CN105344999B - The SLM powderings scraper and the method using the scraper of a kind of integrated capacitance sensing - Google Patents
The SLM powderings scraper and the method using the scraper of a kind of integrated capacitance sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105344999B CN105344999B CN201510781413.2A CN201510781413A CN105344999B CN 105344999 B CN105344999 B CN 105344999B CN 201510781413 A CN201510781413 A CN 201510781413A CN 105344999 B CN105344999 B CN 105344999B
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- scraper
- powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The SLM powderings scraper and the method using the scraper of a kind of integrated capacitance sensing, for the metal 3D printing field based on SLM.The present invention includes scraper, and insulator, scraper is fixed on insulator；Insulator is arranged on laser fast shaping device, and scraper draws coaxial cable, and scraper and amplifier in are turned on, amplifier connection host computer；Scraper forms two electrodes with powder, constitutes capacitance structure.Make to produce electric capacity between scraper and powder during powdering, it is possible to which electric capacity is converted into signal, the part abnormal problem that the signal can reflect in powdering, so as to improve technique success rate.
Description
Technical field
The metal dust being melted and molded in (SLM) present invention is mainly used for selective laser is paved, to existing common scraper
Structure of modification is carried out, it is become a capacitor plate, electric capacity can have been formed with metal dust, and be detected, such that it is able to
To carrying out certain monitoring during powdering.
Background technology
SLM is that current precision is higher, and the metal 3D printing technique of speed, wherein powdering are in SLM technologies
How key point, ensure powdering uniform ground, the powdering system lasting accuracy core for being to ensure that SLM techniques high.Existing scraper leads to
Often it is simple mechanical structure, only solves the problems, such as to scrape powder.But during once complete SLM, have and back and forth scrape several times
Powder, it is difficult to avoid running into some problems such as：
1. the small projection that unexpected shaping is run into during powder is scraped, causes that scraper is damaged or scraper motion overloads.
2. scrape during powder, last sintering process generates some deformation, or powder feeding structure powder feeding deficiency, causes one
A little pits are not filled and led up completely.
3. scrape during powder, powder feeding structural failure, no powder is scraped.
4. blade wears, or loosen, cause not parallel with datum plane, and the powder for scraping also is not parallel to datum plane.
The content of the invention
For above content, the present invention proposes a kind of new powdering blade construction, and common scraper is become electricity by the structure
Hold sensor, by the change of capacitance signal, powdering process is monitored.
A kind of SLM powdering scrapers of integrated capacitance sensing, it is characterised in that：Including scraper, insulator, scraper is fixed on absolutely
On edge body；Insulator is arranged on laser fast shaping device, and scraper draws coaxial cable, and scraper is led with amplifier in
It is logical, amplifier connection host computer；Scraper forms two electrodes with powder, constitutes capacitance structure.
Further, powdering scraper uses hard alloy, and insulator is using ceramics.
Using the method for described scraper, it is characterised in that：
Capacitance between scraper and powder can change with the gap of scraper and powder, and the change is exaggerated device and is converted to
Voltage signal is supplied to host computer, host computer that the position relationship of scraper plate and powder is judged by voltage signal.
Described method, it is specific as follows：
Step 1：Scraper scraper and powder contact in powdering, judge whether capacitance is 0, and it is different to scrape powder if being not 0
Often；
Step 2：Scrape after the completion of powder, any one value in gap of 0.1mm-0.5mm is kept between scraper and powder in powder
Upper motion, capacitance is converted into magnitude of voltage output and should be fixed value；On the basis of using the fixed value, such as output deviates this and fixes
Value can be judged as out-of-flatness more than 20%；
Step 3：After the completion of sintering, any one value in gap of 0.1mm-0.5mm is kept between scraper and powder in powder
Upper motion, is moved on the powder after the completion of sintering, and capacitance is converted into magnitude of voltage output and should be voltage fixed value；Using
On the basis of the voltage fixed value, such as output deviates the voltage fixed value can be judged as out-of-flatness more than 20%；If electric capacity is believed
Number for 0 explanation electric capacity the two poles of the earth conducting, represent scraper encountered foreign matter, feed back to host computer, answer timely stop motion.
What deserves to be explained is the gap in step 2 and step 3 does not have any relation, voltage fixed value in step 2 and step 3
Also without any relation, being intended merely to avoid confusion one above adds two words of voltage.
In step 2 and step 3 20% is a recommendation, if general smooth required precision is high, be can be set as
20%, it is even more small.
Present invention generally provides be a kind of thinking, the parameter inside method is different and different with requiring.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, present system figure
Fig. 2 present invention scrapes powder example
In figure：1. ceramic wafer, 2. coaxial cable, 3. scraper, 4. amplifier, 5. signaling interface, 6. blade, 7. metal scrape
Knife, 8. metal dust
Specific embodiment
On traditional scraper 3, a piece of ceramic wafer 1 is filled, ceramics separate scraper with the mechanism for installing scraper, make both not
Conducting.An electric capacity can be formed between scraper 3 and metal dust 8, metal dust 8 is turned on the earth, forms reference potential.Coaxially
Cable 2 and the UNICOM of scraper 3, the capacitance on scraper 3 are sent in signal amplifier 4 by coaxial cable 2, and the signal for having amplified is
The analog quantity of 0-10v, host computer is sent to by signaling interface 5.
Metallic spatula 3 is secured to structural insulation and opened by ceramic wafer 1, and metallic spatula is fixed on ceramic wafer 1, ceramic wafer with
Fixed structure is fixed, and such metallic spatula is not directly contacted with fixed structure.An aperture, the letter of coaxial cable 2 are opened on ceramic wafer
Number line is connected through aperture with metallic spatula 3, and other end connection amplifier 4, the signal after amplification is transmitted to by signaling interface 5
Position machine.
At the beginning, scraper scrapes powder to powdering process from other powder feeding mechanisms, and starts powdering, if now powder feeding mechanism
Failure, does not take powder out of, and capacitance signal is more than 0, should otherwise be equal to 0.
After the completion of powdering, metallic spatula 3 can pass by from the powder completed again again, and blade 6 is converted to electricity with the spacing of powder
Hold signal output.If powdering is smooth, a capacitance Ct1 is exported, the value is typically converted into the conventional magnitude of voltage output of industry,
Output area is 0-10V.The magnitude of voltage is recorded as reference value, and when powdering out-of-flatness, when having obvious concavo-convex, electric capacity can be big
In or less than Ct1, host computer should make pause after obtaining data, or continue the action moved.
It is sintered after the completion of powdering.After the completion of sintering, scraper again passes by finished surface, and blade 6 keeps with powder
A value between the spacing of 0.1mm-0.5mm, accordingly exports a capacitance Ct2, and converted voltage value value is usually 1-
6V.In motion process, host computer gathers the voltage signal to scraper with the sampling period of 1ms, if certain periodic sampling result
Deviate Ct2 and be less than Cto, Cto is supplied to user to be set according to actual conditions, and usual value is the 10%-20% of Ct2, then illustrate
Projection is occurred in that in sintering process, or metallic spatula 3 loosens tenesmus.If certain periodic sampling result deviates Ct2 and is more than
Cto, then illustrate it is metal powder sintered during collapse.If certain periodic sampling result is 0, illustrate that scraper into contact has been arrived different
Thing (such as the projection of abnormal sintering).
Claims (4)
1. the SLM powdering scrapers that a kind of integrated capacitance is sensed, it is characterised in that：Including scraper, insulator, scraper is fixed on insulation
On body；Insulator is arranged on laser fast shaping device, and scraper draws coaxial cable, and scraper is led with amplifier in
It is logical, amplifier connection host computer；Scraper forms two electrodes with powder, constitutes capacitance structure.
2. the SLM powdering scrapers that a kind of integrated capacitance according to claim 1 is sensed, it is characterised in that：
Powdering scraper uses hard alloy, and insulator is using ceramics.
3. using the method for the scraper described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Capacitance between scraper and powder can change with the gap of scraper and powder, and the change is exaggerated device and is converted to voltage
Signal is supplied to host computer, host computer that the position relationship of scraper and powder is judged by voltage signal.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that specific as follows：
Step 1：Scraper scraper and powder contact in powdering, judge whether capacitance is 0, and powder exception is scraped if being not 0；
Step 2：Scrape after the completion of powder, keep any one value in the gap of 0.1mm-0.5mm to be transported on powder between scraper and powder
Dynamic, capacitance is converted into magnitude of voltage output and should be fixed value；On the basis of using the fixed value, such as output deviates the fixed value and surpasses
Crossing 20% can be judged as out-of-flatness；
Step 3：After the completion of sintering, any one value in the gap of 0.1mm-0.5mm is kept to be transported on powder between scraper and powder
It is dynamic, to be moved on the powder after the completion of sintering, capacitance is converted into magnitude of voltage output and should be voltage fixed value；Using the electricity
On the basis of pressure fixed value, such as output deviates the voltage fixed value can be judged as out-of-flatness more than 20%；If capacitance signal is 0
The two poles of the earth conducting of electric capacity is illustrated, represents that scraper has encountered foreign matter, feed back to host computer, answer timely stop motion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510781413.2A CN105344999B (en) | 2015-11-15 | 2015-11-15 | The SLM powderings scraper and the method using the scraper of a kind of integrated capacitance sensing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510781413.2A CN105344999B (en) | 2015-11-15 | 2015-11-15 | The SLM powderings scraper and the method using the scraper of a kind of integrated capacitance sensing |
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| CN105344999A CN105344999A (en) | 2016-02-24 |
| CN105344999B true CN105344999B (en) | 2017-06-06 |
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| CN201510781413.2A Active CN105344999B (en) | 2015-11-15 | 2015-11-15 | The SLM powderings scraper and the method using the scraper of a kind of integrated capacitance sensing |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107584116A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2018-01-16 | 常兆芹 | Electric resistance welding formula metal three-dimensional printer and its application method |
| CN110340354B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2021-08-17 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Automatic scraper judging and selecting method for powder bed additive manufacturing |
| US11426936B2 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2022-08-30 | O. R. Lasertechnologie GmbH | Self leveling coating system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201572918U (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | Elastic powder laying device |
| CN104439242A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-25 | 华中科技大学 | Quick forming and powder auto-spreading mechanism and powder auto-spreading and sintering method |
| CN104498863A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-08 | 北京工业大学 | Fiber hairbrush scraper |
| CN104625062A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-20 | 重庆大学 | Reciprocating powder laying device for selective laser melting |
| CN104722758A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-24 | 西安交通大学 | Device for improving density of part directly formed through selective laser melting process |
| CN204604902U (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-09-02 | 杭州先临三维科技股份有限公司 | A kind of scraper voltage-stabilizing system |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006205456A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-10 | Toyota Motor Corp | Powder supply device for laminating and shaping powder |
| JP5301217B2 (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2013-09-25 | パナソニック株式会社 | Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for three-dimensional shaped object |
| CN103363888A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-23 | 浙江工业大学 | Capacitance sensor-based upper grinding disc floating distance on-line measuring device |
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2015
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201572918U (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | Elastic powder laying device |
| CN104439242A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-25 | 华中科技大学 | Quick forming and powder auto-spreading mechanism and powder auto-spreading and sintering method |
| CN104498863A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-08 | 北京工业大学 | Fiber hairbrush scraper |
| CN204604902U (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-09-02 | 杭州先临三维科技股份有限公司 | A kind of scraper voltage-stabilizing system |
| CN104625062A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-20 | 重庆大学 | Reciprocating powder laying device for selective laser melting |
| CN104722758A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-24 | 西安交通大学 | Device for improving density of part directly formed through selective laser melting process |
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| CN105344999A (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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Effective date of registration: 20200911 Address after: Room 1001-06, 10 / F, building 11, Wangjing Dongyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee after: KANGSHUO ELECTRIC GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100124 Chaoyang District, Beijing Ping Park, No. 100 Patentee before: Beijing University of Technology |