CN105196877A - Health state diagnosis early-warning circuit and method of electric automobile high-voltage system - Google Patents
Health state diagnosis early-warning circuit and method of electric automobile high-voltage system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a health state diagnosis early-warning circuit and method of an electric automobile high-voltage system. The circuit comprises an insulation resistance detection module, a connecting resistance detection module, a battery management module, a motor control module, a pre-charging monitoring module, a relay monitoring module and a control computing module. The modules are used for detecting an insulation resistance value between a serial-connection battery pack of an electric automobile and an automobile body, a connecting resistance value of a high-voltage circuit, the health state, voltage and current of the serial-connection battery pack, a fault grade of a driving motor system, voltage and current of the direct-current input end of the driving motor system, a fault grade of a pre-charging circuit and a fault grade of a relay on line. Quantified comprehensive representation and on-line recognition are achieved for the health state of the high-voltage system, and therefore high-voltage safe management is performed on the safety state of the electric automobile high-voltage system more scientifically and reasonably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric automobile high-voltage safety technology, particularly, relate to electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis early warning circuit and method.
Background technology
Emphasis and the focus of global evolution has been become with power-actuated automobile.For meeting high-power electrically operated demand, the electric current that automobile high-voltage electricity road is passed through is up to hundreds of ampere.High-voltage safety has become the key problem in technology needing in vehicle drive power application first to solve, to the safety of the safety of vehicle itself, the safety of driver and crew and vehicle operating environment, all has very important impact.At present, though high-tension current safety failure checkout and diagnosis methods such as existing high voltage circuit contact resistance fault, insulation resistance faults, but the comprehensive characterization method lacked high-tension system state of health and diagnosis method for early warning thereof, thus lack the scientific basis of high-tension system being carried out to safety management, cause the abuse of high-tension system and the high-voltage safety Frequent Accidents that causes thus, the high-voltage safety hidden danger that electronlmobil is existed is difficult to effective solution.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis early warning circuit and method.
According to electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis early warning circuit provided by the invention, comprise: insulation resistance detection module, contact resistance detection module, battery management module, motor control module, precharge monitoring module, relay monitoring module, controlling calculation module, wherein
-described insulation resistance detection module, for the series battery in on-line checkingi electronlmobil and the insulating resistance value between vehicle body ground;
-described contact resistance detection module, for the contact resistance value on on-line checkingi electric automobile high-tension line road;
-described battery management module, for the voltage and current of the series battery in on-line checkingi electronlmobil, manages battery, judges the state of health of described series battery;
-described motor control module, runs and the fault level of inline diagnosis driving motor in electric automobile system and the voltage and current of direct-flow input end for controlling motor;
-described precharge monitoring module, is connected to the fault level of the pre-charge circuit in electric automobile high-voltage circuit for on-line checkingi;
-described relay monitoring module, is connected on the fault level of each relay in electric automobile high-voltage circuit for on-line checkingi;
-described controlling calculation module, for receiving and process the information of described insulation resistance detection module, contact resistance detection module, battery management module, motor control module, precharge monitoring module, the output of relay monitoring module.
According to electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning provided by the invention, comprise the steps:
Step 1: the electric current of the state of health of the insulating resistance value between the series battery of on-line checkingi electronlmobil and vehicle body ground, the contact resistance value of high-tension line, series battery, the voltage of series battery, series battery, the fault level of drive motor system, the voltage of drive motor system dc input end, the electric current of drive motor system dc input end, the fault level of pre-charge circuit, the fault level of relay;
Step 2: when the fault level of drive motor system reaches setting grade, then require drive motor system downrating; When the fault level of pre-charge circuit reaches setting grade, and when high voltage circuit relay is not closed, then require the percentage of time after reducing pre-charge duration; When the fault level of relay reaches setting grade, then reduce the percentage of current after relay band live stream;
Step 3: calculate high voltage circuit according to the contact resistance value of high-tension line and connect state of health index;
Step 4: calculate normalization method insulating resistance value according to the insulating resistance value between series battery and vehicle body ground, series battery rated voltage; And calculate high-pressure system insulation state of health index by function;
Step 5: calculate high-tension system state of health index.
Preferably, also step 6 is comprised:
By the decision content of healthy for high-tension system at different levels fault and high-tension system state of health index contrast,
When high-tension system state of health index SOH is less than or equal to the decision content of the healthy fault of high-tension system of certain one-level, i.e. SOH≤SOH
lmt_itime,
Then assert that i-th grade of high-tension system there occurs healthy fault, wherein SOH
lmt_irepresent the decision content of the healthy fault of the high-tension system of i-th grade, i is positive integer.
Preferably, following arbitrary step is also comprised:
Insulating resistance value prediction steps: utilize and engrave when nearest multiple detection the insulating resistance value between m series battery and vehicle body ground detected,
Online fitting goes out the change curve of insulating resistance value and time t, and the insulating resistance value after utilizing this change curve to calculate following a period of time, realizes the prediction to insulation resistance; Wherein m >=3, if detection moment corresponding to first insulating resistance value in this m insulating resistance value is T0i, all the other each detect the moment and the previous difference detecting the moment is time t;
Contact resistance value prediction step: utilize the contact resistance value engraving n the high-tension line detected when nearest multiple detection,
Online fitting goes out the change curve of contact resistance value and time t, and the contact resistance value after utilizing this change curve to calculate following a period of time, realizes the prediction of the contact resistance value to high-tension line; Wherein n >=3, if detection moment corresponding to first contact resistance value in this n contact resistance value is T0c, all the other each detect the moment and the previous difference detecting the moment is time t; .
According to electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning provided by the invention, for each moment, enforcement of rights requires that step 1 in the electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning described in 3 is to step 6, realizes the judgement of calculating to each moment high-tension system state of health index and Health Category.
Preferably, also comprise the steps:
Index forwarding step: by be arranged on CAN communication interface on computing module by step 1 to 6, the high-tension system state of health index obtained that calculates respectively in insulating resistance value prediction steps, contact resistance value prediction step, the insulating resistance value after following a period of time, the contact resistance value after following a period of time be sent to entire car controller.
Preferably, in described step 3, the computing formula that high voltage circuit connects state of health index is as follows:
SOH
C＝60×((1/10)/Rc)
1/2；
In formula: SOH
crepresent that high voltage circuit connects state of health index, Rc represents the contact resistance value of high-tension line.
Preferably, high-pressure system insulation state of health index is calculated by function in described step 4;
Computing formula is as follows:
RV
lmt＝Ri/V
BATnrm；
SOH
i＝f(RV
lmt)；
In formula: RV
lmtrepresent normalization method insulating resistance value, Ri represents the insulating resistance value between series battery and vehicle body ground, V
bATnrmrepresent series battery rated voltage, f (RV
lmt) represent be converted into RV by by the influence degree of current value to human body by human body
lmton the function set by the impact of human body, SOH
irepresent high-pressure system insulation state of health index.Particularly, RV is converted into by the influence degree of current value to human body of human body
lmton the function set by the impact of human body, namely human body induction in various degree can be caused by the size of current of human body, these respond to relevant with the time of the impedance of human body, size of current, continuing current flow, suppose after electric current increases to certain value, the impedance of human body, the impact of the key elements such as time on human body of continuing current flow are negligible, then by being characterized by functional relation between the size of the current value of human body and human body sensing; Therefore also can by this functional relation indirectly with RV
lmtthe impact of human body is characterized.
Preferably, the computing formula calculating high-tension system state of health index in described step 5 is as follows:
SOH＝min(SOH
BAT,SOH
Pre,SOH
R,SOH
C,SOH
i)；
In formula: SOH represents high-tension system state of health index, SOH
bATrepresent the state of health index of series battery, SOH
prerepresent pre-charge circuit state of health index, SOH
rrepresent relay state of health index, min represents that minimum operation accords with.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the invention provides electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning and achieve quantitative comprehensive characterization to high-tension system state of health and ONLINE RECOGNITION, thus make to carry out more scientific rational high-voltage safety management to electric automobile high-voltage electrical system safety state.
2, the invention provides electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning and achieve prediction to high-tension system state of health; thus make to get rid of high-tension system failure risk in advance, avoid because high-voltage safety causes the accident, protection system is from damage.
3, show after tested, the invention provides electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning and there is high voltage circuit state of health index evaluated error <3%, achieve high precision and the high reliability of the prediction of high-tension system state of health grade Precise Diagnosis.
4, the invention provides electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning and be not only applicable to electronlmobil, also be applicable to hybrid vehicle, fuel cell powered vehicle even closed-centre system, series battery, series capacity group etc., possess good applicability.
5, the invention provides electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning and filled up the blank of existing similar technique, effectively prevent the fire because high-tension system fault causes, equipment damage and personal injury.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading the detailed description done non-limiting example with reference to the following drawings, other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious:
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram that the invention provides electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis early warning circuit;
Fig. 2 is the diagram of circuit that the invention provides electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art and understand the present invention further, but not limit the present invention in any form.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some distortion and improvement can also be made.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis early warning circuit in the present invention, comprise insulation resistance detection module, contact resistance detection module, battery management module, motor control module, precharge monitoring module, relay monitoring module, controlling calculation module, wherein: the series battery in described insulation resistance detection module energy on-line checkingi electronlmobil and the insulating resistance value between vehicle body ground, the contact resistance value on described contact resistance detection module energy on-line checkingi electric automobile high-tension line road, the voltage and current of the series battery in described battery management module energy on-line checkingi electronlmobil, and state of health, the described fault level of motor control module energy inline diagnosis driving motor in electric automobile system and the voltage and current of direct-flow input end thereof, described precharge monitoring module energy on-line checkingi is connected to the fault level of the pre-charge circuit in electric automobile high-voltage circuit, described relay monitoring module energy on-line checkingi is connected on the fault level of each relay in electric automobile high-voltage circuit, described controlling calculation module can receive and process described insulation resistance detection module, contact resistance detection module, battery management module, motor control module, pre-charge module, the information that relay monitoring module exports, and manage above-mentioned modules.
Composition graphs 1, as shown in Figure 2, in Fig. 1, DTC
prefor fault level, the CMD of pre-charge circuit
prefor contact resistance value, CMD that controlling calculation module is high-tension line to the command signal of precharge monitoring module, Rc
cfor controlling calculation module is to command signal, the DTC of contact resistance detection module
rfor fault level, the CMD of relay
rfor controlling calculation module is to command signal, the SOH of relay monitoring module
bATfor state of health index, the V of series battery
bATand I
bATbe respectively the voltage and current of series battery, DTC
mfor fault level, the V of drive motor system
mand I
mbe respectively the voltage and current of the direct-flow input end of drive motor system, Ri is insulating resistance value, CMD between series battery and vehicle body ground
ifor controlling calculation module is to the command signal of insulation resistance detection module, CAN is CAN communication interface.
In Fig. 2, BMS is battery management module, and DMCM is motor control module.
The insulating resistance value arranged between series battery and vehicle body ground is Ri, the contact resistance value of high-tension line is Rc, the state of health index of series battery is SOH
bAT, series battery voltage be V
bAT, series battery electric current be I
bAT, drive motor system fault level be DTC
m, drive motor system the voltage and current of direct-flow input end be respectively V
mand I
m, pre-charge circuit fault level be DTC
pre, relay fault level be DTC
r, to connect state of health index be SOH to high voltage circuit
c, high-pressure system insulation state of health index is SOH
i, drive motor system health state indices is SOH
m, pre-charge circuit state of health index is SOH
pre, relay state of health index is SOH
r, high-tension system state of health index is SOH, the decision content of the healthy fault of i-th grade of high-tension system is SOH
lmt_i, series battery rated voltage is V
bATnrm, normalization method insulating resistance value is RV
lmt, PDr is DTC
mpower percentage after Shi Yaoqiu electric system downrating, TDr are DTC
preshi Yaoqiu reduces the percentage of time after pre-charge duration, CDr is DTC
rtime research reduce percentage of current, SOH after relay band live stream
tfor the SOH in future time T moment, described electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning, comprises the steps:
Step S1: controlling calculation module calculate respectively by the sampling of CMDi instruction insulation resistance detection module and export insulating resistance value Ri between series battery and vehicle body ground to controlling calculation module, being sampled by CMDc instruction contact resistance detection module is calculated and the contact resistance value Rc exporting high-tension line is SOH to controlling calculation module, the state of health that obtained series battery by battery management module
bATand the voltage V of series battery
bATand electric current I
bAT, the fault level that obtained drive motor system by motor control module is DTC
mand the voltage V of direct-flow input end
mand electric current I
m, pass through CMD
prethe sampling of instruction precharge monitoring module judges and exports the faulty condition DTC of pre-charge circuit
preto controlling calculation module, pass through CMD
rthe sampling of commands relays monitoring module judges and the faulty condition DTC of output relay
rto controlling calculation module;
Step S2: if be DTC
mthen SOH
m=PDr, if be DTC
preand the not closed then SOH of high voltage circuit relay
pre=TDr, if be DTC
rthen SOH
r=CDr;
Step S3: utilize formula S OH
c=60 X (1/10/Rc)
1/2calculate high voltage circuit and connect state of health index SOH
c;
Step S4: utilize formula RV
lmt=Ri/V
bATnrmcalculate normalization method insulating resistance value RV
lmt, and then be SOH by calculating high-pressure system insulation state of health index by following table 1 by linear interpolation
i;
Table 1
| RV lmt，Ω/V | 100 | 33 | 20 | 11 |
| SOH i，％ | 100 | 80 | 60 | 0 |
Step S5, utilizes SOH=min (SOH
bAT, SOH
pre, SOH
r, SOH
c, SOH
i) calculate high-tension system state of health index SOH;
Step S6, if SOH≤SOH
lmt_i, be then judged to be that high-tension system there occurs the i-th healthy fault;
Step S7, utilize m the insulating resistance value Ri that step 1 receives within nearest a period of time, wherein m >=3, if the moment that first Ri in this m Ri is corresponding is the calculating moment of T0i and each Ri and the difference of T0i is t, online fitting goes out the change curve of Ri and t, Ri after utilizing this change curve to calculate following a period of time, thus realize the prediction to insulation resistance Ri;
Step S8, utilize the contact resistance value Rc of n the high-tension line that step 1 receives within nearest a period of time, wherein n >=3, if the moment that first Rc in this n Rc is corresponding is the calculating moment of T0c and each Ri and the difference of T0c is t, online fitting goes out the change curve of Rc and t, Rc after utilizing this change curve to calculate following a period of time, thus realize the prediction to the contact resistance value Rc of high-tension line;
Step S9, repeats above-mentioned steps S1 ~ S6, realizes the judgement of calculating to subsequent time high-tension system state of health index SOH and Health Category;
Step S10, repeats above-mentioned steps S1 ~ S8, and wherein, Ri and Rc doped with step S7 ~ S8 substitutes into step S1 and repeat step 1 ~ 6, realizes high-tension system state of health index SOH after following a period of time
tprediction and the prediction of Health Category.
Further, also comprise the steps:
Step S11, controlling calculation module is by its CAN communication interface, and the high-tension system state of health index SOH calculated by above-mentioned steps S1 ~ step S8 is sent to entire car controller.
By described electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning, the information such as high-tension system state of health index, Health Category calculated, also directly can be presented to remind navigating mate in instrument, monitoring and control centre can also be sent to realization to the statistical analysis of a large amount of vehicle high-voltage circuit connection state and large data processing etc. by telecommunication.
The present invention is applied to electric drive automobile: not only achieve the quantitative comprehensive characterization to high-tension system state of health and ONLINE RECOGNITION, thus makes to carry out the management of more scientific rational high-voltage safety to electric automobile high-voltage electrical system safety state and become possibility; Also achieve the prediction to high-tension system state of health, thus make to get rid of high-tension system failure risk in advance, avoid because of high-voltage safety cause the accident and protection system from be damaged in order to may.High-tension system state of health diagnosis method for early warning of the present invention, has filled up the blank of existing similar technique, effectively prevent the fire because high-tension system fault causes, equipment and personal injury, have great importance and act on the development of electronlmobil.And to hybrid vehicle, fuel cell powered vehicle even closed-centre system etc. be all applicable, be also all applicable to series battery, series capacity group etc.Show after tested, electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning of the present invention has high voltage circuit state of health index evaluated error <3%, achieves high precision and the high reliability of the prediction of high-tension system state of health grade Precise Diagnosis.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis early warning circuit, it is characterized in that, comprise: insulation resistance detection module, contact resistance detection module, battery management module, motor control module, precharge monitoring module, relay monitoring module, controlling calculation module, wherein
-described insulation resistance detection module, for the series battery in on-line checkingi electronlmobil and the insulating resistance value between vehicle body ground;
-described contact resistance detection module, for the contact resistance value on on-line checkingi electric automobile high-tension line road;
-described battery management module, for the voltage and current of the series battery in on-line checkingi electronlmobil, manages battery, judges the state of health of described series battery;
-described motor control module, runs and the fault level of inline diagnosis driving motor in electric automobile system and the voltage and current of direct-flow input end for controlling motor;
-described precharge monitoring module, is connected to the fault level of the pre-charge circuit in electric automobile high-voltage circuit for on-line checkingi;
-described relay monitoring module, is connected on the fault level of each relay in electric automobile high-voltage circuit for on-line checkingi;
-described controlling calculation module, for receiving and process the information of described insulation resistance detection module, contact resistance detection module, battery management module, motor control module, precharge monitoring module, the output of relay monitoring module.
2. an electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1: the electric current of the state of health of the insulating resistance value between the series battery of on-line checkingi electronlmobil and vehicle body ground, the contact resistance value of high-tension line, series battery, the voltage of series battery, series battery, the fault level of drive motor system, the voltage of drive motor system dc input end, the electric current of drive motor system dc input end, the fault level of pre-charge circuit, the fault level of relay;
Step 2: when the fault level of drive motor system reaches setting grade, then require drive motor system downrating; When the fault level of pre-charge circuit reaches setting grade, and when high voltage circuit relay is not closed, then require the percentage of time after reducing pre-charge duration; When the fault level of relay reaches setting grade, then reduce the percentage of current after relay band live stream;
Step 3: calculate high voltage circuit according to the contact resistance value of high-tension line and connect state of health index;
Step 4: calculate normalization method insulating resistance value according to the insulating resistance value between series battery and vehicle body ground, series battery rated voltage; And calculate high-pressure system insulation state of health index by function;
Step 5: calculate high-tension system state of health index.
3. electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprise step 6:
By the decision content of healthy for high-tension system at different levels fault and high-tension system state of health index contrast,
When high-tension system state of health index SOH is less than or equal to the decision content of the healthy fault of high-tension system of certain one-level, i.e. SOH≤SOH
lmt_itime,
Then assert that i-th grade of high-tension system there occurs healthy fault, wherein SOH
lmt_irepresent the decision content of the healthy fault of the high-tension system of i-th grade, i is positive integer.
4. electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprise following arbitrary step:
Insulating resistance value prediction steps: utilize and engrave when nearest multiple detection the insulating resistance value between m series battery and vehicle body ground detected,
Online fitting goes out the change curve of insulating resistance value and time t, and the insulating resistance value after utilizing this change curve to calculate following a period of time, realizes the prediction to insulation resistance; Wherein m >=3, if detection moment corresponding to first insulating resistance value in this m insulating resistance value is T0i, all the other each detect the moment and the previous difference detecting the moment is time t;
Contact resistance value prediction step: utilize the contact resistance value engraving n the high-tension line detected when nearest multiple detection,
Online fitting goes out the change curve of contact resistance value and time t, and the contact resistance value after utilizing this change curve to calculate following a period of time, realizes the prediction of the contact resistance value to high-tension line; Wherein n >=3, if detection moment corresponding to first contact resistance value in this n contact resistance value is T0c, all the other each detect the moment and the previous difference detecting the moment is time t.
5. an electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning, it is characterized in that, for each moment, enforcement of rights requires that step 1 in the electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning described in 3 is to step 6, realizes the judgement of calculating to each moment high-tension system state of health index and Health Category.
6. electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprise the steps:
Index forwarding step: by be arranged on CAN communication interface on computing module by step 1 to 6, the high-tension system state of health index obtained that calculates respectively in insulating resistance value prediction steps, contact resistance value prediction step, the insulating resistance value after following a period of time, the contact resistance value after following a period of time be sent to entire car controller.
7. electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described step 3, the computing formula that high voltage circuit connects state of health index is as follows:
SOH
C＝60×((1/10)/Rc)
1/2；
In formula: SOH
crepresent that high voltage circuit connects state of health index, Rc represents the contact resistance value of high-tension line.
8. electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning according to claim 7, is characterized in that, calculates high-pressure system insulation state of health index in described step 4 by function;
Computing formula is as follows:
RV
lmt＝Ri/V
BATnrm；
SOH
i＝f(RV
lmt)；
In formula: RV
lmtrepresent normalization method insulating resistance value, Ri represents the insulating resistance value between series battery and vehicle body ground, V
bATnrmrepresent series battery rated voltage, f (RV
lmt) represent be converted into RV by by the influence degree of current value to human body by human body
lmton the function set by the impact of human body, SOH
irepresent high-pressure system insulation state of health index.
9. electric automobile high-voltage electric system state of health diagnosis method for early warning according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the computing formula calculating high-tension system state of health index in described step 5 is as follows:
SOH＝min(SOH
BAT,SOH
Pre,SOH
R,SOH
C,SOH
i)；
In formula: SOH represents high-tension system state of health index, SOH
bATrepresent the state of health index of series battery, SOH
prerepresent pre-charge circuit state of health index, SOH
rrepresent relay state of health index, min represents that minimum operation accords with.
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