CN104808058B - A kind of measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase - Google Patents
A kind of measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase Download PDFInfo
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- CN104808058B CN104808058B CN201410036898.8A CN201410036898A CN104808058B CN 104808058 B CN104808058 B CN 104808058B CN 201410036898 A CN201410036898 A CN 201410036898A CN 104808058 B CN104808058 B CN 104808058B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, integrator is initialized first, integrator output voltage is set to return to zero, analog integration is carried out according to the integration time started being calculated, the record integration time started, stop integration, record integration end time when integrator output voltage turns again to zero, by integrating the time started and integrating the zero crossing of end time calculating electric signal, the cycle of electric signal is calculated by the zero crossing of series of electrical signals；Finally according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period electric signal, the cycle of the current cycle of prediction and current time, current instantaneous phase is calculated.The present invention need not convert the electrical signal to square wave, the shortcomings that overcoming poor anti jamming capability, the measurement of especially suitable alternating current, and system detectio is convenient, and hardware spending is small；Advantages of simple is implemented simultaneously, and data are accurate, reliable；Precision, anti-interference in measurement etc. are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, the instantaneous phase of low frequency sinusoidal signal is also applied for
Position measurement.
Background technology
Usually need to measure the instantaneous phase of electric signal in daily life, production process, the instantaneous phase of measurement is more accurate
Really, the effect of application is often more preferable.It is most of that certain is measured using zero traditional friendship method in existing method for measuring instantaneous phase
The instantaneous phase of signal all the way, this algorithm are easily achieved, but the influence being easily interfered so that the precision of measurement compared with
It is low.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be for electric signal in the prior art instantaneous phase measurement accuracy it is inadequate
Accurately, it is proposed that a kind of measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, for zero more traditional friendship method, precision in measurement,
The inventions such as anti-interference are greatly improved.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, comprises the following steps：
Step 1), the zero crossing time series T after at least two cycles cross negative peak is obtained in analog or digital methodz1,
Tz2,…,Tzk, k is the natural number more than 1；
Step 2）, it is determined that the starting point time T for calculating for the i-th zero crossing timesi, its calculation formula is Tsi=
Tz(i-1)+ T × f, wherein：T is according to zero crossing Tz(i-1),Tz(i-2)..., Tz(i-k)The average period being calculated, parameter f ∈
(0.5,1), i are natural number and i>k；
Step 3）, initialization integrator makes integrator output voltage return to zero, in starting point time TsiStart to simulate
Integration；
Step 4）, terminate to integrate when integrator output voltage turns again to zero, record integration end time Tei；
Step 5）, calculated for the i-th zero crossing time：
Step 6）, repeat step 2）To step 5）Obtain i+1 zero crossing time Tz(i+1), then cycle of tested electric signals
It is expressed as：Tpi=Tz(i+1)-Tzi, therefore obtain tested electric signals cycle be followed successively by Tp1,Tp2,Tp3,......Tp(n-1), n is big
In 1 natural number；
Step 7）, according to step 6）The periodic sequence of the tested electric signals of acquisition, the prediction current cycle of tested electric signals
Cycle Tp；
Step 8）, according to the time of the zero crossing of the previous period tested electric signals close to current time, step 7）In advance
The cycle of the current cycle of tested electric signals of survey and current time, are calculated the current instantaneous phase of tested electric signals.
As the prioritization scheme of the measuring method, the analog integration be using common operational amplifier or other
Device with integrating function is realized.
As the prioritization scheme of the measuring method, the step 7）Comprise the following steps that：
According to step 6）The cycle of several cycles is followed successively by T before the tested electric signals being calculatedp(k-3),Tp(k-2),
Tp(k-1),TpkThe cycle T of the current cycle of predictionpFor：Tp=K1×Tpk+K2×Tp(k-1)+K3×Tp(k-2)+K4×Tp(k-3)；Wherein,
K1,K2,K3,K4For arbitrary constant, but condition K must be met1+K2+K3+K4=1, k are the positive integer more than 3.
As the further prioritization scheme of the measuring method, the step 8）Comprise the following steps that：If tested telecommunications
Number time of previous period zero crossing be Tz, current time Tc, by step 7）Predict that obtained tested electric signals are currently all
The cycle of ripple is Tp, then the current instantaneous phase of tested electric signals be expressed as with number of degrees value：Or with
Radian value is expressed as：
The present invention compared with prior art, has following technique effect using above technical scheme：
1）Traditional zero hands over two opposite continuity points of method symbolization to determine zero point and then determine the wink of electric signal
Shi Xiangwei is easily low by the interference of harmonic wave, measurement error etc., measurement accuracy although algorithm clear physics conception.It is only accurate
It is determined that position zero point, can just calculate accurate instantaneous phase.The characteristics of for most of electric signal being symmetrical, according to being calculated
The integration time started carry out analog integration, stop integration during analog integration output zero, terminated by integrating time started and integration
Time calculates the zero point of electric signal.After the zero crossing that signal is determined, the cycle of electric signal can be calculated.Before last basis
The time of the zero crossing of one period electric signal, the cycle of the current cycle of prediction and current time, are calculated current
Instantaneous phase.For zero more traditional friendship method, operand increased, but the precision, the anti-interference that measure have obtained very
Big raising.
2）For zero more traditional friendship method, the antijamming capability of system has a great raising, frequency measurement and instantaneous
The degree of accuracy of phase measurement also greatly improves.Even if experiment shows to be mixed into larger harmonic wave, white noise in electric signal, measurement
Accuracy is also very high.Possible interference source comes from Hz noise, but if if measurement object is alternating current, then power frequency
Interference also almost can be ignored.
3）This method is very convenient simple and direct when being calculated, and is adapted to use under embedded system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is some zero point progress analog integration in electric signal and calculates the schematic diagram of zero crossing；
Fig. 2 is after obtaining two zero crossings using traditional zero cross point comparing method, and the 3rd is obtained using methods described herein
The schematic diagram of individual zero crossing；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for calculating the electric signal cycle；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for calculating some point instantaneous phase on signal.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
The method of the present invention is to initialize integrator first, integrator output voltage is returned to zero, according to what is be calculated
Time started progress analog integration is integrated, the record integration time started, stops product when integrator output voltage turns again to zero
Point, stop integration, record integration end time, by integrating time started and integration when integrator output voltage turns again to zero
End time calculates the zero crossing of electric signal, and the cycle of electric signal is calculated by the zero crossing of series of electrical signals.Afterwards according to previous
The time of the zero crossing of individual period electric signal, the cycle of the current cycle of prediction and current time, are calculated current wink
Shi Xiangwei.
To obtain more accurate measurement result, it is proposed that the Choice of beginning point be：Zero should not be got too close to
Point.
The features and advantages of the invention will be described in detail by example combination accompanying drawing.The principle of the present invention passes through measurement
Some instantaneous phase put illustrates on signal.
The specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows：
1st, the zero crossing time series T after at least two cycles cross negative peak is obtained in analog or digital methodz1,Tz2,
Tz3...；
2nd, the starting point time T for calculating for the i-th zero crossing time is determinedsi, its calculation formula is Tsi=Tz(i-1)+T
× f, wherein T are according to zero crossing Tz(i-1),Tz(i-2),Tz(i-3)... the average period being calculated, f ∈ (0.5,1)；
3rd, initialization integrator makes integrator output voltage return to zero, in starting point time TsiStart analog integration；
4th, terminate to integrate when integrator output voltage turns again to zero, record integration end time Tei；
5th, calculated for the i-th zero crossing time：If the integration time started is Tsi, the integration end time is Tei；When integrating beginning
Between integration the end time between a zero crossing be present, the zero crossing time is expressed as：
6th, concrete operations may refer to Fig. 1, and Fig. 1 is divided into two parts up and down, and upper part is tested electric signals（Abscissa T
For the time, ordinate voltage is tested electric signals voltage）, lower part is the integrated waveform to measured signal.T in figuresiIt is
Integrate time started, TeiIt is to integrate end time, TziIt is the zero crossing by being calculated.TsiIt is that the integration being calculated is opened
Begin the time, its calculation formula is Tsi=Tz(i-1)+(Tz(i-1)-Tz(i-2)) ' 0.89, i.e. f=0.89, T=(Tz(i-1)-Tz(i-2)), recommend
Using T=(Tz(i-1)-Tz(i-3))/2.Can also be in the following way：When calculating the integration time started, to the mistake obtained before
Zero number is judged, if the zero crossing obtained before only has two, using T=(Tz(i-1)-Tz(i-2))；If obtain before
The zero crossing taken is more than two, using T=(Tz(i-1)-Tz(i-3))/2.Fig. 2 is obtained using traditional zero cross point comparing method
Two zero crossing TZ1、TZ2, by TZ1、TZ2Calculate and obtain TS3, afterwards in TS3Start once to integrate, in TE3Terminate integration, finally by
TS3、TE3T is calculatedZ3。
7th, obtain to carry out after several zero crossing times the calculating of signal period, the low frequency signal one in Fig. 3 co-exists in 3
Individual negative peak, therefore carried out 3 times altogether after negative peak appearance and integrated and calculate, the time is respectively T on trunnion axisz10、Tz11、
Tz12Stain be 3 zero crossings being calculated, because the cycle of measured signal is represented by：Tpi=Tz(i+1)-Tzi, therefore scheme
The signal period is represented by 3：Tp10=Tz11-Tz10、Tp11=Tz12-Tz11。
One of measurement electric signal instantaneous phase is on condition that obtain the cycle of current cycle, but do not tie in current cycle
Before beam, the cycle of current cycle can not also directly obtain, it is contemplated that the cycle of electric signal（Frequency）It will not typically occur drastically
Change, example of the invention employs a formula to predict the cycle T of current cyclep。
The formula is represented by：Tp=K1×Tpk+K2×Tp(k-1)+K3×Tp(k-2)+K4×Tp(k-3), when accompanying drawing is calculated
Employ K1=2,K2=-1,K3=K4=0。
8th, the calculating of instantaneous phase can be found in Fig. 4, calculating be point S on electric signal in Fig. 4 instantaneous phase, if in Fig. 4
Point S time of origin is Tc, the time of the zero crossing of the upper electric signal calculated is Tz, then point S instantaneous phase can
It is expressed asT thereinpIt is the cycle for the current cycle of electric signal that previous prediction obtains.The knot being calculated
Fruit is the phase value represented with the number of degrees.Utilize above computational methods, you can obtain the phase of arbitrfary point in cycle.
9th, analog integration can using common operational amplifier or other there is the device of integrating function to realize.
To obtain more accurate measurement result, it is proposed that the Choice of beginning point be：F should not get too close to 1,
If f close to can make it that the time of integration is too short, influences measurement accuracy if 1；On the contrary, when f can cause integration if 0.5
Between it is longer, so as to obtain more accurate measurement precision.
Traditional is disturbed with the zero crossing detection of level triggers by noise, it is impossible to the instantaneous phase of accurate measurement signal
, larger error be present in position；Traditional method that electric signal zero crossing is obtained using integration, this method are being measured without harmonic wave just
During string ripple signal frequency, precision is higher, but for the electric signal of harmonic wave be present, and integration starting point is affected by noise so as to leading
Causing measurement result, there is also certain error；Traditional digital frequency measuring method is influenceed by voltage measurement error, exists
Certain error.Method described herein can overcome the double influence of harmonic wave and noise in electric signal, obtain more accurate
Instantaneous phase measurement result.
In summary, the measuring method of a kind of electric signal instantaneous phase involved in the present invention, it is not necessary to turn electric signal
Change square wave into, the shortcomings that overcoming traditional zero-crossing examination poor anti jamming capability, be particularly suitable for the instantaneous phase of alternating current
Measurement, system detectio is convenient, and hardware spending is small；The antijamming capability of system is stronger；Implement advantages of simple, data are accurate,
Reliably；There is wide application prospect.Certainly, the present invention can also be applied to the instantaneous phase measurement of Low Frequency Sine Signals.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1), the zero crossing time series T after at least two cycles cross negative peak is obtained in analog or digital methodz1,
Tz2,…,Tzk, k is the natural number more than 1；
Step 2）, it is determined that the starting point time T for calculating for the i-th zero crossing timesi, its calculation formula is Tsi=Tz(i-1)+T
× f, wherein：T is according to zero crossing Tz(i-1),Tz(i-2),…,Tz(i-k)The average period being calculated, parameter f ∈ (0.5,1), i
For natural number and i>k；
Step 3）, initialization integrator makes integrator output voltage return to zero, in starting point time TsiStart analog integration；
Step 4）, terminate to integrate when integrator output voltage turns again to zero, record integration end time Tei；
Step 5）, calculated for the i-th zero crossing time：
Step 6）, repeat step 2）To step 5）Obtain i+1 zero crossing time Tz(i+1), then the cycle expression of tested electric signals
For：Tpi=Tz(i+1)-Tzi, therefore obtain tested electric signals cycle be followed successively by Tp1,Tp2,Tp3,......Tp(n-1), n is more than 1
Natural number；
Step 7）, according to step 6）The periodic sequence of the tested electric signals of acquisition, predict the cycle of the current cycle of tested electric signals
Tp；
Step 8）, according to the time of the zero crossing of the previous period tested electric signals close to current time, step 7）Prediction
The cycle of the current cycle of tested electric signals and current time, the current instantaneous phase of tested electric signals is calculated.
A kind of 2. measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The analog integration
Be using common operational amplifier or other there is the device of integrating function to realize.
A kind of 3. measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 7）'s
Comprise the following steps that：
According to step 6）The cycle of several cycles is followed successively by T before the tested electric signals being calculatedp(k-3),Tp(k-2),Tp(k-1),Tpk
The cycle T of the current cycle of predictionpFor：Tp=K1×Tpk+K2×Tp(k-1)+K3×Tp(k-2)+K4×Tp(k-3)；Wherein, K1,K2,K3,
K4For arbitrary constant, but condition K must be met1+K2+K3+K4=1, k are the positive integer more than 3.
A kind of 4. measuring method of electric signal instantaneous phase according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The step
Rapid 8）Comprise the following steps that：If the time of the previous period zero crossing of tested electric signals is Tz, current time Tc, by step
Rapid 7）The cycle for predicting the obtained current cycle of tested electric signals is Tp, then the current instantaneous phase of tested electric signals is with number of degrees value
It is expressed as：Or it is expressed as with radian value：
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1
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Application publication date: 20150729 Assignee: Zhangjiagang Institute of Zhangjiagang Assignor: NANJING University OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS Contract record no.: X2020980007094 Denomination of invention: A method of measuring instantaneous phase of electric signal Granted publication date: 20171212 License type: Common License Record date: 20201026 |