CN105081215A - Method for sand casting - Google Patents
Method for sand casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN105081215A CN105081215A CN201510546187.XA CN201510546187A CN105081215A CN 105081215 A CN105081215 A CN 105081215A CN 201510546187 A CN201510546187 A CN 201510546187A CN 105081215 A CN105081215 A CN 105081215A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for sand casting. Firstly, a mold is made according to the size of a casting; the mold is placed in molding sand of a sand box, molding sand binder is placed in the molding sand so that a casting mold cavity can be formed, and in the process, a heating unit is arranged in the molding sand; besides, a pouring gate and a riser are arranged in the sand box, and the mold is closed; and the heating unit is heated before pouring, and after heating, pouring, cooling, sand shakeout and aftertreatment are conducted. Before pouring, the heating unit is firstly heated; after the heating unit is heated, heat of the heating unit can be transferred to the surrounding molding sand in a heat conduction mode, and the temperature of the casting mold cavity can be increased. After molten liquid enters the casting mold cavity, the temperature difference between the cavity and the molten metal is small, the cooling gradient of the molten metal is mild, the time for keeping the molten metal in a liquid state in the cavity is prolonged, and the mold-filling capacity of the molten metal is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting technology field, particularly relate to a kind of method of sand casting.
Background technology
Sand casting is the casting method of producing foundry goods in molding sand.Steel, iron and most of non-ferrous alloy casting all can obtain by the method for sand casting.
Sand casting Modeling Material used is cheap and easy to get, and Casting mold manufacturing is easy, and to the single-piece production of foundry goods, produce by batch and produce in a large number and all can adapt to, for a long time, be the basic technology in Foundry Production always.The technical process of sand casting comprises: making wooden model-molding modeling-fusing-cast-knockout-go dead head to clear up-inspection warehouse-in.Sand casting casting mold used is generally combined by outer sand mold and core.The basic raw material manufacturing sand mold is casting model powder and moulding sand binder.
Liquid metal is full of casting mold die cavity, and acquisition shape is complete, the ability of the foundry goods of clear-cut, is called the mold-filling capacity of liquid metal.First the mold-filling capacity of molten metal depends on the fluid ability of metal itself, simultaneously again by external condition, as the impact of the factors such as casting mold character, pouring condition, casting structure.In sand casting, die cavity inner surface can have certain resistance to molten metal, affects the filling velocity of molten metal; The intensity of heat exchange of casting mold and metal affects the time that molten metal keeps flowing.
Especially at narrow, thin, the thin passage place of casting mold, the contact area of molten metal and casting mold is relatively large, and heat loss is than very fast, and the cooling gradient of molten metal is large, and molten metal is easy to solidify herein, and mold-filling capacity reduces.The mold-filling capacity of molten metal is weak, then may produce misrun, cold shut, sand holes, splashings, lift case, and the defect such as Entrapped Gas Hole, burning into sand.
Therefore, how improving the mold-filling capacity of molten metal in sand casting process, is the technical problem that those skilled in the art are badly in need of solving at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of sand casting, the method for this sand casting improves the mold-filling capacity of molten metal.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the invention provides a kind of method of sand casting, comprising the following steps:
Step S1, makes mould;
Step S2, is placed in the molding sand of sandbox by described mould, form casting mold die cavity, and arrange heating unit in molding sand;
Step S3, arranges cast gate, rising head, mould assembling;
Step S4, heats described heating unit;
Step S5, cast, cooling, knockout and post processing.
Alternatively, the area of the cross section of described casting mold die cavity is less than the position of predetermined value, in step s 2, lays described heating unit in the described molding sand of the perimembranous in described position.
Alternatively, described heating unit is wave-absorber, in step s 4 which, uses electromagnetic wave irradiation sandbox.
Alternatively, in step S4, described electromagnetic direction of illumination avoids the housing of described sandbox.
Alternatively, between step S3 and step S4, molding sand is cured, after solidification, removes the housing of described sandbox.
Alternatively, the material of the housing of described sandbox is pottery.
Alternatively, described electromagnetic wave is microwave.
Alternatively, the generating means of described microwave is magnetron.
Alternatively, described wave-absorber is ferrite.
Alternatively, described heating unit is heating resistor and control loop thereof, in step s 4 which, described control loop is energized.
The method of sand casting provided by the invention, first makes mould according to the size of foundry goods; Mould is placed in the molding sand of sandbox, there is in molding sand moulding sand binder and can form casting mold die cavity, in this process, heating unit is set in molding sand; And cast gate, rising head are set in sandbox, mould assembling; Before cast, heating unit is heated, pour into a mould after heating, cooling, knockout and post processing.
Before cast, first heat heating unit, after heating unit heats up, the heat of self can be passed to the molding sand of surrounding by heating unit by heat conducting mode, the temperature of casting mold also can raise; After molten metal enters casting mold, the temperature difference of casting mold and molten metal is less, and the heat that casting mold absorbs from molten metal is less, and the cooling gradient of molten metal is mild, and the time keeping liquid in die cavity will extend, and the mold-filling capacity of molten metal gets a promotion.
Further, the area of the cross section of casting mold die cavity is less than the position of predetermined value, in step s 2, in the molding sand of the perimembranous of described position, lays heating unit.
The position that the area of the cross section of casting mold die cavity is less is narrow, thin, the thin passage place of foundry goods, and metal liquid stream is when these positions, and comparatively large with the contact area of these positions, the heat passing to contact surface is more, and molten metal is easy to solidify in these positions.
In this casting method, in the position perimembranous of the area of cross section less casting mold die cavity, heating unit is set, heating unit can improve the temperature of this position die cavity, during casting of molten metal, the temperature difference that molten metal is in contact with it face is less, and temperature reduces less, and the time keeping liquid is longer, keep good mobility, molten metal can be made also to keep good mold-filling capacity in the position that cross section is less.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of detailed description of the invention of method of sand casting provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of detailed description of the invention of sand casting mode provided by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the another kind of detailed description of the invention of sand casting mode provided by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the third detailed description of the invention of sand casting mode provided by the present invention;
Wherein, the Reference numeral in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 and the corresponding relation between component names as follows:
Casting mold die cavity 1; Path 10 1; Sandbox 2; Molding sand 201; Housing 202;
Wave-absorber 3; Electromagnetic wave irradiation direction a; Core 6.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of detailed description of the invention of method of sand casting provided by the present invention.
In a kind of concrete embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method of sand casting, comprise the following steps:
Step S1, makes mould;
Step S2, is placed in the molding sand of sandbox by described mould, form casting mold die cavity, and arrange heating unit in molding sand;
Step S3, arranges cast gate, rising head, mould assembling;
Step S4, heats described heating unit;
Step S5, cast, cooling, knockout and post processing.
The method of sand casting, first makes mould according to the size of foundry goods; Mould is placed in the molding sand 201 of sandbox 2, there is in molding sand 201 moulding sand binder and can form casting mold die cavity 1, in this process, heating unit is set in molding sand 201; And cast gate, rising head are set in sandbox 2, mould assembling; Heat heating unit before cast, pour into a mould after heating, cooling, knockout, then carries out the post processings such as dead head.
Before cast, first heat heating unit, after heating unit heats up, the heat of self can be passed to the molding sand 201 of surrounding by heating unit by heat conducting mode, the temperature in casting mold die cavity 1 also can raise; After the temperature rising of casting mold, after molten metal enters casting mold die cavity 1, the temperature difference of die cavity and molten metal is less, casting mold is drawn from molten metal and the heat be stored in self reduces, the casting mold that temperature has raised makes the cooling gradient of molten metal mild, solidify delayed, in casting mold, keep liquid time lengthening, the mold-filling capacity of molten metal gets a promotion.
One preferred embodiment in, the area of the cross section of casting mold die cavity is less than the position of predetermined value, in step s 2, in the molding sand of the perimembranous of position, lays heating unit.
The position that the area of the cross section of casting mold die cavity 1 is less is narrow, thin, the thin passage place of foundry goods, and metal liquid stream is when these positions, and comparatively large with the contact area of these positions, the heat passing to contact surface is more, and molten metal is easy to solidify in these positions;
In this casting method, in the position perimembranous of the area of cross section less casting mold die cavity 1, heating unit is set, heating unit can improve the temperature of this position die cavity, during casting of molten metal, the temperature difference that molten metal is in contact with it face is less, and temperature reduces less, and the time keeping liquid is longer, keep good mobility, molten metal can be made also to keep good mold-filling capacity in the position that cross section is less.
The method of this sand casting can be used in the foundry goods cast thin wall type foundry goods or have slype, can ensure the integrality of foundry goods, avoid the defect such as underpriming, cold shut, sand holes caused due to liquid metal filling ability.
Please refer to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of detailed description of the invention of sand casting mode provided by the present invention, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the another kind of detailed description of the invention of sand casting mode provided by the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the third detailed description of the invention of sand casting mode provided by the present invention.
In a kind of concrete embodiment, heating unit is wave-absorber, in step s 4 which, uses electromagnetic wave irradiation sandbox.
Wave-absorber 3 can electromagnetic wave absorption, be heat by Conversion of Energy, raise the temperature of self, then the heat of self can be passed to the molding sand 201 of surrounding, the temperature of casting mold die cavity 1 is raised, after molten metal enters, in casting mold, keeps the time of liquid longer, improve the mold-filling capacity of molten metal, avoid foundry goods to occur defect.
As shown in Figure 2, less at the area of the cross section at path 10 1 place of casting mold die cavity 1, wave-absorber more than 3 is arranged on and position similar herein, and ensure that molten metal can flow through smoothly herein, what complete is full of whole die cavity.
In a kind of embodiment concrete further, in step S4, electromagnetic direction of illumination avoids the housing of sandbox.
When electromagnetic irradiation can make the housing 202 of sandbox 2 heat up, housing 202 to be avoided when irradiating electromagnetic, avoid housing 202 to be out of shape owing to being heated, avoid the shape affecting casting mold die cavity 1, and then can casting deformation be avoided, ensure the dimensional accuracy of foundry goods.As shown in Figure 3, electromagnetic wave irradiation direction a avoids housing 202, avoids housing 202 to be out of shape.
In another kind of further concrete embodiment, between step S3 and step S4, molding sand is cured, the housing of solidification recession shakeout case.
After mould assembling, can first be cured sandbox 2, after solidification, the molding sand 201 in sandbox 2 can keep its shape, now remove housing 202, molding sand 201 can not produce distortion, can not affect the structure of casting mold die cavity 1, irradiates electromagnetic wave after removing housing 202, no matter irradiate from that direction, there is not housing 202 temperature distortion, the mold-filling capacity of molten metal can either be improved, the dimensional accuracy of foundry goods can be ensured again.
In the third embodiment concrete further, the material of the housing of sandbox is pottery.
Pottery can be penetrated by electromagnetic wave as a kind of insulator, can not because of electromagnetic irradiation elevated temperature deformation, pottery is used as housing 202 material of sandbox 2, thus ensure that the shape size of sand casting foundry goods.
As shown in Figure 4, wave-absorber 3 is arranged on the perimembranous of whole foundry goods, and electromagnetic wave can in any direction irradiate, and housing 202 does not exist the problem of distortion.
In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the middle part of casting mold is provided with core 6, and core 6 is provided support by molding sand and is fixed in molding sand, also can arrange heating unit in the molding sand of fixing core 6.
In above-mentioned each concrete embodiment, electromagnetic wave is microwave.
Electromagnetic wave covers the most basic form of matter energy.Electromagnetic wave by by low frequency to high-frequency, be mainly divided into: radio wave, microwave, infrared ray, visible ray, ultraviolet, X-ray and gamma ray.
During the microwave absorptions such as microwave irradiation ferrite powder, carborundum powder, silicon carbide fibre, carbon fiber, metallic fiber and organic high molecular polymer, the dipole molecule of microwave absorption is rearranged at a terrific speed under electromagnetic field effect, cause the phase mutual friction of molecule and the warm-up movement produced, microwave energy is converted into heat energy.
Certainly, the electromagnetic wave of its all band can also be used in the application.
Further, the generating means of microwave is magnetron.
Magnetron is a kind of electron tube being used for producing microwave, is a diode being placed in stationary magnetic field.In pipe, electronics is under the control of orthogonal stationary magnetic field and steady electric field, interacting, becoming microwave energy obtaining energy conversion from steady electric field with electromagnetic field of high frequency, thus reaches the object of generation microwave.
The feature of magnetron is that power is large, efficiency is high, operating voltage is low, size is little, lightweight, cost is low.
Concrete, wave-absorber 3 is ferrite.
Ferrite is made up of the several oxide using ferric ion as main cation composition, and presents ferrimagnetism or anti-ferromagnetic material.The power conversion of microwave, after microwave irradiation, can be the heat of self by ferrite fast, after absorbing certain microwave, the molding sand 201 of surrounding can be made to keep higher temperature for a long time.
Certainly, according to the difference of the electromagnetic wave bands selected, other material can also be selected as heating unit.
In another kind of concrete embodiment, heating unit is heating resistor and control loop thereof, in step s 4 which, control loop is energized.
After control loop energising, heating resistor can convert electrical energy into heat energy, first the temperature of self is raised, then the heat of self can be passed to the molding sand 201 of surrounding, the temperature of casting mold die cavity 1 is raised, after molten metal enters, in casting mold, keeps the time of liquid longer, improve the mold-filling capacity of molten metal, avoid foundry goods to occur defect.
It should be noted that, heating unit in the application is not only confined to the content described in above-described embodiment, can be arranged in molding sand 201, obtain heat energy by certain mode and the other materials of molding sand 201 can be passed to or original paper also can be applied in this application.Corresponding mode of heating is arranged according to selected heating unit, avoids in heating process, casting mold being out of shape while setting, ensures the shape size of foundry goods.
Above the method for sand casting provided by the present invention is described in detail.Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method for sand casting, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1, makes mould;
S2, is placed in the molding sand of sandbox by described mould, form casting mold die cavity, and arrange heating unit in molding sand;
S3, arranges cast gate, rising head, mould assembling;
S4, heats described heating unit;
S5, cast, cooling, knockout and post processing.
2. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the area of the cross section of described casting mold die cavity is less than the position of predetermined value, in step s 2, lays described heating unit in the described molding sand of the perimembranous in described position.
3. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described heating unit is wave-absorber, in step s 4 which, uses electromagnetic wave irradiation sandbox.
4. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step S4, described electromagnetic direction of illumination avoids the housing of described sandbox.
5. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, between step S3 and step S4, be cured molding sand, remove the housing of described sandbox after solidification.
6. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the material of the housing of described sandbox is pottery.
7. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described electromagnetic wave is microwave.
8. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the generating means of described microwave is magnetron.
9. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described wave-absorber is ferrite.
10. the method for sand casting as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described heating unit is heating resistor and control loop thereof, in step s 4 which, described control loop is energized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510546187.XA CN105081215A (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2015-08-31 | Method for sand casting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510546187.XA CN105081215A (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2015-08-31 | Method for sand casting |
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| CN105081215A true CN105081215A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106116597A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-16 | 上海交通大学 | Magnesium alloy sand mold casting fire-retardant heat insulation rising head and preparation method thereof |
| CN108311644A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-24 | 江苏吉鑫风能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of casting mold and casting method of solution strengthening ferrite ductile cast iron wind power casting |
| CN108672656A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-10-19 | 溧阳市新力机械铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting method of turbo blade casting device and turbo blade |
| CN110280719A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-09-27 | 刘德强 | A kind of high pressure warming sand mould casting method |
| CN112387928A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-23 | 湖北理工学院 | Sand mold casting process method and casting equipment |
| CN114289705A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 江苏永瀚特种合金技术股份有限公司 | Process method for reducing shrinkage porosity in gravity casting process |
| CN114433785A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-05-06 | 无锡胜鼎智能科技有限公司 | Quick sand mold preparation method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106116597A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-16 | 上海交通大学 | Magnesium alloy sand mold casting fire-retardant heat insulation rising head and preparation method thereof |
| CN108311644A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-24 | 江苏吉鑫风能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of casting mold and casting method of solution strengthening ferrite ductile cast iron wind power casting |
| CN108311644B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2024-01-12 | 江苏吉鑫风能科技股份有限公司 | Casting mold and casting method of solid solution reinforced ferrite nodular cast iron wind power casting |
| CN108672656A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-10-19 | 溧阳市新力机械铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting method of turbo blade casting device and turbo blade |
| CN110280719A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-09-27 | 刘德强 | A kind of high pressure warming sand mould casting method |
| CN112387928A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-23 | 湖北理工学院 | Sand mold casting process method and casting equipment |
| CN114433785A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-05-06 | 无锡胜鼎智能科技有限公司 | Quick sand mold preparation method |
| CN114289705A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 江苏永瀚特种合金技术股份有限公司 | Process method for reducing shrinkage porosity in gravity casting process |
| CN114289705B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏永瀚特种合金技术股份有限公司 | Process method for reducing shrinkage porosity in gravity casting process |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |