CN104767114B - Method based on the stable optical pumping gas THz lasers output of optoacoustic effect - Google Patents
Method based on the stable optical pumping gas THz lasers output of optoacoustic effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method exported based on the stable optical pumping gas THz lasers of optoacoustic effect and the frequency regulator for realizing this method, belong to THz field of laser device technology.This method adds an optoacoustic detection device on the basis of THz lasers；The photoacoustic signal caused by the optoacoustic detection device of addition detects its operation material absorptive pumping laser；By the situation of change of photoacoustic signal, the piezoelectric ceramics in pump laser and THz laser chambers is controlled using computer-driven feedback control system, to adjust the chamber of pump laser source and THz laser resonant cavities length, so as to realize the stabilization of pump laser source output laser, and then realize the stabilization of THz laser output powers and output frequency.This method and frequency regulator can make optical pumping gas THz laser output powers and frequency have higher precision frequency stabilization, faster response speed, be particularly suitable for optical pumping gas THz laser systems.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to Terahertz (THz) field of laser device technology, and in particular to one kind is based on gas optoacoustic effect come real
Now stablize the method and its frequency regulator of optical pumping gas THz laser output powers and frequency.
Background technology：
THz wave refers to the electromagnetic radiation (1THz -1012GHz) that frequency is 100GHz--10THz, because at Terahertz
The special position in electromagnetic wave band, with the electromagnetic wave phases of other wave bands than with many unique performances, such as instantaneity, low energy
Property, broadband property, the extremely strong penetration power of apolar substance etc., THz ripples at present biomedical sector, national defense and military communication, safety check without
Damage detection etc. is all widely used.The research of last decade shows that it has very important academic and application value so that full generation
Great concern, active development THz technologies and its application are all given by Jie Ge states.
In many application fields such as terahertz imaging, radar detection, coherent communication, thz laser device power output and
The stability of output frequency is always to influence the key index of its application performance.
Optical pumping Terahertz (THz) radiation source is using more ripe one kind, its base in current all kinds of terahertz emission sources
Present principles are with the output laser pumping operation material of a mid-infrared laser device, at the energy level transition frequency of operation material
In THz wave segment limit, thus THz wave stimulated radiation can be formed.By selecting suitable operation material, finding newly
Energy level transition spectral line, you can cover whole terahertz wave band substantially.However, optical pumping terahertz emission source there is also power output and
The problem of frequency stability is poor, its application performance is caused to be affected.In order to realize gas Terahertz power output and frequency
High stability, the stable absworption peak in gas THz source gas working dielectric of output frequency of pumping source will be ensured first
Place.At present, the method for stable pumping source output frequency has a variety of, including Lamb dip frequency stabilization method, phase-modulation optical heterodyne frequency stabilization
Method, optoacoustic frequency stabilizing method etc..Wherein, the Lamb dip frequency stabilization method, imitated using the hole burning of inhomogeneous broadening linear gain curve
Should, realize frequency stabilization using gain curve centre frequency as normative reference frequency；Although the frequency regulator comparison of this method is simple
It is single, but certain limitation in the application be present, frequency reproducibility is poor.The phase-modulation optical heterodyne frequency stabilizing method, it is to utilize light
The resonant frequency of resonator is learned as reference frequency, but its is complicated, and Fabry-Perot (F-P) chamber have be easy to by
External action；Thus it is using also restrained.The optoacoustic frequency stabilization is the optoacoustic effect based on gas, is operated in pumping source
At the maximum absorption band of optoacoustic sample gas, traditional optoacoustic detection is detected using an independent optoacoustic closed chamber
, after absorbing luminous energy radiationless transition occurs for the closed intracavity gas of its optoacoustic, causes the temperature of absorbing medium to raise, so as to cause
Air pressure changes in optoacoustic closed chamber, and then produces acoustic vibration；When pump light has frequency drift, the sound of acoustic vibration is produced
Pressure signal can change, can be to the frequency stability of pump light and its frequency drift etc. by the change for detecting sound pressure signal
Detected, and grown by the chamber of feedback control laser, you can stable pump laser power output and frequency.
The content of the invention：
The defects of it is an object of the invention to overcome in the presence of prior art and deficiency, there is provided one kind is based on optoacoustic effect
To realize the method for stable optical pumping gas THz laser output powers and frequency, and provide a kind of frequency stabilization for realizing this method
Device.This method and device are capable of the power output and frequency of the notable pumping source of stabilizing gas THz lasers, and indicate pumping
Whether laser frequency and the absorption peak position of THz laser resonator intracavitary working gas are in best match, to realize optical pumping gas
The stabilization of body THz laser output powers and output frequency.And then make optical pumping gas THz laser output powers and output frequency
With higher precision frequency stabilization, faster response speed, and it is more suitable for optical pumping gas THz laser systems.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized using the technical scheme of following technical measures composition.
The basic ideas that the present invention designs are：It is proposed by adding an optoacoustic on the basis of optical pumping gas THz lasers
The method of detection device；Optoacoustic is believed caused by the optoacoustic detection device of addition detects its working gas absorptive pumping laser
Number, and then according to the situation of change of photoacoustic signal；Controlled using feedback control system in pump laser and THz laser chambers
Piezoelectric ceramics (PZT), to adjust the chamber of pump laser and THz resonators length, so as to realize pump laser output laser
It is stable, pump laser frequency and the absworption peak position of THz laser works gases is in best match state；And then improve pump
Pu efficiency, and obtain the THz laser output powers and output frequency of high stable.The present invention also provides a kind of above method of realizing
Frequency regulator, the frequency regulator mainly adds optoacoustic detection device on the basis of THz lasers, by traditional PA cell and THz
Resonator is combined into one, and not only simplify experimental provision, and frequency stabilization effect is good.
Method proposed by the present invention based on the stable optical pumping gas THz lasers output of optoacoustic effect, comprises the following steps：
(1) an optoacoustic detection device is added on the basis of optical pumping gas THz lasers；
(2) using added optoacoustic detection device detection optical pumping gas THz laser works gas absorptive pumping laser
Caused photoacoustic signal and its change, and find out the peak value of photoacoustic signal；
(3) according to the photoacoustic signal that detects, the in pumping laser resonant cavity is controlled using feedback control system
The first piezoelectric ceramics in two piezoelectric ceramics and THz resonators；It can realize humorous to pump laser resonator and THz lasers
The regulation of the chamber chamber that shakes length；
(4) change grown by pump laser resonator and THz resonators, can realize pump laser output work
The stabilization of rate and frequency, and then realize the stabilization of optical pumping gas THz laser output powers and output frequency.
In such scheme, the optoacoustic detection device carries out photoacoustic signal spy using optoacoustic inducing function material or microphone
Survey, the microphone includes silicon micro-capacitive microphone or silicon micro piezoelectric formula microphone or cantilevered microphone, or ultrasonic wave
Ceramic piezoelectric microphone carries out photoacoustic signal detection.
In such scheme, the peak value of described photoacoustic signal corresponding with having at pumping laser core frequency should close
System, i.e., photoacoustic signal peak value is corresponded at pumping laser line centre frequency, and pumping is adjusted come Real-time Feedback according to this corresponding relation
The chamber length of laser so that the output laser lock-on of pump laser is on fixed spectral line, and keep its output frequency with
Power it is steady in a long-term.
In such scheme, in the frequency and THz laser works gas absorption spectrum lines of the pump laser output laser
The heart overlaps, and remains best match, so that THz lasers output laser keeps its stability.
In such scheme, the pump laser uses the RF excited plate waveguide CO of Z-fold chamber2Laser, its
Laser works power supply uses radio-frequency power supply.
The present invention provides a kind of side realized based on the stable optical pumping gas THz laser output powers of optoacoustic effect and frequency
The frequency regulator of method, including pump laser, infrared detector, THz resonators, THz power meters, beam splitter, optoacoustic detection dress
Put, laser power supply, the feedback control being made up of lock-in amplifier, the first PZT drivers, the 2nd PZT drivers and computer
System；Wherein, the THz resonators include ZnSe windows, the first PZT, the gold-plated total reflective mirror in concave surface, THz laser output mirrors, take out and fill
Gas interface；The pump laser resonator includes grating, the first total reflective mirror and the second total reflective mirror, the 2nd PZT, outgoing mirror；
The laser of the pump laser output is divided into two-way by beam splitter, impinges perpendicularly on infrared detector all the way,
Another way then enters in THz resonators；The signal wire of optoacoustic detection device is mutually put with being locked in feedback control system in THz resonators
The signalling channel connection of big device；The signal output part of lock-in amplifier is connected by signal wire with computer；Computer is also distinguished
The first PZT drivers and the 2nd PZT drivers are connected to control the first PZT and the 2nd PZT respectively.
In such scheme, described pump laser uses the RF excited plate waveguide CO of Z-fold chamber2Laser,
By driving the second piezoelectric ceramics in its resonator to change its chamber length, and by grating-selected in the resonator.
In such scheme, described THz resonators are defeated using Small aperture coupling using flat-recessed resonator, pumping laser input
Enter mode, i.e., the first piezoelectric ceramics is placed using the gold-plated total reflective mirror in the foraminate concave surface in a centre, its back side.
In such scheme, the optoacoustic detection device carries out photoacoustic signal spy using optoacoustic inducing function material or microphone
Survey, the microphone includes silicon micro-capacitive microphone or silicon micro piezoelectric formula microphone or cantilevered microphone, or ultrasonic wave
Ceramic piezoelectric microphone carries out photoacoustic signal detection.
In such scheme, the THz laser output mirrors are used to CO2Laser is high anti-and THz laser part transmissions are put down
Face mirror.
In such scheme, the optoacoustic detection device uses silicon micro-capacitive microphone；And it is placed on THz resonators
Centre position, for detecting the acoustical signal in THz resonators；And make silicon micro-capacitive microphone (23) opening and THz resonators
(3) tube wall is concordant, to improve the Effect on Detecting of photoacoustic signal.
Advantage possessed compared with prior art of the invention and beneficial technique effect are as follows：
1st, the present invention is using the method that an optoacoustic detection device is added on the basis of optical pumping gas THz lasers；Use this
Method can be by the output laser lock-on of THz lasers on fixed spectral line, and keeps its power output and output frequency
Steadily in the long term.
2nd, using method of the present invention, by changing different working gas, rotating pumping CO2Laser resonant cavity
Interior grating angle used selects different branch lines, it is possible to achieve pumping CO2The high stability output of laser difference branch line, so as to obtain
Obtain the stable output of THz laser of different capacity and frequency.
3rd, the frequency regulator of offer of the invention, optoacoustic detection device is added on the basis of THz lasers, by traditional optoacoustic
Chamber is combined into one with THz resonators, not only simplify experimental provision, for traditional independent PA cell, optoacoustic detection
Reaction is sensitiveer, precision is higher；Moreover, photoacoustic signal can not only show CO2The exporting change situation of laser,
CO can be indicated2Whether laser frequency and the absworption peak centre frequency of THz laser works gases are in best match state.
4th, frequency regulator provided by the invention, it is micro- using the optoacoustic detection device silicon for being placed on THz resonators centre position
Capacitor microphone comes after collecting work gas absorptive pumping laser energy in acoustical signal caused by intracavitary；And by detecting optoacoustic
The change of signal analyzes the changing rule for obtaining pump laser power and frequency in real time.In the same of detection pumping laser stability
When, it may also indicate that whether THz lasers are in best match state, therefore, the optimization of this structure more conforms to optical pumping
Requirement of the gas THz laser systems for photo-acoustic detection.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the knot that the present invention realizes the frequency regulator based on the stable optical pumping gas THz laser output methods of optoacoustic effect
Structure schematic block diagram；
Fig. 2 is the cavity resonator structure schematic diagram of THz lasers in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pump laser in Fig. 1.
In figure：1 pump laser, 2 infrared detectors, 3THz resonators, 4THz power meters, 5 beam splitters, 6 optoacoustic detections
Device, 7 laser power supplies, 8 lock-in amplifiers, 9 the oneth PZT drivers, 10 the 2nd PZT drivers, 11 computers, 12ZnSe windows
Mouthful, 13 the oneth PZT, the gold-plated total reflective mirror in 14 concave surfaces, 15THz laser output mirrors, 16 take out inflatable interface, and 17 gratings, 18 first are all-trans
Mirror, 19 the 2nd PZT, 20 outgoing mirrors, 21 second total reflective mirrors, 22 feedback control systems, 23 microphones.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and with specific embodiment to the present invention, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be
The embodiment is only intended to further describe the present invention, and is not meant to be any limit to the scope of the present invention
It is fixed.
The present invention is based on the stable optical pumping gas THz laser output intents of optoacoustic effect, using in optical pumping gas THz laser
An optoacoustic detection device 6 is added on the basis of device；Detected using the optoacoustic detection device 6 of addition in optical pumping gas THz resonators 3
Photoacoustic signal and its change caused by working gas absorptive pumping laser；The situation of change of the photoacoustic signal obtained according to detection,
Control the He of the second piezoelectric ceramics 10 in the resonator of pump laser 1 and in THz resonators 3 respectively using feedback control system 22
First piezoelectric ceramics 9；To adjust the chamber of the resonator of pump laser 1 and THz resonators 3 length, pump laser can be realized
The stability of power output and output frequency, and then realize the stabilization of optical pumping gas THz laser output powers and output frequency.
The present invention realizes the frequency regulator based on the stable optical pumping gas THz laser output intents of optoacoustic effect, including pump
Pu laser 1, infrared detector 2, THz resonators 3, THz power meters 4, beam splitter 5, optoacoustic detection device 6, laser power supply
7 and the feedback control system that is made up of lock-in amplifier 8, the first PZT drivers 9, the 2nd PZT drivers 10 and computer 11
System 22；Wherein, the THz resonators 3 include the ZnSe windows 12 for being coated with anti-reflection film, the first PZT drivers 9, microphone 23,
First PZT 13, the gold-plated total reflective mirror 14 in concave surface, THz laser output mirrors 15, takes out inflatable interface 16；The resonance of pump laser 1
Intracavitary includes grating 17, the first total reflective mirror 18, the 2nd PZT19, outgoing mirror 20, the second total reflective mirror 21.
The laser that pump laser 1 exports in the frequency regulator is divided for two-way by beam splitter 5, is impinged perpendicularly on all the way
Infrared detector 2, another way then enter THz resonators 3；The signal wire of microphone 23 in THz resonators 3 and feedback control system
The signalling channel connection of lock-in amplifier 8 in system 22；The signal output part of lock-in amplifier 8 is by signal wire and data are housed
The computer 11 of capture card connects；Computer 11 also controls the first PZT 13 in THz resonators 3；The 2nd PZT drivers
10 are connected with the computer 11 equipped with data collecting card and pump laser 1 respectively, are controlled by computer in pump laser 1
2nd PZT19；The pulse signal of the laser power supply 7 is connected with the reference channel signal of lock-in amplifier 8, laser power supply
7 are supplied to power supply used in pump laser 1.
In the feedback control system 22, lock-in amplifier 8 is to receive the signal from optoacoustic detection device 6, using mutual
Related detecting method：By making cross-correlation function computing with reference signal to measured signal, suppress noise and extracted from noise
Photoacoustic signal.
The first PZT drivers 9 and the 2nd PZT drivers 10：Be respectively used to drive in pump laser 1 resonator and
The first PZT13 and the 2nd PZT19 in THz resonators 3, to realize that its stabilized lasers exports.
The best match refers to the centre frequency of pumping laser and the centre frequency of the absworption peak of THz laser working gas
It is consistent, the gas molecule number for being now chosen to excite is most.
The feedback control system 22, it is that the computer program write using oneself is used to analyze photoacoustic signal, and finds out
Corresponding to its peak value and peak value in pump laser 1 the 2nd PZT displacement, second on the first total reflective mirror of feedback control 18
PZT (piezoelectric ceramics) 19, to adjust the output frequency of pumping laser in real time, so as to by radio frequency CO2Laser frequency stabilization is in work
Make at a certain absworption peak of gas, because a kind of working gas has much fixed absworption peak, caused by different absworption peaks are corresponding
The frequency of THz laser is also different, according to required THz laser frequencies come the stabilization of selection at which absworption peak, and all the time
Keep best match.Wherein：(1) pumping laser：According to photoacoustic signal come the piezoelectric ceramics in feedback regulation pump laser, make
Laser output is stable at working gas absworption peak；(2) THz laser：According to THz power meters and photoacoustic signal come feedback regulation
Piezoelectric ceramics in THz lasers, accordingly, it is capable to make THz resonators keep the best match with pumping laser, so as to realize that its is defeated
Go out the stabilization of power and frequency.
Embodiment
Method and step is operated the present embodiment as described above, and whole operation process uses the computer oneself write
Program is carried out；It is first according to the installation of structure shown in Fig. 1 and connects each component, and adjusts light path.
Component title, model used in the present embodiment：
The pump laser 1 is using RF excited plate waveguide CO2Laser；
The grating 17, original carve 100 lines of grating/mm；
Laser power supply 7 used uses radio-frequency power supply；
The lock-in amplifier 8, ND-207 type binary channels lock-in amplifiers；
Used two PZT：The 2nd PZT19 in pump laser is to use encapsulation type column piezoelectric ceramics, stroke
For 20 microns；The first PZT13 in THz resonators 3 is using encapsulation type tubular piezo-electric ceramics, and stroke is 200 microns, described micro-
Sound device 23 uses silicon micro-capacitive microphone, from the EK-23024-000 type microphones of Knowles companies.
THz laser resonant cavities 3 use Small aperture coupling input mode using flat-recessed resonator, pumping laser input, its
In, the gold-plated speculum in concave surface is bronze mirror, input holes of the central bore 2mm as the output laser of pump laser 1.THz laser
Outgoing mirror 15 is used using quartz as substrate, plated film and added with the level crossing of metallic mesh, is coated with the high-reflecting film to 9.6 μm of laser,
THz laser parts are passed through；Chamber grows 1.5 meters, and its resonator radius is 25mm, and main body uses stainless steel, and inner surface is polished to subtract
The loss of few pumping light.
The inflatable interface 16 of taking out vacuumizes THz laserresonators simultaneously as the interface for vacuumizing and filling working gas
Methanol is filled with, holding air pressure is 25Pa, and keeps constant temperature and constant pressure as far as possible.The regulation corner of grating 17 makes CO2Laser keeps 9P
(36) branch line exports, and THz lasers now export the thz laser for being 2.52THz；Adjust CO2Second in laser
PZT (piezoelectric ceramics) 19, the peak value of photoacoustic signal is found out, and then resonator is quickly controlled to adjust using self-editing computer software
It is long, make CO2Laser output is remained at photoacoustic signal peak value.On this basis, by adjusting in THz resonators 3
First PZT (piezoelectric ceramics) 13 grows to change the chamber of THz resonators 3, passes through THz power meters 4 while Resonant Intake System is adjusted
Observe and record THz power outputs, find the output peak of THz laser, and the chamber by adjusting THz resonators 3 in real time is grown, and makes
THz laser is maintained at output peak value.
Pass through the experiment of the present embodiment, pumping source CO2For the output power stability of laser up to 1%, output frequency can
Stable heart spectral line wherein nearby within 2MHz, further combines the feedback control to THz chambers, makes THz laser output works
Rate stability about 1.3%, output frequency is stable within 100kHz, and power stability is detected by THz power meters.
It is described as follows using the process letter operating procedure of self-editing computer program analysis photoacoustic signal：
1. with the 2nd PZT19 in periodic serrations wave voltage control pump laser 1, its Resonant Intake System is set to make periodically
Change, the situation of change of real-time detection photoacoustic signal, and record the 2nd PZT19 displacement P and corresponding photoacoustic signal
Value A；
2. recording photoacoustic signal value A by analysis, the peak A of photoacoustic signal is searched outmaxWith corresponding to this peak value
Two PZT19 displacement Pmax；
3. controlling the 2nd PZT19 in pump laser 1 by feedback control system 22, and its displacement stabilization is set to exist
PmaxPlace；
4. monitoring photoacoustic signal in real time, if the corresponding peak As of photoacoustic signal value AmaxWhen differing by more than given threshold B,
The 2nd PZT19 in pump laser 1 is accordingly adjusted again, makes photoacoustic signal A values and its peak AmaxDifference all the time
It is maintained within given threshold B；I.e. regulation can stablize in peak A to photoacoustic signalmaxWithin neighbouring given threshold B.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of frequency regulator based on the stable optical pumping gas THz lasers output of optoacoustic effect, it is characterised in that including pumping
Laser (1), infrared detector (2), THz resonators (3), THz power meters (4), beam splitter (5), optoacoustic detection device (6),
Laser power supply (7) and by lock-in amplifier (8), the first PZT drivers (9), the 2nd PZT drivers (10) and computer
(11) feedback control system (22) formed；Include ZnSe windows (12) in the THz resonators (3), the first PZT (13) is recessed
The gold-plated total reflective mirror in face (14), optoacoustic detection device (6), THz laser output mirrors (15), take out inflatable interface (16)；The pumping swashs
Light device (1) includes the grating (17) in resonator, the first total reflective mirror (18) and the second total reflective mirror (21), the 2nd PZT (19) and defeated
Appearance (20)；
The laser of pump laser (1) output is divided into two-way by beam splitter (5), impinges perpendicularly on infrared detector all the way
(2), another way then enters in THz resonators (3)；Optoacoustic detection device (6) and feedback control system (22) in THz resonators
Middle lock-in amplifier (8) connection；Lock-in amplifier is connected with laser power supply (7) and computer (11) respectively, and computer also divides
It is not connected with the first PZT drivers (9) and the 2nd PZT drivers (10), and controls the first PZT (13) and the 2nd PZT respectively
(19)。
2. frequency regulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the optoacoustic detection device (6) is using optoacoustic sensing work(
Energy material or microphone (23) carry out photoacoustic signal detection, and the microphone (23) includes silicon micro-capacitive microphone or silicon is micro-
Piezoelectric microphone or cantilevered microphone, or ultrasound piezoelectric ceramic microphone.
3. frequency regulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pump laser (1) uses Z-fold chamber
RF excited plate waveguide CO2Laser, by driving the 2nd PZT (19) in its resonator to be grown to change its chamber, and pass through
Grating (17) choosing branch in resonator.
4. according to the frequency regulator described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described THz resonators (3) are using flat-recessed
Resonator, pumping laser input uses Small aperture coupling input mode, i.e., using the gold-plated total reflective mirror in the foraminate concave surface in a centre
(14), the first PZT (13) is placed at its back side.
5. frequency regulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the THz laser output mirrors (15) use swashs to radio frequency
Encourage plate waveguide CO2Laser is high anti-, and to the level crossing of THz laser parts transmission.
6. frequency regulator according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that microphone in the optoacoustic detection device (6)
(23) silicon micro-capacitive microphone is used, and is placed on the centre position of THz resonators (3), for detecting in its resonator
Acoustical signal；And make silicon micro-capacitive microphone opening concordant with THz resonators (3) tube wall.
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| CN105244742A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-13 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical pumped gas laser |
| CN106099627B (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2019-03-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | A kind of device and method using F-P interferometer enhancing optical pumping efficiency |
| CN111009817B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-09-01 | 蓝科微电子(深圳)有限公司 | Terahertz laser based on electromagnetic induction thermal excitation |
| CN111029889B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-09-01 | 蓝科微电子(深圳)有限公司 | Terahertz laser based on single high-temperature heat source |
| CN112945909A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Laser reflection element power detection device and method based on resonance enhancement effect |
| CN114498270A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-05-13 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical pumping terahertz gas laser |
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