CN104846219A - Preparation device and preparation method of metal semi-solid billets - Google Patents
Preparation device and preparation method of metal semi-solid billets Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation device and preparation method of metal semi-solid billets, which belong to the field of metal materials and metallurgical technologies. The preparation device of metal semi-solid billets disclosed by the invention comprises a heating mechanism, a crucible and a lifting platform, wherein the heating mechanism comprises an alternating-current power supply and a heating coil, the heating coil is connected with the alternating-current power supply by a lead, and the heating coil comprises a first coil and a second coil; and the crucible is fixed on the lifting platform and arranged in the first coil and the second coil. The preparation method of metal semi-solid billets disclosed by the invention comprises a step of cyclic remelting treatment, and the cyclic remelting treatment mainly comprises the following steps: alternately closing the first coil and the second coil, controlling that the center temperature of a metal melt is in a semi-solid temperature range, and cyclically moving the crucible upwards and downwards. Through the adoption of the invention, pure and pollution-free metal semi-solid billets can be obtained; and the preparation device is simple in equipment and operation and low in cost, and widely applied to various alloy materials.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic substance and metallurgical technology field, more specifically, relate to preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The semi-solid state forming technique of metal alloy compositions is the material forming techniques of a kind of advanced person grown up nineteen seventies, it combines the strong point of solidifying processing and plastic working, namely processing temperature is lower than liquid state, resistance to deformation is less than solid-state, can once complicated with aximal deformation value shaping form and precision and the higher part of performance quality requirements, be therefore called as 21 century the most promising material forming working method.Compared to traditional Founding moldability technology, the foundry goods produced by this method has the advantages such as the defects such as process redundancy is few, homogeneous microstructure, crystal grain are tiny, shrinkage cavity and porosity are less.According to the difference of operational path, semi-solid state forming technique can be divided into rheological molding (Rheocasting) and the large class of thixotropic forming (Thixocasting) two.Wherein, rheological molding refers to and blank is directly formed processing under semi-solid temperature, and thixotropic forming will carry out follow-up formed machining again under its second-heating to semi-solid temperature after referring to rheological slurry cooled and solidified, this two classes technology respectively has superiority, there is larger difference in the technological line taked, but they have a common link, namely first must prepare and have evenly, the semi solid slurry of tiny non-dendritic structure or blank, also the dentrite namely impelling alloy to be formed in process of setting changes globular crystal into, and the inside being evenly distributed in whole melt can be compared.The preparation of semi-solid blank/slurry is one of key link in semi-solid state forming technique, is also one of important step limiting this technical development.
Method for the preparation of metal semisolid blank has a lot, according to the fundamental mechanism that microstructure of semisolid is formed, roughly they can be divided into two large classes, one class be solidifying/process of cooling in, comprise stirring by certain means, vibration, fast cooling or heterogeneous nucleating agent etc. suppress the growth of dentrite, promote the formation of spheric grain; One class is in the solid state, destroys original as-cast structure by certain means such as gross distortion, recrystallize etc., promotes the formation of small grains.Wherein, the preparation method of relatively more conventional at present metal semisolid blank mainly comprises following several:
(1) mechanical mixing method the method is the technology of preparing of the semi solid slurry/blank being applied to metallic substance the earliest, its principle is exactly utilize strong mechanical force to interrupt the dentrite formed in process of cooling, facilitate the equalizing temperature of melt inside simultaneously, inhibit the growth of dentrite, finally realize crystal grain from branch pattern to spherical development, and impel crystal grain being uniformly distributed in melt inside.Last century the seventies Flemings and he student first proposition mechanical mixing method can obtain the semi-solid blank of Sn-Pb alloy, thus as making a start, define multiple mechanical agitation methods, the method with features that such as US Patent No. 3902544, US3948650 and US3954455 etc. propose, especially the people such as British scholar Z.Fan proposes duplex mechanical mixing method (Twin-screw Rheomoulding Process), achieves larger breakthrough.The strength using mechanical agitation methods to stir when preparing semi solid slurry/blank is comparatively large, and throughput rate is higher, but when using the method the life-span of whipping appts shorter and easily pollute metal, apply less in the preparation of metal semisolid blank.
(2) electromagnetic stirring method the method is technology most widely used at present, which overcome the shortcoming that above-mentioned mechanical mixing method needs whipping appts and melt contacts, its cardinal principle utilizes rotary electromagnetic field to produce induction field in molten metal, molten metal produces motion under the effect of lorentz's force, and by the effect of electromagnetic induction power, the dentrite of precipitation is broken into spherical warp, this technology takes full advantage of electromagnetic field as the means stirred, and achieves contactless stirring.As, US Patent No. 4434837 and US4229210 all disclose a kind of electromagnetic agitation method preparing semi-solid-state metal and alloy pulp and blank, can prepare tiny, uniform semi-solid-state metal and alloy pulp to a certain extent by using the method in above-mentioned application case; And for example, Chinese patent 200420112702.0 also discloses a kind of device of optical ground wire method continuous production semi-solid metal slurry, primary structure and the principle of this device are: in tundish, apply induction stirring, the overall uniform decrease in temperature of the liquid making tundish overheated is to liquidus temperature, all apply intense electromagnetic outward at thrust-augmenting nozzle to stir, metal liquid stream can obtain and fully cool fast, number of nuclei is significantly increased, the obvious refinement of solidified structure, thus can obtain to a certain extent organizing relatively tiny metal semisolid blank/slurry.But when adopting electromagnetic stirring method to prepare metal semisolid blank in above application case, comparatively large to the consumption of electric energy, and required device structure is complicated, invest higher, organizing of gained semi-solid blank is relatively uneven, thus limits the development of this technology.
(3) main points of strain inducing fusing Activiation method (Strain-induced Melt Activation Process) the method first utilize traditional castmethod to prepare the tiny strand of crystal grain, then at the temperature of recovery and recrystallization, high temperature deformation is carried out, broken as-cast structure, be aided with a small amount of cold deformation again, finally again the strand after predeformation be heated to semi-solid temperature interval and carry out secondary remelting process i.e. obtained required semi-solid-state shaping blank.As, Chinese patent 201210054148.4 discloses the method for a kind of SIMA legal system for semi solid slurry, pure, free of contamination semi solid slurry can be prepared to a certain extent by using the method in this application case, but use this technological operation more complicated, need increase by one predeformation operation, to distortion operation requirement higher, process loaded down with trivial details, production cost is high, productivity is low, can only produce miniature parts.
In addition, the preparation method of metal semisolid blank also has heat treating process, adds the methods such as powder alterant method, ultrasonic vibration method and spray deposition, but the technology can industrially carrying out promoting the use of at present only has electromagnetic stirring method and strain inducing fusing Activiation method, and the technology of preparing of above existing semi-solid blank mainly obtains and applies widely, especially in industry such as automobile, aerospace, electrical equipment in low melting point non-ferrous metal field.And to high-melting-point ferrous materials, because its fusing point is higher, melt electric conductivity is low, thus brings very large difficulty to the preparation of semi-solid blank, and power of agitator as required is large, churning time long, its heating, insulation, need good measure etc. in process of cooling.
Through retrieval, the patent report about the preparation method of the semi-solid blank of high-melting-point ferrous materials is existing relevant open.
As: Chinese Patent Application No.: 201110006232.4, invention and created name: induction stirring prepared by a kind of ferrous metal semi-solid slurry and vibrating composite apparatus, this application case discloses a kind of induction stirring for the preparation of high-melting-point ferrous metal semi-solid slurry and vibrating composite apparatus, by carrying out induction stirring and vibration Combined Processing to metal melt, thus make dendrite fragmentation, prepare the semi solid slurry be made up of tiny nearly globular structure.This application case may be used for the semi-solid blank preparing high-melting-point ferrous materials to a certain extent, but its equipment is more complicated with operation, easily elastic failure is there is after vibrating spring life-time service, thus affect the vibrating effect of device, the balling effect of dendritic structure in semi-solid blank is reduced greatly.
Therefore, high-melting-point ferrous materials can be applicable in the urgent need to working out one, and the preparation method of lower-cost semi-solid blank.
Summary of the invention
1. invent the technical problem that will solve
The technology of preparing that the object of the invention is to overcome existing semi-solid blank is used for preparing the semi-solid blank of low-smelting-point non-ferrous alloy, can not for the preparation of the semi-solid blank of high-melting-point ferrous materials or preparation effect poor, and device structure and complicated operation, the deficiency that cost of investment is high, provides preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank and preparation method thereof.In the application of the invention, the preparation facilities of metal semisolid blank and preparation method can prepare various alloy material, especially the semi-solid blank of high-melting-point ferrous materials, and prepared semi-solid blank is pure pollution-free, equipment and simple to operate, cost is lower.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
One, the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present invention, comprise heating arrangements, crucible and lifting gantry, wherein, described heating arrangements comprises AC power and heater coil, described heater coil is connected with AC power by wire, and above-mentioned heater coil comprises the first coil and the second coil; Described crucible to be fixed on lifting gantry and to be placed in the first coil and the second coil inside.
Further, shielding gas import is provided with at described crucible top.
Further, be also provided with an open holes at described crucible top, be mounted with a thermopair by this open holes, and the induction end of this thermopair extend into described crucible inside.
Further, the first described coil and the second coil adopt and are connected in parallel, and the first coil is positioned at the top of the second coil.
Its two, the preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present invention, is characterized in that: comprise conventional melting, refining treatment operation and circulation re melting process operation, wherein, circulation re melting process operation comprises the following steps:
The preparation facilities of step one, use metal semisolid blank, uses the first coil and the second coil to carry out induction heating to the metal melt in crucible after melting and refining simultaneously, and by METAL HEATING PROCESS to its liquidus temperature T
lbetween above 30-80 DEG C, insulation 10-30min;
Step 2, reach step one temperature after, alternately closedown first coil and the second coil, the core temperature controlling metal melt is between the liquid phase of metal alloy compositions and solidus temperature gap, i.e. T
l-T
sbetween; Utilize lifting gantry, with the speed of 0.4m/min-1.2m/min cyclically mobile crucible up and down ,-circulation the re melting process of remelting-solidify is solidified to metal melt, namely obtains the semi solid slurry of required metal;
After metal melt circulation re melting process being completed in step 3, step 2, the semi solid slurry of gained is cooled to the semi-solid blank that namely room temperature forms required metal.
Further, to metal melt carry out real time sample detection in the re melting process process that circulates in step 2, the number of times of re melting process is organized with the dentrite sampling detection discovery sample and is changed globular crystal completely into for foundation.
Further, when circulation re melting process being carried out to the metal melt after melting and refining in step 2, when move up crucible time close the first coil and use the second coil to heat, then close the second coil when moving downward and use the first coil to heat.
Further, when carrying out circulation re melting process to metal melt in step 2, the coboundary that the amplitude that crucible moves up just leaves the first coil with crucible is as the criterion, and the lower boundary that the amplitude that crucible moves down then just leaves the second coil with crucible is as the criterion.
Further, in melting, refining and circulation re melting process process, all pass into protective gas by shielding gas import, to reduce oxidation and the air-breathing of metal melt.
Further, metal alloy is being carried out in circulation re melting process process, using thermopair to carry out Real-Time Monitoring to the temperature of metal melt.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following unusual effect:
(1) preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present invention, after metallic substance being carried out to the conventional process such as melting, refining, adopt AC power, be used alternatingly the first coil and the second coil and the-circulating-heating re melting process of remelting-solidify is solidified to metal melt, dendrite in metal melt is constantly fused, and again solidify the tiny globular crystal of formation, and under the effect of lorentz's force, energy ecto-entad advances gradually, thus dendrite in metal melt is fused completely and comparatively evenly, obtains even, fine and close metal semisolid blank; Owing to can be controlled the Heating temperature of re melting process in the present invention by the power of adjustment AC power, Heating temperature can reach high value, technically easily realize, therefore, the present invention can be widely used in various alloy material, especially also better to the preparation effect of high-melting-point ferrous materials semi-solid blank, thus the technical barrier that the preparation overcoming high-melting-point ferrous materials semi-solid blank is more difficult.
(2) preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present invention, gained blank when adopting mechanical agitation methods to prepare semi-solid blank can be solved and be vulnerable to the problem polluted, the whipping appts life-span is short, gained blank is pure pollution-free, and its preparation facilities and technological operation simple, processing efficiency is higher, easy realization, cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present invention;
The tissue topography of aluminium alloy of Fig. 2 (a) for directly obtaining without Semi-solid Material Processing in embodiment 1;
The tissue topography of aluminium alloy of Fig. 2 (b) for obtaining after Semi-solid Material Processing in embodiment 1;
The tissue topography of magnesium alloy of Fig. 3 (a) for directly obtaining without Semi-solid Material Processing in embodiment 2;
The tissue topography of magnesium alloy of Fig. 3 (b) for obtaining after Semi-solid Material Processing in embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 (a) in embodiment 3 without the semi-solid tissue topography of cast iron that Semi-solid Material Processing directly obtains;
The tissue topography of cast iron of Fig. 4 (b) for obtaining after Semi-solid Material Processing in embodiment 3;
Label declaration in schematic diagram:
1, AC power; 2, shielding gas import; 3, thermopair; 401, the first coil; 402, the second coil; 5, crucible; 6, lifting gantry.
Embodiment
For understanding content of the present invention further, existing the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present embodiment, comprise heating arrangements, crucible 5 and lifting gantry 6, wherein, above-mentioned heating arrangements comprises AC power 1 and heater coil, and heater coil is connected with AC power 1 by wire, and above-mentioned heater coil comprises the first coil 401 and the second coil 402, first coil 401 and the second coil 402 adopt and are connected in parallel, and the first coil 401 is positioned at the top of the second coil 402; Above-mentioned crucible 5 to be fixed on lifting gantry 6 and to be placed in the first coil 401 and the second coil 402 is inner.Be provided with shielding gas import 2 and an open holes at the top of above-mentioned crucible 5, be mounted with a thermopair 3 by this open holes, and the induction end of this thermopair 3 extend into described crucible 5 inside.
The preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present embodiment, comprise conventional melting, refining treatment and circulation re melting process operation, wherein melting, refining and circulation re melting process all adopt the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present embodiment.Select A356 aluminium alloy as test materials in the present embodiment, its liquidus temperature is 618 DEG C, solidus temperature is 563 DEG C, when using the device in Fig. 1 to prepare the semi-solid blank of aluminium alloy in the present embodiment, first A356 aluminium alloy is placed in crucible 5, use the first coil 401 and the second coil 402 to be heated to melted state simultaneously, and at 735 DEG C, refining treatment is carried out to metal melt, namely follow-up circulation re melting process operation is carried out to Al-alloy metal melt after refining treatment completes, and in melting, protective gas Ar is passed into by shielding gas import 2 in the whole process of refining and circulation re melting process, to reduce oxidation and the air-breathing of metal melt, use the temperature of thermopair 3 pairs of metal melts to carry out Real-Time Monitoring simultaneously.The concrete steps of above-mentioned circulation re melting process operation are:
Step one, use the first coil 401 and the second coil 402 that the Al-alloy metal melt in crucible 5 after melting and refining is heated to 650 DEG C, insulation 25min simultaneously;
Step 2, reach step one temperature after, alternately closedown first coil 401 and the second coil 402, the core temperature controlling metal melt is between the liquid phase of aluminium alloy and solidus temperature gap, and namely between 563-618 DEG C, in the present embodiment, control temperature maintains about 590 DEG C all the time, utilize lifting gantry 6, crucible 5 is moved up and down with the speed of 0.7m/min,-circulation the re melting process of remelting-solidify is solidified to metal melt, and when move up crucible 5 time close the first coil 401 and use the second coil 402 to heat, then closing the second coil 402 when moving downward uses the first coil 401 to heat, and the coboundary that the amplitude that crucible 5 moves up just leaves the first coil 401 with crucible 5 is as the criterion, the lower boundary that the amplitude that crucible 5 moves down then just leaves the second coil 402 with crucible 5 is as the criterion, metal melt after heat fused is in process of cooling subsequently, dendrite can be grown along the direction perpendicular to sidewall of crucible, and there is the fusing of Models For Secondary Dendrite Arm in these dendrite in heating reflow process subsequently, facilitate the increase of free crystal grain, so repeatedly, by solidifying-the circulation reflow process of remelting-solidify can increase the quantity of free crystal grain greatly, these crystal grain can become the source of semi-solid state spheric grain, when a large amount of free grain formation after, heater coil can produce Lorentz force to metal melt under the effect of alternating-current, under the effect of lorentz's force, energy ecto-entad pushes, can order about free crystal grain makes dendrite fuse gradually to melt internal migration, thus enable the dendrite in melt completely broken, make the dendrite in gained semi-solid blank all change globular crystal into, in circulation re melting process process, also real time sample detection is carried out to metal melt, when the dentrite in metal melt organize change globular crystal completely into time, stop process, namely the semi solid slurry of aluminium alloy is obtained, for each special metal, only need test the number of times once can determining its re melting process, the number of times of the re melting process that circulates in the present embodiment is 5 times,
After completing metal melt circulation re melting process in step 3, step 2, by air-cooled for the aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry of gained to room temperature, i.e. the semi-solid blank of obtained aluminium alloy.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, A356 aluminium alloy does not carry out Semi-solid Material Processing, and its preparation technology is: directly poured into a mould without circulation re melting process after melting in the same manner as in Example 1 and refining treatment by A356 aluminium alloy.
Cut the present embodiment gained semi-solid blank and comparative example 1 metallographic specimen without Semi-solid Material Processing sample respectively, sample is polished, its metallographic structure is observed after polishing, its metallographic structure is respectively as Fig. 2 (a), shown in Fig. 2 (b), comparison diagram 2 (a), in Fig. 2 (b), tissue can be found out, the dentrite in the aluminum alloy organization before Semi-solid Material Processing can be made completely broken by using the technical scheme of this enforcement, define globular crystal tissue, the effect of Semi-solid Material Processing is better, and it is pure by the semi-solid blank of the A356 aluminium alloy prepared by preparation method using a kind of metal semisolid blank of this enforcement, pollution-free, the structure of equipment used and simple to operate, cost is lower.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present embodiment, comprise conventional melting, refining treatment and circulation re melting process operation, wherein melting, refining and circulation re melting process all adopt the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank in Fig. 1.Select AZ91 magnesium alloy as test materials in the present embodiment, its liquidus temperature is 597 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 473 DEG C.When using the device in Fig. 1 to prepare the semi-solid blank of magnesium alloy in the present embodiment; first AZ91 magnesium alloy is placed in crucible 5; use the first coil 401 and the second coil 402 to be heated to melted state simultaneously; and at 720 DEG C, refining treatment is carried out to metal melt; namely follow-up circulation re melting process operation is carried out to magnesium alloy metal melt after refining treatment completes, and pass into 2%SF by shielding gas import 2 in the whole process of melting, refining and circulation re melting process
6+ CO
2mixed gas protected, to reduce oxidation and the air-breathing of metal melt, use the temperature of thermopair 3 pairs of metal melts to carry out Real-Time Monitoring simultaneously.The concrete steps of above-mentioned circulation re melting process operation are:
Step one, use the first coil 401 and the second coil 402 that the magnesium alloy metal melt in crucible 5 after melting and refining is heated to 640 DEG C, insulation 15min;
Step 2, reach step one temperature after, alternately closedown first coil 401 and the second coil 402, the core temperature controlling metal melt is between the liquid phase of magnesium alloy and solidus temperature gap, and namely between 473-597 DEG C, in the present embodiment, control temperature maintains about 520 DEG C all the time, utilize lifting gantry 6, crucible 5 is moved up and down with the speed of 0.6m/min,-circulation the re melting process of remelting-solidify is solidified to metal melt, and when move up crucible 5 time close the first coil 401 and use the second coil 402 to heat, then closing the second coil 402 when moving downward uses the first coil 401 to heat, and the coboundary that the amplitude that crucible 5 moves up just leaves the first coil 401 with crucible 5 is as the criterion, the lower boundary that the amplitude that crucible 5 moves down then just leaves the second coil 402 with crucible 5 is as the criterion, metal melt after heat fused is in process of cooling subsequently, dendrite can be grown along the direction perpendicular to sidewall of crucible, and there is the fusing of Models For Secondary Dendrite Arm in these dendrite in heating reflow process subsequently, facilitate the increase of free crystal grain, so repeatedly, by solidifying-the circulation reflow process of remelting-solidify can increase the quantity of free crystal grain greatly, these crystal grain can become the source of semi-solid state spheric grain, when a large amount of free grain formation after, heater coil can produce Lorentz force to metal melt under the effect of alternating-current, under the effect of lorentz's force, energy ecto-entad pushes, can order about free crystal grain makes dendrite fuse gradually to melt internal migration, thus enable the dendrite in melt completely broken, make the dendrite in gained semi-solid blank all change globular crystal into, in circulation re melting process process, also real time sample detection is carried out to metal melt, when the dentrite in metal melt organize change globular crystal completely into time, stop process, namely obtain the semi solid slurry of magnesium alloy, the number of times of the re melting process that circulates in the present embodiment is 6 times,
After completing metal melt circulation re melting process in step 3, step 2, by the aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry air cooling of gained to room temperature, i.e. the semi-solid blank of obtained AZ91 magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, AZ91 magnesium alloy does not carry out Semi-solid Material Processing, and its preparation technology is: directly poured into a mould without circulation re melting process after the melting identical with the present embodiment and refining treatment by AZ91 magnesium alloy.
Cut the present embodiment gained semi-solid blank and comparative example 2 metallographic specimen without Semi-solid Material Processing sample respectively, sample is polished, its metallographic structure is observed after polishing, its metallographic structure is respectively as Fig. 3 (a), shown in Fig. 3 (b), comparison diagram 3 (a), in Fig. 2 (b), tissue can be found out, the dentrite in the AZ91 Magnesium Alloy before Semi-solid Material Processing can be made completely broken by using the technical scheme of this enforcement, formed by evenly, the semi-solid blank of tiny globular crystal composition, the effect of Semi-solid Material Processing is better, and it is pure by the semi-solid blank of the AZ91 magnesium alloy prepared by preparation method using a kind of metal semisolid blank of this enforcement, pollution-free, the structure of equipment used and simple to operate, cost is lower.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the present embodiment, comprise conventional melting, refining treatment and circulation re melting process operation, wherein melting, refining and circulation re melting process all adopt the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank in Fig. 1.Select T10 tool steel as test materials in the present embodiment, its liquidus temperature is 1480 DEG C, and solidus temperature is 1350 DEG C.When using the device in Fig. 1 to prepare the semi-solid blank of T10 tool steel in the present embodiment; first T10 tool steel is placed in crucible 5; use the first coil 401 and the second coil 402 to be heated to melted state simultaneously; and at 1600 DEG C, refining treatment is carried out to metal melt; namely follow-up circulation re melting process operation is carried out to T10 tool steel metal melt after refining treatment completes, and pass into 2%SF by shielding gas import 2 in the whole process of melting, refining and circulation re melting process
6+ CO
2mixed gas protected, to reduce the oxidation of metal melt and air-breathing etc., use the temperature of thermopair 3 pairs of metal melts to carry out Real-Time Monitoring simultaneously.The concrete steps of above-mentioned circulation re melting process operation are:
Step one, use the first coil 401 and the second coil 402 that the T10 tool steel metal melt in crucible 5 after melting and refining is heated to 1550 DEG C, insulation 20min simultaneously;
Step 2, reach step one temperature after, alternately closedown first coil 401 and the second coil 402, between the liquid phase that the core temperature controlling metal melt is in T10 tool steel and solidus temperature gap, namely between 1350-1480 DEG C, in the present embodiment, control temperature maintains about 1450 DEG C all the time, utilize lifting gantry 6, crucible 5 is moved up and down with the speed of 1m/min,-circulation the re melting process of remelting-solidify is solidified to metal melt, and when move up crucible 5 time close the first coil 401 and use the second coil 402 to heat, then closing the second coil 402 when moving downward uses the first coil 401 to heat, and the coboundary that the amplitude that crucible 5 moves up just leaves the first coil 401 with crucible 5 is as the criterion, the lower boundary that the amplitude that crucible 5 moves down then just leaves the second coil 402 with crucible 5 is as the criterion, metal melt after heat fused is in process of cooling subsequently, dendrite can be grown along the direction perpendicular to sidewall of crucible, and there is the fusing of Models For Secondary Dendrite Arm in these dendrite in heating reflow process subsequently, facilitate the increase of free crystal grain, so repeatedly, by solidifying-the circulation reflow process of remelting-solidify can increase the quantity of free crystal grain greatly, these crystal grain can become the source of semi-solid state spheric grain, when a large amount of free grain formation after, heater coil can produce Lorentz force to metal melt under the effect of alternating-current, under the effect of lorentz's force, energy ecto-entad pushes, can order about free crystal grain makes dendrite fuse gradually to melt internal migration, thus enable the dendrite in melt completely broken, make the dendrite in gained semi-solid blank all change globular crystal into, in circulation re melting process process, also real time sample detection is carried out to metal melt, when the dentrite in metal melt organize change globular crystal completely into time, stop process, namely obtain the semi solid slurry of T10 tool steel, the number of times of the re melting process that circulates in the present embodiment is 8 times,
After completing metal melt circulation re melting process in step 3, step 2, by air-cooled to room temperature for the T10 tool steel semi solid slurry of gained, i.e. the semi-solid blank of obtained T10 tool steel.
Comparative example 3
In this comparative example, T10 tool steel does not carry out Semi-solid Material Processing, and its preparation technology is: T10 tool steel directly poured into a mould without circulation re melting process after the melting identical with the present embodiment and refining treatment.
Cut the present embodiment gained semi-solid blank and comparative example 3 metallographic specimen without Semi-solid Material Processing sample respectively, sample is polished, its metallographic structure is observed after polishing, its metallographic structure is respectively as Fig. 4 (a), shown in Fig. 4 (b), comparison diagram 4 (a), in Fig. 4 (b), tissue can be found out, by adopting the technical scheme of the present embodiment, the dentrite in former T10 tool steel tissue can be made completely broken, form the globular crystal of fine uniform, better to the Semi-solid Material Processing effect of high-temperature steel iron material, solve the difficult problem preparation of its semi-solid blank being limited greatly because ferrous materials fusing point is higher.
Can be found out by embodiment 1-3, the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank of the application of the invention and the metal semisolid blank prepared by preparation method pure pollution-free, homogeneous microstructure is fine and close, equipment used and simple to operate, cost is lower, the various alloy material of preparation can be widely used in, especially can prepare the semi-solid blank of high-melting-point ferrous materials.
Schematically above be described the present invention and embodiment thereof, this description does not have restricted, and also just one of the embodiments of the present invention shown in accompanying drawing, actual structure is not limited thereto.So, if those of ordinary skill in the art enlightens by it, when not departing from the invention aim, designing the frame mode similar to this technical scheme and embodiment without creationary, all should protection scope of the present invention be belonged to.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation facilities of a metal semisolid blank, comprise heating arrangements and crucible (5), it is characterized in that: also comprise lifting gantry (6), wherein, described heating arrangements comprises AC power (1) and heater coil, described heater coil is connected with AC power (1) by wire, and above-mentioned heater coil comprises the first coil (401) and the second coil (402); Described crucible (5) is fixed on lifting gantry (6) and goes up and be placed in the first coil (401) and the second coil (402) inside.
2. the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with shielding gas import (2) at described crucible (5) top.
3. the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: be also provided with an open holes at described crucible (5) top, be mounted with a thermopair (3) by this open holes, and the induction end of this thermopair (3) extend into described crucible (5) inside.
4. the preparation facilities of a kind of metal semisolid blank according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described the first coil (401) and the second coil (402) adopt and be connected in parallel, and the first coil (401) is positioned at the top of the second coil (402).
5. a preparation method for metal semisolid blank, is characterized in that: comprise conventional melting, refining treatment operation and circulation re melting process operation, wherein, circulation re melting process operation comprises the following steps:
The preparation facilities of step one, use metal semisolid blank, use the first coil (401) and the second coil (402) to carry out induction heating to the metal melt in crucible (5) after melting and refining simultaneously, and by METAL HEATING PROCESS to its liquidus temperature T
lbetween above 30-80 DEG C, insulation 10-30min;
Step 2, reach step one temperature after, alternately closedown first coil (401) and the second coil (402), the core temperature of control metal melt is between the liquid phase of metal alloy compositions and solidus temperature gap, i.e. T
l-T
sbetween; Utilize lifting gantry (6), with the speed of 0.4m/min-1.2m/min cyclically mobile crucible (5) up and down ,-circulation the re melting process of remelting-solidify is solidified to metal melt, namely obtains the semi solid slurry of required metal;
After metal melt circulation re melting process being completed in step 3, step 2, the semi solid slurry of gained is cooled to the semi-solid blank that namely room temperature forms required metal.
6. the preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: carry out real time sample detection to metal melt in the re melting process process that circulates in step 2, the number of times of re melting process is organized with the dentrite sampling detection discovery sample and is changed globular crystal completely into for foundation.
7. the preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: when circulation re melting process being carried out to the metal melt after melting and refining in step 2, closing the first coil (401) when the crucible that moves up (5) uses the second coil (402) to heat, and then closes the second coil (402) when moving downward and uses the first coil (401) to heat.
8. the preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: when circulation re melting process being carried out to metal melt in step 2, the coboundary that the amplitude that crucible (5) moves up just leaves the first coil (401) with crucible (5) is as the criterion, and the lower boundary that the amplitude that crucible (5) moves down then just leaves the second coil (402) with crucible (5) is as the criterion.
9. the preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank according to any one of claim 5-8; it is characterized in that: in melting, refining and circulation re melting process process, all pass into protective gas by shielding gas import (2), to reduce oxidation and the air-breathing of metal melt.
10. the preparation method of a kind of metal semisolid blank according to claim 9, is characterized in that: carrying out in circulation re melting process process to metal alloy, uses thermopair (3) to carry out Real-Time Monitoring to the temperature of metal melt.
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| CN108141926A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2018-06-08 | 康讯公司 | It is preheated for the large-scale blank electric induction of heat processing technique |
| CN111876614A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-03 | 南通泰德电子材料科技有限公司 | Non-contact high-frequency heating purification device for high-purity aluminum |
| CN113069971A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-06 | 南方科技大学 | Preparation device and preparation method of metal semi-solid slurry |
| CN113564392A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-29 | 四川大学 | Device and method for refining metal solidification structure by semi-solid variable-temperature vibration |
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| CN104846219B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
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