CN105359433B - A kind of communication means, apparatus and system - Google Patents
A kind of communication means, apparatus and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359433B CN105359433B CN201480001088.7A CN201480001088A CN105359433B CN 105359433 B CN105359433 B CN 105359433B CN 201480001088 A CN201480001088 A CN 201480001088A CN 105359433 B CN105359433 B CN 105359433B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method, apparatus of communication and system, the communication means includes the P powers for determining that pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are 2,1≤P≤m；The pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are fed back into the ONU；The pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are expanded into PAM N exponent numbers, communicated using the PAM N exponent numbers after the extension with the ONU, wherein, the N be 2 m powers, m >=2.By communication means disclosed by the invention, apparatus and system, descending PAM different ranks continuous modulation can be achieved, realize different ONU adaptive links speed grades.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly to a kind of communication means, apparatus and system.
Background technology
With FTTx, (Fiber To The x, intelligent acess x, such as FTTH represent fiber entering household, FTTB, and optical fiber enters greatly
Building) large scale deployment, the bandwidth demand of soft exchange is increasing, and soft exchange main flow uses PON (Passive at present
Optical Network, EPON) technology, PON technologies are a kind of point-to-multipoint passive optical networks.One PON
Network includes an OLT (Optical Line Terminal, optical line terminal) for being installed on console for centralized control, and a collection of
The supporting ONU (Optical Network Unit, optical network unit) for being installed on customer site or ONT (Optical
Network Terminal, ONT Optical Network Terminal).ODN (Optical Distribution between OLT and ONU
Network, Optical Distribution Network) contain optical fiber and passive optical splitters or coupler.
PON due to eliminating the active equipment between local side and user terminal so that safeguard simple, reliability is high, into
This is low, and can save fiber resource, is the primary solutions of following FTTH (Fiber To The Home, fiber entering household).
Various PON technologies all co-exist at this stage, EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network, ether
Net EPON), 10G-EPON (10 Gigabit EPON, 10 gigabit Ethernet EPONs), GPON (Gigabit
Passive Optical Network, gigabit passive optical network), 10G-GPON (10 Gigabit PON, 10 gigabits without
Source optical-fiber network), 40G-TWDM PON (40 Gigabit Time Wavelength Division Multiplex PON, lucky ratio
Special time-division Wave division multiplexing passive optical network).Link total bandwidth is from 1G to 10G, or even 40G.According to user bandwidth demand analysis,
Current bandwidth can meet the needs of user's long period.In the case of total downlink bandwidth is 10G or 40G, each
User is not necessarily to reach more than 10G.
Pulse amplitude modulation (Pulse Amplitude Modulation, PAM) is that the amplitude of pulse carrier is believed with base band
A kind of modulation system of number change, can form multistage PAM modulation according to different bit combinations.If descending difference to be realized
PAM exponent numbers are modulated, and can be had downlink burst, can not be realized.
The content of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide one kind and realize communication means, apparatus and system, if for solving in descending realization
The problem of different PAM exponent numbers modulation.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the invention adopt the following technical scheme that：
In a first aspect, a kind of communication means, including determine that pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers F, F are 2 P powers, 1≤P≤
m；The pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are fed back into the ONU；The pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are expanded into PAM N
Exponent number, communicated using the PAM N exponent numbers after the extension with the ONU, wherein, the N be 2 m powers, m >=2.
With reference in a first aspect, in the first possible implementation of first aspect, methods described also includes with PAM 2
Rank coding expands to the registration that PAM N ranks coding realizes ONU.
With reference to the first possible implementation of first aspect, in second of possible implementation, the PAM 2
Rank coding expands to PAM N ranks coding, and it is m bits to specifically include every 1 bit expanded in data flow, and the 2nd ratio after extension
It is special identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
It is described to expand the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers with reference in a first aspect, in the third possible implementation
Open up as PAM-N exponent numbers, it per P bit expandeds be m bits in data flow to specifically include, and the bit of pth+1 after extension is to m ratios
Identical with the 1st bit, the 1≤p≤m of spy.
Second aspect, a kind of method of communication, including the data with PAM-N contrasts that the OLT is sent are received, its
In, m powers that N is 2, wherein m >=2；Demodulated as 2 P powers using the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers and sent out by the OLT
The data with PAM-N contrasts sent, wherein 1≤p≤m.
With reference to second aspect, in the first possible implementation of second aspect, the ONU is encoded with the ranks of PAM 2
The coding registration of PAM N ranks is expanded to, wherein, N is 2 m powers, wherein m >=2.
With reference to the first possible implementation of second aspect, in second of possible implementation, by data flow
In every 1 bit expanded be m bits, and extend after the 2nd bit it is identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
With reference to second aspect, in the third possible implementation, methods described also include by whole data flow using m as
Unit, it is divided into multiple sub-data flows, abandons the bit of pth+1 in each sub-data flow to m bits, reformulate new data
Stream, is demodulated for the ONU by 2 p powers of PAM exponent numbers.
The third aspect, a kind of communicator, including processing unit, for determine pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers be 2 P
Power, 1≤P≤m1 integer；Transmitting element, for the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers to be fed back into the ONU；It is described
Processing unit, it is additionally operable to the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers expanding to PAM-N exponent numbers, using the PAM-N after the extension
Exponent number communicates with the ONU, wherein, the N be 2 m powers, m >=2.
With reference to the third aspect, in the first possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit be additionally operable to
The ranks of PAM 2 coding expands to the registration that PAM N ranks coding realizes ONU.
With reference to the first possible implementation of the third aspect, in second of possible implementation, by data flow
In every 1 bit expanded be m bits, and extend after the 2nd bit it is identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
It is m bits by every P bit expandeds in data flow in the third possible implementation with reference to the third aspect, and
The bit of pth+1 after extension is identical with the 1st bit to m bits, 1≤p≤m.
Fourth aspect, a kind of communicator, including receiving unit, for receiving that the OLT sends with PAM-N contrast systems
Data, wherein, N is 2 m powers, wherein m >=2；Processing unit, for using the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers as 2 P
The data with PAM-N contrasts that power demodulation is sent by the OLT, wherein 1≤p≤m.
With reference to fourth aspect, in the first possible implementation of fourth aspect, the processing unit be additionally operable to
The ranks of PAM 2 coding expands to the coding registration of PAM N ranks, wherein, N is 2 m powers, and wherein m is the integer more than or equal to 2.
With reference to the first possible implementation of fourth aspect, in second of possible implementation, the processing
It is m bits that unit, which is specifically used for every 1 bit expanded in data flow, and the 2nd bit after extension compares to m bits with the 1st
Special position is identical.
With reference to fourth aspect, in the third possible implementation, the processing unit is additionally operable to whole data flow
In units of m, it is divided into multiple sub-data flows, abandons the bit of pth+1 in each sub-data flow to m bits, reformulate new
Data flow, be demodulated for the ONU by 2 p powers of PAM exponent numbers.
5th aspect, a kind of optical line terminal OLT, including processor, the processor be used to performing such as first aspect and
Method described in first aspect any one.
6th aspect, a kind of optical network unit ONU, including processor, the processor be used to performing such as second aspect and
Method described in second aspect any one.
7th aspect, a kind of passive optical network PON, including OLT and ONU, wherein, OLT is included such as institute in terms of the 5th
The OLT stated, or ONU include the ONU as described in terms of the 6th.
By the communication means of the present invention, apparatus and system, descending PAM different ranks continuous modulation can be achieved, realize not
With ONU adaptive link speed grades.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, embodiment will be described below
In the required accompanying drawing used be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only the present invention some
Embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be attached according to these
Figure obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is PON system group network structural representation；
Fig. 2 is a kind of OLT provided in an embodiment of the present invention and ONU interaction diagrams；
Fig. 3 is the multistage flexible PON system structure diagrams of PAM provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of signal node composition encoded using PAM-8 provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of signal node composition that pseudo- PAM-4 codings are formed by extended coding provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of signal node composition that pseudo- PAM-2 codings are formed by extended coding provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a kind of downlink data stream encryption extended flow journey schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 a are a kind of signal that PAM-8 coding extensions are realized using programmable array FPGA provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 8 b realize that PAM-4 codings expand to PAM- for one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention using programmable array FPGA
The schematic diagram of 8 codings；
Fig. 8 c realize that PAM-2 codings expand to PAM- for one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention using programmable array FPGA
The schematic diagram of 8 codings；
Fig. 9 does adaptive for a kind of optical line terminal OLT media access control MAC inside modules provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Answer the schematic diagram of the transmission coding extension of PAM exponent numbers；
Figure 10 is that a kind of optical network unit ONU provided in an embodiment of the present invention is carried out adaptively according to the PAM exponent numbers of feedback
The schematic diagram of demodulation；
Figure 11 is a kind of structural representation of device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the structural representation of another device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of OLT structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is a kind of ONU structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one,
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention described should be defined by scope of the claims.
As shown in figure 1, EPON (Passive Optical Network, PON) is by the optical line terminal of office side
The optical network unit (Optical Network Unit, ONU) of (Optical Line Terminal, OLT), user side or
ONT Optical Network Terminal (Optical Network Terminal, ONT) and Optical Distribution Network (Optical Distribute
Network, ODN) composition.At present, representative PON technologies are GPON (Gigabit-Capable Passive
Optical Network, Gigabit Passive Optical Network), EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network, Ethernet
EPON), 10G-GPON (being referred to as XG-PON), 10G-EPON.
OLT provides Network Side Interface for PON system, connects one or more ODN.ONU provides user's side joint for PON system
Mouthful, it is connected with ODN.If ONU directly provides User Port Function, as PC (Personal Computer, PC) is surfed the Net
Ethernet user port, then referred to as ONT.Without specified otherwise, the ONU systems being mentioned below refer to ONU and ONT.ODN is by optical fiber
The network formed with passive optical splitters part, for connecting OLT device and ONU equipment, for distributing or being multiplexed between OLT and ONU
Data-signal.It is referred to as descending from OLT to ONU in PON system；Conversely, to be up from ONU to OLT.
Embodiment one
The embodiment of the present invention discloses a kind of method of communication, as shown in Fig. 2 including：
S200：OLT determines that pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are F ranks, the PAM exponent numbers is sent to ONU, F is P time of 2
Side, p is the integer more than or equal to 1, and is less than or equal to m；
S202：The PAM exponent numbers are that to expand to PAM exponent numbers be N ranks to F ranks by OLT, are modulated using PAM N exponent numbers and led to the ONU
Letter, wherein, N is 2 m powers, and m is the integer more than or equal to 2；
S204：The ONU receives the data with PAM N contrasts that the OLT is sent, with the pulse amplitude modulation PAM
Exponent number is the data with PAM N contrasts that the demodulation of F ranks is sent by the OLT.
Alternatively, the OLT determines pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers, can be realized by following steps：
ONU detects received optical power, to optical line terminal OLT feedback reception luminous power；
For OLT according to ONU received optical powers, it is F to determine PAM exponent numbers, wherein, F is 2 p powers, and p is whole more than or equal to 1
Number, and it is less than or equal to m；
Wherein, according to ONU received optical powers, PAM exponent numbers are determined, luminous power can be pre-stored by OLT and is reflected with PAM exponent numbers
Relation table is penetrated, PAM exponent numbers corresponding with ONU received optical powers are got by enquiry form；Life can also manually be inputted
Order row, network management system are manually configured；Other schemes disclosed in prior art can also being used, are repeated no more here.
The PAM exponent numbers determined are fed back to ONU by OLT.
Alternatively, the OLT determines pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers, can also be realized by following steps：
The SNR (Signal Noise Ratio, signal to noise ratio) of ONU detection channels, feeds back the SNR to optical line terminal OLT；
OLT is according to the SNR, and it is F to determine PAM exponent numbers, and F is 2 p powers, and p is the integer more than or equal to 1, and is less than or equal to
m；
Wherein, according to the SNR of passage, PAM exponent numbers are determined, SNR and PAM exponent number mapping relations can be pre-stored by OLT
Table, by enquiry form obtain corresponding to PAM exponent numbers；Order line can also manually be inputted, network management system is manually carried out
Configuration；Other schemes disclosed in prior art can also being used, are repeated no more here.
The PAM exponent numbers determined are fed back to ONU by OLT.
Alternatively, methods described also includes：
OLT and ONU realizes that ONU registrations are reached the standard grade by extended coding.Wherein, the extended coding can be by PAM-2 ranks
Modulation is PAM-N contrast systems by extended coding, and N is 2 m powers, and m is the integer more than or equal to 2.
Specifically, PAM-2 is expanded into PAM-N codings, including：
Be m bits by every 1 bit expanded in data flow, and extend after the 2nd bit to m bits with the 1st bit
It is identical.
Alternatively, it is described that the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are expanded into PAM-N exponent numbers, specifically include：
By in data flow per P bit expandeds be m bits, and extension after the bit of pth+1 to m bits with the 1st bit
Identical, the 1≤p≤m in position.
Alternatively, using the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers as 2 P powers demodulation by the OLT send with PAM-N
The data of contrast, are specifically included：
By whole data flow in units of m, it is divided into multiple sub-data flows, abandons the bit of pth+1 in each sub-data flow
To m bits, new data flow is reformulated, is demodulated for the ONU using PAM exponent numbers as F.
The embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to specific application scenarios, illustrated by taking N=8 as an example.
PON system descending of the present invention is using the multistage PAM modulation of unicast, such as PAM-2 ranks, PAM-4 ranks, PAM-8 ranks
Deng, by TDMA (Time Division Multiplexing Access, time division multiplexing access) form, meet ONU links from
Adapt to different brackets rate requirement.
As shown in figure 3, by taking 10G photoelectric devices as an example, pass through the different modulating exponent numbers such as PAM-2 ranks, PAM-4 ranks, PAM-8 ranks
The corresponding link level speed of descending 10G, 20G, 30G can be achieved, and (PAM-2 ranks correspond to 10G, and PAM-4 ranks correspond to 20G, PAM-8
Rank corresponds to 30G).PON of the present invention has self-adaptation flexible characteristic, can be according to the PAM of ONU received optical power Adaptive matchings
Exponent number, dynamic adjust modulation format, realize each ONU links different brackets transmission rate.
Due to directly being modulated descending using different PAM exponent numbers, can cause it is descending can not realize continuous mode, and the mould that happens suddenly
Formula is in descending more difficult implementation.How on the basis of descending continuous mode is ensured, elastic power is realized using different PAM order of modulation
Solves the key of problem at last in advance.We can be achieved descending different PAM exponent numbers and connect by carrying out coding extension in OLT sending sides
Supervention is sent.
As descending 30G, directly can be modulated using PAM-8.Coding is not required to do coding extension, and every 3 bit forms an electricity
It is flat.As shown in Figure 4.
As descending 20G, PAM-4 need to be used to modulate, if without any processing, it is descending need in PAM-4, PAM-8 it
Between constantly switch, cause downlink burst.The present invention is extended to respectively by innovating coding extension by the 11 of PAM-4,10,01,00
111,101,010,000.So as to form the pseudo- PAM-4 modulated signals that essence is PAM-8.As shown in Figure 5.
Similarly, as descending 10G, need to use PAM-2 modulate, if without any processing, it is descending need in PAM-2,
Constantly switch between PAM-8, cause downlink burst.By innovating coding extension, 111 are extended to respectively by the 1 of PAM-2,0,
000.So as to form the pseudo- PAM-2 modulated signals that essence is PAM-8.As shown in Figure 6.
Coding extension, can be sent by descending continuous P AM-8 forms more than, realized and produced different PAM exponent numbers, i.e.,
PAM-8, PAM-4, PAM-2.So as to the descending different rates of reality, (PAM-8 corresponds to 30G, and PAM-4 corresponds to 20G, and PAM-2 is corresponding
10G) TDMA is sent, and ONU receiving sides carry out adaptive decoding according to PAM exponent numbers.Meanwhile above specific coding extension can be achieved not
With maximum extinction ratio state under PAM order of modulation, lifting system performance to greatest extent.
Further, OLT ends extended coding can (Field Programmable Gate Array, scene can by FPGA
Program gate array) module realization, naturally it is also possible to using special integrated chip (Application Specific
Integrated Circuit, ASIC), System on Chip/SoC (System on Chip, SoC) can also be used, in can also using
Central processor (Central Processor Unit, CPU), can also use network processing unit (Network Processor,
NP), digital signal processing circuit (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) can also be used, microcontroller can also be used
Device (Micro Controller Unit, MCU), programmable controller (Programmable Logic can also be used
Device, PLD) or other integrated chips.It is illustrated in figure 7 downlink data stream encryption extended flow journey schematic diagram.
For realizing schematic diagram as shown in Fig. 8 a~Fig. 8 c inside different PAM-N order of modulation.First to descending serial data
Flow Data and carry out serioparallel exchange, according to OLT MAC (Media Access Control, medium education) feedback data stream institute
Belong to PAM exponent number values, adaptive coding extension is carried out to the parallel data stream after conversion.
As shown in Figure 8 a, coding extension is from PAM-8 to PAM-8, and parallel data stream keeps constant after coding extension；
As shown in Figure 8 b, from PAM-4 to PAM-8, parallel data stream encryption extension expands to 3bit per 2bit for coding extension,
And 3bit is identical with 1bit data；
As shown in Figure 8 c, from PAM-2 to PAM-8, parallel data stream encryption extension expands to 3bit per 1bit for coding extension,
And 2bit, 3bit are identical with 1bit data.
Parallel data stream forms new downstream data flow Data through parallel-serial conversion DeSerdes again after being extended by coding, afterwards
PAM-8 signals are formed through 3Bit DAC (Digital Analog Convert, digital analog converter) again, are sent out through laser
Go.
As shown in figure 9, the transmission coding extension of adaptive PAM exponent numbers is done inside OLT MAC.
As shown in Figure 10, for the demodulation of ONU receiving terminals by two kinds of implementation methods, the first is passing through described in three kinds of embodiment
FPGA is realized.Second of implementation method is more by high-speed ADC (Analog Digital Convert, analog-digital converter) realization
Rank PAM is encoded, and the dynamic modulation exponent number fed back by ONU MAC controls adaptive decoding ADC sample frequencys.When feedback modulation exponent number
For PAM-8 when, ADC sample frequencys are adaptively arranged to 30GHz；When feedback modulation exponent number is PAM-4, ADC sample frequencys are certainly
Adaptation is arranged to 20GHz；When feedback modulation exponent number is PAM-2, ADC sample frequencys are adaptively arranged to 10GHz.Pass through ADC
Different PAM exponent numbers adaptive decodings can be achieved in adaptively sampled frequency.
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of communicator, as shown in figure 11, including：
Processing unit 110, for determining that pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are F, F is 2 p powers, 1≤p≤m；It is additionally operable to
The PAM exponent numbers F that this is determined is expanded into PAM N contrast systems；
Transmitting element 120, for being that F feeds back to optical network unit ONU by the PAM exponent numbers；With the PAM N ranks after extension
Modulation format communicates with ONU.
Alternatively, the processing unit 110 is additionally operable to the note for being expanded to PAM N ranks coding with the ranks of PAM 2 coding and being realized ONU
Volume.Wherein, the processing unit 110 is additionally operable to the registration for being expanded to PAM N ranks coding with the ranks of PAM 2 coding and being realized ONU, specifically
Including being m bits by every 1 bit expanded in data flow, and the 2nd bit after extension is identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
The processing unit 110 is additionally operable to the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers F expanding to PAM-N exponent numbers, specific bag
It is m bits to include every P bit expandeds in data flow, and the bit of pth+1 after extension is identical with the 1st bit to m bits,
1≤p≤m。
The communicator can be that FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array, shows on physical entity
Field programmable gate array) module realization, naturally it is also possible to using special integrated chip (Application Specific
Integrated Circuit, ASIC), System on Chip/SoC (System on Chip, SoC) can also be used, in can also using
Central processor (Central Processor Unit, CPU), can also use network processing unit (Network Processor,
NP), digital signal processing circuit (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) can also be used, microcontroller can also be used
Device (Micro Controller Unit, MCU), programmable controller (Programmable Logic can also be used
Device, PLD) or other integrated chips.
Embodiment three
A kind of communicator is also disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 12, including：
Receiving unit 122, the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers for receiving optical line terminal OLT transmission are F, and wherein F is
2 P powers, wherein p are the integer more than or equal to 1, and less than or equal to m；Receive that the OLT sends with PAM-N contrast systems
Data, wherein, N is 2 m powers, and wherein m is integer more than or equal to 2；
Processing unit 124, for using the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers as F demodulate by the OLT send with PAM-
The data of N contrasts, wherein p are the integer more than or equal to 1.
Alternatively, the processing unit 124 is additionally operable to expand to the coding registration of PAM N ranks with the ranks of PAM 2 coding, wherein, N
For 2 m powers, wherein m is the integer more than or equal to 2.The processing unit 124 is specifically included to expand every 1 bit in data flow
Open up as m bits, and the 2nd bit after extending is identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
Alternatively, the processing unit 124 is additionally operable to whole data flow in units of m, is divided into multiple sub-data flows, is lost
The bit of pth+1 abandoned in each sub-data flow reformulates new data flow, for the ONU with PAM ranks to m bits
Number is demodulated for F.
The communicator can be that FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array, shows on physical entity
Field programmable gate array) module realization, naturally it is also possible to using special integrated chip (Application Specific
Integrated Circuit, ASIC), System on Chip/SoC (System on Chip, SoC) can also be used, in can also using
Central processor (Central Processor Unit, CPU), can also use network processing unit (Network Processor,
NP), digital signal processing circuit (Digital Signal Processor, DSP) can also be used, microcontroller can also be used
Device (Micro Controller Unit, MCU), programmable controller (Programmable Logic can also be used
Device, PLD) or other integrated chips.
Example IV
A kind of optical line terminal OLT is also disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in figure 13, the OLT includes processor 130,
Optical module 132, digital analog converter 134, analog-digital converter 136, wherein, the processor includes the communication as described in embodiment two
Device.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of optical network unit ONU, and as shown in figure 14, the ONU includes processor
140, optical module 142, digital analog converter 144, analog-digital converter 146, wherein, the processor is included as described in embodiment three
Communicator.
A kind of passive optical network PON is also disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, including optical line terminal OLT and light net
Network unit ONU, the OLT by the Optical Distribution Network ODN at least one ONU of connection, wherein, optical line terminal and optical network unit
For performing the method as described in embodiment one.
By communication means disclosed by the invention, apparatus and system, descending PAM different ranks continuous modulation can be achieved, it is real
Existing different ONU adaptive links speed grades.
Through the above description of the embodiments, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be with
Realized with hardware, or firmware is realized, or combinations thereof mode is realized.When implemented in software, can be by above-mentioned function
It is stored in computer-readable medium or is transmitted as one or more instructions on computer-readable medium or code.Meter
Calculation machine computer-readable recording medium includes computer-readable storage medium and communication media, and wherein communication media includes being easy to from a place to another
Any medium of individual place transmission computer program.Storage medium can be any usable medium that computer can access.With
Exemplified by this but it is not limited to：Computer-readable medium can include RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory), ROM
(Read Only Memory, read-only memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory, EEPROM), CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory, i.e., only
Read CD) or other optical disc storages, magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage apparatus or can be used in carrying or store tool
Have instruction or data structure form desired program code and can be by any other medium of computer access.In addition.Appoint
What connection can be suitably turn into computer-readable medium.For example, if software is using coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, multiple twin
Line, DSL (Digital Subscriber Line, digital subscriber line) or such as infrared ray, radio and microwave etc
Wireless technology is transmitted from website, server or other remote sources, then coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted-pair feeder, DSL or
The wireless technology of person's such as infrared ray, wireless and microwave etc be included in belonging to medium it is fixing in.As used in the present invention,
Plate and dish include CD (Compact Disc, compress laser disc), laser disc, laser disc, DVD dish (Digital Versatile Disc,
Digital universal light), floppy disk and Blu-ray Disc, the replicate data of the usual magnetic of which disk, and dish is then with laser come optical duplication
Data.Above combination above should also be as being included within the protection domain of computer-readable medium.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention described should be defined by scope of the claims.
Claims (19)
- A kind of 1. communication means, it is characterised in that including：It is F to determine pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers, wherein, F be 2 p powers, 1≤p≤m；By the pulse amplitude modulation PAM Exponent number F feeds back to optical network unit ONU；It is N ranks that the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers F is expanded into PAM exponent numbers, is led to using the PAM N exponent numbers with the ONU Letter, wherein, the N be 2 m powers, m >=2.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that methods described also includes expanding to PAM with PAM2 ranks coding N ranks encode the registration for realizing ONU.
- 3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that the ranks of PAM 2 coding expands to PAM N ranks coding, tool Body includes：It is m bits by every 1 bit expanded in data flow, and the 2nd bit after extension is identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
- 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described to expand to the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers F PAM exponent numbers are N ranks, are specifically included：By in data flow per p bit expandeds be m bits, and extension after the bit of pth+1 to m bits with the 1st bit phase Together, 1≤p≤m.
- A kind of 5. method of communication, it is characterised in that including：The data with PAM N contrasts that optical line terminal OLT is sent are received, wherein, N is 2 m powers, wherein m >=2；The data with PAM N contrasts sent using pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers as F demodulation by the OLT, wherein, F 2 P powers, 1≤p≤m.
- 6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：Optical line terminal ONU with the ranks of PAM 2 coding expands to PAM N ranks coding registration, wherein, N be 2 m powers, wherein m >= 2。
- 7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the ranks of PAM 2 coding expands to PAM N ranks coding, tool Body includes：It is m bits by every 1 bit expanded in data flow, and the 2nd bit after extension is identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
- 8. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：By whole data flow in units of m, it is divided into multiple sub-data flows, abandons the bit of pth+1 in each sub-data flow to m Bit, new data flow is formed, be demodulated for ONU by F ranks of PAM exponent numbers.
- 9. a kind of communicator, it is characterised in that described device includes：Processing unit, for determining that pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers are F ranks, F is 2 p powers, 1≤p≤m integer；Transmitting element, for being that F ranks feed back to optical network unit ONU by the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers；The processing unit, it is additionally operable to the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers F expanding to PAM N exponent numbers, using the extension PAM N exponent numbers afterwards communicate with the ONU, wherein, the N be 2 m powers, m >=2.
- 10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the processing unit, which is additionally operable to encode with the ranks of PAM 2, to be extended ONU registration is realized for PAM N ranks coding.
- 11. device according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the processing unit, which is additionally operable to encode with the ranks of PAM 2, to be expanded The registration that ONU is realized for PAM N ranks coding is opened up, is specifically included：It is m bits by every 1 bit expanded in data flow, and the 2nd bit after extension is identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
- 12. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the processing unit is additionally operable to adjust the impulse amplitude PAM exponent numbers F processed expands to PAM N exponent numbers, specifically includes：By in data flow per p bit expandeds be m bits, and extension after the bit of pth+1 to m bits with the 1st bit phase Together, 1≤p≤m.
- 13. a kind of communicator, it is characterised in that described device includes：Receiving unit, for receiving the data with PAM N contrasts of optical line terminal OLT transmission, wherein, N is 2 m powers, Wherein m >=2；Processing unit, for using the pulse amplitude modulation PAM exponent numbers as F demodulate by the OLT send with PAM N contrast systems Data, wherein, F be 2 p powers, 1≤p≤m.
- 14. device according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the processing unit, which is additionally operable to encode with the ranks of PAM 2, to be expanded Open up to encode for PAM N ranks and register, wherein, N is 2 m powers, wherein m >=2.
- 15. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that the processing unit is specifically used in data flow every 1 Bit expanded is m bits, and the 2nd bit after extension is identical with the 1st bit to m bits.
- 16. device according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the processing unit is additionally operable to whole data flow with m For unit, it is divided into multiple sub-data flows, abandons the bit of pth+1 in each sub-data flow to m bits, form new data Stream, is demodulated for ONU using PAM exponent numbers as F.
- 17. a kind of optical line terminal OLT, including processor and optical module, it is characterised in that the processor includes right such as will Seek the device described in 9~12 any one.
- 18. a kind of optical network unit ONU, including processor and optical module, it is characterised in that the processor includes right such as will Seek the device described in 13~16 any one.
- 19. a kind of passive optical network PON, including optical line terminal OLT and optical network unit ONU, it is characterised in that the OLT Include optical network unit as claimed in claim 18 including optical line terminal as claimed in claim 17 or the ONU.
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| PCT/CN2014/077647 WO2015172375A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2014-05-16 | Communication method, device and system |
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| US10212010B2 (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2019-02-19 | Zte Corporation | Unequally spaced pulse amplitude modulation scheme |
| EP3641169A4 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-06-17 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Data processing method, optical line terminal, optical network unit and system |
| CN112564851B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-03-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and computer readable storage medium for Ethernet link rate switching |
| CN112737695B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-10-08 | 东南大学 | Adaptive symbol set design method based on generalized spatial modulation |
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| JP3177569B2 (en) * | 1994-11-01 | 2001-06-18 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Wireless device |
| US7257329B2 (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2007-08-14 | Agere Systems Inc. | Duobinary pulse shaping for optical transmission systems employing pulse amplitude modulation techniques |
| CN1890913A (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2007-01-03 | 硅谷数模半导体有限公司 | Signaling and coding methods and apparatus for long-range 10 and 100 Mbps Ethernet transmission |
| EP1700386B1 (en) * | 2004-01-02 | 2012-10-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Robust non-coherent receiver for pam-ppm signals |
| US7668256B2 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2010-02-23 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Method and apparatus for the generation and detection of optical differential varied-multilevel phase-shift keying with pulse amplitude modulation (ODVMPSK/PAM) signals |
| US8098708B2 (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2012-01-17 | Harris Corporation | System and method for communicating data using constant envelope orthogonal Walsh modulation with channelization |
| US8554082B2 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2013-10-08 | Broadcom Corporation | Ethernet passive optical network over coaxial (EPOC) |
| CN102244556B (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2014-01-22 | 清华大学 | Construction method of multi-dimensional constellation graph, and method and system for code modulation and demodulation and decoding |
| CN101848061B (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2013-01-30 | 清华大学 | Constellation diagram limited extended code modulation method, demodulation and decoding method and system thereof |
| US8903250B2 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2014-12-02 | Broadcom Corporation | Cost-effective multi-rate upstream for 10GEPON based on high efficiency coding |
| CN102571681B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2017-01-18 | 国网宁夏电力公司信息通信公司 | Information sending method and information sending device for system broadcast channel in wireless communication system |
| WO2012139295A1 (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-18 | Alcatel Lucent | Method and apparatus for implementing high-order modulation schemes using low-order modulators |
| CN103840882B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2018-09-28 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The transmission of fiber optic network, reception, communication system and signal modulator approach |
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