CN105019874A - Oil extraction method utilizing circulated heating cavity gases - Google Patents
Oil extraction method utilizing circulated heating cavity gases Download PDFInfo
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- CN105019874A CN105019874A CN201510381408.2A CN201510381408A CN105019874A CN 105019874 A CN105019874 A CN 105019874A CN 201510381408 A CN201510381408 A CN 201510381408A CN 105019874 A CN105019874 A CN 105019874A
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Abstract
The invention provides an oil extraction method utilizing circulated heating cavity gases. The method includes heating oil layer cavity gas which enters into a heating device, and extracting oil after injecting heated cavity gases into an oil layer. In this method, flue gas generated by the heating device is injected into the oil layer, and some cavity gases enter into the heating device to serve as fuel for the heating device to form a circulated heating system. By utilizing the method, the oil extraction cost is low, no water resource is needed, contaminated water processing cost is reduced, the pressure and temperature are adjustable, the oil-gas ratio of oil extraction is high, and the yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil recovery technique field, specifically, relate to one and utilize the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas.
Background technology
In current land or offshore oilfield, many oil reservoirs, due to it, to contain colloid, asphalitine and long chain paraffin composition proportion larger, tool high viscosity and high-solidification point characteristic, the mobility of crude oil in reservoir and pit shaft is caused to be deteriorated, especially reach a class oil reservoir of viscous crude magnitude, its exploitation difficulty is large, and recovery ratio is low.Under viscous crude refers to formation condition, viscosity was greater than for 50 milli handkerchief seconds, or degassed crude viscosity is the high viscosity heavy crude of 1000 ~ 10000 milli handkerchief seconds under reservoir temperature.Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil is high, density is high, few containing light ends, exploitation difficulty.
But meanwhile, research finds, this class oil reservoir often has responsive sticky warm nature, and the thermal recovery technology that development in recent years is got up receives much concern, and becomes the study hotspot improving oil recovery field both at home and abroad.
Make a general survey of existing thermal recovery technology, current heating power provides and mostly is steam and makes hot fluid, harsh to equipment requirement, produce that steam power consumption is high, boiler takes up an area that space is large, thermal loss is many, space comparatively large on well depth or load-bearing is limited and climate condition affects obvious oil field, it is large that technology implements difficulty.
In addition, when oil well or well group use steam soak or steam flooding to exploit, cost of winning is high, water resource waste is serious, need pollutant effluents processing cost high.High cost, high pollution limit the development using steam as fluid thermal chemical recovery mode.
There is gas at the cavity place of oil reservoir, and its gas componant is containing natural gas or oil field gas, and the gas at the cavity place of oil reservoir is referred to as cavity gas by us at this also to can be described as casing-head gas or associated gas.Being found by research, utilizing cavity gas can overcome the shortcoming of vapor stream to carrying out recovering the oil after oil reservoir heating.
The method has: the feature that oil-gas ratio is high, yield is high that cost for oil production is low, pressure and temperature low without the need to water resource, contamination data analysis cost can carry out regulating and controlling respectively, recover the oil.
Therefore, the present invention proposes one and utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve current thickened oil recovery exist problem, what the invention provides a kind of optimization utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, and its concrete technical scheme is as follows:
One utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, comprises the steps: that the cavity gas in oil oil reservoir is imported firing equipment to be heated; Then by after the cavity gas inject oil reservoir after heating, recover the oil.
Further, described cavity gas is heated to 80 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C by firing equipment.
Further, one or more in nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, inert gas are passed into down-hole simultaneously, carry out down-hole pressure regulation and/or heating and recover the oil.
Further, the initial stage oil reservoir that recovers the oil does not have cavity gas, and one or more in nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, inert gas are passed into down-hole, carries out down-hole pressure regulation and/or heating and recovers the oil; Until utilize cavity gas to carry out down-hole pressure regulation and/or heating after cavity is formed.
Further, the initial stage oil reservoir that recovers the oil does not form cavity gas, first uses existing oil production method to recover the oil; Until utilize cavity gas to carry out down-hole pressure regulation and heating after cavity gas is formed.
Further, the cavity gas of oil reservoir enters gas-liquid separator by well casing and carries out gas-liquid separation, and after gas-liquid separation, liquid enters oil trap, and cavity gas enters firing equipment and heats; Liquid carries out water-oil separating through oil water separator before entering oil trap; Cavity gas is stored by gas collection container before entering firing equipment.
Further, a part of cavity gas enters firing equipment and uses as the fuel of firing equipment.
Further, described oil comprises one or more in light petroleum, viscous crude, shale oil, oil-sand, pitch, kerogen.
Further, the flue gas that described firing equipment produces is injected into oil reservoir simultaneously.
Further, in described oil reservoir, place catalyst container, in catalyst container, place catalyzer; Described catalyst container is surperficial tapping vessel, and oil can by perforate inflow and outflow catalyst container.
One provided by the present invention utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, has the following advantages:
The present invention utilizes cavity gas to realize, to oil reservoir heating, having the effect well increasing oil product mobility and the displacement of reservoir oil as the carrier of heat.The present invention utilizes cavity gas as the carrier of heat, plays the effect replacing steam soak or steam flooding.Because the present invention utilizes cavity gas to replace steam as the carrier of heat, thus do not need to use water to produce steam; The effect that can play saving water resource, reduce the production process of thermal recovery oil, reduce later stage cost of sewage disposal, reduce oil recovery cost of production.
Steam soak or steam flooding technology are by heating to reservoir flooding water steam oil reservoir, and after steam heat release, condensation becomes water, and water amasss becomes base water in oil reservoir, affects oil recovery yield.Because the present invention is not to reservoir flooding water steam, oil reservoir base water can be reduced compared with steam soak or steam flooding technology, there is the effect improving effective campaign, improve oil-gas ratio, improve recovery ratio.
Interact between the temperature and pressure of steam, the pressure and temperature in oil reservoir is more difficult carries out independent adjustment according to need of production, there is the shortcoming that pressure and temperature conditions each other.The present invention uses cavity gas as the carrier of heat, does not have inevitable interaction relation between the pressure and temperature of cavity gas, and thus the present invention has that temperature is adjustable, the advantage of pressure adjustable.Optimum pressure and optimum temperature can be set arbitrarily according to need of production.Oil reservoir low-voltage high-temperature is conducive to oil and collects to shaft bottom; High pressure-temperature is beneficial to the exploitation of oil.Can be recovered the oil by adjustment cavity gas-heated temperature, reach the effect improving oil recovery yield.
The present invention can adopt constant voltage mode to heat, and also by the different demands to pressure adopt transformation mode to heat according to heating period and oil recovery stage, can improve the recovery ratio of oil.The present invention can adopt thermostatic mode to heat, and also by the different demands to temperature adopt alternating temperature mode to heat according to different heating stage and different oil recovery stage, can improve the recovery ratio of oil.
Heat transfer medium under Injection Well of the present invention is cavity gas, has the advantage of the gas volume advantage that gas volume does not diminish because of liquefaction, down-hole pressure easy-regulating compared with steam, has the high advantage of oil displacement efficiency when replacing steam flooding technology.
There is the problem of the drainage underground that the condensation because of steam causes in steam soak or steam flooding, the injection pressure of steam incoming and outcoming or steam flooding steam and temperature condition each other simultaneously, there is the problem adjusting separately temperature or pressure difficulty as required.Compare with steam soak or steam flooding, neither there is the problem of the drainage underground that the condensation because of steam causes in the present invention, the temperature and pressure of heating also can adjust as required respectively, compared with steam soak or steam flooding technology, there is the thermal efficiency high, the advantage that production technology adjustment flexibly, adjusting range is wide.
The present invention's part cavity gas enters firing equipment and uses as the fuel of firing equipment, and the flue gas that firing equipment produces is injected into oil reservoir simultaneously, can play the effect that part replaces utilizing fireflood (burning oil) to heat oil reservoir.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram utilizing the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram utilizing the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Detailed description of the invention
The hydronic oil production method of cavity gas is utilized to be described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to one of the present invention.
When oil well or well group use steam soak or steam flooding to exploit, have that cost of winning is high, water resource waste, need the shortcoming of pollutant effluents processing cost.There is gas at the cavity place of oil reservoir, i.e. cavity gas.Its gas componant contains natural gas or oil field gas, also referred to as casing-head gas or associated gas.Cavity gas principal component is the non-hydrocarbonaceous materials such as the low-carbon alkanes such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane and carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfide.The cavity gas that utilizes provided by the invention has the method that oil reservoir heats: cost for oil production is low, without the need to water resource, contamination data analysis cost is low, pressure and temperature is adjustable, the feature that oil-gas ratio is high, yield is high of oil recovery.
Embodiment 1:
The present invention can be applied to swallowing-spitting and recover the oil, and also can be applied to displacement of reservoir oil formula and recover the oil.For ease of illustrating, the present embodiment is described for displacement of reservoir oil formula.
The collection well casing of cavity gas and inject well casing and oil recovery well casing and flue gas and inject well casing sleeve pipe can be utilized to realize sharing one or a few well casing, also can use independent well casing respectively.In the present embodiment, be described for independent well casing.
As can be seen from Figure 1, one utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, and utilize pressure differential tentatively to carry out after gas-liquid gives by the cavity gas in oil reservoir 30 through eliminator 1, by bleeding, well casing 2 enters firing equipment 11.Pressure differential both can be the difference of reservoir pressure and atmospheric gas pressure, also can be the pressure differential utilizing external force to manufacture.Oil reservoir 30 is refilled through 2# compressor 23 pressurization after cavity gas is heated into high-temperature gas by firing equipment 11.After oil reservoir is heated, the mobility of oil increases, and is easier to collect to shaft bottom, is conducive to improving oil recovery efficiency.After oil collects, the oil extraction in shaft bottom will be pooled to oil pumper 26.Gas injection pressure can be adjusted as required, so that recover the oil during oil recovery.Oil after extraction can carry out heat exchange with the combustion air of firing equipment, improves the thermal efficiency.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is described for displacement of reservoir oil formula equally.With reference to Fig. 2, utilize pressure differential to be entered by well casing 2 of bleeding by the cavity gas in oil reservoir 4 and carry out gas-liquid separator 6.Utilize sampling apparatus 3 pairs of cavity gases to sample after extraction, grasp oxygen content to guarantee production safety.Above-mentioned pressure differential both can be the difference of reservoir pressure and atmospheric gas pressure, also can be the pressure differential utilizing external force to manufacture.
As not highly in moisture in liquid after separation can directly enter oil trap 8, as moisture is high in liquid after separation, then be introduced into oil water separator 7 and carry out water-oil separating, oil after separation enters oil trap 8, water after separation can focus on water storage device 10, water after separation under Injection Well, or can discharge after purified treatment, if can establish separately under water Injection Well well casing or utilization bleed well casing 2, gas injection well casing 27, flue gas well casing 28 any well casing inject.The total amount of the water of down-hole can not be increased under water Injection Well after separation, there is not the problem affecting environment; As discharged after purified treatment, need the water yield to be processed few compared with use steam flooding or cyclic steam injection tech, cost is low, and the present invention has the good feature of the feature of environmental protection compared with steam flooding or steam soak.
Part cavity gas is as the fuel of firing equipment, enter firing equipment 11 to use, firing equipment also can use it to heat as other fuel such as coal, oil, biomass energies, or adopt non-burning mode of heating to heat, as modes such as electrical heating, heating plasma, heat pump, underground heat, solar energy heating.The pattern adopting cavity gas to carry out heating as the fuel of firing equipment makes the present invention and this equipment have the self-functions of physical supply of the energy, does not substantially need the advantage of extra power.
Remaining cavity gas part enters gas collection container 18 and stores, and another part cavity gas enters firing equipment 11 and is heated to form high-temperature gas after compressor 17 carries out supercharging.1# compressor 17 also can design at firing equipment 11 rear portion, carries out supercharging to high-temperature gas.The cavity gas part being stored at gas collection container 18 can be used as product introduction gas gathering line 10 or gas product container.
Can arrange gas collection container 18 reservoir cavity gas, for the deposit gas of the adjustment of down-hole pressure, cavity gas more than needed can as gas gathering line 19 system of product introduction fuel gas.
Different and the object difference of gathering according to exploitation object, cavity gas-heated temperature can need to be heated between 80 DEG C to 900 DEG C according to exploitation, such as lower to viscosity oil reservoir can be heated to about 100 DEG C when heating, about 350 DEG C can be heated to when general heavy crude reservoir is heated, by exploit for the purpose of combustion gas to can oil-sand or combustion organic rock heating time can be heated to more than 600 DEG C to improve the yield of light paraffins and hydrogen.To oil reservoir cavity, larger or through cavity heating-up temperature will suitably improve, otherwise wants suitable control temperature unsuitable too high, to guarantee the most rationalization of yield.Heating and temperature control can be completed by automation control system, and firing equipment 11 can install explosion-proof control system, security alerting system, explosion-proof valve, safety valve.
High-temperature gas after heating is injected into oil reservoir 4 through carrier pipe 14, gantry 16, expansion bend 15, gas injection well casing 27, heats oil reservoir.The cavity gas of high temperature enters injection well casing, and injecting well casing bottom can arrange nozzle, to improve the mobility of high temperature cavity gas at oil reservoir and cavity, carries the high heat exchanger effectiveness of oil reservoir.
Bleed well casing 2, gas injection well casing 27, flue gas well casing 28, oil recovery well casing 29 sleeve in can use insulated tubing, also can use companion's hot well pipe.Can use vertical tube, in addition the combination of tipping tube, transverse tube, bend pipe or aforementioned four kinds of well casings all can adopt, and the angle of well casing and shape and can need to determine according to field working conditions.
Oil reservoir can place catalyst container 24, place oil product cracking catalyst for cracking in catalyst container 24, catalyst container is surperficial tapping vessel, and oil can by perforate inflow and outflow catalyst container, reach catalysis object, catalyst container can arrange one or more.The energy of the heat utilizing cavity gas to carry and the flowing of cavity gas, carries out cracking reaction and the cracking reaction of oil at oil reservoir 4; Utilize the low-carbon alkanes in cavity gas and hydrogen to carry out reformation process to the oil product after cracking and cracking, the oil product realized in oil reservoir carries out the object of viscosity reduction, improves the surcharge of oil product simultaneously.
Method and the present invention that interfacial agent or alkali can be joined oil reservoir share, and utilize the advantage of cavity gas high mass dryness fraction, improve interfacial agent or the concentration of alkali in oil product, to reach the object reducing oil viscosity; Because use steam heating that the oil reservoir base water yield can be made to increase, the amount that water yield increase can make interfacial agent or alkali be dissolved in water increases, reduce the interfacial agent of useful effect or the ratio of alkali in oil product, cause the shortcoming that cost of production raises, so the present invention and to merge the availability of method interfacial agent or the alkali used to the method that oil reservoir adds interfacial agent or alkali high, cost for oil production is minimized, and uses the method for interfacial agent or alkali and directly use the method for interfacial agent or alkali when its effect is better than steam heating.
Firing equipment 11 can use electrical heating or heating plasma heat pump, underground heat, solar energy heating etc. or use the mode as combustion fuels such as coal, oil, biomass energies to heat.When using combustion system to heat, the flue gas of firing equipment discharge can be injected into oil reservoir; Same well casing can be utilized to inject with cavity gas during injection, also different well casing can be utilized to inject respectively from cavity gas.
The flue gas that firing equipment 11 of the present invention produces can be injected into oil reservoir, this mode can realize except the heat radiation heat waste caused by insulation of equipment layer, the generation heat of firing equipment 11 is all transported to the effect of oil reservoir 4, and equipment thermal efficiency is high, effectively can control cost for oil production.The flue gas that firing equipment 11 produces enters flue gas well casing 28 and enters into oil reservoir 4, to heating after caisson 21 after 2# compressor 23 supercharging.Heated perimeter is the oil reservoir thermal treatment zone 30, contains well casing 2 of bleeding, gas injection well casing 27, flue gas well casing 28, oil pumper 26 region.After oil reservoir is heated, oil flow increases, and is easier to collect to shaft bottom, is conducive to improving oil recovery efficiency.After oil collects, the oil extraction in shaft bottom will be pooled to oil pumper 26.Gas injection pressure can be adjusted as required, so that recover the oil during oil recovery.
Down-hole oil reservoir 4 and cavity 5 can install temperature sensing device and pressure sensor device, and information gathering is to ground.The control of pressure and temperature can be completed by automation control system.
When oil reservoir is heated, gas injection pressure and temperature can be adjusted as required, so that the collecting of oil.During adjustment pressure, the cavity gas that gas collection container 18 can be utilized to preserve adjusts.When cavity gas is not enough, nitrogen or carbon dioxide or water vapour or inert gas can be supplemented via inert gas entrance 25 and carry out down-hole pressure regulation and heating.
Making full use of in flue gas while heat, a small amount of oxygen contained in flue gas can produce oxidation reaction at down-hole and the oil of oil reservoir 4 or the fuel gas of cavity, releases heat; The principle of this method and viscous crude fireflood is similar to, and is conducive to the recovery ratio improving oil reservoir.Implementing of the present invention while, only need by flue gas compressor to oil reservoir, the present invention has the low advantage of cost compared with viscous crude fireflood technology.Well casing can be shared with well casing 2,27,29 when flue gas injects, also can be used alone well casing.
The oil be drawn into by oil pumper 26 enters eliminator 6, carries out gas-liquid separation, and the liquid after separation is as not high in moisture, directly enters oil trap 8; As moisture is high, then the liquid after being separated enters into oil water separator 7 and carries out water-oil separating, and the oil after separation enters oil trap 8.
Water after separation can focus on water storage device 10, and the water after separation under Injection Well, or can discharge after purified treatment.Cavity gas after gas-liquid separator 6 is separated enters gas collection container 18, collaborates with the cavity gas obtained via well casing 2 of bleeding.
When existing Steam Heating technology or fireflood technology are applied in outlying well, do not have fuel gas pipe network due to neighbouring, fuel gas cost recovery is high, there is fuel gas and does sky discharge or empty burning process, waste larger.The present invention be applied in outlying aboveground time, the part of cavity gas is used as the fuel of firing equipment, and remaining cavity gas is used as heat carrier and is returned to down-hole, without the need to discharging sky.In the oil extraction in oil field later stage, within a short period of time cavity gas can be concentrated and carry out collection and commercial treatment, there is the advantage of efficient energy-saving.
The present invention both can be used alone, again can with the method for Steam Heating oil reservoir and use, can also heat the method for oil reservoir and use with nitrogen, carbon dioxide, inert gas, can also and chemistry exploitation send out and use.Oil recovery initial stage oil reservoir does not form cavity gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, one or more in inert gas can carry out down-hole pressure regulation and heating and recover the oil; Until utilize cavity gas to carry out down-hole pressure regulation and heating after cavity is formed.Or for recovering the oil, initial stage oil reservoir does not form cavity gas, first uses existing oil production method to recover the oil; Until utilize cavity gas to carry out down-hole pressure regulation and heating after cavity gas is formed.
The present invention can be applied on individual well, can be applied on one or more production well group.The present invention can be applied in the exploitation of oil, in the exploitation comprising light petroleum, viscous crude or be applied in shale oil, oil-sand, pitch, the first-class various uncommon oil reservoir of kerogen or be applied in caustobiolith is carried out, on heating exploitation fuel gas, having the advantage of wide application.
The present invention both can be applied on newly-built oil well, may be used for again the transformation of existing oil well.When being applied to the transformation of existing oil well, existing well casing and oil pumper, without the need to changing, only need increase firing equipment 11 and ancillary service can complete transformation, have the advantage that the transformation cycle is short, improvement cost is low, existing equipment utilization rate is high.
Claims (10)
1. utilize the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps: that the cavity gas in oil oil reservoir is imported firing equipment to be heated; Then by after the cavity gas inject oil reservoir after heating, recover the oil.
2. one according to claim 1 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: described cavity gas is heated to 80 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C by firing equipment.
3. one according to claim 1 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: one or more in nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, inert gas are passed into down-hole simultaneously, carries out down-hole pressure regulation and/or heating and recovers the oil.
4. one according to claim 1 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: the initial stage oil reservoir that recovers the oil does not have cavity gas, one or more in nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, inert gas are passed into down-hole, carries out down-hole pressure regulation and/or heating and recover the oil; Until utilize cavity gas to carry out down-hole pressure regulation and/or heating after cavity is formed.
5. one according to claim 1 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: the initial stage oil reservoir that recovers the oil does not form cavity gas, first uses existing oil production method to recover the oil; Until utilize cavity gas to carry out down-hole pressure regulation and heating after cavity gas is formed.
6. one according to claim 1 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: the cavity gas of oil reservoir enters gas-liquid separator by well casing and carries out gas-liquid separation, after gas-liquid separation, liquid enters oil trap, and cavity gas enters firing equipment and heats; Liquid carries out water-oil separating through oil water separator before entering oil trap; Cavity gas is stored by gas collection container before entering firing equipment.
7. one according to claim 6 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: a part of cavity gas enters firing equipment and uses as the fuel of firing equipment.
8. one according to claim 1 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: described oil comprise in light petroleum, viscous crude, shale oil, oil-sand, pitch, kerogen one or more.
9. one according to claim 1 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: the flue gas that described firing equipment produces is injected into oil reservoir simultaneously.
10. one according to claim 1 utilizes the hydronic oil production method of cavity gas, it is characterized in that: place catalyst container in described oil reservoir, places catalyzer in catalyst container; Described catalyst container is surperficial tapping vessel, and oil can by perforate inflow and outflow catalyst container.
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| CN201510381408.2A CN105019874A (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | Oil extraction method utilizing circulated heating cavity gases |
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| CN201510381408.2A CN105019874A (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | Oil extraction method utilizing circulated heating cavity gases |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108252692A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-07-06 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of method that shale oil recovery is improved using air oxidation thermal fracture |
| CN116927735A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-10-24 | 陕西斯锐明天智能设备有限公司 | Multi-point oil extraction process and gas injection device for stratum block of oil field |
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Application publication date: 20151104 |