CN105303616B - Embossment modeling method based on single photo - Google Patents
Embossment modeling method based on single photo Download PDFInfo
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- CN105303616B CN105303616B CN201510832618.9A CN201510832618A CN105303616B CN 105303616 B CN105303616 B CN 105303616B CN 201510832618 A CN201510832618 A CN 201510832618A CN 105303616 B CN105303616 B CN 105303616B
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of embossment modeling method based on single photo, comprising: converts grayscale image for individual photochrome；Determine the profile and border of grayscale image；The height of embossment surface layer pixel is determined according to the gray value of grayscale image, constructs embossment upper surface, and construct the side surface of embossment；Based on profile and border, bottom surface is added to bottom thickness, the demand of shape according to technique；Reconstruct the tri patch on each surface；Generate STL format model file.By being pre-processed to obtain corresponding grayscale image to individual photochrome, embossment model is constructed according to the gray value of grayscale image, generate the STL format model file that can be directly used for 3D printing, it solves traditional multiple photos based on 3-D scanning or based on different angle and carries out the low technical problem of popularity present in three-dimensional reconstruction, more life-like threedimensional model can be provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer application technologies, specifically, being related to a kind of embossment modeling based on single photo
Method.
Background technique
Three-dimension modeling currently used for 3D printing there are mainly two types of approach: first is that by being obtained to three-dimensional scanning device
The data taken carry out three-dimensional reconstruction, but scanning device price is high, and popularity is low；Second is that by profession Three-dimensional Design Software into
Row three dimensional design, such mode require operator to have professional knowledge abundant, skillfully use modeling software, and operate
Complexity, the period is longer, therefore popularity is also relatively low.
Popularizing for digital camera is perfect with photographing function of mobile phone, so that the acquisition of digitized image is very easy, is based on
This, the technology for carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction based on photo in recent years is developed.Its method is several photographs by using different angle
Piece carries out three-dimensional reconstruction, but the technology needs to obtain the multiple photos of multiple angle shots, but common use by professional means
Family is difficult to obtain image by the means of profession, and popularity is not also high.
Summary of the invention
The embossment modeling method based on single photo that the present invention provides a kind of, by being located in advance to individual photochrome
Reason obtains corresponding grayscale image, constructs embossment model according to the gray value of grayscale image, solve it is traditional based on 3-D scanning or
Multiple photos based on different angle carry out the low technical problem of popularity present in three-dimensional reconstruction.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme:
It is proposed a kind of embossment modeling method based on single photo, comprising: convert grayscale image for individual photochrome；Really
Determine the profile and border of grayscale image；The height of embossment surface layer pixel is determined according to the gray value of grayscale image, constructs embossment upper surface, and
Construct the side surface of embossment；Based on profile and border, bottom surface is added to bottom thickness, the demand of shape according to technique；Reconstruct is each
The tri patch on a surface；Generate STL format model file.
Further, before the height that the gray value according to grayscale image determines embossment surface layer pixel, the method is also wrapped
It includes: grayscale image is filtered.
Further, grayscale image is converted by individual photochrome, specifically: it is based on gray=(R*299+G*587+B*
114) gray value of each pixel/1000, is obtained using weighted average method；Wherein, R, G, B are the face of photochrome pixel
Color value.
It is further, described that grayscale image is filtered, specifically: it is directed to current pixel selected pixels template；Meter
Calculate the gray average of all pixels in template pixel；The gray average assigns the current pixel；Wherein, the template pixel is
Multiple pixels of the current pixel neighbour form.
Further, the profile and border of the determining grayscale image, specifically: setting one square element, the pros
The side length of shape element be adjacent pixel center away from；Use the pixel of grayscale image after the square element traversal filtering；Record
In ergodic process, it is described square element it is every positioning one time when its four vertex gray value；Given threshold, it is traversed with determination
The state of four vertex correspondences of square element described in journey；Based on the state of four vertex correspondences in ergodic process, filter is determined
The profile and border of grayscale image after wave.
Further, the tri patch on each surface of reconstruct, to complete model surface three based on region growing algorithm
Angle gridding, specifically includes: the highest Z coordinate in query point cloud；With two abutment points of selection near highest Z coordinate point
Construct seed triangle；The normal vector for finding out the seed triangle, as entire relief surface triangle, the reference of dough sheet normal direction
Vector；Initial edge queue is established using three sides of the seed triangle；Go out team's a line from the queue of side, searches for abutment points
And construct new triangle；By the increased queue when being added as newly-built active edges of new triangle, circulation is sky until active edges.
Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
In embossment modeling method proposed by the present invention based on single photo, individual photochrome is converted to gray scale first
Figure, is filtered grayscale image, and smooth noise reduces the influence of noise on image；It is traversed using square element
All pixels point in grayscale image, determines the boundary contour of image, and the height of embossment upper surface pixel is determined according to gray value；It adopts
With region growing algorithm implementation model surface triangle gridding, the stl file that can be directly used for 3D printing is generated, algorithm, which is realized, to be held
Easily and effect is good, and only single photo is needed to can be realized, and the multiple photos for obtaining multi-angle without professional method carry out
Three-dimensional reconstruction is suitble to popularize, and solves traditional multiple photos based on 3-D scanning or based on different angle and carries out three
Tie up the low technical problem of popularity present in reconstruction technique.
After the detailed description of embodiment of the present invention is read in conjunction with the figure, the other features and advantages of the invention will become more
Add clear.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the embossment modeling method based on single photo that the embodiment of the present invention proposes；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the square element that the embodiment of the present invention proposes；
Fig. 3 is that the profile and border that the embodiment of the present invention proposes establishes schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the embossment modeling method proposed by the present invention based on single photo, includes the following steps:
Step S11: grayscale image is converted by individual photochrome.
The gray value of each pixel in individual photochrome is obtained using weighted average value-based algorithm, be specifically based on gray=
(R*299+G*587+B*114)/1000 it obtains, wherein R, G, B are the color value of photochrome pixel.
Step S12: grayscale image is filtered.This is preferred steps.
Specifically, for current pixel point (x, y) to be processed, selecting a template pixel, the picture in single photo
Plain template is made of several pixels of current pixel neighbour；Then calculate template pixel in all pixels gray average, then
The gray average assigns current pixel point (x, y), as the gray value g(x, y of image after processing at that point), i.e. g(x, y)=
1/m ∑ f(x, y), m is in the template comprising the total number of pixels including current pixel.
Step S13: the profile and border of grayscale image is determined.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, setting one square element, the side length of the square element are in adjacent pixel
The heart is away from four vertex are respectively labeled as a, b, c, d.Then a vertex a of square element is set as basic point.Wherein, pixel
Center away from the medium spacing for two adjacent pixels, determined by the resolution ratio of photo, then away from small, resolution ratio is low then at center for high resolution
Center is away from big；Picture resolution determines that then the center of pixel is away from determination.
Use the pixel of grayscale image after the traversal filtering of square element.Wherein, sequentially four basic points of square element
It is corresponding in turn to the pixel of grayscale image.Then it records in ergodic process, the ash on its four vertex at the every positioning of square element one time
Angle value.A threshold value is set, to determine the state of four vertex correspondences of square element in ergodic process, specifically, vertex
When the gray value of corresponding pixel is greater than threshold value, the state for identifying the vertex is " 1 ", is otherwise identified as " 0 ".As it can be seen that for one
For a square element, 16 kinds of states are corresponded to, as shown in following table one:
Table one
| State value (16 system) | a | b | c | d |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| A | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| B | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| C | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| D | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| E | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| F | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Finally, the state based on four vertex correspondences in ergodic process, determines the profile and border of grayscale image after filtering.Such as figure
Shown in 3, for the schematic diagram for the grayscale image that single photo is converted to, wherein band dash area is to influence entity, rest part is ash
Angle value is less than the blank space of threshold value.
The state of S1 corresponds to 0000, and square element is in solid exterior；
The state of S2 corresponds to 0001, and square element is in entity edge, and vertex d is on outer contour；
The state of S3 corresponds to 1111, and square element is in inside entity；
The state of S4 corresponds to 0100, and square element is in entity edge, and vertex b is on outer contour；
The state of S5 corresponds to 1000, and square element is in entity edge, and vertex a is on outer contour.
As it can be seen that the status indicator on four vertex when according to each square element positioning, it can be determined that current square
Element is in one of following three situation: 1, being located inside entity；2, it is located at solid exterior；3, it is located on outer contour.To
The pixel on all outer contours can be found out, and then can determine the boundary contour of bottom surface.
Step S14: determining the height of embossment surface layer pixel according to the gray value of grayscale image, constructs embossment upper surface, and structure
Build out the side surface of embossment.
In the step, using the gray value of pixel each in grayscale image by direct proportion as the height of embossment upper epidermis pixel,
The upper surface of embossment is constructed, while constructing the side surface of embossment.Side surface be profile and border line along Z-direction to top surface with
The curved surface that X/Y plane vertical line is constituted.
Step S15: being based on profile and border, adds bottom surface to bottom thickness, the demand of shape according to technique.
On the basis of the grayscale image profile and border that step S13 is determined, bottom thickness, the demand of shape are added according to technique
Bottom surface.
Step S16: the tri patch on each surface is reconstructed.
It is specially based on region growing algorithm, the triangle gridding of model surface is completed using interpolation subdividing, comprising: in structure
Two abutment points are selected to construct seed triangles at inquiry highest Z coordinate in the point cloud on each surface, and in its vicinity；Find out kind
The normal vector of sub- triangle, the reference vector as entire relief surface tri patch normal direction；Utilize three of seed triangle
While establishing initial edge queue；Go out team's a line from the queue of side, searches for its abutment points and construct new triangle；New triangle is increased
The queue when being added as newly-built active edges added, cyclic search and establishes new triangle, until active edges terminate for sky.
Step S17: STL(Standard template library, Standard Template Library are generated) format model file.
The stl file that can be directly used for 3D printing is generated, requirement of the 3D printing to threedimensional model is met.
In the embossment modeling method based on single photo that aforementioned present invention proposes, individual photochrome is converted to gray scale
Figure, is filtered grayscale image, and smooth noise reduces the influence of noise on image；It is traversed using square element
All pixels point in grayscale image, determines the boundary contour of image；The height of embossment upper surface pixel is determined according to gray value；It adopts
With region growing algorithm implementation model surface triangle gridding, the stl file that can be directly used for 3D printing is generated, algorithm, which is realized, to be held
Easily and effect is good, and only single photo is needed to can be realized, and the multiple photos for obtaining multi-angle without professional method carry out
Three-dimensional reconstruction is suitble to popularize, and solves traditional multiple photos based on 3-D scanning or based on different angle and carries out three
Tie up the low technical problem of popularity present in reconstruction technique.
It should be noted that the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, the present invention is also not limited to the example above,
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that those skilled in the art are made within the essential scope of the present invention, are also answered
It belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the embossment modeling method based on single photo characterized by comprising
Grayscale image is converted by individual photochrome；
Determine the profile and border of grayscale image；
The height of embossment surface layer pixel is determined according to the gray value of grayscale image, constructs embossment upper surface, and construct the side of embossment
Surface；
Based on profile and border, bottom surface is added to bottom thickness, the demand of shape according to technique；
Reconstruct the tri patch on each surface；
Generate STL format model file；
The profile and border of the determining grayscale image, specifically:
Set a square element, the square side length be adjacent pixel center away from；
Use the pixel of grayscale image after the square element traversal filtering；
Record ergodic process in, it is described square element it is every positioning one time when its four vertex gray value；Given threshold, with true
Determine the state of four vertex correspondences of square element described in ergodic process；
Based on the state of four vertex correspondences in ergodic process, the profile and border of grayscale image after filtering is determined.
2. the embossment modeling method according to claim 1 based on single photo, which is characterized in that according to grayscale image
Before gray value determines the height of embossment surface layer pixel, the method also includes:
Grayscale image is filtered.
3. the embossment modeling method according to claim 1 based on single photo, which is characterized in that by individual photochrome
It is converted into grayscale image, specifically:
Based on gray=(R*299+G*587+B*114)/1000, the gray value of each pixel is obtained using weighted average method；
Wherein, R, G, B are the color value of photochrome pixel.
4. the embossment modeling method according to claim 2 based on single photo, which is characterized in that it is described to grayscale image into
Row filtering processing, specifically:
For current pixel selected pixels template；
Calculate the gray average of all pixels in template pixel；
The gray average assigns the current pixel；
Wherein, the template pixel is that multiple pixels of the current pixel neighbour form.
5. the embossment modeling method according to claim 1 based on single photo, which is characterized in that each table of reconstruct
The tri patch in face, specifically includes:
Highest Z coordinate in query point cloud；
Seed triangles are being constructed with two abutment points of selection near highest Z coordinate point；
The normal vector for finding out the seed triangle, the reference vector as entire relief surface tri patch normal direction；
Utilize three queues when establishing of the seed triangle；
Go out team's a line from the queue of side, search for abutment points and constructs new triangle；
By the increased queue when being added as newly-built active edges of new triangle, circulation is sky until active edges.
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| CN110751665B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-06-01 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Method and system for reconstructing 3D portrait model by portrait embossment |
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