CN104794676B - A kind of anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security - Google Patents
A kind of anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security, the characteristics of this method combines zero watermarking and blind watermatking, Arnold scrambles are carried out to watermarking images, and according to DWT and dct transform, the characteristic vector of image is obtained in the low frequency region of original image, the information further according to watermark picture obtains key；In mid-frequency region, scramble number of times is embedded in for information about according to a kind of transform method of matrix.It is extractable watermark picture according to the picture and key after scanning.The application of zero watermarking ensure that the capacity of watermark and the stability of algorithm in this method, and the application of blind watermatking and scramble improves the confidentiality of watermark.The aqueous impression piece that this method is obtained is after using printer and scanner, and its index coefficient can effectively extract original watermark picture in satisfied scope, with practical value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security, belong to picture secrecy technology.
Background technology
Digital watermark technology is that present multimedia information security research field develops faster hot spot technology, from twentieth century
The early 1990s is developed so far, and is paid high attention to by domestic and international academia and business circles, and Digital Watermarking Theory and application are equal
Achieve large development.Anti printing and scanning digital watermark technology occurs with corresponding demand, and it can be applied to solve print
The copyright protections of brush product, origin authentication, the problems such as prevent from forging.Most research is concentrated mainly on DCT, the base of DFT transform
On plinth, the research of the DWT conversion of few existing main flows is not suitable with the demand of future network propagation, anti printing and scanning interference
Characteristic it is poor, the confidentiality of watermark also has much room for improvement.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：The problem of in order to overcome anti printing and scanning interference characteristic and poor confidentiality, the present invention provides a kind of
The anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security, this method has good confidentiality.
Technical scheme：To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security, zero water is used in the low frequency region of original picture
Print, the information related to scramble number of times is embedded in the mid-frequency region of original picture.
Further, the anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of a kind of strong security, is carried out to watermark picture
Arnold scrambles；DWT-DCT conversion is carried out to original picture, key is obtained with Zero watermarking method to the low frequency region after conversion；
Dct transform is carried out to original picture, carrying out matrixing to the mid-frequency region after conversion obtains the picture containing watermark, in matrixing
During the embedded information related to scramble number of times.
Further, the anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of a kind of strong security, watermark figure is carried out to original picture
Piece insertion process be：Arnold scrambles are carried out to watermark picture；DWT conversion is carried out to original picture and obtains low frequency subgraph, to low
Frequency subgraph carries out dct transform and Zigzag scannings, according to the positive and negative feature for obtaining low frequency subgraph of low frequency subgraph coefficient after processing
Vector, carries out step-by-step XOR by the watermark picture after characteristic vector and scramble, finally obtains key；Original picture is carried out
Matrixing is carried out after dct transform again, the positive and negative of intermediate frequency coefficient is changed according to the scramble number of times of Arnold scrambles, become through inverse DCT
The picture containing watermark is obtained after changing.
Further, the anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of a kind of strong security, is carried out to the picture containing watermark
Watermark picture extract process be：DWT conversion is carried out to the picture containing watermark and obtains low frequency subgraph, DCT is carried out to low frequency subgraph
Conversion and Zigzag scannings, according to the positive and negative characteristic vector for obtaining low frequency subgraph of low frequency subgraph coefficient after processing, by feature to
Amount and key carry out step-by-step XOR, finally obtain the watermark after scramble；Enter again after carrying out dct transform to the picture containing watermark
Row matrix convert, according to the scramble number of times of the positive and negative determination Arnold scrambles of intermediate frequency coefficient, with reference to scramble number of times to scramble after
Watermark is recovered, and finally obtains watermark picture.
Further, the anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of a kind of strong security, including water-filling is entered to original picture
Step and watermark picture extraction step is carried out to the picture containing watermark that impression piece is embedded in, it is specific as follows：
Watermark picture insertion is carried out to original picture：
(11) the two-value picture M of watermark picture is determined, scramble number of times s is determined；
(12) Arnold scrambles are carried out to M and obtains M1；
(13) the original picture progress DWT conversion to m × m obtains low frequency subgraph W, and DTC conversion is carried out to W and obtains matrix Z；
(14) Zigzag scannings are carried out to Z, obtains one-dimensional matrix P；
(15) P preceding n element is taken to form one-dimensional matrix Q, Q i-th of element is designated as qi, i=1,2 ..., n, n be two
It is worth picture M pixel number；If qi>=0, update qi=1；If qi<0, update qi=0；
(16) by Q and M1Carry out step-by-step XOR, i.e. K=bitxor (M1, Q), obtained K as keys；
(17) dct transform is carried out to original picture and obtains DCT coefficient T1, to DCT coefficient T1Carry out matrixing and obtain matrix
R1, T1And R1It is the matrix of m rows m row；
(18) j-th yuan of blind watermatking sequence H, H that a length is d is defined according to the scramble number of times s of Arnold scrambles
Element is designated as hj, j=1,2 ..., d；
(19) according to d, R is taken1 ExtremelyThe embedded location gone as watermark picture；
(110) line number of embedded watermark picture is total up to d rows, for the jth row of embedded watermark picture：If hj=1, then
Seek nj +-nj ->δ, if it is impossible to meet, negative maximum in the row is taken it is negative, until meet condition；If hj=0, then require
nj --nj +>δ, if it is impossible to meet, positive number maximum in the row is taken it is negative, until meet condition；nj +Represent jth row positive number
Number, nj -The number of jth row negative is represented, δ is setting value；Most at last R1It is updated to R1'；
(111) by R1' converted according to inverse matrix after obtain DCT coefficient T1', T1' converted through inverse DCT after obtain containing watermark
Picture；
Watermark picture extraction is carried out to the picture containing watermark：
(21) picture of known aqueous print, key K and blind watermatking sequence H' length d；Can by the picture containing watermark
With clear and definite watermark picture M' pixel number n, the picture containing watermark is m × m pictures；
(22) DWT conversion is carried out to the picture containing watermark and obtains low frequency subgraph W', DTC conversion is carried out to W' and obtains matrix
Z'；
(23) Zigzag scannings are carried out to Z', obtains one-dimensional matrix P'；
(24) P' preceding n element is taken to form one-dimensional matrix Q', Q' i-th of element is designated as qi', i=1,2 ..., n；
If qi' >=0, updates qi=1；If qi'<0, update qi=0；
(25) Q' and K is subjected to step-by-step XOR, i.e. M2=bitxor (K, Q'), obtains the watermark M after scramble2；
(26) dct transform is carried out to the picture containing watermark and obtains DCT coefficient T2, to DCT coefficient T2Matrixing is carried out to obtain
Matrix R2, T2And R2It is the matrix of m rows m row；
(27) according to blind watermatking sequence H' length d, R is detected2 ExtremelyOK, the line number of detection is total
It is altogether d rows, for the jth row of detection：If nj +>nj -, then h is madej'=1；If nj ->nj +, then h is madej=0；Finally give blind watermatking
Sequence H'；
(28) the scramble number of times s' of Arnold scrambles is obtained according to blind watermatking sequence H'；
(29) according to s' to the watermark M after scramble2Recovered, finally obtain watermark picture M'；
The step (17) is identical with the method for carrying out matrixing to DCT coefficient in step (26), the side of matrixing
Method is：The element of the matrix T arranged for n rows n, its i-th row j row is tij, i=1,2 ..., n, j=1,2 ..., n；Through matrix
The i-th row element that matrix R, R are obtained after conversion is designated as：
ri1,ri2,ri3,...,rii,ri(i+1),ri(i+2),ri(i+3),...,rin
=ti1,t(i-1)2,t(i-2)3,...,t1i,tn(i+1),t(n-1)(i+2),t(n-2)(i+3),...,t(i+1)n
The inverse matrix of the step (111) is transformed to the inverse transformation of above-mentioned matrixing.
Beneficial effect：The anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method for the strong security that the present invention is provided, this method is combined
The characteristics of zero watermarking and blind watermatking, Arnold scrambles are carried out to watermarking images, and according to DWT and dct transform, in original image
Low frequency region obtain the characteristic vector of image, the information further according to watermark picture obtains key；In mid-frequency region, according to one kind
The transform method insertion scramble number of times of matrix is for information about.It is extractable watermark picture according to the picture and key after scanning.
The application of zero watermarking ensure that the capacity of watermark and the stability of algorithm in this method, and the application of blind watermatking and scramble is improved
The confidentiality of watermark.The aqueous impression piece that this method is obtained is after using printer and scanner, and its index coefficient is in satisfaction
In the range of, and original watermark picture can be effectively extracted, with practical value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the insertion flow of watermark in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the extraction flow of watermark in the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security, including watermark picture insertion is carried out to original picture
The step of and to containing watermark picture carry out watermark picture extraction step, it is specific as follows：
Watermark picture insertion (as shown in Figure 1) is carried out to original picture：
(11) the two-value picture M of watermark picture is determined, scramble number of times s is determined；
(12) Arnold scrambles are carried out to M and obtains M1；
(13) the original picture progress DWT conversion to m × m obtains low frequency subgraph W, and DTC conversion is carried out to W and obtains matrix Z；
(14) Zigzag scannings are carried out to Z, obtains one-dimensional matrix P；
(15) P preceding n element is taken to form one-dimensional matrix Q, Q i-th of element is designated as qi, i=1,2 ..., n, n be two
It is worth picture M pixel number；If qi>=0, update qi=1；If qi<0, update qi=0；
(16) by Q and M1Carry out step-by-step XOR, i.e. K=bitxor (M1, Q), obtained K as keys；
(17) dct transform is carried out to original picture and obtains DCT coefficient T1, to DCT coefficient T1Carry out matrixing and obtain matrix
R1, T1And R1It is the matrix of m rows m row；
(18) j-th yuan of blind watermatking sequence H, H that a length is d is defined according to the scramble number of times s of Arnold scrambles
Element is designated as hj, j=1,2 ..., d；
(19) according to d, R is taken1 ExtremelyThe embedded location gone as watermark picture；
(110) line number of embedded watermark picture is total up to d rows, for the jth row of embedded watermark picture：If hj=1, then
Seek nj +-nj ->δ, if it is impossible to meet, negative maximum in the row is taken it is negative, until meet condition；If hj=0, then require
nj --nj +>δ, if it is impossible to meet, positive number maximum in the row is taken it is negative, until meet condition；nj +Represent jth row positive number
Number, nj -The number of jth row negative is represented, δ is setting value；Most at last R1It is updated to R1'；
(111) by R1' converted according to inverse matrix after obtain DCT coefficient T1', T1' converted through inverse DCT after obtain containing watermark
Picture；
Watermark picture extraction (as shown in Figure 2) is carried out to the picture containing watermark：
(21) picture of known aqueous print, key K and blind watermatking sequence H' length d；Can by the picture containing watermark
With clear and definite watermark picture M' pixel number n, the picture containing watermark is m × m pictures；
(22) DWT conversion is carried out to the picture containing watermark and obtains low frequency subgraph W', DTC conversion is carried out to W' and obtains matrix
Z'；
(23) Zigzag scannings are carried out to Z', obtains one-dimensional matrix P'；
(24) P' preceding n element is taken to form one-dimensional matrix Q', Q' i-th of element is designated as qi', i=1,2 ..., n；
If qi' >=0, updates qi=1；If qi'<0, update qi=0；
(25) Q' and K is subjected to step-by-step XOR, i.e. M2=bitxor (K, Q'), obtains the watermark M after scramble2；
(26) dct transform is carried out to the picture containing watermark and obtains DCT coefficient T2, to DCT coefficient T2Matrixing is carried out to obtain
Matrix R2, T2And R2It is the matrix of m rows m row；
(27) according to blind watermatking sequence H' length d, R is detected2 ExtremelyOK, the line number of detection is total
It is altogether d rows, for the jth row of detection：If nj +>nj -, then h is madej'=1；If nj ->nj +, then h is madej=0；Finally give blind watermatking
Sequence H'；
(28) the scramble number of times s' of Arnold scrambles is obtained according to blind watermatking sequence H'；
(29) according to s' to the watermark M after scramble2Recovered, finally obtain watermark picture M'；
The step (17) is identical with the method for carrying out matrixing to DCT coefficient in step (26), the side of matrixing
Method is：The element of the matrix T arranged for n rows n, its i-th row j row is tij, i=1,2 ..., n, j=1,2 ..., n；Through matrix
The i-th row element that matrix R, R are obtained after conversion is designated as：
ri1,ri2,ri3,...,rii,ri(i+1),ri(i+2),ri(i+3),...,rin
=ti1,t(i-1)2,t(i-2)3,...,t1i,tn(i+1),t(n-1)(i+2),t(n-2)(i+3),...,t(i+1)n
The inverse matrix of the step (111) is transformed to the inverse transformation of above-mentioned matrixing.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security, it is characterised in that：In the low frequency region of original picture
Using zero watermarking, the information related to scramble number of times is embedded in the mid-frequency region of original picture, is specially：Watermark picture is carried out
Arnold scrambles；DWT-DCT conversion is carried out to original picture, key is obtained with Zero watermarking method to the low frequency region after conversion；
Dct transform is carried out to original picture, carrying out matrixing to the mid-frequency region after conversion obtains the picture containing watermark, in matrixing
During the embedded information related to scramble number of times；
It is to the process that original picture carries out watermark picture insertion：Arnold scrambles are carried out to watermark picture；DWT is carried out to original picture
Conversion obtains low frequency subgraph, and dct transform is carried out to low frequency subgraph and Zigzag is scanned, according to low frequency subgraph coefficient after processing just
The negative characteristic vector for obtaining low frequency subgraph, step-by-step XOR is carried out by the watermark picture after characteristic vector and scramble, finally
To key；Matrixing is carried out again after carrying out dct transform to original picture, and intermediate frequency system is changed according to the scramble number of times of Arnold scrambles
Several is positive and negative, and the picture containing watermark is obtained after being converted through inverse DCT.
2. the anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：To containing
The process that the picture of watermark carries out watermark picture extraction is：DWT conversion is carried out to the picture containing watermark and obtains low frequency subgraph, to low
Frequency subgraph carries out dct transform and Zigzag scannings, according to the positive and negative feature for obtaining low frequency subgraph of low frequency subgraph coefficient after processing
Vector, carries out step-by-step XOR by characteristic vector and key, finally obtains the watermark after scramble；Picture containing watermark is carried out
Matrixing is carried out after dct transform again, according to the scramble number of times of the positive and negative determination Arnold scrambles of intermediate frequency coefficient, with reference to scramble
Several watermarks to after scramble recover, and finally obtain watermark picture.
3. the anti printing and scanning digital image watermarking method of strong security according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Including
The step of watermark picture insertion is carried out to original picture and watermark picture extraction step is carried out to the picture containing watermark, it is specific as follows：
Watermark picture insertion is carried out to original picture：
(11) the two-value picture M of watermark picture is determined, scramble number of times s is determined；
(12) Arnold scrambles are carried out to M and obtains M1；
(13) the original picture progress DWT conversion to m × m obtains low frequency subgraph W, and DTC conversion is carried out to W and obtains matrix Z；
(14) Zigzag scannings are carried out to Z, obtains one-dimensional matrix P；
(15) P preceding n element is taken to form one-dimensional matrix Q, Q i-th of element is designated as qi, i=1,2 ..., n, n is two-value picture
M pixel number；If qi>=0, update qi=1；If qi＜ 0, updates qi=0；
(16) by Q and M1Carry out step-by-step XOR, i.e. K=bitxor (M1, Q), obtained K as keys；
(17) dct transform is carried out to original picture and obtains DCT coefficient T1, to DCT coefficient T1Carry out matrixing and obtain matrix R1, T1With
R1It is the matrix of m rows m row；
(18) remembered according to the scramble number of times s of Arnold scrambles j-th of element for defining blind watermatking sequence H, H that a length is d
For hj, j=1,2 ..., d；
(19) according to d, R is taken1 ExtremelyThe embedded location gone as watermark picture；
(110) line number of embedded watermark picture is total up to d rows, for the jth row of embedded watermark picture：If hj=1, then require nj +-nj -＞ δ, if it is impossible to meet, negative maximum in the row is taken it is negative, until meet condition；If hj=0, then require nj --
nj +＞ δ, if it is impossible to meet, positive number maximum in the row is taken it is negative, until meet condition；nj +Represent of jth row positive number
Number, nj -The number of jth row negative is represented, δ is setting value；Most at last R1It is updated to R1'；
(111) by R1' converted according to inverse matrix after obtain DCT coefficient T1', T1' converted through inverse DCT after obtain the picture containing watermark；
Watermark picture extraction is carried out to the picture containing watermark：
(21) picture of known aqueous print, key K and blind watermatking sequence H' length d；Can be with bright by the picture containing watermark
True watermark picture M' pixel number n, the picture containing watermark is m × m pictures；
(22) DWT conversion is carried out to the picture containing watermark and obtains low frequency subgraph W', DTC conversion is carried out to W' and obtains matrix Z'；
(23) Zigzag scannings are carried out to Z', obtains one-dimensional matrix P'；
(24) P' preceding n element is taken to form one-dimensional matrix Q', Q' i-th of element is designated as qi', i=1,2 ..., n；If qi'≥
0, update qi=1；If qi' ＜ 0, update qi=0；
(25) Q' and K is subjected to step-by-step XOR, i.e. M2=bitxor (K, Q'), obtains the watermark M after scramble2；
(26) dct transform is carried out to the picture containing watermark and obtains DCT coefficient T2, to DCT coefficient T2Carry out matrixing and obtain matrix
R2, T2And R2It is the matrix of m rows m row；
(27) according to blind watermatking sequence H' length d, R is detected2 ExtremelyOK, the line number of detection is total up to d
OK, for the jth row of detection：If nj +＞ nj -, then h is madej'=1；If nj -＞ nj +, then h is madej=0；Finally give blind watermatking sequence
H'；
(28) the scramble number of times s' of Arnold scrambles is obtained according to blind watermatking sequence H'；
(29) according to s' to the watermark M after scramble2Recovered, finally obtain watermark picture M'；
The step (17) is identical with the method for carrying out matrixing to DCT coefficient in step (26), and the method for matrixing is：
The element of the matrix T arranged for n rows n, its i-th row j row is tij, i=1,2 ..., n, j=1,2 ..., n；After matrix conversion
To matrix R, R the i-th row element is designated as：
ri1,ri2,ri3,…,rii,ri(i+1),ri(i+2),ri(i+3),…,rin
=ti1,t(i-1)2,t(i-2)3,…,t1i,tn(i+1),t(n-1)(i+2),t(n-2)(i+3),…,t(i+1)n
The inverse matrix of the step (111) is transformed to the inverse transformation of above-mentioned matrixing.
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| CN1960428A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2007-05-09 | 吉林大学 | Implementation method of anti printing and scanning meaningful digital watermark with large capacity |
| CN101699508A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-04-28 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Image digital watermark embedding and extracting method and system |
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| CN1960428A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2007-05-09 | 吉林大学 | Implementation method of anti printing and scanning meaningful digital watermark with large capacity |
| CN101699508A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-04-28 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Image digital watermark embedding and extracting method and system |
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| 一种小波和余弦变换组合域内鲁的自适应零水印算法;周亚训等;《光电工程》;20110515;第38卷(第5期);第80-85页 * |
| 抗打印扫描数字水印算法设计与研究;舒南飞;《信息科技辑》;20110315(第03期);全文 * |
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