CN104834666A - Acoustic environment functional area partitioning method based on road network and interest points - Google Patents

Acoustic environment functional area partitioning method based on road network and interest points Download PDF

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CN104834666A
CN104834666A CN201510100569.XA CN201510100569A CN104834666A CN 104834666 A CN104834666 A CN 104834666A CN 201510100569 A CN201510100569 A CN 201510100569A CN 104834666 A CN104834666 A CN 104834666A
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functional areas
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蔡铭
陈韩杰
周展鸿
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Sun Yat Sen University
National Sun Yat Sen University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an acoustic environment functional area partitioning method based on a road network and interest points. The method comprises the following steps: according to a road network picture, using image morphology to divide a city area into a plurality of subareas; taking a specific gravity of each interest point category in the area as area description parameters, screening the area description parameters, and then, clustering the area description parameters to obtain different area clustering categories; and according to the acoustic functional area requirement and the acoustic environment impact factor of each interest point category, realizing the calibration of an acoustic functional area of each interest point category, and carrying out acoustic functional area division on the area along a road. Since a large quantity of geographical spatial data in a city is applied to the acoustic functional area division, the method has the advantages of being high in automation degree, high in division efficiency and short in updating period and is suitable for evaluating the current acoustic environment quality of the city.

Description

Based on the acoustic environment function zoning method of road network and point of interest
Technical field
The present invention relates to the acoustic environment function zoning method class in noise circumstance assessment, more specifically, relate to a kind of acoustic environment function zoning method based on road network and point of interest.
Background technology
Noise pollution is one of main pollution source of urban environment, need to assess noise pollution and sound environment quality and manage, and acoustic environment function zoning is the basis of urban sound environmental quality evaluation and management.Acoustic environment function zoning is using function feature according to region and environmental quality requirement; city regional is divided into different sound functional areas classifications; specify that the noise emission limit value of regional, to prevent and treat pollution from environmental noise, protect and better people's living environment.GB GB3096-08 " standard for acoustic environmental quality " specify that the classification of sound function zoning has five classes, is respectively 0 class, 1 class, 2 classes, 3 classes and 4 class acoustic environment functional areas.
Are how core contents of acoustic environment function zoning method according to the Attribute transposition in the region sound functional areas belonging to it, it has become one of hot subject of China's acoustic environment research field.Sound function zoning is carried out according to the Land_use change situation in City attribution, city planning and city in current China various places, achieves positive progress.The division methods of acoustic current environmental function zone, mainly according to the reallocation of land data in city planning, comes the acoustic environment functional areas belonging to zoning according to the area ratio of land type various in region.Meanwhile, the efficiency of the lifting sound function zonings such as geographic information system technology, remote sensing technology, global satellite positioning is employed; Quantitative method such as grey cluster and fuzzy clustering etc. has been used to improve the science divided.
But there is following problem in current city sound function zoning method:
1, sound function zoning yardstick is coarse, cannot carry out detailed noise pollution assessment.The division yardstick of acoustic current functional areas is limited to the plan for land data in city, and the regional scale of plan for land is comparatively large, makes the yardstick of sound function zoning be should be unsuitable little greatly.Subregion is excessive, and intra-zone uses same noise level limit standard, and making to carry out noise pollution assessment cannot be careful.
2, sound functional areas renewal speed is slow, cannot adapt to urban development present situation.Current Urbanization in China is accelerated, city road network and zone broadening, and tradition is based on the acoustic environment functional areas of city planning, and use a large amount of artificial treatment, the update cycle needs about 10 years, and most and Urban Acoustic Environment actual requirement does not meet.
On the other hand, along with in the fast development of Internet technology, city, increasing of various kinds of sensors produces enriching constantly of data with user, and magnanimity urban geography spatial data is collected and discloses.These geographical spatial datas reflect attribute and the function in region, particularly road net data wherein and interest point data.Road network shows the accessibility in region, and city is divided into relatively independent, the discreet region that function is relatively single; Point of interest is all kinds of atural objects providing various service in city, exists and constantly updates in real time in regional, can be used for describing the current area attribute in city.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of Urban Acoustic Environment function zoning method based on urban road network and point of interest.The method uses road network to divide urban area, according to the sound environment quality requirement of point of interest classification each in region, by the cluster analysis of point of interest in each region, can carry out the division of sound functional areas, region.
The present invention, by demarcating suitable model parameter, is applicable to the sound function zoning of different cities, can realize careful sound function zoning and reflect the sound functional requirement when lower area.The basic data that the method uses has real-time, and division result is applicable to the current noise evaluation in city.And the basic data such as road network, point of interest in the present invention is obtained by the open interface of Internet map, Data Source is open, and the update cycle is short, contributes to carrying out noise evaluation work fast.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopt technical scheme be specially:
A kind of acoustic environment function zoning method based on road network and point of interest, road network is used to divide urban area, according to the sound environment quality requirement of point of interest classification each in region, cluster analysis is carried out to point of interest in each region, and demarcate sound functional areas belonging to each cluster classification, realize the division of sound functional areas, urban area, the method comprises the following steps:
A, use morphological image method that city is divided into multiple subregion to road network picture.
Wherein the road network picture of steps A is generated by existing urban road vector data.Use morphological image method that city is divided into multiple subregion to road network picture and mainly comprise the following steps: graphics expansion is carried out to road network picture, merge the parallel discreet region such as two-way road, crossing; Refinement is carried out to the road network expanded, obtains the road network of single-point link; Identify road junction and obtained the section connecting each point of crossing by boundary tracking; Mark the region of each connection, and identify the road-net node that connected region is closed on and section broken line, sequential concatenation obtains each region contour.
In morphological image processing procedure, according to main roads and ordinary road, secondary division is carried out to city.First carry out Region dividing according to main roads, then carry out secondary division according to the ordinary road dividing the intra-zone obtained, obtain each sub regions.The subregion set that note divides is R, and the subregion number obtained is that the i-th sub regions in N, R is designated as r i, i≤N.
B, using the proportion of point of interest classification in each region as region description parameter, then cluster is screened to region description parameter and obtains different region clustering classifications.
Wherein in step B, the proportion of each point of interest classification in each region is called subregion accounting, region r ithe number occupied area territory r of interior a certain point of interest classification ithe ratio of interior point of interest total number is subregion accounting, is designated as d j,i, formula as shown in the formula:
d j , i = n j , i Σ j = 1 M n j , i
Wherein, c jfor jth kind point of interest classification, M is point of interest class number, M=21, n j,ifor region r iin c jthe number of class point of interest.
In region description choice of parameters, arranging two indices and screen region description parameter, is region description parameter related coefficient and point of interest category regions density respectively.Correlativity screening threshold value R is set t, for positive correlation higher than this threshold value and the identical point of interest classification of sound functional requirement, do merging treatment; Setting area density screening threshold values E t, for the classification lower than threshold values, think that it cannot be used for describing region, give up.
Use clustering method according to the region description parameter after screening, cluster analysis is carried out to region, obtains K kind cluster areas classification, be designated as CC respectively 1, CC 2..., CC k.
C, require harmony Environmental Factors according to the acoustic environment functional areas of each point of interest classification, realize the sound function zoning of each region clustering classification, then sound function zoning is carried out to roadside region.
The sound functional areas type set that cluster is demarcated is 1 class sound functional areas, 2 class sound functional areas, 3 class sound functional areas and without obvious sound functional requirement region, is designated as S respectively 1, S 2, S 3, S none, the sound functional areas category set that note divides is SC.
According to the social activities type of each point of interest classification, determine the sound functional areas requirement that each point of interest classification is corresponding, the sound functional areas of note jth class point of interest classification require as SR j; According to the attribute such as service function, land used region, service group of all kinds of point of interest, determine the sound functional areas factor of influence of each point of interest classification, the sound functional areas factor of influence of note jth kind point of interest classification is A j.
The a certain sound functional areas of note cluster classification cc require that the ratio of S is W s, cc, formula as shown in the formula:
W S , cc = Σ j = 1 M ′ A j d j , cc ( SR j ∈ S ) Σ j = 1 M ′ A j d j , cc
Wherein, A jrepresent the sound functional areas factor of influence of jth kind point of interest classification; d j, ccrepresent a jth characterising parameter of cluster classification cc central point; SR jrepresent the sound functional areas requirement of jth kind point of interest classification; S is the sound functional areas classification of a certain division.
The present invention arranges 1 class sound functional areas, 3 class sound functional areas and the division threshold value without obvious sound functional requirement region, is designated as W respectively 1, W 3, W none.To each cluster classification, will more than W 1be labeled as 1 class sound functional areas, will more than W 3be labeled as 3 class sound functional areas, then will more than W nonebe labeled as without obvious sound functional requirement region, remaining area is labeled as 2 class sound functional areas.
The dividing mode of 4 class sound functional areas is 4 class sound functional areas by the Region dividing of extension distance certain outside main line of communication boundary line.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect is:
One be the data that division methods adopts is road net data and the interest point datas of magnanimity in city, road net data is used for the division of urban area, interest point data is used for the demarcation of acoustic environment functional areas, each region, city.These are data from Internet map, and obtain and use conveniently, renewal speed is fast, make each city domestic can carry out the research of sound function zoning fast.
Two is the method achieve careful acoustic environment function zoning.Use the road net data that city is careful, careful division can be carried out in urban area, the region of different society Activity Type is kept apart as far as possible, careful sound function zoning can be realized.And contribute to promoting the rationality to the noise level limit of regional, for Data support is passed through in noise circumstance assessment.
Three be the method basic data there is real-time, the result of division has shown the sound functional requirement when lower area, and it is fast to divide speed, divides the update cycle short, so division result is applicable to the current noise evaluation in city.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sound function zoning method flow schematic diagram that the present invention is based on road network and point of interest.
Fig. 2 is the Region dividing process schematic that the present invention is based on road network picture.Fig. 2 (a) is road network tile schematic diagram, Fig. 2 (b) is road network expansion schematic diagram, Fig. 2 (c) is road network refinement schematic diagram, Fig. 2 (d) is road-net node and section schematic diagram, Fig. 2 (e) is mark connection district schematic diagram, and Fig. 2 (f) is each region contour schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the acoustic environment function zoning method that the present invention is based on road network and point of interest, and see Fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
A, use morphological image method that city is divided into multiple subregion to road network picture.
Wherein road network picture is generated by existing urban road vector data.Use morphological image method that city is divided into multiple subregion to road network picture and mainly comprise the following steps: road-net node and section identified and extracts, then constructing each region contour by road-net node and section.Key step is: arrange map parameter, and download and splicing obtain survey region road network picture; Morphological image expansion is carried out to road network picture, merges the parallel discreet region such as two-way road, crossing; Refinement is carried out to the road network expanded, obtains the road network that single-point connects; Identify road junction and obtained the section connecting each point of crossing by boundary tracking method; The region of each connection is marked; Identify the road-net node that connected region is closed on and section broken line, sequential concatenation obtains each region contour.
In morphological image processing procedure, conversion parameter, the number of times of main roads and ordinary road are different to the careful degree divided with it, first carry out Region dividing according to main roads, then carry out secondary division according to the ordinary road dividing the intra-zone obtained, obtain each sub regions.The subregion set that note divides is R, and the number of regions obtained is that the i-th sub regions in N, R is designated as r i, i≤N.
B, using the proportion of point of interest classification in each region as region description parameter, then cluster is screened to region description parameter and obtains different region clustering classifications.
Wherein region r ithe number occupied area territory r of interior a certain point of interest classification ithe proportion of interior point of interest total number is called subregion accounting, is designated as d j,i, formula as shown in the formula:
d j , i = n j , i Σ j = 1 M n j , i
Wherein, c jfor jth kind point of interest classification of the present invention, point of interest class number M=21, n j,ifor region r iin c jthe number of class point of interest.
By d 1, i, d 2, i..., d m,ias region r iregion description parameter, be designated as F i, F i=(d 1, i, d 2, i..., d m,i).In note R, the subregion accounting set of the jth class point of interest of all subregions is D j, D j=(d j, 1, d j, 2..., d j,N).
In region description choice of parameters, arranging two indices and screen region description parameter, is region description parameter related coefficient and point of interest category regions density respectively.
First consider the related coefficient between two of regional characterising parameter, can obtain correlation matrix RE, RE is the symmetric matrix on M rank.For an element re of RE pq, represent D pand D qrelated coefficient, formula as shown in the formula:
re p , q = Cov ( D p , D q ) Var ( D p ) Var ( D q )
re p，q＝re q，p
In formula: Cov (D p, D q) represent D pand D qcovariance; Var (D p) represent D pvariance; Var (D q) represent D qvariance.
Then consider the areal concentration of point of interest classification, describe all kinds of point of interest with the total number of jth class point of interest in survey region divided by the number of subregion and be evenly distributed density at all subregion, use e jrepresent, formula as shown in the formula:
e j = Σ i = 1 N n j , i N
After the areal concentration of the related coefficient between two and each point of interest classification that obtain region parameter, according to following principle screening areas characterising parameter: arrange correlativity screening threshold value R t, for positive correlation higher than this threshold value and the identical point of interest classification of sound functional requirement, do merging treatment; Setting area density screening threshold values E t, for the classification lower than threshold values, think that it cannot be used for describing region, give up.
Forming new point of interest classification through screening is c' 1, c' 2..., c' m', M' classification altogether.To region r irecalculate the point of interest number n' of M' classification j,iwith distribution density d' j,i, j≤M'.By d' 1, i, d' 2, i..., d' m', ias region r iregion description parameter, be designated as F' i.Use clustering method according to the region description parameter after screening, cluster analysis is carried out to region, obtains K kind cluster areas classification, be designated as CC respectively 1, CC 2..., CC k.
C, require function of harmony district factor of influence according to the acoustic environment functional areas of each point of interest classification, realize the sound function zoning of each region clustering classification, then sound function zoning is carried out to roadside region.
The present invention uses point of interest to carry out the division of 0-3 class sound functional areas.0 class sound functional areas distribute less in city, and acoustic environment requires harsh, and many cities are carried out the timesharing of sound function zoning and do not arranged this classification.Fraction point of interest classification such as place name, road equipment etc. do not indicate specific mankind's activity, if this kind of point of interest ratio is large in region, shows that the faint or region of the mankind's activity in this region is not yet developed, are set to without obvious sound functional requirement region.So the sound functional areas type set that cluster is demarcated is 1 class sound functional areas, 2 class sound functional areas, 3 class sound functional areas and without obvious sound functional requirement region, be designated as S respectively 1, S 2, S 3, S none, the sound functional areas category set that note divides is SC.
According to the social activities type of each point of interest classification, determine the sound functional areas requirement that each point of interest classification is corresponding, the sound functional areas of note jth class point of interest classification require as SR j; According to the attribute such as service function, land used region, service group of all kinds of point of interest, determine the sound functional areas factor of influence of each point of interest classification, the sound functional areas factor of influence of note jth kind point of interest classification is A j.The a certain sound functional areas of note cluster classification cc require that the ratio of S is W s, cc, formula as shown in the formula:
W S , cc = Σ j = 1 M ′ A j d j , cc ( SR j ∈ S ) Σ j = 1 M ′ A j d j , cc
Wherein, A jrepresent the sound functional areas factor of influence of jth kind point of interest classification; d j, ccrepresent a jth characterising parameter of cluster classification cc central point; SR jrepresent the sound functional areas requirement of jth kind point of interest classification; S is the sound functional areas classification of a certain division.
The present invention arranges 1 class sound functional areas, 3 class sound functional areas and the division threshold value without obvious sound functional requirement region, is designated as W respectively 1, W 3, W none.To each cluster classification, will more than W 1be labeled as 1 class sound functional areas, will more than W 3be labeled as 3 class sound functional areas, then will more than W nonebe labeled as without obvious sound functional requirement region, remaining area is labeled as 2 class sound functional areas.
The dividing mode of 4 class sound functional areas is 4 class sound functional areas by the Region dividing of extension distance certain outside main line of communication boundary line.When the main line of communication closes on 1 class sound functional areas, extension distance is 50 ± 5m; Extension distance 35 ± 5m when closing on 2 class sound functional areas; Extension distance 20 ± 5m when closing on 3 class sound functional areas.The line style of the main line of communication obtains when Region dividing, in conjunction with the 1-3 class sound functional areas that the present invention has obtained, arranges extension distance, carries out 4 class sound function zonings.
Above-described embodiments of the present invention, do not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Any amendment done within spiritual principles of the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the acoustic environment function zoning method based on road network and point of interest, it is characterized in that, road network is used to divide urban area, according to the sound environment quality requirement of point of interest classification each in region, cluster analysis is carried out to point of interest in each region, and demarcate sound functional areas belonging to each cluster classification, realize the division of sound functional areas, urban area.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
A, use morphological image method that city is divided into multiple subregion to road network picture;
B, using the proportion of each point of interest classification in region as region description parameter, then cluster is screened to region description parameter and obtains different region clustering classifications;
C, require harmony Environmental Factors according to the acoustic environment functional areas of each point of interest classification, realize the sound function zoning of each region clustering classification, then sound function zoning is carried out to roadside region.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, road network picture in steps A is generated by existing urban road vector data, use morphological image method that city is divided into multiple subregion to road network picture, mainly comprise the following steps: graphics expansion is carried out to road network picture, merge discreet region; Refinement is carried out to the road network expanded, obtains the road network of single-point link; Identify road junction and obtained the section connecting each point of crossing by boundary tracking; Mark the region of each connection, and identify the road-net node that connected region is closed on and section broken line, sequential concatenation obtains each region contour.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, in morphological image processing procedure, according to main roads and ordinary road, secondary division is carried out to city, first carry out Region dividing according to main roads, then carry out secondary division according to the ordinary road dividing the intra-zone obtained, obtain each sub regions; The subregion set that note divides is R, and the subregion number obtained is that the i-th sub regions in N, R is designated as r i, i ￡ N.
5. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the proportion of each point of interest classification in region in step B, is called subregion accounting, region r ithe number occupied area territory r of interior a certain point of interest classification ithe ratio of interior point of interest total number is subregion accounting, is designated as d j,i, formula as shown in the formula:
d j , i = n j , i Σ j = 1 M n j , i
Wherein, c jfor jth kind point of interest classification, M is point of interest class number, n j,ifor region r iin c jthe number of class point of interest.
6. the method as described in claim 2 or 5, it is characterized in that the region description choice of parameters in step B arranges two indices and screens region description parameter, be region description parameter related coefficient and point of interest category regions density respectively, correlativity screening threshold value R is set t, for positive correlation higher than this threshold value and the identical point of interest classification of sound functional requirement, do merging treatment; Setting area density screening threshold values E t, for the classification lower than threshold values, think that it cannot be used for describing region, give up.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the cluster process in step B, uses clustering method to carry out cluster analysis according to the region description parameter after screening to region, obtains K kind cluster areas classification, be designated as CC respectively 1, CC 2..., CC k.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, roadside region sound function zoning in step C, dividing mode is, be 4 class sound functional areas by the Region dividing of extension distance certain outside main line of communication boundary line, sound functional areas classification comprises 1 class sound functional areas, 2 class sound functional areas, 3 class sound functional areas and without obvious sound functional requirement region, is designated as S respectively 1, S 2, S 3, S none, the sound functional areas category set that note divides is SC.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the acoustic environment functional areas of each point of interest classification in step C require harmony Environmental Factors, according to the social activities type of each point of interest classification, determine the sound functional areas requirement that each point of interest classification is corresponding, the sound functional areas of note jth class point of interest classification require as SR j; According to the attribute of all kinds of point of interest, determine the sound functional areas factor of influence of each point of interest classification, the sound functional areas factor of influence of note jth kind point of interest classification is A j.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, in step C, use sound functional areas require that ratio demarcates sound functional areas belonging to each cluster classification, and a certain sound functional areas of note cluster classification cc require that the ratio of S is W s, cc, formula as shown in the formula:
W S , cc = Σ j = 1 M ′ A j d j , cc ( SR j ∈ S ) Σ j = 1 M ′ A j d j , cc
Wherein, A jrepresent the sound functional areas factor of influence of jth kind point of interest classification; d j, ccrepresent a jth characterising parameter of cluster classification cc central point; It is the sound functional areas requirement representing jth kind point of interest classification; S is the sound functional areas classification of a certain division;
1 class sound functional areas, 3 class sound functional areas and the division threshold value without obvious sound functional requirement region are set, are designated as W respectively 1, W 3, W none, to each cluster classification, will more than W 1be labeled as 1 class sound functional areas, will more than W 3be labeled as 3 class sound functional areas, then will more than W nonebe labeled as without obvious sound functional requirement region, remaining area is labeled as 2 class sound functional areas.
CN201510100569.XA 2015-03-06 2015-03-06 Acoustic environment functional area partitioning method based on road network and interest points Pending CN104834666A (en)

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