CN105160430B - A kind of rubber tree seedling stage excellent strain prediction technique - Google Patents
A kind of rubber tree seedling stage excellent strain prediction technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN105160430B CN105160430B CN201510530665.8A CN201510530665A CN105160430B CN 105160430 B CN105160430 B CN 105160430B CN 201510530665 A CN201510530665 A CN 201510530665A CN 105160430 B CN105160430 B CN 105160430B
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Abstract
Glue, glue metering, excellent strain screening are adopted in a kind of rubber tree seedling stage excellent strain prediction technique of the present invention, including the production of Sheng gummed paper piece, aculea.It is an advantage of the invention that having, to eliminate weak plant accuracy rate high, and it is lower to falsely drop rate, as a result relatively accurate, easy to operate, low in cost, improves early prediction efficiency, shortens predicted time, reduces the investment in human and material resources, financial resources and soil；The planting scale of seedling stage group can effectively be reduced, accurately superseded rubber tree seedling stage group's low yield weak plant, substantially reduce the prediction scale of seedling stage group, it is preferred that providing the high-quality sexual single plant of kipeming high yield potentiality, there is apparent impetus to the screening process aspect for accelerating rubber tree conventional breeding basic material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rubber Tree Breeding fields, and in particular to a kind of rubber tree seedling stage excellent strain prediction technique.
Background technique
Para rubber tree be a kind of cross-pollination, height heterozygosis high megaphanerophyte type economic tree.Rubber tree it is normal
Advise breeding, by primary comparative test, advanced system ratio and it is regional be than (including productivity system ratio and regional testing) three phases,
One kind of breeding needs 30 years for promoting.The kind Jin Zhan primary comparative test area tested variety that conventional breeding methods are selected
0.2%~0.5%, breeding time is long, need to expend a large amount of man power and materials, the area Xi Bi occupies large amount of land resources, and undertakes
The primary comparative test low yield area of large area.Therefore, short form test program improves breeding effect, and the yield early stage for carrying out seedling stage is pre-
It is imperative to survey research.
Indonesia and Malaysia just have begun the research of related fields in the thirties in last century, push away according to conservative
It calculates, the excellent strain of rubber tree can at least shorten 15 years or so breeding time using early prediction.Scholars are to paragutta
Many researchs have been done in the early yield prediction of tree, a variety of method for early prediction are proposed, such as petiolule glue method, vein glue method, cream
Pipe number and columns measuring method, test tapping method, thorn inspection gummosis method etc..Grope by constantly practicing, the above method is in practical operation
On should say each has something to recommend him, but also respectively have drawback.Test tapping method is developed by the thorn inspection method of early stage, and Malaysia proposes 33
Month test tapping method, China then develops 4 age test tapping methods on this basis.This method is that the sexual system of current China rubber tree carries out early stage
The main method of prediction, this method is more effective, selects higher to rate, but takes longer, it is complete to produce glue type to the single plant that filters out
It is complete unclear, and when there is property coefficient amount more, for test tapping yield by different glue works rubber tapping depth, the influences such as rubber tapping skill are very big.
For latex dust counting method with each age latex dust columns, number before formally tapping rubber come the yield level after predicting into age, Gens etc. thinks latex dust
Columns and the correlation of yield are very high, but according to the research of (1976 and 1991) Zhou Zhongyu et al., it is believed that (contain 4 after 4 ages
Age) latex dust quantity can as prediction at age yield potential one of index.And the observation of Observation of Differentiation Laticifers ability needs special project
Technology and equipment, operate it is more complex, have higher requirements to operator quality, instrument and equipment.
China's natural rubber starts early prediction research the fifties in last century, it is therefore an objective to be selected by prediction as more as possible
Fine individual plant, eliminate the inferior genotype in part, improve the ratio of fine individual plant in candidate sample tree to the maximum extent.Rubber at present
The existing sexual system's method for early prediction of gum is mainly petiole glue method, vein glue method and thorn inspection gummosis method, method shortcoming
It is that operation difficulty is big, it is at high cost.
The principle of common petiole glue method and vein glue method is the lateral vein of check variety with RRIM600 or locality and netted
Arteries and veins dumping amount carries out choosing as control and eliminates, and it is 1 age seedling that predicted time, which can advance to sexual, but lateral vein of this method to cut off
Grade is determined with the dumping amounts of netted veins and duration, is easily influenced by artificial, and this technology is in known strain
Produce glue type clone on develop and verifying, it is unknown production glue type it is sexual system and wild germplasm prediction on accuracy rate not
Height, therefore practice upper this method and be only used as prediction reference.
Thorn inspection gummosis method is to cut an osculum in trunk specific position by a kind of special V-shape pocket knife, then with gummosis
Length go select it is excellent wash in a pan it is bad.This method major defect is more extensive, only goes how much measure yield with the length of gummosis, neither
Yield can be quantified, and since period forecast production and the correlation with yield at age tree where prediction are poor, thus selected
It is very low to rate.
Can the core evaluation criterion of prediction technique exactly accomplish in early days, accurately, because predicted time is more early to mean seedling
The update frequency of garden system ratio is higher, can make full use of soil, saves the whole breeding time；Accuracy is then whether prediction technique has
The key of effect will avoid too low choosing to rate and excessively high falsely drop rate.Except tradition on the early prediction of the sexual system in rubber tree nursery
Test rubber tapping method be proved in practice more effectively, but this method also operates that be faced with group to be screened excessive, needs
The problems such as rubber tapping personnel of profession, the work such as collection, drying and measurement of subsequent yield are many and diverse.So the sexual system's choosing of rubber tree
Breeding lacks prediction accurate and effective, easy to operate, select it is high to rate improve prediction technique, this is current China rubber tree select index
Be in progress slower one of factor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of rubber tree early stage (after field planting 2~3 years) prediction, have filtered out high yield
The excellent strain of potentiality provides reference for the identification of subsequent fine refining system.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, a kind of rubber tree seedling stage excellent strain prediction technique of the present invention, including contain gummed paper piece system
Make, aculea adopts glue, metering glue weight, excellent strain screening.Specific step is as follows:
1) it contains the production of gummed paper piece: A4 printing paper is cut into the scraps of paper of 10cm × 8cm specification, then with medical tray by paper
After piece is spread out, 2~3 hours are dried to taking out after constant weight, in one thousandth electronics with 105 DEG C~120 DEG C in hot air circulation drying oven
Balance weighing, and quality is written to scraps of paper lower right position with pencil, it is then stored in drier and saves for use.
2) aculea adopts glue: in fair weather when morning 6~8, in rubber tree early prediction area, will first contain gummed paper piece upper end
After recording downlink strain number with pencil, Sheng gummed paper on piece is held level with both hands and is around at rubber tree stem 0.8m of the same age along abutting, with 1 or 2
After item is socketed and the rubber band that is stretched compresses the Sheng gummed paper piece upper end position Tie Shu, then rubber band is closed up with waddy and is fixed on tree
Week, and keep Sheng gummed paper piece lower edge that can upwarp naturally, to contain the natural groove of gummed paper piece medium position formation one, groove is for containing
Connect latex.Then lower part is omited in rubber band with aculea knife puncture the scraps of paper to bark bast, with lower bundle and the motionless bark of slightly exerting oneself
I.e. it is believed that having pricked to bast and xylem intersection, 2 hour overwhelming majority rubber tree single plants stop dumping naturally after aculea
Cream collects and contains gummed paper piece.Receiving and containing gummed paper piece is to remove rubber band, and Sheng gummed paper piece is folded into gummed paper packet.
3) it measures glue weight: being dried for 24 hours extremely in hot air circulation drying oven with 105 DEG C~120 DEG C after the gummed paper packet of collection is made thinner
Constant weight calculates dry glue quality quality, calculation formula with the weighing of one thousandth electronic balance are as follows:
Dry glue quality=gummed paper packet quality-Sheng gummed paper tablet quality (1)
Herein, gummed paper packet quality, Sheng gummed paper tablet quality are the quality that drying to constant weight.
4) excellent strain screening: aculea is adopted glue and is at least repeated 3 times with 2 days or so 1 frequency, and multiple glue is added up again, calculates
The production glue gross weight for observing strain out, summarizes the gum yield of group, is compared, is sorted, and calculates it relative to right in group's strain
According to the ratio of strain yield；.Final prediction result is that control strain yield single plant below is eliminated, not less than control strain yield
Single plant can proceed with fine observation, and 2 times or more of single plant is the excellent strain with high yield potential.
A kind of rubber tree seedling stage excellent strain prediction technique of the present invention provides a kind of sexual system of rubber tree in early days (2~3 after field planting
Year) selection method relative to the advantages of each method for early prediction such as traditional test tapping method, latex dust observation method, physiological parameter be tool
There is superseded weak plant accuracy rate high, it is lower to falsely drop rate, as a result relatively accurate, easy to operate, low in cost, do not need professional technician
And instrument and equipment, early prediction efficiency is improved, predicted time is shortened, reduces the throwing in human and material resources, financial resources and soil
Enter；The planting scale of sexual group of system can effectively be reduced, accurately superseded rubber tree seedling stage population yield weak plant, substantially reduces seedling stage
The prediction scale of group preferably provides the high-quality single plant of premature labor high yield potential, has very much in terms of survey is selected early stage rubber tree
Meaning has apparent impetus to the screening process aspect for accelerating rubber tree conventional breeding basic material.
A kind of rubber tree seedling stage excellent strain prediction technique is more simple relative to test tapping method, selects on the time in seedling stage, can be early
Half a year was to 1 year；Operationally, the profession rubber tapping worker especially trained is not needed, and since glue amount is few, post-processing, weighing etc.
Link is also more convenient saving of labor；In terms of cost, due to not needing additionally to carry out opening to cut waterline, glue cup frame, glue tongue, glue cup etc. are placed
It is a series of take a lot of work, expensive program, cost is more cheap.The present invention can be used as early period in terms of rubber tree seedling stage Seedling selection
Weak plant is eliminated, the effective ways of selection group are simplified in preferably excellent strain, effective early stage roughing method and examination as a kind of simple
The method for cutting the opposite fines such as method, Observation of Differentiation Laticifers observation method is applied in combination, and provides reference and confirmation for latter two method.
Specific embodiment
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
When implementing the present invention, in August, 2014 to the 9th trial zone rubber of Hainan Danzhou Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
For 3 combinations, the 456 plants of sexual systems for setting the field planting of the early prediction area No. 8 plot same period in 2012, to operating process of the invention
It is described further:
First prepare aculea test material, including drying to constant weight and the printing scraps of paper (10cm × 8cm) of known quality, aculea knife,
Rubber band sends out rope, waddy etc..A collection of A4 printing paper is cut into 10cm × 8cm specification as gummed paper piece is contained, in baking oven with 105 DEG C
~120 DEG C after drying to constant weight, electronic balance weighing is simultaneously recorded quality to gummed paper piece lower right position is contained with pencil, is stored in dry
It is saved in dry device stand-by.
Aculea adopts glue and metering glue weight is recorded scraps of paper upper end with pencil at fine morning 6~7 of August part
Then the row strain number of sexual system's single plant to be measured will be contained gummed paper on piece with rubber band and be held level with both hands at suitable, close binding to tree stem 0.8m
Position, it is desirable that keep Sheng gummed paper piece lower edge that can upwarp naturally, to contain the natural groove of gummed paper piece medium position formation one, convenient for Sheng
Glue is received, the rubber band being stretched with 1, which is closed up rubber band with waddy after the Sheng gummed paper piece upper end position Tie Shu is compressed, to be fixed on
It tree week is then omited lower part in rubber band with aculea knife and punctured and contain gummed paper piece to bark bast, 2 hours are to major part after aculea
Sexual system's single plant stops dumping cream naturally, removes rubber band Sheng gummed paper piece and wraps up folding collection.After laboratory will collect glue
Sheng gummed paper piece (packet) make thinner, drying to constant weight, dry glue quality is calculated with formula (1).
Excellent strain screening: with frequency continuous observation 5 times of 2 days or so 1 time, every plant of 5 glue is added up again, calculates the strain
Production glue gross weight and average product, relative to control strain RRIM600 single plant strain produce ratio, screening yield be control 2 times
Above excellent strain of premature labor high yield.The average product of 5 needles thorn is 0.097g/ times as the result is shown, yield luffing from 0.01~
Between 0.554g, yield reaches control strain yield (RRIM600,0.015g) 2 times or more and shares 39 plants.
It is seen with the yield data of same period late August test tapping, from 1.3~68.3g, yield reaches 10 knives time cumulative production luffing
Share 35 plants to control 2 times or more, and the high yield strain selected of two methods have 33 plants be it is consistent corresponding, corresponding thorn cuts and tries
The ratio for cutting yielding Populations is respectively 84.62% and 94.29%, illustrates that correlation between the two is very strong.In general.It is micro-
Thorn rubber tapping method can effectively assist or part substitution test tapping method, and be markedly superior to existing petiolule glue method, vein glue method,
The methods of thorn inspection gummosis method.
Although above having made detailed description to the invention with a general description of the specific embodiments,
But on the basis of the invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is aobvious and easy to those skilled in the art
See.Therefore, these modifications or improvements on the basis of without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, belong to the invention
Claimed range.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of rubber tree seedling stage excellent strain prediction technique, it is characterised in that including containing the production of gummed paper piece, aculea adopts glue, metering glue
Weight, excellent strain screening；Specific step is as follows:
1) it contains the production of gummed paper piece: A4 printing paper is cut into the Sheng gummed paper piece of 10cm × 8cm specification, then will be contained with medical tray
After gummed paper piece is spread out, taken out after hot air circulation drying oven is with 105 DEG C~120 DEG C baking 2~3h to constant weight, in one thousandth electronics
Balance weighing, and quality is written to pencil and contains gummed paper piece lower right position, it is then stored in drier and saves for use；
2) aculea adopts glue: in fair weather when morning 6~7, in rubber tree early prediction area, will first contain gummed paper piece upper end with lead
After notes record downlink strain number, Sheng gummed paper on piece is held level with both hands and is around at rubber tree stem 0.8m of the same age along abutting, is covered with 1 or 2
It connects and after the rubber band that is stretched compresses the Sheng gummed paper piece upper end position Tie Shu, then rubber band is closed up with waddy and is fixed on tree week,
And keep Sheng gummed paper piece lower edge that can upwarp naturally, to contain the natural groove of gummed paper piece medium position formation one, groove is used for access
Latex；It is omited lower part in rubber band with aculea knife and punctured and contain gummed paper piece to bark bast and xylem intersection, it is 2 small after aculea
When rubber band is removed, Sheng gummed paper piece is folded into gummed paper packet；
3) it measures glue weight: being dried for 24 hours with 105 DEG C~120 DEG C to constant weight after the gummed paper packet of collection is made thinner in hot air circulation drying oven,
With the weighing of one thousandth electronic balance, dry glue quality, calculation formula are calculated are as follows:
Dry glue quality=gummed paper packet quality-Sheng gummed paper tablet quality
Herein, gummed paper packet quality, to contain gummed paper tablet quality be for the quality that drying to constant weight；
4) excellent strain screening: aculea is adopted glue and is at least repeated 3 times with 2 days or so 1 frequency, and multiple glue is added up again, calculates sight
Survey strain production glue gross weight, the gum yield of group is summarized, compared, is sorted, and calculate its relative to group strain in compare strain
The ratio of yield, final prediction result is that control strain yield single plant below is eliminated, not less than the single plant of control strain yield
It can proceed with fine observation, 2 times or more of single plant is the excellent strain with high yield potential.
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| CN101223855B (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2011-05-18 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Method for predicting differentiation ability of rubber tree secondary milk tube in seedling stage |
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