CN105393986B - A method of the parasitic wasp of release Chilo spp larvae - Google Patents
A method of the parasitic wasp of release Chilo spp larvae Download PDFInfo
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- CN105393986B CN105393986B CN201510676426.3A CN201510676426A CN105393986B CN 105393986 B CN105393986 B CN 105393986B CN 201510676426 A CN201510676426 A CN 201510676426A CN 105393986 B CN105393986 B CN 105393986B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method of parasitic wasp for discharging Chilo spp larvae, it is characterized in that, this method include provide it is a kind of discharge parasitic wasp device include: take the 10 mesh meshes of both ends of bee body nylon grenadine (90) cover, effectively take bee span access location length be 20cm, width 10-12cm；Several lucite pipes (20) for having bee cocoon are placed in bee body body taking, and are located on floating body wherein taking bee body.Successfully realize that scale discharges the parasitic wasp of a large amount of Chilo spp larvaes, considerably reduces artificial investment, improves the release efficiency of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoon by means of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of insect feeding, for indoor continuous collection Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp and field adaptability
The new method of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp.
Background technique
With the adjustment and higher economic benefit of agricultural structure, the important way that wild rice stem has become farmer richness is planted
Diameter.There is large stretch of plantation wild rice stem in many rice regions, and wild rice stem field has become the non-rice habitat most closely related with paddy field.Rice and
Wild rice stem flower arrangement cropping pattern results in the occurring and damage of pest and more complicates, and brings and many newly asks to control of insect work
Topic.Striped rice borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker) belongs to Lepidoptera Lepidoptera Pyralidae Pyralidae, becomes completely
State class insect.Be rice, wild rice stem production in important brill moth, polyphagous pest-insect, seriously jeopardize the safety of China's rice and wild rice stem
Production.In recent years, due to the shadow of the factors such as the plantation of host plant large area, Variety renewal, cropping system change and climate change
It rings, Striped Rice Borer Population quantity is in quick rise trend.Currently, depending on physical control (property information to the prevention and treatment of striped rice borer
Element, light trap), biological control (release natural enemy, farmland intercropping animal) and higher effective and lower toxic pesticide prevent and treat.
Bread is the staff of life, eats with An Weixian.In the epoch for advocating environmental protection, health and green food, people prefer to pass through
Guarantee the safe high yield and high quality of crops using the Natural control action of pest natural enemy.Therefore, biological control of insect pests has been developed
It is also more aobvious urgent to the bio-control method of striped rice borer at inexorable trend.The emphasis of striped rice borer biological control be Sustainable use from
Right natural enemy, especially striped rice borer parasitic wasp.As the advantage parasite of China's Chilo spp larvae, apantelis falvipes
Apanteles flavipes (Zheng permitted pine etc., 2003), Trichogramma Trichogramma japonicum (Guo Huifang etc.,
2002), Apanteles Apanteles chilonis and Eriborus sinicus Eriborus terebrans (Han Yongqiang
Deng 2009), snout moth's larva Chelonus Chelonus munakatae (Ding Nan, 2012) striped rice borer field population dynamic is played it is important
Control action (Jiang Ming magnitude, 1999；Kazuo et al., 1974), artificial to discharge parasitic wasp and prevent and treat rice, wild rice stem striped rice borer
One of important measures as this two kinds of crop striped rice borer green prevention and control technologies.Therefore, two are collected and discharged in rice field, wild rice stem field
The parasitic wasp for changing snout moth's larva larva, the natural sneak case for investigating parasitic wasp are particularly important.
The requirement that striped rice borer carries out effective biological control work is needed in the Chilo spp larvae stage of development and is largely posted
Raw bee.And to reach such requirement, guarantee the validity, timeliness and specific aim of biological control, it is necessary to be received on a large scale
Collect Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoon, effectively prevents the mesh of Chilo spp larvae so that the parasitic wasp gone out in proper moment cocoon-break reaches
's.Currently, related Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp, which is collected, is related to 1 document: Chinese biological prevention and treatment, 2011,26 (supplementary issues): 1-7, it is small
The simple and effective improvement of type parasitic wasp acquisition method and Guizhou paddy field parasitic bee new record, Long Jiankun, Luo Qinghuai, busy Ding Ze, stone
Celebrating type, Pan Shengbo mention all kinds of parasitic wasps of net collection, when each net is caught with net after size about 2m × 2m is come flyback 3 times, use
Hand clutches the middle part of net；The lower half portion that hand pinches net is all put；Rice field lifts immediately after soaking, and first wing has been soaked after unclamping hand
It is wet but still taken out in the large-scale parasitoids creeped, then net bottom is routed up, the full content for the lower half portion that hand is pinched
Object is put into the clear water of white dissecting pan.
But the lengthy and tedious complexity of work, the collection difficulty of the above field acquisition parasitic wasp are larger, not only take considerable time, but also
The wing of large-scale parasitic wasp is once got wet, it is difficult to take off, bee effect is put in influence；It is difficult to move after small-sized parasitic wasp is wetted or easy quilt
It is drowned, it seriously affects screening and puts bee effect.The living body parasitic wasp quantity that these above-mentioned methods are collected into practice is seldom, nothing
Method guarantees that field discharges on a large scale.Therefore, the problem in the collection of urgent need to resolve Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp is big to carry out
It collects, discharge in scale field.
In order to sufficiently excavate the biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion efficiency of parasitic wasp, guarantee the validity, timeliness and specific aim of biological control, it is necessary to
Efficient and easy parasitic wasp release tech is improved, so that parasitic wasp sprouts wings in proper moment, reaches and effectively prevents striped rice borer children
The purpose of worm.Currently, related Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp release is related to 2 documents: first, plant protection, 2001,27 (4):
45-46, Trichogramma chilonis prevents and treats the research of rice-stem borer, and Dong Benchun, Li Xiaoguang, Gao Deyu, Zhang Fuman are mentioned blocking bee and be used
Staple is fixed on 1/2 sheet playing card, then playing card both ends are pegged, and playing card is lived with the linear system for being about 10.0cm, in field
Rice stem borer occurs that cotton rope set is hung on rice leaf when beginning peak period starts.Second, agriculture university library periodical, 2011,1 (1): 28-
30, rice field discharges Trichogramma confusum prevention and treatment generation striped rice borer and studies, Hang Delong, Jiao Zhaowen, Zhao Youwen, Yang Xuewen, Xia Biwen,
Sun Wei mentions overwinter generation striped rice borer moth appearance peak period and manually discharges Trichogramma confusum, and trichogramma card is sew on disposable
The inside bottom of cup, cotton thread are pierced by from bottom of cups, and rim of a cup is downward, are suspended on bamboo pole, and rim of a cup is at the top of rice leaf
10.0~20.0cm.
Although the release tech of above-mentioned striped rice borer parasitic wasp has achieved a degree of progress, parasitic wasp field adaptability
In the process, there is no break through external factor (such as complicated weather conditions include typhoon, heavy rain) parasitic wasp is caused to discharge process
The bottleneck of middle death.Therefore, it needs to develop the method that the novel field of one kind manually discharges striped rice borer parasitic wasp, reduces Artificial Release
Put the awkward situation that parasitic wasp causes parasitic wasp mortality in the process.The mode of artificial release striped rice borer parasitic wasp is red to hang at present
Based on the ovum cards of parasitic wasps such as eye bee, parasitic striped rice borer ovum, delivery mode is usually sticked on field plant blade or is sticked to slotting
Enter on moso bamboo pole in farmland.Due to rainy, high wind or solar exposure, mortality before causing parasitic wasp to go out bee, parasitism effect
Fruit is remarkably decreased.
For this purpose, this just needs to improve collection striped rice borer parasitic wasp and release parasitic wasp, to improve control efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For scale, the easy for solving the problems, such as the collection of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoon, we invent one using thoroughly
Bright plastic suction pipe new method that is quick, easy, efficiently collecting Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoon, it is successfully real using this method
A large amount of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoons are collected in existing scale, considerably reduce artificial investment, improve Chilo spp larvae parasitism
The collection efficiency of bee cocoon.
On the one hand, provide a kind of low cost, quickly, new method that is easy, efficiently collecting Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp and new
Raising Chilo spp larvae device.
On the one hand, the device for raising Chilo spp larvae is provided, which includes: colorless and transparent raising box,
The bottom of box includes filter paper, wherein kind is implanted with rice seedling or is placed with fresh wild rice stem block on filter paper, described
Gauze screen is placed on rice seedling or on wild rice stem block, more transparent plastic suction pipes are placed on gauze screen.
It preferably, include moisture on filter paper.
In some preferred modes, the raising box is colorless and transparent 16L rectangular plastic magazine, wherein growing: wide: high
=46.0cm:33.0cm:16.0cm.Preferably, the length of the transparent plastic suction pipe: diameter=19.0cm:0.8cm.It is excellent
Choosing, uniformly sowing has 4-5 centimetres high of rice seedling on the filter paper.Preferably, gauze screen is 16 mesh, long: wide=
21.0cm:13.0cm。
In some preferred modes, the device further includes black cloth and white plastic disk, lIt is long×wIt is wide×hIt is high=
31.0cm×22.7cm×4.2cm。
Preferably, which further includes muffling box cover with one layer of black cloth, while the area on insect box top 1/2 is covered with black cloth
Domain (i.e. 1/2 region of insect box height).
In some preferred modes, the device further include: support worm frame, (lIt is long×wIt is wide×hIt is high=128.5cm ×
50.0cm × 2.0cm, is divided into 3 layers, interlamellar spacing 1.0m, on every layer of bottom plate and equips 3 40 watts of fluorescent tube, access timing
Device control, which is turned on light, turns off the light.Preferably, the interlayer for supporting worm frame installs a thickness glass partition (l additionalIt is long×wIt is wide×hIt is high=128.0cm ×
50.0cm × 1.0cm), to place larva raising bottle, daylight is made only to irradiate insect box base portion.Since larva has phototaxis,
Light attracts larva toward the activity of insect box bottom and feeding through glass partition.
Preferably, larva raising condition: it is indoor with airconditioning control temperature for 28 ± 1 DEG C, the photoperiod is 16h illumination, 8h black
Secretly, relative humidity 90% or so.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of method for raising Chilo spp larvae to collect their parasitic wasp cocoon, the party
Method includes:
The raising device of Chilo spp larvae before providing, which includes colorless and transparent raising box, in box
Bottom include to inhale to have the filter paper of moisture, wherein kind is implanted with rice seedling or fresh wild rice stem block on filter paper, described
Gauze screen is placed on rice seedling or on wild rice stem block, more transparent plastic suction pipes are placed on gauze screen.
Preferably, the method for breeding of rice-stem borer larva sequentially includes the following steps: the larva that will be stripped and is randomly divided into 3
Group, every group 80,80,100 larvas；Each insect box bottom spreads a filter paper, sows rice thereon, grows to 4-5 to rice seedlings
The striped rice borer 4-6 instar larvae that random access strips after centimetre height, allows its natural feeding；Same insect box is accessed with instar larvae
In；Insect box lid is covered, muffles box cover with one layer of black cloth, while covering the region on insect box top 1/2, i.e. insect box with black cloth
1/2 region of height；Suitable quantity of water is added in insect box daily so as to moisturizing；Parasitoid larva is nibbled in observation plastic suction pipe daily
It cocoons outside pin main body out situation.
Preferably, the method for breeding of wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae sequentially includes the following steps: the larva that will be stripped and is randomly divided into 3
Group, every group 80,80,100 larvas；In the striped rice borer 4-6 instar larvae that wild rice stem block side wall random access strips by its natural feeding；
It is accessed in same insect box with instar larvae；Gauze screen is placed above wild rice stem block, placed above each gauze screen more it is transparent
Plastic suction pipe covers insect box lid, muffles box cover with one layer of black cloth, while the region on insect box top 1/2 is covered with black cloth, i.e.,
1/2 region of insect box height；Suitable quantity of water is added in insect box daily so as to moisturizing；Parasitic wasp in observation plastic suction pipe daily
Larva nibbles out situation of cocooing outside pin main body；
Preferably, wherein the method for breeding of rice-stem borer larva sequentially includes the following steps:
The larva stripped is randomly divided into 3 groups, every group 80,80,100 larvas；Each insect box bottom spreads a filter paper,
Rice is sowed thereon, and the striped rice borer 4-6 instar larvae that random access strips after rice seedlings grow to 4-5 centimetres of height allows it to take naturally
Food；It is accessed in same insect box with instar larvae；Insect box lid is covered, muffles box cover with one layer of black cloth, while being covered with black cloth
The region (i.e. 1/2 region of insect box height) on insect box top 1/2.Gauze screen is placed on rice seedlings, on each gauze screen
Side places plastic suction pipe 40, length: diameter=19.0cm:0.8cm.Suitable quantity of water is added in insect box daily to protect
Wet, parasitoid larva is nibbled out and cocoons situation (Fig. 1, Fig. 3) outside pin main body in observation plastic suction pipe daily；
Preferably, this method further includes the method for breeding of wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae, wherein carrying out as follows:
The larva stripped is randomly divided into 3 groups, every group 80,80,100 larvas.Raise the insect box lid of wild rice stem striped rice borer
4 layers of gauze are spread in bottom, pad a filter paper thereon；9 sections of fresh wild rice stem blocks are placed above filter paper.In wild rice stem block side wall random access
The striped rice borer 4-6 instar larvae stripped is by its natural feeding.It is accessed in same insect box with instar larvae.Iron is placed above wild rice stem block
Gauze places 40 transparent plastic suction pipes (length: diameter=19.0cm:0.8cm) above each gauze screen, covers insect box
Lid, muffles box cover with one layer of black cloth, while region (i.e. 1/2nd area of insect box height on insect box top 1/2 is covered with black cloth
Domain).Suitable quantity of water is added in insect box daily so as to moisturizing, observes parasitoid larva in plastic suction pipe daily and nibble out outside pin main body
Situation of cocooing (Fig. 2,3).
On the other hand, method of the invention further includes the side that rice-stem borer or wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp are collected
Method, wherein sequentially including the following steps: (1) takes a white plastic disk, bottom spreads the black cloth of one layer with same size of trying to get to the heart of a matter；(2)
Black cloth insect box will be thrown off covered raises insect box lid, and observation parasitoid larva nibbles out situation of cocooing outside pin main body, and range estimation is fixed
Position parasitic wasp cocoon position (Fig. 4)；(3) plastic suction pipe for having parasitic wasp cocoon is carefully pressed from both sides out with tweezers, is put in white
In vinyl disc；(4) according to parasitic wasp cocoon position, suction pipe is carefully clamped, is put by the side with tweezers as far as possible along no bee cocoon
In on the black cloth in white plastic disk.(5) parasitic wasp cocoon number, striped rice borer in every suction pipe is recorded to pupate several and Chilo spp larvae quilt
Parasitic number chooses striped rice borer pupa and by larva dead after parasitism, only retains parasitic wasp cocoon.(6) releasing according to field parasitic wasp
Needs and release time are put, is temporarily placed on parasitic wasp cocoon in the clean insect box for being covered with damp gauze, tool ventilation mouth is covered
Box cover is placed on 4 DEG C of refrigerators and saves.
Herein it should be noted that some are laid eggs by parasitic wasp from the Chilo spp larvae grown naturally that field is collected
(one or more ovum) is parasitic, some do not have then.If Chilo spp larvae is raised by the device of the invention, by hair
It educates and pupates, show Chilo spp larvae not by parasitic wasp parasitism；It cannot if by the Chilo spp larvae of parasitic wasp parasitism
It pupates and one or bull parasitic wasp can be generated.The inventive method can also study the practical parasitic rate in parasitic wasp field and parasitic wasp
Pests occurrence rule.
Preferably, this method further includes striped rice borer worm sources acquisition method: rice-stem borer and wild rice stem striped rice borer are picked up from respectively
The overwintering larva of Yuyao City Radix Notoginseng town paddy field and the Hangzhou Yuhang District town Chong Xian wild rice stem field.When acquisition, it will have overwintering
The rice rice stub and wild rice stem stubble of larva are taken back in insectary.Whole larva (the i.e. rice-stem borers that will be stripped in rice rice stub
Larva) and wild rice stem stubble in all larvas (i.e. wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae) for stripping separate individually raising.In field, acquisition comes
In the larva of these rice-stem borers and wild rice stem striped rice borer, some larvas may be by parasitic wasp parasitism, some may then not have
By parasitic wasp parasitism, method for breeding through the invention can accurately be collected into parasitic wasp and its parasitic rate letter of Chilo spp larvae
Breath.
On the other hand, for solve the problems, such as Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp field adaptability efficiently, easy, we invent one
Using transparent plastic suction pipe, covering lid and take quick, easy, efficiently release Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp the new side of bee body progress
Method is successfully realized that scale discharges a large amount of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasps using this method, considerably reduces artificial investment, mention
The high release efficiency of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp.
On the one hand, object of the present invention is to provide a kind of inexpensive, quick, easy, efficient release Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp
Device, the device include: (1) circular covering lid (100) and it is circular take bee body (200) (Fig. 5), covering lid and take bee body
Between contacted with iron wire (500), covering lid is made with transparent plastic sheet with bee body is taken；One side of covering lid with take bee body
It is fixed, the bottom of covering lid (100) and bee body (200) is taken into 30 degree of angles；Take the nylon grenadine of the 10 mesh meshes of both ends of bee body
(90) cover, effectively take bee span access location length be 20cm, width 10-12cm；Several are placed in bee body body with bee cocoon taking
Lucite pipe (20)；(2) floating material (300)；It entirely takes bee body (200) to stick on floating material surface, floats material
Length, width and the height of material are respectively 250-300mm, 150-180mm and 80-100mm (Fig. 6).It takes bee body and adheres to floating
After material, the steadily of centre of gravity of whole device is swum on the water surface.Preferably, taking bee body may be configured to accommodate transparent modeling
Expects pipe is limited, the parasitic wasp cocoon collected in plastic tube with the method for the present invention.
On the other hand, this hair provides a kind of inexpensive, quick, easy, efficiently release Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp new side
Method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Using the parasitic wasp cocoon of the rice-stem borer larva and wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae that are collected into, it is parasitic to carry out field adaptability
Bee test, specific method sequentially include the following steps:
1, a kind of parasitic wasp release device is provided, which includes: (1) circular covering lid (100) and circular take bee
Body (200) (Fig. 5), covering lid and taking are contacted between bee body with iron wire, covering lid and take bee body with transparent plastic sheet production and
At；One side of covering lid is fixed with bee body is taken, and the bottom (100) of covering lid and takes bee body (200) into 30 degree of angles；Take the two of bee body
Hold 10 mesh meshes nylon grenadine (90) cover, effectively take bee span access location length be 20cm, width 10-12cm；Taking bee body
Several lucite pipes (20) for having bee cocoon are placed in vivo；(2) floating material (300)；Entirely bee body (200) is taken to stick in
On floating material surface, length, width and the height of floating material are respectively 250-300mm, 150-180mm and 80-100mm
(Fig. 6).It takes after bee body adheres to floating material, the steadily of centre of gravity of whole device is swum on the water surface.
Preferably, the design of parasitic wasp release device is as follows:
In order to effectively avoid sunlight and rainwater from influencing parasitic wasp survival and sprout wings, the parasitic wasp release container of design is two
Part: 1) circular covering lid and it is circular take bee body (Fig. 5), contacted between the two with iron wire, covering lid is used with bee body is taken
Transparent plastic sheet is made.One side of covering lid is fixed with bee body is taken, and the bottom of covering lid and takes bee body into 30 degree of angles.2) it floats
Floating material.Take the 10 mesh meshes of both ends of bee body nylon grenadine covering, effectively take bee span access location length be 20cm, width 10-
12cm.Entirely bee body is taken to stick on floating material surface, length, width and the height respectively 250-300mm of floating material,
150-180mm and 80-100mm (Fig. 6).It takes after bee body adheres to floating material, the steadily of centre of gravity of whole device swims in the water surface
On.
2, field adaptability technology:
The preparation of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp: respectively acquire Zhejiang Province, Radix Notoginseng town, Yuyao City paddy field Chilo spp larvae and
The Hangzhou Yuhang District town Chong Xian wild rice stem field Chilo spp larvae, during raising Chilo spp larvae, parasitoid larva nibbles out host
It cocoons, collects parasitic wasp cocoon (Fig. 7) in vitro, it is spare.
Release device field aligning method: the parasitic wasp container of release in the ranks along paddy field and wild rice stem field, every piece of field release
The quantity of parasitic wasp container depends on the area of field, determines burst size according to striped rice borer occurrence degree.
Release period: period and its later weather condition feelings are occurred according to rice-stem borer and wild rice stem rice stem borer
Condition predicts the generation period on striped rice borer oviposition date, egg hatching date and 3 instar larvaes, discharges and post before 3 instar larvae occurance peaks
Raw bee container.
Beneficial effect
The beneficial effect of the method for raising and collection Chilo spp larvae or Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp embodies following several sides
Face: (1), the method for above-mentioned collection Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoon extremely efficiently, it is easy, it is easy to operate, save the time.A piece suction
Pipe can accommodate tens parasitic wasp cocoons, clamp plastic suction pipe with tweezers when as long as collecting bee cocoon.(2), using plastics
Suction pipe collects the mode of parasitic wasp cocoon, this is the raising that this research group proposes and collection parasitic wasp innovative approach.On the one hand it moulds
Expect the morphosis of suction pipe not only simulated rice stem, but also its both ends is unobstructed, there is good gas permeability and ventilation effect, because
This, had not only been able to maintain humidity needed for microenvironment in plastic suction pipe, but also plastic suction pipe can be made to be unlikely to overly moist, and had led to parasitoid larva
With bee cocoon " drowned "；On the other hand, the plastics of " spaciousness " can be pierced smoothly by the Chilo spp larvae of parasitic wasp parasitism
Suction pipe is cocoond outside pin main body to be conducive to parasitoid larva and nibble out.In nature, since the hidden feeding of Chilo spp larvae is in posting
In main plant stem, stem sheath；Tended to pierce hidden place by parasitic larva, therefore it is difficult to collect Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp
Degree is big, and has blindness.Indoors under rearing conditions, indoor light only irradiates insect box base portion, and insect box lid is hacked in addition
Cloth covers, and becomes plastic suction pipe good hidden；Meanwhile other places of cocooing relative to parasitoid larva, plastics
Suction pipe due to transparent can quickly, be accurately positioned parasitic wasp cocoon position, thus reduce because blindly seek bee cocoon bring it is unnecessary
Potential mechanical damage.These above-mentioned factors make parasitoid larva selection cocoon in plastic suction pipe inner wall.(3), above-mentioned collection side
Method can specify the dominant species of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp in field different niches (such as rice field and wild rice stem field), naturally parasitism
Parasitic wasp number, the percentage of pupation of Chilo spp larvae and the female and male ratio of pupa of rate, every Chilo spp larvae parasitism.(4), plastics are inhaled
It manages very light and can recycle.Therefore, this method can not only save material, reduce cost, and substantially increase
The efficiency of parasitic wasp cocoon is collected, convenient for operation.
In addition, having the beneficial effect that about release: (1) parasitic wasp survival rate is high.Since plastic suction pipe both ends are unobstructed, thoroughly
Gas and ventilation effect are good, have both been able to maintain humidity needed for microenvironment in plastic suction pipe, and can also observe the developmental state of parasitic wasp,
It can guarantee that parasitic wasp climbs out of the plastic suction pipe of " spaciousness " smoothly again, so that unnecessary mechanical wounding and death are avoided,
Improve the survival rate of parasitic wasp.(2) method for releasing is easy, efficient.Plastic suction pipe is very light and can recycle, not only
Material can be saved, cost is reduced, and substantially increases the efficiency of release parasitic wasp.(3) release place is flexible.Due to the release
Device swims in the water surface, mobile by wind-force, can reach farther region.
Detailed description of the invention
The collection mode of Fig. 1 rice-stem borer parasitized larvae bee cocoon.
The collection mode of Fig. 2 wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoon.
Placement mode of Fig. 3 plastic suction pipe in insect box.
The pattern of rows and columns of Fig. 4 Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoon in plastic suction pipe.
Fig. 5: the sectional view of release device of the present invention；
Fig. 6: the perspective view of release device of the present invention；
Fig. 7: pattern of rows and columns schematic diagram of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp cocoon of the invention in plastic suction pipe.
Specific embodiment
Test example 1: rice-stem borer and the collection of wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp and parasitic rate investigation
Test period: on June 10,1 day to 2015 April in 2015
Test site: Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science plant protection and institute of microbiology's plant protection engineering experiment room.
Test borer population: rice and wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae are 520 total.
The acquisition of 1.1 striped rice borer worm sources: rice-stem borer and wild rice stem striped rice borer pick up from Zhejiang Province, Radix Notoginseng town, Yuyao City respectively
The overwintering larva of paddy field and the Hangzhou Yuhang District town Chong Xian wild rice stem field.When acquisition, the rice rice stub of Overwintering Larvae will be had
And wild rice stem stubble takes back in insectary (may be by parasitic wasp parasitism in these larvas, it is also possible to not by parasitic wasp parasitism).It will
The whole larvas (i.e. rice-stem borer larva) stripped in rice rice stub and all larvas (the i.e. wild rice stem two stripped in wild rice stem stubble
Change snout moth's larva larva) individually raising is separated, with the following method.
The structure and design (as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2) of 1.2 Chilo spp larvaes raising box:
Colorless and transparent 16L rectangular plastic magazine 40 (long: wide: height=46.0cm:33.0cm:16.0cm).
Transparent plastic suction pipe 20 (length: diameter=19.0cm:0.8cm), 40, each box, such as the rice two of Fig. 1
Change the breeding apparatus of the breeding apparatus of snout moth's larva and the wild rice stem striped rice borer of Fig. 2.
Rice seedlings 30, filter paper 10 (long: wide=23.0cm:15.0cm), black cloth.
Gauze screen 60 (16 mesh, long: wide=21.0cm:13.0cm).
White plastic disk (lIt is long×wIt is wide×hIt is high=31.0cm × 22.7cm × 4.2cm).
Support worm frame: (lIt is long×wIt is wide×hIt is high=128.5cm × 50.0cm × 2.0cm), it is divided into 3 layers, interlamellar spacing 1.0m, every layer
On bottom plate and 3 40 watts of fluorescent tube is equipped, access Timer Controlling, which is turned on light, turns off the light.Interlayer installs a thickness glass partition additional
(lIt is long×wIt is wide×hIt is high=128.0cm × 50.0cm × 1.0cm), to place larva raising bottle, daylight is made only to irradiate insect box base
Portion.Since larva has phototaxis, light attracts larva toward the activity of insect box bottom and feeding through glass partition.
1.3 raising farms: the people of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science plant protection and institute of microbiology's plant protection engineering experiment room
Work climatic chamber.
1.4 larva raising conditions: with airconditioning control temperature for 28 ± 1 DEG C, the photoperiod is 16h illumination, 8h dark, phase for interior
To humidity 90% or so.
1.5. the method for breeding of rice-stem borer larva sequentially includes the following steps:
The larva stripped is randomly divided into 3 groups, every group 80,80,100 larvas.Each 40 bottom of insect box spreads a filter
Paper 10 sows rice 30 thereon, grows to the striped rice borer 4-6 instar larvae that 4 days random access strip to rice seedlings, it is allowed to take naturally
Food.It is accessed in same insect box with instar larvae.One block of gauze screen 60 is placed above rice seedling, and 40 are placed above gauze screen
Root transparent plastic suction pipe 20 (length: diameter=19.0cm:0.8cm), covers insect box lid, muffles box cover with one layer of black cloth, together
When the region (i.e. 1/2 region of insect box height) on insect box top 1/2 is covered with black cloth.It is added in insect box daily appropriate
Water is so as to moisturizing, and parasitoid larva is nibbled out and cocoons situation (Fig. 1,3) outside pin main body in observation plastic suction pipe daily.
2. the method for breeding of wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae sequentially includes the following steps:
The larva stripped is randomly divided into 3 groups, every group 80,80,100 larvas.Raise the insect box 40 of wild rice stem striped rice borer
Base portion spreads 4 layers of gauze 11, pads a filter paper 10 thereon；9 sections of fresh wild rice stem blocks 31 are placed above filter paper.In wild rice stem block side wall
The striped rice borer 4-6 instar larvae that random access strips is by its natural feeding.It is accessed in same insect box with instar larvae.On wild rice stem block
Gauze screen 60 is placed by side, placed above each gauze screen 40 transparent plastic suction pipes 20 (length: diameter=19.0cm:
0.8cm), insect box lid is covered, muffles box cover with one layer of black cloth, while (being supported with the region that black cloth covers insect box top 1/2
1/2 region of worm box height).Suitable quantity of water is added in insect box daily so as to moisturizing, observes parasitic wasp in plastic suction pipe daily
Larva nibbles out and cocoons situation (Fig. 2,3) outside pin main body.
3. the method that rice-stem borer and wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp are collected sequentially includes the following steps:
(1) white plastic disk is taken, bottom spreads the black cloth of one layer with same size of trying to get to the heart of a matter.
(2) black cloth on insect box lid 50 (box cover with screen window) will be thrown off, insect box lid, observation parasitic wasp children are raised
Worm nibbles out situation of cocooing outside pin main body, range estimation positioning 70 position of parasitic wasp cocoon (Fig. 4).
(3) plastic suction pipe 20 for having parasitic wasp cocoon is carefully pressed from both sides out with tweezers, is put in white plastic disk.
(4) according to bee cocoon position, the side with tweezers as far as possible along no bee cocoon carefully clamps suction pipe, is put in white
On black cloth in vinyl disc.
(5) parasitic wasp cocoon number, striped rice borer in every suction pipe are recorded and pupates several and Chilo spp larvae by parasitic number, chooses two changes
Snout moth's larva pupa and by larva dead after parasitism, only retains parasitic wasp cocoon.
(6) according to the release of field parasitic wasp needs and release time, temporarily parasitic wasp cocoon is placed on and is covered with damp gauze
Clean insect box in, cover the box cover of tool ventilation mouth, be placed on 4 DEG C of refrigerators and save.
Test result:
Because Chilo spp larvae nibbles out externalization cocoon by developing endobiosis larva of bee by after parasitic wasp ovipositing hosts,
The quantity variance of the parasitic parasitic wasp of every larva is big, few several heads, and more tens.According to what is be put into each insect box
Chilo spp larvae is pupated several and parasitic wasp cocoon number by parasitic number, striped rice borer in Chilo spp larvae number, all plastic suction pipes, to calculate
The mean parasitized bee quantity of the parasitic rate of Chilo spp larvae and every Chilo spp larvae.Test result shows rice-stem borer children
The parasitic rate of worm parasitic wasp is 25.00%~28.00%, average out to 26.5%；Every Chilo spp larvae is averagely sprouted wings parasitic out
Bee number is 21.32 ± 10.37.The parasitic rate of wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp is 6.25%~8.75%, average out to 7.5%；
Every Chilo spp larvae averagely sprout wings out parasitic wasp number be 25.16 ± 10.74 (tables 1).Although illustrating wild rice stem field Chilo spp larvae
Parasitic rate it is lower than the parasitic rate of paddy field Chilo spp larvae, but the parasitic wasp number that Chilo spp larvae every, wild rice stem field is sprouted wings out is then
Significantly more than paddy field Chilo spp larvae.The method has achieved the purpose that striped rice borer parasitic wasp standard worm sources are collected in scale.Examination
It tests it is also shown that Chilo spp larvae pierces suction pipe and pupates and provides clean place, avoids the infection of germ to a certain extent
Frequency has reached practical requirement.
The rice of 1 this patent of table and wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp are collected and the investigation result of parasitic rate
Processing 1
Processing 2
Processing 3
Note: 1. parasitic larva number=test larva number-larvae pupation number-larva natural death number；
2. parasitic rate (%)=parasitism larva number/test larva number × 100；
3. the parasitic parasitic wasp number (head) of every larva=parasitic wasp cocoon number/parasitism larva number.
4. the unit of the parasitic wasp number of the larva number tested, parasitic larva number, every parasitized larvae is (head).
In addition, the parasitic wasp number of every parasitized larvae of three, rice processing is 21.3 ± 10.4 (heads)；At wild rice stem three
The parasitic wasp number of every parasitized larvae of reason is 25.2 ± 10.7 (heads).
The method collection also has the advantage that (1) above-mentioned collection method specifies field different niches (rice field and wild rice stem
Field) in main species, natural parasitic rate, the average every Chilo spp larvae of Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp sprout wings parasitic wasp out
Number.This is to objectively evaluate parasitic wasp to the important evidence of the control action size of rice-stem borer.By further dissecting habitat
Between difference, find out parasitic wasp and dynamic key factor occur, formulated for adaptation to local conditions and optimize Integrated Control of Rice Insect Pests
(IPM) strategy provides the theoretical foundation of science.(2) due in the Same Habitat of the different niches of contemporaneity or different times,
The main parasitic honeybee kind class of Chilo spp larvae phase, parasitic rate have a degree of difference.The difference can be used as analysis next year
The foundation that Chilo spp larvae effectively occurs radix, inquires into parasitic wasp initial population source and further formulate corresponding measure.From now on
Can use this method further outdoor investigation different niches, different times Chilo spp larvae advantage parasitoids and its post
Raw rate provides certain science reference for biological control.(3) percentage of pupation of determining Chilo spp larvae, the male and female of pupa be can be convenient
Property ratio, in favor of subsequent rice stem borer mating, oviposition.(4) equipment needed for collecting parasitic wasp and material are very simple, and
Plastic suction pipe is light, reusable, easy to operate.(5) since plastic suction pipe itself is transparent, collect parasitic wasp cocoon it
Before bee cocoon position can be accurately positioned, the potential of bee cocoon artificial mechanical is damaged caused by bee cocoon to avoid looking for because of blindness stripping
Wound.
Embodiment 2: the test of field adaptability rice-stem borer parasitized larvae bee prevention and treatment Chilo suppressalis
Test period: on July 10,20 days to 2015 April in 2015
Test site: Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science plant protection and institute of microbiology's rice test base.
Discharge bee source: parasitic wasp cocoon in the lucite pipe obtained in of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Release device: use the device of Figure of description 6 of the invention for the device of this experiment.
The structure of release device is as follows: a kind of inexpensive, quick, easy, efficiently release Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp dress
Set, the device include: (1) circular covering lid (100) and it is circular take bee body (200) (Fig. 5), covering lid and take between bee body
It is contacted with iron wire (500), covering lid is made with transparent plastic sheet with bee body is taken；One side of covering lid is consolidated with bee body is taken
It is fixed, the bottom of covering lid (100) and bee body (200) is taken into 30 degree of angles；Take the nylon grenadine of the 10 mesh meshes of both ends of bee body
(90) cover, effectively take bee span access location length be 20cm, width 10-12cm；Several are placed in bee body body with bee cocoon taking
Lucite pipe (20)；(2) floating material (300)；It entirely takes bee body (200) to stick on floating material surface, floats material
Length, width and the height of material are respectively 250-300mm, 150-180mm and 80-100mm (Fig. 6).It takes bee body and adheres to floating
After material, the steadily of centre of gravity of whole device is swum on the water surface.
Test process: difference puts bee quantity, difference puts bee period.
(1) pests occurrence rule of paddy field striped rice borer: field investigation and indoor raising the result shows that, striped rice borer is in paddy field
It completes the history of life of 3 generations, the 4th generation then occurred imperfect.In rice growing season, completing 1 generation about lasts two months.Two
Change snout moth's larva egg hatching peak period is May 11, and 3 instar larvae peak periods are May 25, and 5 instar larvae peak periods are June 6, height of pupating
The peak phase is June 22.
(2) the different parasitic effects for putting bee quantity: 2 days before 3 instar larvae occurrence in peak period of striped rice borer (i.e. May 23),
Line-spacing along paddy field discharges parasitic wasp device (Fig. 6), and two parasitic wasp burst sizes (30,000/667m are arranged2, 60,000/
667m2), 7 days after release, acquisition field rice striped rice borer is caused harm withered sheath, and Chilo spp larvae is looked into stripping, and raising checks children indoors
The parasitic quantity of worm, statistics parasitic rate and correction parasitic rate.Calculation formula:
Parasitic rate (%)=parasitism larva number/test larva number × 100
Correct parasitic rate (%)=[(putting bee field parasitic rate-control field parasitic rate)/(1- compares field parasitic rate) × 100]
(3) the different parasitic effects for putting bee period: respectively 2 days before 3 instar larvae of striped rice borer and 5 instar larvae occurrence in peak period
(i.e. May 23, June 4), the line-spacing along paddy field discharge parasitic wasp device, discharge 30,000/667m of parasitic wasp quantity2, release
7 days after putting, acquisition field rice striped rice borer is caused harm withered sheath, and Chilo spp larvae is looked into stripping, and raising checks the parasitism of larva indoors
Quantity, statistics parasitic rate and correction parasitic rate.
(4) test result
Table 2 is shown, 2 days before 3 instar larvae peak period of striped rice borer, discharges Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp 30,000 and 60,000 respectively
Head/667m2Density when, it is found that the correction parasitic rate of Chilo spp larvae is respectively 24.6% and 40.2%；It is fixed putting bee amount
For 30,000/667m2When, 2 days release parasitized larvae bees before 3 instar larvae peak periods and 5 instar larvae peak periods, correct respectively
Parasitic rate is respectively 25.3% and 13.7%.Illustrate, it is identical put bee period under, put that bee amount is bigger, and parasitic effects are better.?
Identical to put under bee amount, the bee effect of putting of 3 instar larvaes is apparently higher than 5 instar larvaes.
Table 2, field adaptability rice-stem borer parasitized larvae bee prevent and treat the test result of rice-stem borer
Embodiment 3: the test of field adaptability wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp prevention and treatment wild rice stem striped rice borer
Test period: on August 31st, 1 day 1 April in 2015
Test site: Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science plant protection and institute of microbiology's wild rice stem proving ground.
Discharge bee source: parasitic wasp cocoon in the lucite pipe obtained in of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Release device: use the device of Figure of description 6 of the invention for the device of this experiment.
The structure of release device is as follows: a kind of inexpensive, quick, easy, efficiently release Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp dress
Set, the device include: (1) circular covering lid (100) and it is circular take bee body (200) (Fig. 5), covering lid and take between bee body
It is contacted with iron wire (500), covering lid is made with transparent plastic sheet with bee body is taken；One side of covering lid is consolidated with bee body is taken
It is fixed, the bottom of covering lid (100) and bee body (200) is taken into 30 degree of angles；Take the nylon grenadine of the 10 mesh meshes of both ends of bee body
(90) cover, effectively take bee span access location length be 20cm, width 10-12cm；Several are placed in bee body body with bee cocoon taking
Lucite pipe (20) (Fig. 7)；(2) floating material (300)；It entirely takes bee body (200) to stick on floating material surface, float
Length, width and the height of floating material are respectively 250-300mm, 150-180mm and 80-100mm (Fig. 6).Bee body is taken to adhere to
After floating material, the steadily of centre of gravity of whole device is swum on the water surface.
Test process: difference puts bee quantity, difference puts bee period
(1) pests occurrence rule of wild rice stem field 1 generation striped rice borer: field investigation and indoor raising the result shows that, striped rice borer is in single cropping
Wild rice stem Tanaka completes the history of life of 3 generations, and the 4th generation then occurred imperfect.In wild rice stem growth period, completing 1 generation about lasts
Two months.Striped rice borer egg hatching peak period is May 10, and 3 instar larvae peak periods are May 21, and 5 instar larvae peak periods are June 2
Day, peak period of pupating is June 15.
(2) the different parasitic effects for putting bee quantity: 2 days before 3 instar larvae occurrence in peak period of striped rice borer, i.e. May 19, edge
The line-spacing in wild rice stem field discharges parasitic wasp device, and two parasitic wasp burst sizes (30,000/667m are arranged2, 60,000/667m2), it releases
7 days after putting, acquisition field wild rice stem striped rice borer is caused harm withered sheath, and Chilo spp larvae is looked into stripping, and raising checks the parasitism of larva indoors
Quantity, statistics parasitic rate and correction parasitic rate.
(3) the different parasitic effects for putting bee period: respectively 2 days before 3 instar larvae of striped rice borer and 5 instar larvae occurrence in peak period
(i.e. May 19, May 31), the line-spacing along wild rice stem field discharge parasitic wasp device, discharge 30,000/667m of parasitic wasp quantity2, release
7 days after putting, acquisition field wild rice stem striped rice borer is caused harm withered sheath, and Chilo spp larvae is looked into stripping, and raising checks the parasitism of larva indoors
Quantity, statistics parasitic rate and correction parasitic rate.
(4) test result
Table 3, field adaptability wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp prevent and treat the test result of wild rice stem striped rice borer
Table 3 is shown, 2 days before 3 instar larvae peak period of striped rice borer, discharges Chilo spp larvae parasitic wasp 30,000 and 60,000 respectively
Head/667m2Density when, the correction parasitic rate of Chilo spp larvae is respectively 24.0% and 39.3%；30,000 are fixed as putting bee amount
Head/667m2When, 2 days release parasitized larvae bees before 3 instar larvae peak periods and 5 instar larvae peak periods, correct parasitic rate respectively
Respectively 24.5% and 12.8%.Illustrate, it is identical put bee period under, put that bee amount is bigger, and parasitic effects are better.Identical
It puts under bee amount, the bee effect of putting of 3 instar larvaes is apparently higher than 5 instar larvaes.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for the parasitic wasp for discharging Chilo spp larvae, this method comprises:
1) a kind of parasitic wasp release device, is provided, which includes:
(1), circular covering lid (100) and it is circular take bee body (200), covering lid and taking is contacted between bee body with iron wire, is hidden
It covers lid and takes bee body and be made with transparent plastic sheet；One side of covering lid is fixed with bee body is taken, the bottom of covering lid (100)
With take bee body (200) into 30 degree of angles；Nylon grenadine (90) covering for taking the 10 mesh meshes of both ends of bee body, it is long effectively to take bee position
Degree is 20cm, width 10-12cm；Several transparent plastic suction pipes (20) for having bee cocoon are placed in bee body body taking；
(2), floating material (300)；It entirely takes bee body (200) to stick on floating material surface, the length of floating material, width
It is respectively 250-300mm, 150-180mm and 80-100mm with height；
2), release device field aligning method: the parasitic wasp release device of release in the ranks along paddy field or wild rice stem field, every piece of field is released
The quantity for putting parasitic wasp release device depends on the area of field, determines burst size according to striped rice borer occurrence degree；
3) it, discharges period: period and its later weather condition situation is occurred according to rice-stem borer or wild rice stem rice stem borer,
In the generation period for predicting striped rice borer oviposition date, egg hatching date and 3 instar larvaes, release in 2 days is posted before 3 instar larvae occurance peaks
Raw bee release device, wherein, the burst size of parasitic wasp is 30,000/667m2。
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the transparent plastic suction pipe with bee cocoon passes through following method
It provides: 1) providing the device of raising Chilo spp larvae, which includes colorless and transparent insect box, includes in the bottom of box
There are 4 layers of gauze, and the suction on gauze has the filter paper of moisture, wherein fresh wild rice stem block is placed on filter paper, in institute
Gauze screen is placed on the wild rice stem block stated, more transparent plastic suction pipes are placed on gauze screen；2) raising of wild rice stem Chilo spp larvae
Method sequentially includes the following steps: the larva that will be stripped and is randomly divided into 3 groups, every group 80,80,100 larvas；In wild rice stem block side wall with
The striped rice borer 4-6 instar larvae that machine access strips is by its natural feeding；It is accessed in same insect box with instar larvae；Above wild rice stem block
Gauze screen is placed, more transparent plastic suction pipes are placed above each gauze screen, cover insect box lid, muffle box with one layer of black cloth
It covers, while covering the region on insect box top 1/2, i.e. 1/2 region of insect box height with black cloth；It is added in insect box daily
Suitable quantity of water observes parasitoid larva in plastic suction pipe daily and nibbles out situation of cocooing outside pin main body so as to moisturizing.
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| CN111567484A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-25 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Method for suspending rice moth larva container to increase number of wild brown band moth cocoon bee colonies |
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