CN104820760A - Method for designing intramedullary nails based on optimized curvature - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing intramedullary nails based on optimized curvature, which comprises the steps that 1 the method uses unilateral femoral samples, the unilateral femoral samples are divide into groups according to genders and metaphysic flicker factors, and a femoral surface model us built; 2 the femoral surface model is divided into a left and a right parts through a sagittal plane which passes through the center of a femoral medulary cavity, a coordinate system is built on the sagittal plane, and a center line of the femoral medulary cavity is fit; 3 a key point which represents curvature change of the center line of the femoral medulary cavity is found, and a curvature function of the center line of the femoral medulary cavity is fit by utilizing the key point; and 4 the curvatures of the intramedullary nails are designed according to the curvature function of the center line of the femoral medulary cavity, a stress test during the insertion process of the intramedullary nails is simulated through a virtual surgery simultaneously, the curvature of a part of the key point is finely tuned, and intramedullary nails which accord with various groups in the step 1 are designed at last. The method for designing the intramedullary nails based on optimized curvature supplies a scientific basis for bending degrees of various positions of the intramedullary nails in the field of computer-assisted orthopaedic surgeries, and has important significance for improving design quality of the intramedullary nails and reducing design time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digital orthopaedic technique, being specifically related to a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature, the invention belongs to field of computer aided design.
Background technology
Femur is the maximum long bone of human body, is arranged in human body lower limbs thigh, carries human body the first half all wt, and near-end participates in composition hip joint connection basin bone, and far-end participates in composition knee joint and connects calf shank.But the phenomenon such as Diaphysial disease, fracture occurs often.Along with the combination of computer-aided design (CAD), three-dimensional reconstruction, Medical Imaging Technology and Medical Image Processing, CAOS progressively grows up, and clinical treatment mostly is in patient femur, uses intramedullary nail strong fixing to obtain.But current intramedullary nail is implanted its initial stage rear and is stablized with biology fixed effect thereafter undesirable, phenomenons such as often loosening, sink, rotate and subside.Finite element analysis shows, intramedullary nail and femur metaphyseal mate for whole matching effect very crucial.The transmission of load forces can be made more to meet psychological need in the intact coupling of dry marrow end, avoid the problems such as the implant caused because interface between implant and bone produces tangential motion loosens, and minimizing stress shielding, stress are concentrated.Reduce stress-shielding effect and other are unfavorable for the factor of bone uptake simultaneously.Therefore, the research carrying out implant design in conjunction with computer technology has important theory significance and clinical value widely, receives the extensive concern of domestic and international researcher.
At present, the intramedullary nail of domestic use mostly is import or copies external, but, experimental result about human femur parameter measurement between east and west shows the difference of not agnate femur morphological parameters and widely different between men and women, especially the significant difference of near end of thighbone anatomic form cause the implant of import and state's human femur matching poor.In clinical operation process, doctor needs constantly to contrast implant, moulding (bending cutting etc.), and not only operating time is long, weak effect, and adds the pain degree of patient.In addition, the material of implant own shows that cold moulding shape can change material inner structure, reduces material capability.Femoral bone cavitas medullaris is an irregular taper tube chamber, femoral bone cavitas medullaris wall is irregular free form surface, and near end of thighbone from the close-by examples to those far off, the major axis of tomography is outward turning trend, the existence of this distortion angle certainly will cause occurring rotating in expansion marrow and implant installation course, cause the change of top rake, the many comparatively femoral bone cavitas medullaris of existing market intramedullary nail are straight in addition, and it is very difficult for causing making implant and femoral bone cavitas medullaris mate completely during clinical operation.Therefore, for making more intact the mating of intramedullary nail and femoral bone cavitas medullaris, need to produce implant according to compatriots' femoral bone cavitas medullaris morphological parameters.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Based on the intramedullary nail method for designing optimizing curvature, comprise the steps:
Step one: gather femur CT image pattern and divided into groups according to sex and metaphysis flicker factor, setting up femoral curvatures model simultaneously;
The collection of step 1a: femur CT image pattern and grouping, randomly draw normal one-sided (left and right leg is random) the femur CT scan data of (without osteopathy history) compatriots of n example and divide into groups according to sex and metaphysis flicker factor;
According to sex and metaphysis flicker factor, grouping is carried out to femur sample and refer to that elder generation is divided into men and women's group according to sex, then respectively femur form is divided three classes according to the ratio of T+20/T+20 by men and women's group: 1.8-2.0 is a class, 2.0-2.8 is a class, and 2.8-3.0 is a class.
Step 1b: set up femoral curvatures model, first adopts manual segmentation and auto Segmentation to be combined and realizes femur segmentation (comprising surface level, coronal-plane, sagittal operation), then adopt simplify of arithmetic and level and smooth femoral curvatures.
Step 2: select the sagittal plane through femoral bone cavitas medullaris center that femur model is divided into left and right two parts, and set up coordinate system in sagittal plane, matching femoral medullary cavity center line;
Step 2a: determine the sagittal plane by femoral bone cavitas medullaris center, femur is divided into left and right two parts by this sagittal plane, and femoral medullary cavity center line is positioned in sagittal plane;
Step 2b: set up coordinate system in sagittal plane; It is with dry epiphysis width line segment central point for true origin O that sagittal plane is set up coordinate system, to point to the direction of DF in sagittal plane for X-direction, so that sagittal plane to point to the direction of facies posterior femoris for Y direction perpendicular to X-axis.
Step 2c: matching femoral medullary cavity center line, draws up the curve closing the femoral bone cavitas medullaris center of reflection near end of thighbone lesser trochanter between 20mm place to DF kneecap face.
Step 3: the key point finding reflection femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying, utilizes key point to simulate femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function;
Step 3a: the waypoint of initialization femoral medullary cavity center line, is divided into 16 sections to the first preliminary unique step of femoral bone cavitas medullaris center curve, and the lower each waypoint position of mark;
According to comparing of the curvature of each waypoint and the curvature threshold set, step 3b: find key point by constantly adjusting waypoint, differentiates whether each segmentation is carried out merging or unique step splits, and the point retained during termination is found key point;
Adjustment waypoint is found key point and is referred to the numerical value each segmentation being calculated to Δ y/ Δ x.Set a classification thresholds, then consider when Dy/Dx is less than given classification thresholds this segmentation and immediate section of adjacent sectional mean curvature to merge into one section; Otherwise, then consider when Δ y/ Δ x is greater than given classification thresholds to continue this segmentation one to be divided into two sections.Meanwhile, proceed to calculate Δ y/ Δ x to two segmentations newly obtained, constantly repeat above step until stop.
Step 3c: set up femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function, sets up out femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function according to the key point found in step 3b.Femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function reflection femoral bone cavitas medullaris Curvature varying, is made up of discrete point, is designated as Y (X).
Step 4: according to femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function design intramedullary nail curvature, the stress test simultaneously in virtual surgery simulation intramedullary nail insertion process, fine setting part key point place curvature, final design goes out and each intramedullary nail conformed to that divides into groups in step one.
Step 4a: according to the femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function set up in step 3c, designs the intramedullary nail be consistent with femoral bone cavitas medullaris curvature;
Step 4b: virtual surgery simulation intramedullary nail inserts the process of ossis, and carry out stress test and finely tune part key point place curvature, final design goes out and each intramedullary nail conformed to that divides into groups in step 1a.
Usefulness of the present invention is: based on optimizing the intramedullary nail method for designing of curvature, is applied to Medical orthopaedic operation and manufactures field with medical devices, for the design of intramedullary nail provides scientific basis, to improve implant design efficiency and surgical quality significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is femur sample metaphysis flicker factor distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is femur sample packet schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 chooses reflection femoral bone cavitas medullaris change curvature range schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 sets up femur Curvature varying function schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 readjusts femur curvature according to virtual operation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, concrete introduction is done to the present invention.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature, comprises the steps:
Step one: gather femur CT image pattern and divided into groups according to sex and metaphysis flicker factor, setting up femoral curvatures model simultaneously;
The collection of step 1a: femur CT image pattern and grouping, randomly draw normal one-sided (left and right leg is random) the femur CT scan data of (without osteopathy history) compatriots of n example and divide into groups according to sex and metaphysis flicker factor;
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, describedly according to sex and metaphysis flicker factor, grouping is carried out to femur sample and refer to and be first divided into men and women's group according to sex, then respectively femur form is divided three classes according to the ratio of T+20/T+20 by men and women's group: 1.8-2.0 is a class, 2.0-2.8 is a class, and 2.8-3.0 is a class.
Step 1b: set up femoral curvatures model, first adopts manual segmentation and auto Segmentation to be combined and realizes femur segmentation (comprising surface level, coronal-plane, sagittal operation), then adopt simplify of arithmetic and level and smooth femoral curvatures.
Step 2: select the sagittal plane through femoral bone cavitas medullaris center that femur model is divided into left and right two parts, and set up coordinate system in sagittal plane, matching femoral medullary cavity center line;
Step 2a: determine the sagittal plane by femoral bone cavitas medullaris center, femur is divided into left and right two parts by this sagittal plane, and femoral medullary cavity center line is positioned in sagittal plane;
Step 2b: set up coordinate system in sagittal plane; Shown in Fig. 5 (a), it is for true origin O with dry epiphysis width line segment central point that sagittal plane is set up coordinate system, to point to the direction of DF in sagittal plane for X-direction, so that sagittal plane to point to the direction of facies posterior femoris for Y direction perpendicular to X-axis.
Step 2c: with reference to shown in Fig. 4, matching femoral medullary cavity center line, draws up the curve closing the femoral bone cavitas medullaris center of reflection near end of thighbone lesser trochanter between 20mm place to DF kneecap face.
Step 3: the key point finding reflection femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying, utilizes key point to simulate femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function;
Step 3a: shown in Fig. 5 (b), the waypoint of initialization femoral medullary cavity center line, is divided into 16 sections to the first preliminary unique step of femoral bone cavitas medullaris center curve, and the lower each waypoint position of mark;
According to comparing of the curvature of each waypoint and the curvature threshold set, step 3b: find key point by constantly adjusting waypoint, differentiates whether each segmentation is carried out merging or unique step splits, and the point retained during termination is found key point;
Shown in Fig. 5 (c), adjustment waypoint is found key point and is referred to the numerical value each segmentation being calculated to Δ y/ Δ x.Set a classification thresholds, then consider when Δ y/ Δ x is less than given classification thresholds this segmentation and immediate section of adjacent sectional mean curvature to merge into one section; Otherwise, then consider when Δ y/ Δ x is greater than given classification thresholds to continue this segmentation one to be divided into two sections.Meanwhile, proceed to calculate Δ y/ Δ x to two segmentations newly obtained, constantly repeat above step until stop.
Step 3c: set up femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function, sets up out femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function according to the key point found in step 3b.
Shown in Fig. 5 (d), femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function reflection femoral bone cavitas medullaris Curvature varying, is made up of discrete point, is designated as Y (X).
Step 4: according to femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function design intramedullary nail curvature, the stress test simultaneously in virtual surgery simulation intramedullary nail insertion process, fine setting part key point place curvature, final design goes out and each intramedullary nail conformed to that divides into groups in step one.
Step 4a: shown in Fig. 6 (a), according to the femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function set up in step 3c, designs the intramedullary nail be consistent with femoral bone cavitas medullaris curvature;
Step 4b: shown in Fig. 6 (b), (c), virtual surgery simulation intramedullary nail inserts the process of ossis, and carry out stress test and finely tune part key point place curvature, final design goes out and each intramedullary nail conformed to that divides into groups in step 1a.
What the present invention did not further illustrate is prior art.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and distortion, these improve and distortion also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1., based on the intramedullary nail method for designing optimizing curvature, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step one: gather femur CT image pattern and divided into groups according to sex and metaphysis flicker factor, setting up femoral curvatures model simultaneously;
Step 2: select the sagittal plane through femoral bone cavitas medullaris center that femur model is divided into left and right two parts, and set up coordinate system in sagittal plane, matching femoral medullary cavity center line;
Step 3: the key point finding reflection femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying, utilizes key point to simulate femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function;
Step 4: according to femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function design intramedullary nail curvature, the stress test simultaneously in virtual surgery simulation intramedullary nail insertion process, fine setting part key point place curvature, final design goes out and each intramedullary nail conformed to that divides into groups in step one.
2. a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step one comprises:
The collection of step 1a: femur CT image pattern and grouping, randomly draw n example Normal one-sided femur CT scan data and divide into groups according to sex and metaphysis flicker factor;
Step 1b: set up femoral curvatures model, first adopts manual segmentation and auto Segmentation to be combined and realizes femur segmentation, streamline any further and level and smooth femoral curvatures.
3. a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2 comprises:
Step 2a: determine the sagittal plane by femoral bone cavitas medullaris center, femur is divided into left and right two parts by this sagittal plane, and femoral medullary cavity center line is positioned in sagittal plane;
Step 2b: set up coordinate system in sagittal plane;
Step 2c: matching femoral medullary cavity center line, draws up the curve closing the femoral bone cavitas medullaris center of reflection near end of thighbone lesser trochanter between 20mm place to DF kneecap face.
4. a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 3 comprises:
Step 3a: the waypoint of initialization femoral medullary cavity center line, is divided into 16 sections to the first preliminary unique step of femoral bone cavitas medullaris center curve, and the lower each waypoint position of mark;
According to comparing of the curvature of each waypoint and the curvature threshold set, step 3b: find key point by constantly adjusting waypoint, differentiates whether each segmentation is carried out merging or unique step splits, and the point retained during termination is found key point;
Step 3c: set up femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function, sets up out femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function according to the key point found in step 3b.
5. a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 4 comprises:
Step 4a: according to the femoral medullary cavity center line curvature function set up in step 3c, designs the intramedullary nail be consistent with femoral bone cavitas medullaris curvature;
Step 4b: virtual surgery simulation intramedullary nail inserts the process of ossis, and carry out stress test and finely tune part key point place curvature, final design goes out and each intramedullary nail conformed to that divides into groups in step 1a.
6. a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described step 1a, describedly according to sex and metaphysis flicker factor, grouping is carried out to femur sample and refer to and be first divided into men and women's group according to sex, then respectively femur form is divided three classes according to the ratio of T+20/T+20 by men and women's group: 1.8-2.0 is a class, 2.0-2.8 is a class, and 2.8-3.0 is a class.
7. a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in described step 2b, it is for true origin O with dry epiphysis width line segment central point that sagittal plane is set up coordinate system, to point to the direction of DF in sagittal plane for X-direction, so that sagittal plane to point to the direction of facies posterior femoris for Y direction perpendicular to X-axis.
8. a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described step 3b, adjustment waypoint is found key point and referred to the numerical value each segmentation being calculated to Δ y/ Δ x; Set a classification thresholds, then consider when Δ y/ Δ x is less than given classification thresholds this segmentation and immediate section of adjacent sectional mean curvature to merge into one section; Otherwise, then consider when Δ y/ Δ x is greater than given classification thresholds to continue this segmentation one to be divided into two sections, meanwhile, proceed to calculate Δ y/ Δ x to two segmentations newly obtained, constantly repeat above step until stop.
9. a kind of intramedullary nail method for designing based on optimizing curvature according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described step 3c, femoral medullary cavity center line Curvature varying function reflection femoral bone cavitas medullaris Curvature varying, is made up of discrete point, is designated as Y (X).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113850810A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-28 | 杭州柳叶刀机器人有限公司 | Method and surgical system for correcting femur, storage medium, and electronic device |
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