CN104933321B - A kind of control method of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration - Google Patents
A kind of control method of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration Download PDFInfo
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- CN104933321B CN104933321B CN201510404262.9A CN201510404262A CN104933321B CN 104933321 B CN104933321 B CN 104933321B CN 201510404262 A CN201510404262 A CN 201510404262A CN 104933321 B CN104933321 B CN 104933321B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control method of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration, ocean and lake field can be applied to.Plume concentration is too small can not to provide the nutrition needed for algal grown；Plume concentration can not be maintained greatly very much by density interface and fallen on below density interface so that nutrition therein can not be utilized by algae；The control method of the present invention is simple and reliable, easy to operate, readily available to gush the depth desired that riser is laid, so as to ensure that artificial upper up-flow plume concentration meets algal grown demand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean engineering field, more particularly to a kind of control method of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration.
Technical background
Less than 200 meters of deep sea water is rich in nutritive salt, and cleaning is free of pathogenic bacteria.By the research of past few years we
It is diffused in photic zone seawater to improve phytoplankton yield through deep sea water can be lifted, and it, and then increases open sea
The yield of domain sea-farming.Recent years, the research of the various mechanical devices for extracting deep sea water caused everybody interest, its
In eternal brine spring, the hydrodynamic performance of wave force and strength upper up-flow device receives more concerns.However, on restriction is artificial
One obstacle of up-flow development is to be difficult to ensure that the plume concentration after dilution is ideal concentration.In addition, too high density can cause
Plume can not be thermocline capture by density interface.
After elevated deep sea water sprays from the mouth of pipe, it will undergo three turbulent mixing process.First stage, deep layer
Because negative buoyancy force falls after seawater rising, plume is formed.Plume enters surrounding seawater, and is mixed with surrounding seawater.The of mixing
One process is taken to plume is diluted in a transition interface, that is, the thermocline in seawater.Second stage, the track of plume
Become gentle, due to the obstruction of thermocline, plume horizontal proliferation.Phase III is simultaneously passive by the dynamic of ripple and wave effect
DIFFUSION IN TURBULENCE.The dilution factor of plume depends on a series of hydrodynamic(al) force factors, and some of factors can be in the first and second stages
In controlled, such as mouth of pipe depth, flow, caliber etc..In article《Nutrient transport from an
artificial upwelling of deep sea water》In the eternal brine spring mentioned drive the average speed of upper up-flow plume
Spend model, Yi Ji《Flow prediction in upwelling deep seawater‐the perpetual salt
fountain》Middle simulation from the nutritive salt plume transport mechanism for gushing riser, find from 6m calibers to gush riser plume dilute
Degree of releasing is maintained at 0.1%.Therefore, nutrient concentration in the result in above-mentioned article, plume is too low can not to meet sea
The need for foreign pasture.
It may be said that the systematic Study not controlled so far upper up-flow plume concentration also, does not have any unification certainly yet
Control standard.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that there is provided a kind of controlling party of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration in view of the shortcomings of the prior art
Method, the control method is simple and reliable, easy to operate, can be applied in ocean and lake.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：A kind of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration
Control method, comprises the following steps：
(1) density interface above density of sea water ρ is obtained by measurement0, the following density of sea water ρ of density interface1, deep sea water
Density pd, surrounding seawater transverse flow speed u∞, plume initial velocity u0With gush riser radius i.e. plume initial radium r0Etc. parameter；
The condition (2) must being fulfilled for is maintained by density interface according to mixing liquid density formula (1) and plume, plumage is obtained
The conditional (3) that stream concentration C (x) must is fulfilled for,
Wherein：ρm(x) it is mixing liquid density, Vd(x) it is plume liquid volume, V0(x) in density interface above seawater
The liquid volume of the part seawater mixed with plume, Vd(x)+V0(x) it is plume and the mixed total liquid volume of surrounding seawater,
ρm(x)≤ρ1 (2)
When plume concentration C (x) by density interface on the premise of it can be maintained, plume concentration C (x) is more big more is conducive to algae
Class grows, so, according to formula (3), take plume ideal concentration CoptimalFor：
(2) preferable plume concentration formula (6) is obtained by plume concentration formula (5), then simultaneous formula (4) and formula (6), obtained
The preferable point of impingement x of plume and density interfaceoptimalThe preferable radius r at placeoptimal(xoptimal) such as formula (7)：
Wherein：ζ=u0/u∞；
(3) lagrange formula of two layers flow is：
Wherein, β is experience diffusion coefficient, and in the negative buoyancy force plume in double-deck laterally stream, we take β ≈ 0.17,R (x) is the radius after plume dilution, and x is plume and density interface
The point of impingement；
The r that will be obtained by step (2)optimal(xoptimal) substitute into two layers flow lagrange formula (8) in r (x), can
To obtain the preferable point of impingement x of plume and density interfaceoptimal, i.e.,：
(4) the plume center line in two layers flow is to the expression formula of the distance on sea level：
Wherein：Z (x) is distance of the plume center line to sea level；Z (0) is plume center line initial position to sea level
Distance be the distance for gushing the riser mouth of pipe to sea level；
By plume and the preferable point of impingement x of density interfaceoptimalThe plume center line substituted into two layers flow arrives sea level
After x in the expression formula (10) of distance, it can obtain gushing the riser mouth of pipe to the ideal distance z on sea leveloptimalFor：
Wherein：H0=z (xoptimal), H0For density interface and the distance on sea level；
(5) it can obtain gushing the riser mouth of pipe to the ideal distance z on sea level by step (1)-(4)optimal, riser will be gushed and set
Put in depth desired zoptimalPlace, you can realize the control of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention can effectively control plume concentration, build the environment for being conducive to algal grown.
2nd, control method of the invention is simple and reliable, easy to operate, can be applied in ocean and lake.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is artificial upper up-flow plume dilution figure；
In figure, ρ0For density interface above density of sea water, ρ1For the following density of sea water of density interface, u∞It is horizontal for surrounding seawater
To flow velocity, r0To gush riser radius i.e. plume initial radium, H0It is the mouth of pipe and sea for the distance on density interface and sea level, z (0)
The distance of plane, the point of impingement that x is plume and density interface.
Embodiment
With reference to Figure of description, the present invention is described in further detail.
In order to provide more preferable environment to algal grown, the present invention proposes a kind of controlling party of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration
Method, the control method is simple and reliable, easy to operate, can be applied in ocean and lake.Specifically include following steps：
(1) density interface above density of sea water ρ is obtained by measurement0, the following density of sea water ρ of density interface1, deep sea water
Density pd, surrounding seawater transverse flow speed u∞, plume initial velocity u0With gush riser radius i.e. plume initial radium r0；
The condition (2) must being fulfilled for is maintained by density interface according to mixing liquid density formula (1) and plume, plumage is obtained
The conditional (3) that stream concentration C (x) must is fulfilled for,
Wherein：ρm(x) it is mixing liquid density, Vd(x) it is plume liquid volume, V0(x) in density interface above seawater
The liquid volume of the part seawater mixed with plume, Vd(x)+V0(x) it is plume and the mixed total liquid volume of surrounding seawater,
ρm(x)≤ρ1 (2)
When plume concentration C (x) by density interface on the premise of it can be maintained, plume concentration C (x) is more big more is conducive to algae
Class grows, so, according to formula (3), take plume ideal concentration CoptimalFor：
(2) preferable plume concentration formula (6) is obtained by plume concentration formula (5), then simultaneous formula (4) and formula (6), obtained
The preferable point of impingement x of plume and density interfaceoptimalThe preferable radius r at placeoptimal(xoptimal) such as formula (7)：
Wherein：ζ=u0/u∞；
(3) lagrange formula of two layers flow is：
Wherein, β is experience diffusion coefficient, and in the negative buoyancy force plume in double-deck laterally stream, we take β ≈ 0.17,R (x) is the radius after plume dilution, and x is plume and density interface
The point of impingement；
The r that will be obtained by step (2)optimal(xoptimal) substitute into two layers flow lagrange formula (8) in r (x), can
To obtain the preferable point of impingement x of plume and density interfaceoptimal, i.e.,：
(4) plume center line (dotted line in such as Fig. 1) in two layers flow is to the expression formula of the distance on sea level：
Wherein：Z (x) is distance of the plume center line to sea level；Z (0) is plume center line initial position to sea level
Distance be the distance for gushing the riser mouth of pipe to sea level；
By plume and the preferable point of impingement x of density interfaceoptimalThe plume center line substituted into two layers flow arrives sea level
After x in the expression formula (10) of distance, it can obtain gushing the riser mouth of pipe to the ideal distance z on sea leveloptimalFor：
Wherein：H0=z (xoptimal), H0For density interface and the distance on sea level；
(5) it can obtain gushing the riser mouth of pipe to the ideal distance z on sea level by step (1)-(4)optimal, riser will be gushed and set
Put in depth desired zoptimalPlace, you can realize the control of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration.
Plume concentration is too small can not to provide the nutrition needed for algal grown；Plume concentration can not be kept greatly very much by density interface
Firmly fall on below density interface so that nutrition therein can not be utilized by algae；So, riser cloth will be gushed and be put into ideal deeply
Degree can ensure that artificial upper up-flow plume concentration meets algal grown demand.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of control method of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) by measuring
To density interface above density of sea water ρ0, the following density of sea water ρ of density interface1, deep sea water density pd, surrounding seawater laterally flow
Fast u∞, plume initial velocity u0With gush riser radius i.e. plume initial radium r0Parameter；
The condition (2) must being fulfilled for is maintained by density interface according to mixing liquid density formula (1) and plume, plume is obtained dense
The conditional (3) that degree C (x) must is fulfilled for,
Wherein：ρm(x) it is mixing liquid density, Vd(x) it is plume liquid volume, V0(x) be density interface above seawater in plumage
Flow the liquid volume of the part seawater of mixing, Vd(x)+V0(x) it is plume and the mixed total liquid volume of surrounding seawater,
ρm(x)≤ρ1 (2)
When plume concentration C (x) by density interface on the premise of it can be maintained, plume concentration C (x) is more big more is conducive to algae to give birth to
It is long, so, according to formula (3), take plume ideal concentration CoptimalFor：
(2) preferable plume concentration formula (6) is obtained by plume concentration formula (5), then simultaneous formula (4) and formula (6), obtains plume
With the preferable point of impingement x of density interfaceoptimalThe preferable radius r at placeoptimal(xoptimal) such as formula (7)：
Wherein：ζ=u0/u∞；
(3) lagrange formula of two layers flow is：
Wherein, β is experience diffusion coefficient, and in the negative buoyancy force plume in double-deck laterally stream, we take β ≈ 0.17,R (x) is the radius after plume dilution, and x is plume and density interface
The point of impingement；
The r that will be obtained by step (2)optimal(xoptimal) substitute into two layers flow lagrange formula (8) in r (x), can obtain
To plume and the preferable point of impingement x of density interfaceoptimal, i.e.,：
(4) the plume center line in two layers flow is to the expression formula of the distance on sea level：
Wherein：Z (x) is distance of the plume center line to sea level；Z (0) be plume center line initial position to sea level away from
From gushing the riser mouth of pipe to a distance from sea level；
By plume and the preferable point of impingement x of density interfaceoptimalThe plume center line substituted into two layers flow is to the distance on sea level
After x in expression formula (10), it can obtain gushing the riser mouth of pipe to the ideal distance z on sea leveloptimalFor：
Wherein：H0=z (xoptimal), H0For density interface and the distance on sea level；
(5) it can obtain gushing the riser mouth of pipe to the ideal distance z on sea level by step (1)-(4)optimal, riser will be gushed and be arranged on
Depth desired zoptimalPlace, you can realize the control of artificial upper up-flow plume concentration.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102524124A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | Device and method for lifting shallow sea bed nutrients by air injection |
| CN104245899A (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2014-12-24 | Sea6能源有限公司 | Process of production of renewable chemicals and biofuels from seaweeds |
| CN104472409A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-01 | 朱祖阳 | Green geo-engineering system device for regulating global climate change |
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| EA201070128A1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2010-08-30 | Райан Стилберг | DEEP-WATER SYSTEM AND DEVICE FOR GENERATION OF ELECTRIC ENERGY |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104245899A (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2014-12-24 | Sea6能源有限公司 | Process of production of renewable chemicals and biofuels from seaweeds |
| CN102524124A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | Device and method for lifting shallow sea bed nutrients by air injection |
| CN104472409A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-01 | 朱祖阳 | Green geo-engineering system device for regulating global climate change |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 现代海底热液过程及成矿;李军等;《地球科学(中国地质大学学报)》;20140331;第39卷(第3期);第312-324页 * |
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Inventor after: Fan Wei Inventor after: Xu Feng Inventor after: Xu Chicheng Inventor after: Qiang Yongfa Inventor after: Wang Kui Inventor after: Pan Yiwen Inventor after: Chen Ying Inventor before: Fan Wei Inventor before: Xu Chicheng Inventor before: Qiang Yongfa Inventor before: Wang Kui Inventor before: Pan Yiwen Inventor before: Chen Ying |
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