage and temperature detection scheme, traditional scheme only considers the trouble free service territory degree of battery cell, does not but consider the otherness of each monomer.And in fact, the work life of whole battery system entirety depends on the monomer that system is the poorest, therefore each monomer safety does not represent between monomer and does not operationally have difference.Each monomer differs greatly and can cause that whole system operation life falls sharply, performance characteristic is not good.
In electric-control system, first whole closed-centre system is broken down into multiple module, and each block coupled in series quantity is few, and volume is little, and temperature is often stablized, and therefore inside modules can not exist larger monomer temperature difference.But electric-control system possesses the ability of dissimilar battery hybrid working, therefore absolute value voltage can not embody the state-of-charge of battery.
Summary of the invention
In order to the energy management equipment (module) and control unit (sub-controller) thereof that access in electric-control system effectively can be identified, the presence of judge module and sub-controller, and by the electric parameter reliable diffusion of communication bus by identification, the invention provides a kind of module Intelligent Measurement and recognition methods, multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication.
Because absolute value voltage can not embody the state-of-charge of battery, the present invention adopts standardization voltage, in module Intelligent Measurement, we have employed module temperature, each module temperature difference, module standardization voltage, module standardization voltage difference, inside modules monomer standardization voltage, the multiple parameter of inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference as performance assessment criteria.
Terminological interpretation:
1, control system of electric automobile, is called for short " electric-control system ".
2, cascade: the equipment of more than two is coupled together by certain mode, the effect that can play dilatation is exactly cascade.
3, H bridge: H-Bridge, i.e. full-bridge (because profile is similar to H therefore gain the name), be usually used in inverter (DC-AC changes, namely direct current become exchange).By the folding of switch, be the alternating current of certain frequency or variable frequency by direct current (DC) (from battery etc.) inversion, for driving alternating current dynamo (asynchronous dynamo etc.).H bridge is a typical DC motor control circuit, because its circuitry shapes exactly likes alphabetical H, therefore gains the name and " H bridge ".4 vertical legs of 4 aerotron composition H, and motor is exactly the whippletree in H.
4, BMS:BatteryManagementSystem, battery management system.
5, one is marked: perunit value is for a certain a reference value, and same famous value, when a reference value chooses difference, its perunit value is also different.Their relation is as follows: perunit value=famous value/a reference value.
The present invention overcomes the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts:
A kind of module Intelligent Measurement and recognition methods, described module is the energy management equipment in electric-control system, described electric-control system is control system of electric automobile, it comprises master controller, 3N sub-controller and 3N energy management equipment, described energy management equipment comprises H-bridge unit, in parallel with H-bridge unit and as the input power of H-bridge unit battery pack and be connected with the battery in battery pack respectively and battery pack carried out to the battery management system BMS of balancing energy control, described battery pack comprises M the battery be cascaded, wherein M, N is respectively the integer being greater than 1, 3N energy management equipment forms first-phase group, second-phase group and third phase group be totally 3 groups mutually, each group mutually comprises N number of energy management equipment, N number of energy management equipment in each group is mutually by the H-bridge unit cascade in energy management equipment, each group mutually comprises two ports, described two ports comprise input port and output port, a port in two ports of first-phase group is connected to the U phase terminal of motor, another port is connected with a port in two ports of second-phase group and third phase group respectively, another port in two ports of second-phase group and third phase group is connected to V phase terminal and the W phase terminal of motor respectively.Set respectively the weighting function of module temperature as the weighting function of k1, each module temperature difference be k2, the weighting function of module standardization voltage is k3, the weighting function of module standardization voltage difference is k4, the weighting function of inside modules monomer standardization voltage is k5, the weighting function of inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference is k6, if system nominal horsepower output is P
r, real output is P
o, described P
o=P
r× k1 × k2 × k3 × k4 × k5 × k6; It is as follows that the algorithm realizing module Intelligent Measurement and recognition methods comprises step:
(1) detect beginning, first carry out module temperature detection, it is how many for obtaining current module temperature, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k1, then carries out next step;
(2) carry out each module differential thermal calculation, it is how many for obtaining current each module temperature difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k2, then carries out next step;
(3) carry out module voltage and detect standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block standardization voltage, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k3, then carries out next step;
(4) carry out module voltage difference and calculate standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block standardization voltage difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k4, then carries out next step;
(5) carry out monomer voltage and detect standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block inner monomer standardization voltage, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k5, then carries out next step;
(6) carry out monomer voltage difference and calculate standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block inner monomer standardization voltage difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k6, then carries out next step;
(7) according to formula P
o=P
r× k1 × k2 × k3 × k4 × k5 × k6 calculates real output;
(8) above-mentioned steps (1)-(7) are carried out successively in real time, often show that one takes turns real output, and then carry out next round.
Preferred according to the present invention, described k1, k2, k3, k4, k5 and k6 are weighting function curve or straight line, and value is [0,1], and value all obtains from look-up table.
Preferred according to the present invention, when the value of any one in the module temperature obtained, each module temperature difference, module standardization voltage, module standardization voltage difference, inside modules monomer standardization voltage or inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference does not reach threshold value, its weighted value is 1, be equivalent to weighted value be 1 this weighting function real output is not affected; Upper prescribing a time limit is run when the value of any one in the module temperature obtained, each module temperature difference, module standardization voltage, module standardization voltage difference, inside modules monomer standardization voltage or inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference reaches; its weighted value is 0; being equivalent to real output is 0; trigger protection; shutdown system, out of service.
Preferred according to the present invention, master controller comprises DSP and FPGA, sub-controller comprises singlechip chip and FPGA/CPLD, master controller is used for realizing module Intelligent Measurement and recognizer, and sub-controller runs for execution algorithm Output rusults, drive motor and completes the sampling of temperature and voltage data simultaneously.
Preferred according to the present invention, the communication of electric-control system comprises master control internal communication, communication between sub-control internal communication and main point; Communication between master control internal communication and DSP and FPGA, adopt asynchronous bus communication modes to transmit data, transfer rate is 8Mbtye/s; Sub-control internal communication and communication between singlechip chip and FPGA or CPLD, adopt asynchronous bus communication modes to transmit data, transfer rate is 80Kbtye/s; Between main point, communication adopts asynchronous serial optical fiber or Shielded Twisted Pair communication modes to transmit data, and transfer rate is 4Mbtye/s.
For ensureing the high speed reliable communicating of electric-control system, present invention also offers a kind of multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication, each Bit data acquisition 4 clk cycle redundancies are received and dispatched, and every frame data comprise start bit 1Bit, check bit 1Bit, PWM locking bit 1Bit, data bit 10Bit and stop bit 12Bit 25Bit i.e. 100 clk cycles altogether; During redundancy transmitting-receiving, each Bit data verify, the information of first clk cycle of each Bit data is as the zone bit starting reading, receive the information of second clk cycle as effective information, receive the information of third and fourth clk cycle as verification, if the data of third and fourth clk cycle are identical with the data of second clk cycle, then communication is normal, if different, then communication failure.
The data of third and fourth clk cycle described are different from the data of second clk cycle comprises following three kinds of situations:
The data of (1) the 3rd clk cycle are identical with the data of second clk cycle, but the data of data second clk cycle of the 4th clk cycle are different;
The data of (2) the 3rd clk cycles are different from the data of second clk cycle, but the data of data second clk cycle of the 4th clk cycle are identical;
(3) data of third and fourth clk cycle are all different from the data of second clk cycle.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Electronlmobil module Intelligent Measurement of the present invention and recognition methods comprise detection and Identification two large divisions content, constructional feature based on electric-control system itself namely can compatible different battery, in Intelligent Measurement part, introduce the weighting function k1 of module temperature, the weighting function k2 of each module temperature difference, the weighting function k3 of module standardization voltage, the weighting function k4 of module standardization voltage difference, the weighting function k5 of inside modules monomer standardization voltage, these 6 weighting functions of the weighting function k6 of inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference, the system real output of achieving is not only relevant to total external characteristics, also relevant to inside modules otherness, that one is more intelligent, be more suitable for the method for inspection of control system of electric automobile, meet the demand of control system of electric automobile, because battery system accounts for about the 50-60% of integral vehicle cost, this method is utilized to extend battery, reduce average annual use cost.
The multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication of disturbance rejection of the present invention, anti-error code solves the problem because module Intelligent Measurement causes electric-control system quantity of information to increase, and achieves high speed, large information capacity, stable and failure-free communication.In Intelligent Measurement and communication failure-free basis, and then achieve the Intelligent Recognition of module status and parameter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of battery pack series connection in existing electronlmobil.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of existing control system of electric automobile.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of energy management equipment in patent CN104953675A.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of electric-control system in patent CN104953675A.
Fig. 5 is the bypass structure schematic diagram of energy management equipment in patent CN104953675A.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the Application Example of energy management equipment in patent CN104953675A.
Fig. 7 is the simulation data mode chart of electric-control system in patent CN104953675A.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of energy management equipment (module) of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the diagram of circuit of module Intelligent Measurement of the present invention and recognizer.
Figure 10 is the communication framed structure schematic diagram of electric-control system of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of data receiver and CLK in multichannel of the present invention verification method for fault-tolerant communication.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of every frame data in multichannel of the present invention verification method for fault-tolerant communication.
Detailed description of the invention
Better understand the present invention for the ease of those skilled in the art, be described in further details below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments to the present invention, following is only exemplary do not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Module Intelligent Measurement of the present invention and recognition methods, as shown in Figure 8, described module is the energy management equipment in electric-control system, as shown in Figure 4, described electric-control system is control system of electric automobile, it comprises master controller, a 3N sub-controller and 3N energy management equipment, described energy management equipment comprise H-bridge unit, in parallel with H-bridge unit and as the input power of H-bridge unit battery pack and be connected with the battery in battery pack respectively and battery pack carried out to the battery management system BMS of balancing energy control, described battery pack comprises M the battery be cascaded, and wherein M, N are respectively the integer being greater than 1, 3N energy management equipment forms first-phase group, second-phase group and third phase group be totally 3 groups mutually, each group mutually comprises N number of energy management equipment, N number of energy management equipment in each group is mutually by the H-bridge unit cascade in energy management equipment, each group mutually comprises two ports, described two ports comprise input port and output port, a port in two ports of first-phase group is connected to the U phase terminal of motor, another port is connected with a port in two ports of second-phase group and third phase group respectively, another port in two ports of second-phase group and third phase group is connected to V phase terminal and the W phase terminal of motor respectively.Set respectively the weighting function of module temperature as the weighting function of k1, each module temperature difference be k2, the weighting function of module standardization voltage is k3, the weighting function of module standardization voltage difference is k4, the weighting function of inside modules monomer standardization voltage is k5, the weighting function of inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference is k6, if system nominal horsepower output is P
r, real output is P
o, described k1, k2, k3, k4, k5 and k6 all can be expressed as the two-dimentional weighting function curve relevant to output power of motor or straight line, and value is [0,1], and value all obtains from look-up table; System real output is P
obe P by system nominal horsepower output
rwith the weighting function of module temperature be k1, the weighting function of each module temperature difference is k2, the weighting function of module standardization voltage is k3, the weighting function of module standardization voltage difference is k4, the weighting function of inside modules monomer standardization voltage is k5, the weighting function of inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference is that k6 provides, i.e. P
o=P
r× k1 × k2 × k3 × k4 × k5 × k6, because the characteristic of different battery there are differences, with a formula, dissimilar battery can not be described, therefore present invention employs the value that look-up table determines k1-k6, the data of tabling look-up are demarcated by the platform experiment in early stage, the module of different capacity grade, the battery of dissimilar or material, data of tabling look-up can because of its characteristic difference to some extent.As shown in Figure 9, it is as follows that the algorithm that the present invention realizes module Intelligent Measurement and recognition methods comprises step:
(1) detect beginning, first carry out module temperature detection, it is how many for obtaining current module temperature, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k1, then carries out next step;
(2) carry out each module differential thermal calculation, it is how many for obtaining current each module temperature difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k2, then carries out next step;
(3) carry out module voltage and detect standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block standardization voltage, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k3, then carries out next step;
(4) carry out module voltage difference and calculate standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block standardization voltage difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k4, then carries out next step;
(5) carry out monomer voltage and detect standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block inner monomer standardization voltage, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k5, then carries out next step;
(6) carry out monomer voltage difference and calculate standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block inner monomer standardization voltage difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k6, then carries out next step;
(7) according to formula P
o=P
r× k1 × k2 × k3 × k4 × k5 × k6 calculates real output;
(8) above-mentioned steps (1)-(7) are carried out successively in real time, often show that one takes turns real output, and then carry out next round.
When the value of any one in the module temperature obtained, each module temperature difference, module standardization voltage, module standardization voltage difference, inside modules monomer standardization voltage or inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference does not reach Weighted Threshold, such as module temperature is not high, when not reaching threshold value, its k1=1, being equivalent to this weighting function of module temperature does not affect real output; Upper prescribing a time limit is run when the value of any one in the module temperature obtained, each module temperature difference, module standardization voltage, module standardization voltage difference, inside modules monomer standardization voltage or inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference reaches; such as temperature reaches the upper limit that power brick is run; then press k1 curve; its k1=0; being equivalent to real output is 0; trigger protection, shutdown system, out of service.
As shown in Figure 10, master controller of the present invention comprises DSP and FPGA, sub-controller comprises singlechip chip and FPGA/CPLD, to ensure the problem that electric-control system can solve computing and contain much information, master controller is used for realizing module Intelligent Measurement and recognizer, and sub-controller runs for execution algorithm Output rusults, drive motor and completes the sampling of temperature and voltage data simultaneously.
The communication of electric-control system comprises master control internal communication, communication between sub-control internal communication and main point, in order to the module realizing accessing electric-control system can Intelligent Recognition, just Detection Information must be gathered, by the communication network between master, sub-controller, information is uploaded to master controller, therefore needs stable, the reliable and efficient communication systems built between master controller and each sub-controller.Communication between master control internal communication and DSP and FPGA, adopt asynchronous bus communication modes to transmit data, transfer rate is 8Mbtye/s; Sub-control internal communication and communication between singlechip chip and FPGA or CPLD, adopt asynchronous bus communication modes to transmit data, transfer rate is 80Kbtye/s; In order to reduce the hardware interface quantity between main sub-controller, improving connection reliability, reducing interference, between main point, communication adopts asynchronous serial optical fiber or Shielded Twisted Pair communication modes to transmit data, and transfer rate is 4Mbtye/s.
For ensureing the high speed reliable communicating of electric-control system, present invention also offers a kind of multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication, as shown in figure 11, each Bit data acquisition 4 clk cycle (16MHz) redundancies are received and dispatched, and improve error code correction ability by redundancy transmitting-receiving check bit sum stop bit simultaneously.As shown in figure 12, every frame data comprise start bit 1Bit, check bit 1Bit, PWM locking bit 1Bit, data bit 10Bit and stop bit 12Bit 25Bit i.e. 100 clk cycles altogether.
Actual hardware system, due to error and the conducted interference of components and parts self, the impossible Complete Synchronization of clock signal, the difference of sequential is outwardness, and the difference of sequential can cause error code, therefore, present invention employs the multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication of disturbance rejection and anti-error code, during redundancy transmitting-receiving, each Bit data verify, the information of first clk cycle of each Bit data is as the zone bit starting reading, receive the information of second clk cycle as effective information, receive the 3rd, the information of four clk cycles is as verification, if the 3rd, the data of four clk cycles are identical with the data of second clk cycle, then communication is normal, if different, then communication failure.The data of third and fourth clk cycle described are different from the data of second clk cycle comprises following three kinds of situations: the data of (1) the 3rd clk cycle are identical with the data of second clk cycle, but the data of data second clk cycle of the 4th clk cycle are different; The data of (2) the 3rd clk cycles are different from the data of second clk cycle, but the data of data second clk cycle of the 4th clk cycle are identical; (3) data of third and fourth clk cycle are all different from the data of second clk cycle.This multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication ensure that electric-control system bit error ratio in the high speed communication situation of setting, close to zero, substantially increases the reliability and stability of electric-control system.
Above only describes groundwork of the present invention and preferred implementation, those skilled in the art can make many changes and improvements according to foregoing description, and these changes and improvements should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a module Intelligent Measurement and recognition methods, described module is the energy management equipment in electric-control system, described electric-control system is control system of electric automobile, it comprises master controller, 3N sub-controller and 3N energy management equipment, described energy management equipment comprises H-bridge unit, in parallel with H-bridge unit and as the input power of H-bridge unit battery pack and be connected with the battery in battery pack respectively and battery pack carried out to the battery management system BMS of balancing energy control, described battery pack comprises M the battery be cascaded, wherein M, N is respectively the integer being greater than 1, 3N energy management equipment forms first-phase group, second-phase group and third phase group be totally 3 groups mutually, each group mutually comprises N number of energy management equipment, N number of energy management equipment in each group is mutually by the H-bridge unit cascade in energy management equipment, each group mutually comprises two ports, described two ports comprise input port and output port, a port in two ports of first-phase group is connected to the U phase terminal of motor, another port is connected with a port in two ports of second-phase group and third phase group respectively, another port in two ports of second-phase group and third phase group is connected to V phase terminal and the W phase terminal of motor respectively, it is characterized in that: set respectively the weighting function of module temperature as the weighting function of k1, each module temperature difference be k2, the weighting function of module standardization voltage is k3, the weighting function of module standardization voltage difference is k4, the weighting function of inside modules monomer standardization voltage is k5, the weighting function of inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference is k6, if system nominal horsepower output is P
r, real output is P
o, described P
o=P
r× k1 × k2 × k3 × k4 × k5 × k6, it is as follows that the algorithm realizing module Intelligent Measurement and recognition methods comprises step:
(1) detect beginning, first carry out module temperature detection, it is how many for obtaining current module temperature, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k1, then carries out next step;
(2) carry out each module differential thermal calculation, it is how many for obtaining current each module temperature difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k2, then carries out next step;
(3) carry out module voltage and detect standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block standardization voltage, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k3, then carries out next step;
(4) carry out module voltage difference and calculate standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block standardization voltage difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k4, then carries out next step;
(5) carry out monomer voltage and detect standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block inner monomer standardization voltage, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k5, then carries out next step;
(6) carry out monomer voltage difference and calculate standardization process, it is how many for obtaining current block inner monomer standardization voltage difference, then adopts look-up table to obtain the value of k6, then carries out next step;
(7) according to formula P
o=P
r× k1 × k2 × k3 × k4 × k5 × k6 calculates real output;
(8) above-mentioned steps (1)-(7) are carried out successively in real time, often show that one takes turns real output, and then carry out next round.
2. module Intelligent Measurement according to claim 1 and recognition methods, is characterized in that: described k1, k2, k3, k4, k5 and k6 are weighting function curve or straight line, and value is [0,1].
3. module Intelligent Measurement according to claim 2 and recognition methods, it is characterized in that: when the value of any one in the module temperature obtained, each module temperature difference, module standardization voltage, module standardization voltage difference, inside modules monomer standardization voltage or inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference does not reach threshold value, its weighted value is 1; Run upper prescribing a time limit when the value of any one in the module temperature obtained, each module temperature difference, module standardization voltage, module standardization voltage difference, inside modules monomer standardization voltage or inside modules monomer standardization voltage difference reaches, its weighted value is 0.
4. module Intelligent Measurement according to claim 1 and recognition methods, it is characterized in that: master controller comprises DSP and FPGA, sub-controller comprises singlechip chip and FPGA/CPLD, master controller is used for realizing module Intelligent Measurement and recognizer, and sub-controller runs for execution algorithm Output rusults, drive motor and completes the sampling of temperature and voltage data simultaneously.
5. module Intelligent Measurement and recognition methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the communication of electric-control system comprises master control internal communication, communication between sub-control internal communication and main point; Communication between master control internal communication and DSP and FPGA, adopt asynchronous bus communication modes to transmit data, transfer rate is 8Mbtye/s; Sub-control internal communication and communication between singlechip chip and FPGA or CPLD, adopt asynchronous bus communication modes to transmit data, transfer rate is 80Kbtye/s; Between main point, communication adopts asynchronous serial optical fiber or Shielded Twisted Pair communication modes to transmit data, and transfer rate is 4Mbtye/s.
6. a multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication, it is characterized in that: each Bit data acquisition 4 clk cycle redundancies are received and dispatched, every frame data comprise start bit 1Bit, check bit 1Bit, PWM locking bit 1Bit, data bit 10Bit and stop bit 12Bit 25Bit i.e. 100 clk cycles altogether; During redundancy transmitting-receiving, each Bit data verify, the information of first clk cycle of each Bit data is as the zone bit starting reading, receive the information of second clk cycle as effective information, receive the information of third and fourth clk cycle as verification, if the data of third and fourth clk cycle are identical with the data of second clk cycle, then communication is normal, if different, then communication failure.
7. multichannel verification method for fault-tolerant communication according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the data of third and fourth clk cycle described are different from the data of second clk cycle comprises following three kinds of situations:
The data of (1) the 3rd clk cycle are identical with the data of second clk cycle, but the data of data second clk cycle of the 4th clk cycle are different;
The data of (2) the 3rd clk cycles are different from the data of second clk cycle, but the data of data second clk cycle of the 4th clk cycle are identical;
(3) data of third and fourth clk cycle are all different from the data of second clk cycle.
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Address after: 100176 room 402, block A, Tai Hao Intelligent Building, No. 3 Jinxiu street, Yizhuang economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing. Patentee after: BEIJING UNISON ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 100070 Room 403, 7 Kexing Road, Fengtai District, Beijing. Patentee before: BEIJING UNISON ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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