CN105406515B - The independent micro-grid of grading control - Google Patents
The independent micro-grid of grading control Download PDFInfo
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- CN105406515B CN105406515B CN201511025886.6A CN201511025886A CN105406515B CN 105406515 B CN105406515 B CN 105406515B CN 201511025886 A CN201511025886 A CN 201511025886A CN 105406515 B CN105406515 B CN 105406515B
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Classifications
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- H02J3/382—
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- H02J13/0013—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
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- H02J3/383—
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- H02J3/386—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of independent micro-grids of grading control, energize demand for region, based on the utilization of multiple renewable energy sources generation comprehensive, supplemented by combustion gas/fry dried food ingredients electricity, energy storage power generation.The power supply quality of distributed generation resource and the utilization efficiency of clean energy resource can be improved in the applicable independent micro-grid of the reality established based on this, reduces consumption and the environmental contaminants discharge of fossil resource；Enhance distributed power generation and receive ability, meet power demand steady in a long-term, avoid large area blackout, there is Applied D emonstration meaning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of power systems, and in particular to a kind of independent micro-grid of grading control.
Background technique
The fundamental research for reinforcing renewable energy integrated utilization technology energetically, promotes the extensive height of renewable energy
Imitating integrated utilization is current energy field great basic research problems urgently to be solved.According to local resources condition, reasonably select
It comprehensively utilizes multiple renewable energy sources (wind energy, solar energy, ocean energy, biomass energy, standby diesel engine etc.), composition distribution can
Renewable sources of energy power supply system constitutes microgrid, realizes independent operating or is incorporated into the power networks, is the master that renewable energy efficiently utilizes from now on
Want direction.
Microgrid is the important component of smart grid, and being one can be realized self-contr ol, protection and the autonomy of management
System.By reasonable electric energy management in microgrid, the control to power quality is realized, and control micro-capacitance sensor and public electric wire net
Between the permutable variation of electricity, overcome the problem of distributed power generation is easily mutated.Multi-energy complementation distributed micro-grid technology can be right
Micro-grid system realizes the Optimized Operation distribution, system effectiveness maximization, system safe and reliable operation of energy.At present to it is single can be again
Comparative maturity is studied in raw energy technology and its control, but relevant to the application of multiple renewable energy sources Integration ofTechnology and microgrid
Fundamental research problem, the optimization networking technology including distribution type renewable energy system micro-capacitance sensor, architecture, micro-capacitance sensor
Independence and be incorporated into the power networks control research, the energy management of micro-capacitance sensor and scheduling strategy, micro-capacitance sensor wireless telecommunications and long-range monitoring, it is micro-
Influence of the power grid to grid-connected system, frequency conversion, the change of current and the safeguard measure being adapted with Distributed Renewable Energy Power System
Equal researchs need to be strengthened investment, are asked with solving Distributed Renewable Energy Power System basic theory relevant to microgrid control
Topic promotes the extensive efficiently integrated application of renewable energy.
The maximum of system effectiveness may be implemented in renewable energy independent power station and its distributed power generation micro-grid system technology
Change, is one of the main direction of development that renewable energy efficiently utilizes from now on.It is not only able to solve far from power grid and some special
Power supply, the eco-energy project in rural development, highway signal and the illumination on regional (high mountain, island), power supply cost are high
Customer power supply etc., be alternatively arranged as effective supplement of main power grid, improve the safety and reliability of power transmission and transformation, reduce route electric energy
Loss, a piece of light of marketing application prospect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of independent micro-grid of grading control, energize demand for region, with it is a variety of can be again
The raw energy is (based on generation comprehensive utilization, supplemented by combustion gas/fry dried food ingredients electricity, energy storage power generation.The reality established based on this is applicable
The power supply quality of distributed generation resource and the utilization efficiency of clean energy resource can be improved in independent micro-grid, reduces the consumption of fossil resource
It is discharged with environmental contaminants；Enhance distributed power generation and receive ability, meets power demand steady in a long-term, avoid large-area power-cuts
Accident has Applied D emonstration meaning.
To achieve the above object, specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of independent micro-grid of grading control, including higher level's microgrid and several sub- microgrids；
Every sub- microgrid includes renewable energy power generation unit, energy storage device and load；
Renewable energy power generation unit and load are all connected to ac bus, and energy storage device is connected to DC bus, each
For sub- microgrid using bidirectional converter as the interface equipment with higher level's microgrid, it is micro- that three groups of terminals of bidirectional converter are separately connected son
The ac bus of net, the ac bus of higher level's microgrid, sub- microgrid energy storage device DC bus；
Sub- microgrid is under superior microgrid transmission mode, and sub- microgrid is according to the instruction superior microgrid of higher level's microgrid according to finger
Determine power conveying electric energy, while the electricity consumption inside sub- microgrid is powered by renewable energy power generation unit, works as renewable energy power generation
Power is greater than load and is taken, and extra electric energy will charge for energy storage device, when renewable energy power generation power is less than load institute
It takes, insufficient electric energy is supplemented by energy storage device；
Sub- microgrid in the case where obtaining power mode from higher level's microgrid, press according to the instruction of higher level's microgrid from higher level's microgrid by sub- microgrid
Electric energy is obtained according to specified power, renewable energy power generation power is greater than load and is taken in group microgrid, and extra electric energy will be
The energy storage device of sub- microgrid charges, and the electric energy obtained from higher level's microgrid will also charge for energy storage device, works as renewable energy power generation
Power is less than load and is taken, and insufficient electric energy notch relies on the electric energy supplement obtained from higher level's microgrid, while will also be according to confession
Electricity and electricity consumption situation are determined as energy storage device charge or discharge.
The independent micro-grid of grading control of the present invention, using two-step evolution structure, sub- microgrid using bidirectional converter as with it is upper
The interface equipment of grade micro-capacitance sensor, sub- microgrid bidirectional converter are run relative to inside sub- microgrid as a voltage source, determinant
The voltage of micro-capacitance sensor bus；Relative to higher level's microgrid in power transmission as a gird-connected inverter operation, micro- from higher level
Net is run when obtaining electric energy as a synchronous rectifier.To complete the transformation of electrical energy work between higher level's microgrid and sub- microgrid
Make, improves the power supply quality of distributed generation resource and the utilization efficiency of clean energy resource, reduce the consumption and environment of fossil resource
Pollutant emission；Enhance distributed power generation and receive ability, meets power demand steady in a long-term, avoid large area blackout,
With Applied D emonstration meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the independent micro-grid of grading control of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the main circuit topological structure of motor synchronizing bidirectional converter；
Fig. 3 is the main circuit topological structure of three port bidirectional converters；
The independent micro-grid energy management control flow chart of Fig. 4 grading control；
Fig. 5 is independent micro-grid intelligent scheduling control system architecture figure.
Specific embodiment
Below according to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The independent micro-grid of grading control of the present invention includes higher level's microgrid and several sub- microgrids.
Each microgrid in the present embodiment uses ac bus structure, as shown in Figure 1, all distributed generation resources, energy storage,
Load is all connected to 380V low-voltage bus bar, and is coupled by transformer with 10KV power transmission and transformation system.In structure, microgrid can be considered
It is made of main microgrid and several similar sub- microgrids, every sub- microgrid is all by renewable energy power generation unit (photovoltaic power generation, wind energy
Power generation etc.), energy storage device and load composition.This independent micro-grid allows there are multiple sub- microgrids under level-one microgrid, and sub- microgrid is logical
It crosses and controls its electric energy between higher level's microgrid and exchange, become a steady load of higher level's microgrid, facilitate the electric energy of higher level's microgrid
Scheduling.According to this framework, numerous small-sized micro-capacitance sensors can be integrated under one big micro-capacitance sensor frame, it theoretically can be unlimited
The dilatation of system.
Sub- microgrid is using bidirectional converter as the interface equipment with higher level's micro-capacitance sensor, three groups of terminals point of bidirectional converter
Other connexon micro-capacitance alternating current bus, higher level's micro-capacitance alternating current bus, energy storage device DC bus, the electric energy allotment between triple bus-bar
It is controlled completely by bidirectional converter.Sub- microgrid can be mainly divided into two kinds of operating modes, the first is micro- in sub- microgrid superior
It is run in the case where net power transmission, in such a mode, sub- microgrid is according to the instruction superior microgrid of higher level's microgrid according to specified power
Electric energy is conveyed, while the electricity consumption inside sub- microgrid is powered by renewable energy power generation, is born when renewable energy power generation power is greater than
Lotus is taken, and extra electric energy will charge for the energy storage device of sub- microgrid, needed for renewable energy power generation power is less than load
When, insufficient electric energy is supplemented by energy storage device.Second of operating mode, which is sub- microgrid internal electric energy, obtains electric energy from higher level's microgrid
The case where, in such a mode, sub- microgrid obtains electric energy, group according to specified power from higher level's microgrid according to the instruction of higher level's microgrid
Renewable energy power generation power is greater than load and is taken in microgrid, and extra electric energy will charge for the energy storage device of sub- microgrid, from
The electric energy that higher level's microgrid obtains will also charge for energy storage device.It is taken when renewable energy power generation power is less than load, it is insufficient
Electric energy notch rely on obtained from higher level's microgrid electric energy supplement, while will also according to power supply and electricity consumption situation be determined as energy storage dress
Set charge or discharge power.Sub- microgrid bidirectional converter is relative to, as a voltage source operation, determinant is micro- inside sub- microgrid
The voltage of power grid bus；Relative to higher level's microgrid in power transmission as the operation of gird-connected inverter, from higher level's microgrid
It is run when obtaining electric energy as a synchronous rectifier.
Distributed generation unit in independent micro-grid is with the power generation of photovoltaic generation unit, wind power generation unit and auxiliary diesel engine
Based on unit, supplemented by biomass fermentation electric unit and power generation with marine energy unit.Biomass power generation unit and power generation with marine energy unit
Real resource condition depending on microgrid addressing considers whether to access, and such as when there is the supply of enough biogas, can access marsh gas power generation list
Member, access way are to pass through generating set direct grid-connected；When close to there is the sufficiently large sea area using wave energy, it can access
Power generation with marine energy unit, access way are to be connect " hawk formula " wave energy apparatus by loading (battery) power supply transmission of electricity for bank formula
Enter microgrid.The allocation ratio of each renewable energy power generation unit, then be mainly considered as microgrid renewable energy power generation in microgrid
Preferred photovoltaic power generation and wind-power electricity generation determines wind according to practical weather conditions and photovoltaic power generation, the historical data of wind-power electricity generation
Power power generation and the installed capacity allocation ratio of photovoltaic power generation and the appropriate proportionate relationship of they and total installation of generating capacity.
Energy storage device in independent micro-grid is mainly the energy-type cells energy storage device such as battery, also it is contemplated that access is super
Capacitor, flywheel constant power type energy storage device are as auxiliary.
Load in independent micro-grid includes that the son of power load, Peak Load and the steady load as higher level's microgrid is micro-
Net:
1, power load according to its significance level can be divided into sensitive load, controllable burden and can cutting load, sensitive load wants
Seek continuous uninterrupted power supply, controllable burden when necessary can with interruption of power supply, can cutting load can cut off at any time；
2, Peak Load uses ice making/cold-storage Peak Load system, to cooperate regulating and controlling for electricity consumption for independent micro-grid, adapts to electricity
Stream load peak regulation needs.The system is mainly configured includes including ice machine, cooling by water tower and large-scale ice bank, control system
The operating parameter of each critical component shows, the optimization of operating parameters of whole system and fault alarm etc., and can by pair
Resident's production, energy for life demand are analyzed, and combine the operating parameter and many years weather statistical data of independent micro-grid,
Following cold storage capacity is effectively predicted, invalid cold-storage is thus sufficiently reduced, increases substantially the efficiency of cold accumulation system, it is whole
Power consumption reduces by 20% or more；
Electrical energy changer in independent micro-grid is mainly bidirectional converter.Microgrid is whole system with bidirectional converter
Key hardware device can work in inversion or rectification state according to networking and operation control needs, can be used to establish Voltage Reference
Signal and the two-way flow for realizing power, topological structure are as shown in Figure 2:
1, Fig. 2 is the main circuit topological structure of motor synchronizing bidirectional converter, and primary side is three single-phase full bridge circuits, secondary side
Using Y connection, filter inductance and output transformer are using integrated three magnetic pole core structures, it is ensured that in balance/imbalance,
Under linear/non-linear load, control output voltage, current waveform are good, and harmonic wave is few, easy to accomplish.
The control of current transformer is broadly divided into two parts, respectively locking phase control and voltage waveform control.A phase voltage is with reference to just
The phase angle difference of string table positive zero crossing and lock-out pulse rising edge carries out the periodic quantity of adjustment PWM wave after scale operation, realizes two
Person's zero phase error locking phase, b phase and c phase refer to voltage waveform and a phase voltage successively can be delayed 120 degree and 240 degree with reference to sine table
It arrives.
Common synchronization pulse is transmitted using optical fiber, each bidirectional converter is joined using common synchronization pulse as locking phase in micro-capacitance sensor
It examines, really realizes modularization, the distribution access of bidirectional converter.
Single machine and multi-machine parallel connection operation can be realized by the sharing control of bidirectional converter, expand power system capacity.
2, Fig. 3 is the main circuit topological structure of three port bidirectional converters, using inversion and rectifies two sets of separated main electricity
Road carries out secondary transformation to UPS inverter using four-quadrant high-power frequency conversion technology on the basis of traditional ups power, can be real
" the coupling link " of existing bidirectional converter two sides, makes the distributed generation unit of different frequency, different voltages grade pass through energy storage
Interconnection gets up, and receives upper layer scheduling so as to which microgrid is divided into the smaller sub- microgrid of scale；
The energy management of independent micro-grid uses two-step evolution structure.Top level control is according to the information received, reference distribution
The prediction of formula generator unit power output and load prediction results, consider the practical operation situation of current microgrid, are calculated and are formed by optimization
Control instruction；Bottom control mainly contains the control of generator unit, energy storage device management and load management.
1, generate electricity trend prediction, according to micro-capacitance sensor operating status, constantly corrects self-operating state, establishes expert system,
It applies fuzzy technology and BP neural network technology and prediction is proposed to the power of running photovoltaic plant, pre-estimate power generation function
The case where rate changes.Rational management power generation capacity, adequately utilizes solar energy resources, obtains more economic benefits and society's effect
Benefit.
2, load trend is predicted, according to influence of the factors such as weather, temperature, day type to load, applies fuzzy technology
Current loads are predicted.
3, the control of generator unit changes the working method of generator unit according to the control instruction of Energy Management System, adjusts
Save the power output of generator unit.Energy Management System adjusts the output characteristics of generator unit according to monitoring result, when load needs
Order generator unit increases output power or actuating section micro battery when asking increase；The order generator unit when workload demand is reduced
It reduces output power or close portion distributes electric unit.
4, the management of energy storage device, according to the charge and discharge of micro-capacitance sensor actual power and demand side management energy storage device, and
Management is measured in real time to the state-of-charge, health degree, security performance of energy storage device.
5, load management distributes the power output of micro battery according to payload, keeps micro battery power generation and load in micro-capacitance sensor
The balance of electricity consumption.General load is cut off when breaking down, it is ensured that the power supply of important load.
The control strategy of microgrid energy management takes "retain the large, release the small", and part control function is put into sub- microgrid or distribution
At formula power interface, sub- microgrid or distributed generation resource interface equipment is allowed to take the mode of " autonomy " on the spot, reduces and higher level is controlled
The dependence of system:
Under grid-connect mode, the voltage and frequency of microgrid are all determined by bulk power grid.Energy-storage system primarily serves balancing energy tune
Section effect, realizes the dynamic equilibrium of microgrid internal energy, maximally utilises renewable energy.Blower and photovoltaic etc. can be again at this time
Raw energy power generation is all made of PQ control (also referred to as power limitation control), carries out maximum power tracing.Specific strategy are as follows: when load is small
When renewable energy power generation output power summation in microgrid, charged by control energy accumulation current converter to battery, until electric power storage
Pond is full of, and microgrid just conveys extra electric energy to bulk power grid；Conversely, when load is greater than renewable energy power generation output work in microgrid
When rate summation, make electric power storage tank discharge by controlling energy accumulation current converter, until battery cannot continue to discharge, microgrid is just from bulk power grid
Absorb part electric energy.In addition, dependent on Dispatching Control System to the power of the instruction control and energy accumulation current converter of energy accumulation current converter
Two-way rapid adjustability, energy-storage system can also carry out the quick adjusting of power, it is renewable to efficiently reduce wind-powered electricity generation and photovoltaic etc.
The energy generates electricity influence of the fluctuation to bulk power grid and load of output power, thus guarantee power grid safe operation and load it is reliable
Power supply.
Grid-connect mode is different under island mode, the adjustment of power shortage and frequency must be single by power generation each in microgrid
Member, energy storage and control are to complete.Therefore to realize that optimal system economy, power supply reliability highest, energy storage distribution are optimal
Energy regulation goal, it is necessary to the feeder line trend in flexible modulation microgrid adjusts the voltage at each micro generation unit interface,
Guarantee the stability of voltage.Specific control flow such as Fig. 4 shows.Bidirectional converter is set as V/f mode first, establishes microgrid ginseng
Voltage and frequency are examined, at this moment energy is mainly provided by energy-storage system；Then wind-force and photovoltaic system is grid-connected, microgrid scheduling controlling
System enters background loop traffic control mode, constantly monitors generator unit output power (wind-force and photovoltaic system), load function
Rate.If generator unit output power is greater than bearing power, look first at whether fuel electric generator has been turned on, stops if starting
Its work.Continue to monitor, if bearing power is still greater than in generator unit output power, be charged to energy-storage system until reaching
Charging upper limit then starts tunable load later.On the contrary, if monitoring that generator unit output power is less than bearing power, it is first
First seeing if there is tunable load can cut off, and cut off it if having, if without starting energy storage system discharges, until reaching under electric discharge
Limit starts backup power source fuel electric generator later, to ensure that microgrid is powered.As a kind of emergency means, when into island mode,
If energy-storage system does not have enough electric energy to support important load, backup power source fuel electric generator can be set as to V/f mould
Formula establishes microgrid reference voltage and frequency.Later control is similar to the control under grid-connect mode, except that only protecting at this time
Important load power supply is demonstrate,proved, does not start general load.
Independent micro-grid intelligent scheduling control system, is monitored the operating status of microgrid whole system, and according to reality
Situation constitutes element to microgrid according to multi-objective coordinated control strategy and is controlled and managed.The system is advanced both at home and abroad in summary
Control & data acquisition system-based on designed and developed, ensure that the real-time of system, Suo Youmo using network technology
Block uses object-oriented programming method, and system is easy to maintain, and extension is convenient.System is completely free of to particular hardware platform
Dependence, support a variety of operating platforms such as WINDOWSNT/2000/XP/2003, configure convenient, flexible.Its overall structure such as Fig. 5
Shown, system main website layer includes database, SCADA, EMS, DA subsystem, and system substation layer includes distributed generation resource, energy storage list
Member, distribution network feeder, classification load and its related management equipment (such as piconet controller, measuring and controlling protective device).Main website layer and son
Layer of standing is communicated by 100/1000M optical fiber ring network.
(1) SCADA server
Have the function of primary processor and server, is issued for monitoring system data collection process, storage, distribution and order
Center.Server is the monitoring center of whole network again simultaneously.Server is generally dual-computer redundancy configuration.Primary server is real-time
It monitors every opening computer, shutdown, network failure in network and snoop results is broadcast in whole network, such network
Interior any computer can see the operating condition of whole network.The operation conditions of standby server monitors primary server, when
When primary server breaks down, standby server automatically becomes host, and the spatial database of active/standby server keeps unified, and can be manual
Carry out two-way data unification or backup.
(2) operator station
The primary human interface of automated system in standing, it is aobvious for figure and report display, logout and alarm condition
Show and inquire, the inquiry of equipment state and parameter, Operating Guideline and is assigned the formation of operation control command.Pass through operator
It stands, operator can be realized operation monitoring and the operation control of full institute's equipment.
(3) SFC support stands
System maintenance, the definition modification of achievable configuration database, system configuration figure are carried out for system manager
The definition of shape is modified, the work such as production modification and network operation, system diagnostics of report.
(4) other work stations (optional)
For the computer of each department such as chief, chief engineer, livelihood, electricity consumption, maintenance design, these computers can only monitoring system
Picture is run, cannot modify or send the orders such as remote control remote regulating to system.
(5) Communications Interface Unit
Communications Interface Unit, including remote station, communication front end processor etc., can be set by system requirements and networking model
Alternatively match.Active/standby front end processor stand-by heat each other, manual/auto switching.When the operation of two front end processors of definition, before first running
The machine for setting machine program is exactly main front end processor；Main front end processor completes all tasks to be completed of front end processor, and spare front end processor is fixed
Shi Yuzhu front end processor, carry out simple communication, listen to the operating status of main front end processor, for some reason with the communication of main front end processor
It interrupts, spare front end processor just rises to main front end processor (time of automatic switchover is not more than 30 seconds).Active/standby channel stand-by heat each other,
Manual/auto switching.
Communication front end processor then can be used for accessing each transformer station's integrated system, support Ethernet, serial communication port etc..Function
On, the information such as front end processor collection system analog quantity, switching value and electricity are connect after specification is converted and is handled with network interface
Enter system station level monitoring network, or with various Telecontrol Protocols, is transmitted by analog channel, digital channel or network to dispatching terminal
Letter.
(6) network equipment
System is using the network switch as network access device, and can also matching firewall, router, gateway etc., other set
It is standby.
The network equipment uses technical grade product, and cable uses super Category 5, Shielded twisted pair, optical fiber can also be used.
(7) satellite clock proofreads equipment
A set of GPS clock synchronization equipment is arranged in whole station, and GPS satellite 8 can be traced, and be switched on satellite capture time≤1min, antenna
Radio-frequency sensitivity is -170dB, feeder line 1.56GHZ, 0.4dB/m, RS-232C/RS422/485 >=4, clock synchronization error < 1ms.
Above-listed detailed description is illustrating for possible embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiment is not to limit this hair
Bright the scope of the patents, all equivalence enforcements or change without departing from carried out by the present invention, is intended to be limited solely by the scope of the patents of this case.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of independent micro-grid of grading control, which is characterized in that
Including higher level's microgrid and several sub- microgrids；
Every sub- microgrid includes renewable energy power generation unit, energy storage device and load；
Renewable energy power generation unit and load are all connected to ac bus, and energy storage device is connected to DC bus, and every height is micro-
For net using bidirectional converter as the interface equipment with higher level's microgrid, three groups of terminals of bidirectional converter are separately connected sub- microgrid
Ac bus, the ac bus of higher level's microgrid, sub- microgrid energy storage device DC bus；
Sub- microgrid is under superior microgrid transmission mode, and sub- microgrid is according to the instruction superior microgrid of higher level's microgrid according to specified function
Rate conveys electric energy, while the electricity consumption inside sub- microgrid is powered by renewable energy power generation unit, when renewable energy power generation power
It being taken greater than load, extra electric energy will charge for energy storage device, it is taken when renewable energy power generation power is less than load,
Insufficient electric energy is supplemented by energy storage device；
Sub- microgrid is in the case where obtaining power mode from higher level's microgrid, and sub- microgrid is according to the instruction of higher level's microgrid from higher level's microgrid according to finger
Determine power and obtain electric energy, renewable energy power generation power is greater than load and is taken in group microgrid, and extra electric energy will be micro- for son
The energy storage device of net charges, and the electric energy obtained from higher level's microgrid will also charge for energy storage device, when renewable energy power generation power
Taken less than load, insufficient electric energy notch rely on obtained from higher level's microgrid electric energy supplement, while will also according to power supply and
Electricity consumption situation is determined as energy storage device charge or discharge；
Renewable energy power generation unit is raw based on photovoltaic generation unit, wind power generation unit and auxiliary diesel engine generator unit
Supplemented by substance generator unit and power generation with marine energy unit；
Energy storage device is based on battery, supplemented by super capacitor and flywheel；
Load includes the sub- microgrid of power load, Peak Load and the steady load as higher level's microgrid；
The energy management of independent micro-grid uses two-step evolution structure: top level control is according to the information received, reference distribution formula hair
The prediction of electric unit power output and load prediction results, consider the practical operation situation of current microgrid, are calculated by optimization and form control
Instruction；Bottom control mainly contains the control of generator unit, energy storage device management and load management:
Under grid-connect mode, when load is less than renewable energy power generation output power summation in microgrid, by controlling energy storage unsteady flow
Device charges to battery, and until battery is full of, microgrid just conveys extra electric energy to bulk power grid；Conversely, when load is greater than micro-
Net in renewable energy power generation output power summation when, by control energy accumulation current converter make electric power storage tank discharge, until battery not
It can continue to discharge, microgrid just absorbs part electric energy from bulk power grid；
Under island mode, bidirectional converter is set as V/f mode first, establishes microgrid reference voltage and frequency, at this moment energy
Mainly provided by energy-storage system；Then wind-force and photovoltaic system is grid-connected, microgrid Dispatching Control System enters background loop scheduling
Operating mode constantly monitors generator unit output power, bearing power；
If generator unit output power is greater than bearing power, look first at whether fuel electric generator has been turned on, stops if starting
Only its work；Continue to monitor, if bearing power is still greater than in generator unit output power, be charged to energy-storage system until reaching
To charging upper limit, then start tunable load later；
If monitoring that generator unit output power is less than bearing power, seeing if there is tunable load first can be cut off, if having
It is then cut off, if starting energy storage system discharges without if, until reaching electric discharge lower limit, starts backup power source oil-fired power generating later
Machine, to ensure that microgrid is powered.
2. the independent micro-grid of grading control according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Bidirectional converter is three port bidirectional converters or accumulation energy type motor synchronizing bidirectional converter；
Bidirectional converter is run relative to inside sub- microgrid as a voltage source, the voltage of determinant micro-capacitance sensor bus；Relatively
It is same as one when obtaining electric energy from higher level's microgrid as a gird-connected inverter operation higher level's microgrid is in power transmission
Walk rectifier operation.
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| CN105743081A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-06 | 华北电力大学 | On-line energy dispatching method of community level DC microgrid group |
| CN105914886B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2019-01-22 | 李宁 | A kind of distributed energy cloud networking intelligent control method and system |
| CN106300419A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 天津天大求实电力新技术股份有限公司 | A kind of new forms of energy microgrid energy storage control system |
| CN106786730B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-04-30 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of novel microgrid topological structure for extensive electric car |
| CN107453392B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-11-13 | 国网山东省电力公司荣成市供电公司 | Distributed energy power grid system and management method |
| CN108306338B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-03-08 | 广东技术师范学院 | A kind of modular microfluidic power grid and its a few days ago method of energy-optimised scheduling |
| CN108736345A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-02 | 河南城建学院 | A kind of multi-energy complementation mobile power vehicle device |
| CN110011304B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2023-01-03 | 国网山西省电力公司大同供电公司 | Self-optimization routing system for switch networking planning |
| CN110556817B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-01-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Direct-current micro-grid system and control method thereof |
| CN112994076A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | SOFC combined heat and power microgrid |
| CN111181248A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-19 | 南京佳得振隆新能源汽车有限公司 | New forms of energy intelligence power supply system |
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