CN105277787B - Electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique and system - Google Patents
Electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique and systems, including：Utilize synchronizing voltage sample circuit, control unit, entire car controller, the first biasing resistor, the second biasing resistor, electronic switch K1, electronic switch K2Establish electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system；Measure the nominal voltage of the nominal voltage and each unit battery module of the series battery of electric vehicle；Calculate the equivalent parallel insulation resistance and equivalent voltage source voltage of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system.By the resistance value of each unit battery module in the series battery by electric vehicle compared with equivalent parallel insulation resistance, to realize inline diagnosis insulation fault, and tuning on-line is carried out to insulation fault.The multiple equivalent parallel insulation resistances for calculating electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system different moments fit the curvilinear equation of time change and equivalent parallel insulation resistance, realize the prediction that insulation faults at different levels with remaining time occur.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fault diagnosis fields, and in particular, to electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique and system.
Background technology
Electric vehicle has become the emphasis and hot spot of global evolution.To meet high-power electrically driven (operated) demand, electric vehicle
General high voltage DC power supply.High-voltage safety, which has become in electric vehicle application, needs the key problem in technology solved first, to vehicle
The safety of the safety of itself, the safety of driver and passenger and vehicle running environment has highly important influence.Wherein, it insulate
Failure is the important content of electric automobile high-voltage safety management.But existing electric automobile high-voltage safety manages system, deposits
In the functional deficiency problem for realizing prediction and positioning to insulation fault.Usually there is high voltage electrical isolation safety failure in vehicle
After be diagnosed to be the failure, then carry out security control, lack the early warning mechanism to insulation fault, also can not to insulation weakness into
Row reliable location leads to not remind driver and passenger to take effectively for the insulation fault that will occur before insulation fault occurs
Protection, also can do nothing to help maintenance personal's rapid-maintenance exclude insulation fault.
A notification number is CN103605056A through the literature search of existing technologies, the day for announcing is in February, 2014
16 days, the Chinese patent that patent name is " a kind of high voltage direct current insulation monitoring device and electric vehicle ", the patented technology are main
Including two current-limiting resistances, sampling resistor, build-out resistor, signal generating unit, control unit and power supply unit, control unit is logical
It crosses instruction subelement, sampling subelement and computation subunit and insulating resistance value is calculated, can monitor dynamically, in real time electronic
Automobile insulation performance.Disadvantage is that insulation fault cannot be positioned, can not predict occur but not yet send out
Raw insulation fault.
Invention content
For the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction sides
Method and system.
According to a kind of electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system provided by the invention, including：Synchronizing voltage sampling electricity
Road, control unit, entire car controller, the first biasing resistor, the second biasing resistor, electronic switch K1, electronic switch K2, described same
Positive pole, the cathode of step voltage sampling circuit are separately connected total anode, the total negative terminal of the series battery of electric vehicle, described
First output end of synchronizing voltage sample circuit is connected with the first digital-to-analogue port AD1 of described control unit, the synchronizing voltage
The second output terminal of sample circuit is connected with the second digital-to-analogue port AD2 of described control unit, the synchronizing voltage sample circuit
Ground terminal with vehicle body be connected, and the synchronizing voltage sample circuit receive described control unit sampling instruction control；
Described control unit is interconnected by CAN communication port and entire car controller；One end of first biasing resistor, the second biased electrical
One end of resistance passes through electronic switch K respectively1, electronic switch K2It is negative with total anode of the series battery of electric vehicle or always
End is connected, and the other end of first biasing resistor, the other end of the second biasing resistor are with being connected to vehicle body；The wherein described electricity
Sub switch K1, electronic switch K2The control signal that can receive described control unit executes conducting and disconnection action, and described first
Biasing resistor, the resistance value of the second biasing resistor are different.
Preferably, the electronic switch K1, electronic switch K2For light-operated MOS relays, i.e., by receiving described control unit
Optical signal control execute conducting and disconnection action.
According to a kind of electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique provided by the invention, include the following steps：
Step 1：Establish electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system described in claim 1；Utilize the electronic vapour
Vehicle insulation resistance failure prediction system executes following steps：
Step 2：In the nominal voltage of series battery and the series battery of the electric vehicle that measure electric vehicle
The nominal voltage of each unit battery module；
When disconnecting the second biasing resistor, and connecting the first biasing resistor, the total negative terminal of series battery of electric vehicle is measured
The terminal voltage of the series battery of voltage value and the electric vehicle between vehicle body ground, and the electronic vapour is calculated
When voltage value between the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle body ground of vehicle is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle
Nominal voltage under value；
When disconnecting the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the total negative terminal of series battery of electric vehicle is measured
The terminal voltage of the series battery of voltage value and the electric vehicle between vehicle body ground, and the electronic vapour is calculated
When voltage value between the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle body ground of vehicle is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle
Nominal voltage under value；
Step 3：Calculate the equivalent parallel insulation resistance of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system and equivalent electricity
Potential source voltage；
Step 4：It is exhausted by the resistance value of each unit battery module in the series battery by electric vehicle and equivalent parallel
Edge resistance compares, to realize inline diagnosis insulation fault；
Step 5：After being diagnosed to be insulation fault, tuning on-line is carried out to insulation fault；
Further include following steps：
Step i：It is calculated whithin a period of time by executing step 3, the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system
Multiple equivalent parallel insulation resistances of different moments, online fitting go out the curve of time change and the equivalent parallel insulation resistance
Equation realizes the prediction that insulation faults at different levels with remaining time occur.
Preferably, the step 2 includes：
Step 2.1：Measure the nominal voltage of electric vehicle series battery；One end of the electric vehicle series battery
It is connected to biasing resistor between vehicle body ground, from the other end in the series battery of the electric vehicle, by each single battery
The nominal voltage of module number consecutively, i-th of unit battery module is denoted as Vi, wherein i=1~n, wherein from the electronic vapour
First unit battery module number that the other end rises in vehicle series battery is 1, the nominal electricity of first unit battery module
Pressure is denoted as V1；
Step 2.2：The second biasing resistor is disconnected, and connects the first biasing resistor, measures the series battery of electric vehicle
The always voltage value and battery pack terminal voltage between negative terminal and vehicle body ground, is calculated the total negative terminal of series battery of electric vehicle
Nominal voltage V when voltage between vehicle body ground is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle0Under value；It calculates
Formula is as follows：
Vn1rev=Vn1×V0/Va1；
In formula：Vn1When indicating to disconnect the second biasing resistor, and connecting the first biasing resistor, the series-connected cell of electric vehicle
Voltage value between the total negative terminal of group and vehicle body ground；V0Indicate the nominal voltage of the series battery of the electric vehicle；Va1It indicates
When disconnecting the second biasing resistor, and connecting the first biasing resistor, the terminal voltage of the series battery of electric vehicle；Vn1revIt indicates
Vn1Nominal voltage V when the same end of the unified series battery for arriving electric vehicle0Under value；
Step 2.3：When disconnecting the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the series-connected cell of electric vehicle is measured
Voltage value between the total negative terminal of group and vehicle body ground and battery pack terminal voltage, and the series battery that electric vehicle is calculated is total
Nominal voltage V when negative voltage between terminals and vehicle body ground is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle0Under
Value；Calculation formula is as follows：
Vn2rev=Vn2×V0/Va2；
In formula：Vn2When indicating to disconnect the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the series-connected cell of electric vehicle
Voltage value between the total negative terminal of group and vehicle body ground；Va2It is electronic when indicating to disconnect the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor
The terminal voltage of the series battery of automobile；Vn2revIndicate Vn2Mark when the same end of the unified series battery for arriving electric vehicle
Claim voltage V0Under value.
Preferably, the step 3 includes：
Step 3.1：The equivalent parallel insulation resistance of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system is calculated, is calculated public
Formula is as follows：
In formula：Rn1Indicate the resistance value of the first biasing resistor, Rn2Indicate the resistance value of the second biasing resistor, R0Indicate it is equivalent simultaneously
Join insulation resistance；
Step 3.2：Calculate the equivalent voltage source voltage of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system, calculation formula
It is any of following：
In formula：U0Indicate equivalent voltage source voltage.
Preferably, the step 4 includes：Pass through the resistance of each unit battery module in the series battery by electric vehicle
Value is compared with the resistance value of equivalent parallel insulation resistance, to realize inline diagnosis insulation fault；Wherein, to the series connection of electric vehicle
Each unit battery module is numbered in battery pack, and the resistance value at j-th of unit battery module is enabled to be set as R0j,J=1~n；
When there is R0≤R0jWhen, then it is assumed that there is insulation fault at j-th of unit battery module.
Preferably, the step 5 includes：
Step 5.1：Determine that there are the series batteries for after insulation fault, finding out electric vehicle according to the method for step 4
In the most weak unit battery module of insulation, calculation formula is as follows：
Wherein j=1~n；
In formula：ViIndicate the nominal voltage of i-th of unit battery module；
Step 5.2：More each ΔjValue, wherein ΔjIt is institute at j-th of unit battery module corresponding to minimum value
State the most weak unit battery module that insulate.
Preferably, the step i includes：It is calculated within nearly a period of time using the method for step 3, the electric vehicle is exhausted
Multiple equivalent parallel insulation resistance R of edge Resistance Fault forecasting system0, online fitting go out the time t variation with the equivalent parallel
Insulation resistance R0Curvilinear equation, i.e. t=f (R0), calculate R using the curvilinear equation0Reach R0jThe required time, to
Realize the prediction for j-th stage insulation fault occurring remaining time.
Preferably, it can be calculated according to the obtained equivalent voltage source voltage value of step 3 and equivalent parallel insulation resistance
Leakage current, calculation formula are as follows：
Ileak=U0/R0；
In formula：IleakIndicate the leakage current of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantageous effect：
1, method provided by the invention realizes the diagnosis to insulation fault grade, to make whole-control system, battery
Management system etc. carries out more scientific and reasonable high-voltage safety management according to insulation degradation situation and is possibly realized.
2, method provided by the invention realizes the positioning to insulation fault, contributes to after insulation fault occurs to repair people
Member can quickly exclude insulation fault, improve the efficiency of maintenance activity and reduce maintenance cost, while being alternatively related Curve guide impeller
Foundation is provided.
3, method provided by the invention realizes the prediction to insulation fault, to make to exclude in advance insulation fault risk at
In order to possible.
4, test indicate that, insulation of the present invention prediction positioning diagnosticing method have insulation resistance detection error≤
2.8%, insulation tube arrester is accurate, insulation fault location is accurate and insulation fault predicts accurately high-precision and high reliability.
5, method provided by the invention, is applicable not only to electric vehicle, to hybrid vehicle, fuel cell car, also
Suitable for energy-storage system, the series battery of electric vehicle, series capacitance group etc..
6, method provided by the invention has filled up the blank of existing similar technique, effectively prevents because of battery insulation failure
Caused fire, equipment and personal injury.
Description of the drawings
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram that electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault provided by the invention predicts positioning diagnosticing method；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault provided by the invention predicts positioning diagnosticing method.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
According to a kind of electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system provided by the invention, including：Synchronizing voltage sampling electricity
Road, control unit, entire car controller, the first biasing resistor, the second biasing resistor, electronic switch K1, electronic switch K2, described same
Positive pole, the cathode of step voltage sampling circuit are separately connected total anode, the total negative terminal of the series battery of electric vehicle, described
First output end of synchronizing voltage sample circuit is connected with the first digital-to-analogue port AD1 of described control unit, the synchronizing voltage
The second output terminal of sample circuit is connected with the second digital-to-analogue port AD2 of described control unit, the synchronizing voltage sample circuit
Ground terminal with vehicle body be connected, and the synchronizing voltage sample circuit receive described control unit sampling instruction control；
Described control unit is interconnected by CAN communication port and entire car controller；One end of first biasing resistor, the second biased electrical
One end of resistance passes through electronic switch K respectively1, electronic switch K2It is negative with total anode of the series battery of electric vehicle or always
End is connected, and the other end of first biasing resistor, the other end of the second biasing resistor are with being connected to vehicle body；The wherein described electricity
Sub switch K1, electronic switch K2The control signal that can receive described control unit executes conducting and disconnection action, and described first
Biasing resistor, the resistance value of the second biasing resistor are different.
Preferably, the electronic switch K1, electronic switch K2For light-operated MOS relays, i.e., by receiving described control unit
Optical signal control execute conducting and disconnection action.
Specifically, the insulation resistance failure predication positioning diagnosticing method is applied to battery management system, high-voltage safety
In control system or whole-control system, formed with insulation resistance failure predication level diagnosis function battery management system,
High-voltage safety control system or whole-control system.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, setting biasing resistor, the two PhotoMOS relay K there are two different resistance values in figure1And K2、
One voltage synchronous sampling circuit, a control unit and an entire car controller, wherein：First biasing resistor and the second biasing
Resistance respectively with the first MOS relays K01With the 2nd MOS relays K02After series connection again respectively with the series battery of electric vehicle
Total negative terminals with vehicle body be connected, voltage synchronous sampling circuit is just connecing with the total of the series battery of electric vehicle respectively
Line end, always negative terminals with vehicle body are connected, AD1 mouths of control unit, AD2 mouthful and it is synchronous keep sampling instruct S respectively with
Voltage synchronous sampling circuit is connected, and control unit is also respectively by controlling signal C1 and C2 and the first MOS relays K01With
Two MOS relays K02It is connected, control unit is connected with entire car controller communication CAN communication.
Further, control unit is by controlling signal C1, control signal C2 control PhotoMOS relays K01And K02It leads
Logical or cut-off, to the variation of interpolation resistance in realization system.By the insulation resistance failure predication positioning diagnosticing method, meter
Remaining time that the insulation fault grade that obtains, insulation fault position, prediction insulation fault occur, equivalent insulating resistance value,
The information such as leakage current can also be directly displayed to remind driver in instrument, and prison can also be transmitted to by telecommunication
Control center is to realize the statistical analysis to a large amount of vehicle state of insulations and big data processing etc..
According to a kind of electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique provided by the invention, include the following steps：
Step 1：Establish electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system described in claim 1；Utilize the electronic vapour
Vehicle insulation resistance failure prediction system executes following steps：
Step 2：In the nominal voltage of series battery and the series battery of the electric vehicle that measure electric vehicle
The nominal voltage of each unit battery module；
When disconnecting the second biasing resistor, and connecting the first biasing resistor, the total negative terminal of series battery of electric vehicle is measured
The terminal voltage of the series battery of voltage value and the electric vehicle between vehicle body ground, and the electronic vapour is calculated
When voltage value between the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle body ground of vehicle is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle
Nominal voltage under value；
When disconnecting the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the total negative terminal of series battery of electric vehicle is measured
The terminal voltage of the series battery of voltage value and the electric vehicle between vehicle body ground, and the electronic vapour is calculated
When voltage value between the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle body ground of vehicle is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle
Nominal voltage under value；
Step 3：Calculate the equivalent parallel insulation resistance of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system and equivalent electricity
Potential source voltage；
Step 4：It is exhausted by the resistance value of each unit battery module in the series battery by electric vehicle and equivalent parallel
Edge resistance compares, to realize inline diagnosis insulation fault；
Step 5：After being diagnosed to be insulation fault, tuning on-line is carried out to insulation fault；
Further include following steps：
Step i：It is calculated whithin a period of time by executing step 3, the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system
Multiple equivalent parallel insulation resistances of different moments, online fitting go out the curve of time change and the equivalent parallel insulation resistance
Equation realizes the prediction that insulation faults at different levels with remaining time occur.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, by synchronized sampling battery pack terminal voltage with connect the electric vehicle after biasing resistor
Voltage between series battery negative terminal and vehicle body ground calculates equivalent parallel insulation resistance, and then realizes to insulation resistance
On-line checking and insulation tube arrester, fault location and failure predication, calculate leakage current.Utilize constant pressure source and resistance
Series connection can regard the constant-current source principle in parallel with resistance as, by each unit battery module in the series battery of electric vehicle and
The circuit of insulation resistance and each unit battery module composition between vehicle body ground is converted into an equivalent voltage source and one equivalent
The series connection of insulation resistance in parallel.
Preferably, the step 2 includes：
Step 2.1：Measure the nominal voltage of electric vehicle series battery；One end of the electric vehicle series battery
It is connected to biasing resistor between vehicle body ground, from the other end in the series battery of the electric vehicle, by each single battery
The nominal voltage of module number consecutively, i-th of unit battery module is denoted as Vi, wherein i=1~n, wherein from the electronic vapour
First unit battery module number that the other end rises in vehicle series battery is 1, the nominal electricity of first unit battery module
Pressure is denoted as V1；
Step 2.2：The second biasing resistor is disconnected, and connects the first biasing resistor, measures the series battery of electric vehicle
The always voltage value and battery pack terminal voltage between negative terminal and vehicle body ground, is calculated the total negative terminal of series battery of electric vehicle
Nominal voltage V when voltage between vehicle body ground is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle0Under value；It calculates
Formula is as follows：
Vn1rev=Vn1×V0/Va1；
In formula：Vn1When indicating to disconnect the second biasing resistor, and connecting the first biasing resistor, the series-connected cell of electric vehicle
Voltage value between the total negative terminal of group and vehicle body ground；V0Indicate the nominal voltage of the series battery of the electric vehicle；Va1It indicates
When disconnecting the second biasing resistor, and connecting the first biasing resistor, the terminal voltage of the series battery of electric vehicle；Vn1revIt indicates
Vn1Nominal voltage V when the same end of the unified series battery for arriving electric vehicle0Under value；
Specifically, control unit connects the first MOS relays K by controlling signal C101After accessing the first biasing resistor, lead to
Cross the terminal voltage and electricity of the synchronous series battery for keeping sampling instruction S that voltage synchronous sampling circuit synchronization is made to keep electric vehicle
The series battery of electrical automobile always bears the voltage between terminals and vehicle body ground, is protected after the retention time passes through, then by synchronous
Holding sampling instruction S makes voltage synchronous sampling circuit be in sample states, and samples electric vehicle respectively by AD1 mouthfuls and AD2 mouthfuls
The terminal voltage of series battery and the series battery of electric vehicle always bear voltage between terminals and vehicle body ground through voltage
Output voltage signal after synchronized sampling circuit.
Step 2.3：When disconnecting the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the series-connected cell of electric vehicle is measured
Voltage value between the total negative terminal of group and vehicle body ground and battery pack terminal voltage, and the series battery that electric vehicle is calculated is total
Nominal voltage V when negative voltage between terminals and vehicle body ground is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle0Under
Value；Calculation formula is as follows：
Vn2rev=Vn2×V0/Va2；
In formula：Vn2When indicating to disconnect the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the series-connected cell of electric vehicle
Voltage value between the total negative terminal of group and vehicle body ground；Va2It is electronic when indicating to disconnect the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor
The terminal voltage of the series battery of automobile；Vn2revIndicate Vn2Mark when the same end of the unified series battery for arriving electric vehicle
Claim voltage V0Under value.Specifically, described control unit has communication module by the insulation fault grade, insulation fault position
It sets, predict that the information such as remaining time, equivalent insulating resistance value, leakage current that insulation fault occurs are sent to entire car controller, electricity
Pond management system etc..
Specifically, control unit connects the 2nd MOS relays K by controlling signal C202After accessing the second biasing resistor, lead to
Cross the terminal voltage and electricity of the synchronous series battery for keeping sampling instruction S that voltage synchronous sampling circuit synchronization is made to keep electric vehicle
The series battery of electrical automobile always bears the voltage between terminals and vehicle body ground, is protected after the retention time passes through, then by synchronous
Holding sampling instruction S makes voltage synchronous sampling circuit be in sample states, and samples electric vehicle respectively by AD1 mouthfuls and AD2 mouthfuls
The terminal voltage of series battery and the terminal voltage of series battery of electric vehicle and the series battery of electric vehicle always bear
Output voltage signal of the voltage after voltage synchronous sampling circuit between terminals and vehicle body ground.
Preferably, the step 3 includes：
Step 3.1：The equivalent parallel insulation resistance of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system is calculated, is calculated public
Formula is as follows：
In formula：Rn1Indicate the resistance value of the first biasing resistor, Rn2Indicate the resistance value of the second biasing resistor, R0Indicate it is equivalent simultaneously
Join insulation resistance；
Step 3.2：Calculate the equivalent voltage source voltage of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system, calculation formula
It is any of following：
In formula：U0Indicate equivalent voltage source voltage.
Preferably, the step 4 includes：Pass through the resistance of each unit battery module in the series battery by electric vehicle
Value is compared with the resistance value of equivalent parallel insulation resistance, to realize inline diagnosis insulation fault；Wherein, to the series connection of electric vehicle
Each unit battery module is numbered in battery pack, and the resistance value at j-th of unit battery module is enabled to be set as R0j,J=1~n；
When there is R0≤R0jWhen, then it is assumed that there is insulation fault at j-th of unit battery module.
Step 5.1：Determine that there are the series batteries for after insulation fault, finding out electric vehicle according to the method for step 4
In the most weak unit battery module of insulation, calculation formula is as follows：
Wherein j=1~n；
In formula：ViIndicate the nominal voltage of i-th of unit battery module；
Step 5.2：More each ΔjValue, wherein ΔjIt is institute at j-th of unit battery module corresponding to minimum value
State the most weak unit battery module that insulate.
Preferably, the step i includes：It is calculated within nearly a period of time using the method for step 3, the electric vehicle is exhausted
Multiple equivalent parallel insulation resistance R of edge Resistance Fault forecasting system0, online fitting go out the time t variation with the equivalent parallel
Insulation resistance R0Curvilinear equation, i.e. t=f (R0), calculate R using the curvilinear equation0Reach R0jThe required time, to
Realize the prediction for j-th stage insulation fault occurring remaining time.
Preferably, it can be calculated according to the obtained equivalent voltage source voltage value of step 3 and equivalent parallel insulation resistance
Leakage current, calculation formula are as follows：
Ileak=U0/R0；
In formula：IleakIndicate the leakage current of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system.
The present invention applies and electric vehicle：The diagnosis to insulation fault grade is not only realized, to make full-vehicle control system
System, battery management system etc. carry out more scientific and reasonable high-voltage safety management according to insulation degradation situation and are possibly realized；Also
Contribute to the maintenance personal after insulation fault occurs that can quickly exclude insulation fault, improves the efficiency of maintenance activity and reduce and repair
Cost, while being alternatively related Curve guide impeller and foundation is provided；More make to exclude insulation fault risk in advance to become possibility.The present invention
The insulation prediction positioning diagnosticing method has filled up the blank of existing similar technique, effectively prevents because being produced when battery insulation failure
Raw huge short circuit current and the equipment of fire, generation further caused and personal injury, the industrialized development to electric vehicle
Have great importance and acts on.Test indicate that insulation prediction positioning diagnosticing method of the present invention is examined with insulation resistance
Survey error≤2.8%, insulation tube arrester is accurate, insulation fault location is accurate and insulation fault prediction is accurately in high precision and high
Reliability.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system, which is characterized in that including：Synchronizing voltage sample circuit, control
Unit, entire car controller, the first biasing resistor, the second biasing resistor, electronic switch K1, electronic switch K2, the synchronizing voltage adopts
Positive pole, the cathode of sample circuit are separately connected total anode, the total negative terminal of the series battery of electric vehicle, the synchronizing voltage
First output end of sample circuit is connected with the first digital-to-analogue port AD1 of described control unit, the synchronizing voltage sample circuit
Second output terminal be connected with the second digital-to-analogue port AD2 of described control unit, the ground terminal of the synchronizing voltage sample circuit
With vehicle body it is connected, and the synchronizing voltage sample circuit receives the control of the sampling instruction of described control unit；The control
Unit is interconnected by CAN communication port and entire car controller；One end of first biasing resistor, one end of the second biasing resistor
Pass through electronic switch K respectively1, electronic switch K2It is connected with total anode of the series battery of electric vehicle or total negative terminal, institute
The other end of the other end, the second biasing resistor of stating the first biasing resistor is with being connected to vehicle body；The wherein described electronic switch K1、
Electronic switch K2The control signal that can receive described control unit executes conducting and disconnection action, and first biased electrical
Resistance, the resistance value of the second biasing resistor are different；
The electronic switch K1, electronic switch K2For light-operated MOS relays, i.e., the optical signal by receiving described control unit
Control executes conducting and disconnection action.
2. a kind of electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Establish electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system described in claim 1；It is exhausted using the electric vehicle
Edge Resistance Fault forecasting system executes following steps：
Step 2：It is each in the nominal voltage of series battery and the series battery of the electric vehicle of measurement electric vehicle
The nominal voltage of unit battery module；
When disconnecting the second biasing resistor, and connecting the first biasing resistor, the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle of electric vehicle are measured
The terminal voltage of the series battery of voltage value and the electric vehicle between body ground, and the electric vehicle is calculated
Mark when voltage value between the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle body ground is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle
Claim the value under voltage；
When disconnecting the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle of electric vehicle are measured
The terminal voltage of the series battery of voltage value and the electric vehicle between body ground, and the electric vehicle is calculated
Mark when voltage value between the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle body ground is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle
Claim the value under voltage；
Step 3：Calculate the equivalent parallel insulation resistance and equivalent voltage source of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system
Voltage；
Step 4：Pass through the resistance value of each unit battery module in the series battery by electric vehicle and equivalent parallel insulated electro
Resistance is compared, to realize inline diagnosis insulation fault；
Step 5：After being diagnosed to be insulation fault, tuning on-line is carried out to insulation fault；
Further include following steps：
Step i：It is calculated whithin a period of time by executing step 3, the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system is different
Multiple equivalent parallel insulation resistances at moment, online fitting go out the curve side of time change and the equivalent parallel insulation resistance
Journey realizes the prediction that insulation faults at different levels with remaining time occur.
3. electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step 2 packet
It includes：
Step 2.1：Measure the nominal voltage of electric vehicle series battery；One end of the electric vehicle series battery and vehicle
Body is connected to biasing resistor between ground, from the other end in the series battery of the electric vehicle, by each unit battery module
The nominal voltage of number consecutively, i-th of unit battery module is denoted as Vi, wherein i=1~n, wherein from the electric vehicle string
First unit battery module number that the other end rises in connection battery pack is 1, the nominal voltage note of first unit battery module
For V1；
Step 2.2：The second biasing resistor is disconnected, and connects the first biasing resistor, the series battery for measuring electric vehicle is always born
Voltage value between end and vehicle body ground and battery pack terminal voltage, are calculated the total negative terminal of series battery and vehicle of electric vehicle
Nominal voltage V when voltage between body ground is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle0Under value；Calculation formula
It is as follows：
Vn1rev=Vn1×V0/Va1；
In formula：Vn1When indicating to disconnect the second biasing resistor, and connecting the first biasing resistor, the series battery of electric vehicle is always born
Voltage value between end and vehicle body ground；V0Indicate the nominal voltage of the series battery of the electric vehicle；Va1It indicates to disconnect the
Two biasing resistors, and when the first biasing resistor of connection, the terminal voltage of the series battery of electric vehicle；Vn1revIndicate Vn1It is unified
To the series battery of electric vehicle the same end when nominal voltage V0Under value；
Step 2.3：When disconnecting the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the series battery for measuring electric vehicle is total
Voltage value between negative terminal and vehicle body ground and battery pack terminal voltage, and the series battery that electric vehicle is calculated always is born and is connect
Nominal voltage V when voltage between line end and vehicle body ground is unified to the same end of the series battery of electric vehicle0Under value；
Calculation formula is as follows：
Vn2rev=Vn2×V0/Va2；
In formula：Vn2When indicating to disconnect the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, the series battery of electric vehicle is always born
Voltage value between end and vehicle body ground；Va2When indicating to disconnect the first biasing resistor, and connecting the second biasing resistor, electric vehicle
The terminal voltage of series battery；Vn2revIndicate Vn2Nominal voltage when the same end of the unified series battery for arriving electric vehicle
V0Under value.
4. electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step 3 packet
It includes：
Step 3.1：The equivalent parallel insulation resistance of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system is calculated, calculation formula is such as
Under：
In formula：Rn1Indicate the resistance value of the first biasing resistor, Rn2Indicate the resistance value of the second biasing resistor, R0Indicate that equivalent parallel is exhausted
Edge resistance；
Step 3.2：The equivalent voltage source voltage of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system is calculated, calculation formula is as follows
Any of：
In formula：U0Indicate equivalent voltage source voltage.
5. electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step 4 packet
It includes：Pass through the resistance value of the resistance value of each unit battery module and equivalent parallel insulation resistance in the series battery by electric vehicle
Compare, to realize inline diagnosis insulation fault；Wherein, each unit battery module in the series battery of electric vehicle is carried out
Number, and the resistance value at j-th of unit battery module is enabled to be set as R0j, j=1~n；
When there is R0≤R0jWhen, then it is assumed that there is insulation fault at j-th of unit battery module.
6. electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step 5 packet
It includes：
Step 5.1：It is determined there are after insulation fault, is found out in the series battery of electric vehicle according to the method for step 4
The most weak unit battery module of insulation, calculation formula are as follows：
Wherein j=1~n；
In formula：ViIndicate the nominal voltage of i-th of unit battery module；
Step 5.2：More each ΔjValue, wherein ΔjIt is described exhausted at j-th of unit battery module corresponding to minimum value
The most weak unit battery module of edge.
7. electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step i packets
It includes：Calculated within nearly a period of time using the method for step 3, the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system it is multiple etc.
Effect insulation resistance R in parallel0, online fitting go out the time t variation with the equivalent parallel insulation resistance R0Curvilinear equation, i.e. t=f
(R0), calculate R using the curvilinear equation0Reach R0jTo realize to j-th stage insulation fault residue occurs for the required time
The prediction of time.
8. electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault prediction technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that according to step 3 institute
Obtained equivalent voltage source voltage value and equivalent parallel insulation resistance can calculate leakage current, and calculation formula is as follows：
Ileak=U0/R0；
In formula：IleakIndicate the leakage current of the electric automobile insulation Resistance Fault forecasting system.
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| CN107290671A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-24 | 江苏陆地方舟新能源电动汽车有限公司 | A kind of insulating monitoring module of batteries of electric automobile |
| CN107144735A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-08 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of batteries of electric automobile group insulaion resistance detecting system, method and electric automobile |
| CN106997007B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2023-06-02 | 上海炙云新能源科技有限公司 | Insulation resistance measuring device and method for electric automobile direct-current high-voltage system |
| CN109239562B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2022-08-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Train and insulation detection system of train |
| CN109239538B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2022-08-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Train and insulation detection system of train |
| CN109239537B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2022-08-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Train and insulation detection system of train |
| CN110967558A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-04-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Insulation resistance value detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112014641B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2023-09-15 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for testing insulation resistance detection precision of whole electric automobile |
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| KR20210060210A (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-26 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | Apparatus for estimating Insulation Resistance and Battery System using the same |
| CN111308376A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-19 | 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 | Power battery insulation monitoring method, system and device |
| CN113306397B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2023-04-07 | 宇通客车股份有限公司 | Insulation failure positioning method and system of battery system and new energy automobile |
| CN111579872B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-09-30 | 上汽通用汽车有限公司 | System and method for monitoring automobile insulation resistance in real time |
| CN111766537A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-13 | 海南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Insulation trend analysis method for direct current system |
| CN112083299B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2023-05-26 | 国网重庆市电力公司北碚供电分公司 | DC system insulation fault prediction method based on Kalman filtering |
| CN115825790B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2023-10-17 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Early warning method, device and system for battery insulation fault and computer equipment |
| CN115541981A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-30 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | System, method and equipment for detecting voltage of electric pile and storage medium |
| CN117554766B (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-03-26 | 成都瑞讯物联科技有限公司 | Insulation on-line monitoring method and monitoring device |
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