CN104764394B - Axis hole parameter measuring apparatus - Google Patents
Axis hole parameter measuring apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104764394B CN104764394B CN201510152510.5A CN201510152510A CN104764394B CN 104764394 B CN104764394 B CN 104764394B CN 201510152510 A CN201510152510 A CN 201510152510A CN 104764394 B CN104764394 B CN 104764394B
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Abstract
Multiple columns are provided with around a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus, levelling bench, substrate is movably arranged on column, and can be slided along column;Substrate is provided with multiple Digitizing plates corresponding with workpiece upper shaft hole position, is additionally provided with corresponding with least two axis holes on workpiece, and for the vertical shaft device of positioning shaft hole axis, at least one detent mechanism is contacted with Digitizing plate in described vertical shaft device.A kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus that the present invention is provided, coordinates the liftable substrate with Digitizing plate by using vertical shaft device, it is possible to achieve the parameter such as wheelbase, perpendicularity and depth of parallelism of measurement axis hole accurately and fast.And it is easy to operate, measuring speed is fast, is suitable for on-line measurement on streamline, and cost is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measurement apparatus field, particularly a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus.
Background technology
Have in hydraulic manipulator equipment it is more the need for degree of precision axis hole, such as large arm and forearm in hydraulic manipulator
Each axis hole, wheelbase and the depth of parallelism, perpendicularity equally accurate error between axis hole influence whether the equipment after final assembling
Use state.When the depth of parallelism and the larger error of perpendicularity of axis hole, equipment operation is then not smooth enough, and axle or axle sleeve are easily ground
Damage, so as to shorten the service life of equipment.Existing part, it is few by the way of all voluntarily processing, use external coordination more
The mode of processing, and the measurement for the size and the accuracy of form and position of this kind of part is more difficult, if can not be to part
Size and the accuracy of form and position are controlled, then are difficult to assemble the equipment for producing satisfactory quality.Especially for large batch of
Part, the measurement of the wheelbase of its central axis hole, the perpendicularity of axis hole and the depth of parallelism is all that the difficult and cost time is more.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus, can quickly measure axis hole
The depth of parallelism and perpendicularity trueness error parameter between axis hole can also be measured in wheelbase, scheme preferably, quick exclude does not conform to
The workpiece of lattice.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:A kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus, level
Multiple first columns are provided with around platform, substrate is movably arranged on the first column, and can be slided along the first column;
Substrate is provided with multiple Digitizing plates corresponding with workpiece upper shaft hole position, is additionally provided with and at least two axle on workpiece
Hole is corresponding and is used at least one detent mechanism and number in the vertical shaft device of positioning shaft hole axis, described vertical shaft device
Position plate contact.
There are multiple detent mechanisms to be contacted with Digitizing plate in described vertical shaft device, multiple detent mechanisms are circumferentially arranged, many
The center of circle of circle is overlapped with the axis of the axis hole where vertical shaft device where individual detent mechanism.
Described detent mechanism is pressure sensor.
Described detent mechanism is displacement transducer, and the home position of circle is provided with reference block where multiple detent mechanisms,
The top of described reference block is less than the top of displacement transducer.
Described substrate and one end of steel wire rope are connected, and the other end of steel wire rope is reconnected with matching somebody with somebody, and steel wire rope, which is bypassed, to be located at
The pulley of first column top.
Described substrate is provided with lifting drive.
Described lifting drive is cylinder;
Or in described lifting drive, servomotor is connected by transmission mechanism with driving lever, driving lever passes through
Transmission mechanism and the follower lever at two ends are connected, and the two ends of follower lever are engaged by transmission mechanism with being installed in the rack of the first column
Connection.
In described vertical shaft device, base is connected with the second column, and the axle sleeve with shaft hole matching is socketed with the second column,
The top of second column is detent mechanism.
In described vertical shaft device, base is connected with the second column, and the axle sleeve with shaft hole matching is socketed with the second column,
The top of second column is provided with pallet, and pallet is provided with multiple displacement transducers being uniformly distributed along the circumference, pallet to be stood positioned at second
The position of mast axis is provided with reference block, and the top of described reference block is less than the top of displacement transducer.
Described levelling bench is provided with liftable lifting deflector roll and limited block.
A kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus that the present invention is provided, coordinates liftable with numerical digit by using vertical shaft device
The substrate of plate, it is possible to achieve the parameter such as wheelbase, perpendicularity and depth of parallelism of measurement axis hole accurately and fast.And it is easy to operate, survey
Measure speed fast, be suitable for on-line measurement on streamline, and cost is relatively low.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is integrally-built schematic front view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is integrally-built schematic top plan view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of the levelling bench of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the structure of substrate of the present invention and vertical shaft device.
Fig. 5 is the substrate of the present invention and the structural representation of vertical shaft device preferred embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the schematic top plan view of workpiece.
Schematic front view when Fig. 7 measures for substrate sum digit plate in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the schematic top plan view of pallet in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the preferred structure schematic diagram of the neutral shaft device of the present invention.
In figure:Substrate 1, the first column 101, pulley 102, steel wire rope 103, counterweight 104, lifting drive 105, servo
Motor 1051, driving lever 1052, follower lever 1053, rack 1054, guide rail 106, Digitizing plate 2, integrated interface 3, harvester 4,
Pressure or displacement transducer 5, axle sleeve 6, base 7, pallet 8, the second column 9, reference block 10, level meter 11, workpiece 12, axis hole
121, levelling bench 13 lifts deflector roll 131, limited block 132, conveying device 14.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As in Fig. 1, a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus is provided with multiple first columns 101 around levelling bench 13, in level
The two ends of platform 13 are provided with the conveying device 14 for conveying workpieces, preferred scheme such as Fig. 1,3, described levelling bench 13
Provided with liftable lifting deflector roll 131 and limited block 132.In this example, use cylinder preferably makes lifting deflector roll 131 and limit
Position block 132 realizes lifting.In the state of the lifting rise of deflector roll 131 comes, the upper surface of lifting deflector roll 131 is higher than levelling bench 13
Upper surface, in favor of movement of the heavier workpiece 12 on levelling bench 13.The lifting of limited block 132 is then used to block movement
Workpiece 12, in order to measure.It is further preferred that the deflector roll on lifting deflector roll 131 is the structure for carrying driving, pass through
The automatic running of workpiece 12 is realized in the rotation of deflector roll, to adapt to the on-line checking on streamline.
Substrate 1 is movably arranged on the first column 101 in such as Fig. 1,2, and can be slided up and down along the first column 101;
Substrate 1 is provided with multiple Digitizing plates 2 corresponding with the upper shaft hole position of workpiece 12, is additionally provided with and on workpiece at least two
Individual axis hole is corresponding and is used for the positioning of at least one in the vertical shaft device of the axis of positioning shaft hole 121, described vertical shaft device
Mechanism is contacted with Digitizing plate 2.
In further preferred scheme such as Fig. 1,2, described substrate 1 is in the position at four angles and one end of steel wire rope 103
Connection, the other end of steel wire rope 103 is connected with counterweight 104, and steel wire rope 103 bypasses the pulley positioned at the top of the first column 101
102.The deadweight for making substrate 1 by the counterweight of setting is reduced, and to reduce influence of the inertia to measurement accuracy, also avoids measuring
High-precision Digitizing plate 2 is damaged in journey.Digitizing plate in this example is prior art, after being contacted with detent mechanism, it is possible to use electricity
Magnetic resonance senses the position of detent mechanism, and existing Digitizing plate highest resolution can reach 0.005 millimeter/point, completely full
Measurement accuracy requirement in the foot present invention.It is preferred that, it is to be flexibly connected between multiple Digitizing plates 2 and substrate 1.Electrostatic can be used
Absorption, vacuum suction, the mode of magnet adsorption or mode connects for screw.Substrate 1 in this example is preferred to use light material, such as aluminium
Magnesium alloy or titanium alloy.
Described substrate 1 is provided with lifting drive 105.Described lifting drive is cylinder or hydraulic cylinder;
Or optional scheme is as shown in Figure 1, 2, in described lifting drive 105, servomotor 1051 is by passing
Motivation structure is connected with driving lever 1052, and driving lever 1052 is connected by transmission mechanism and the follower lever at two ends 1053, follower lever
Rack 1054 engagement of 1053 two ends by transmission mechanism with being installed in the first column 101 is connected.Specifically in this example, servo
Motor 1051 is fixedly mounted on the top of substrate 1, and servomotor 1051 is connected by gear reduction with driving lever 1052, main
The two ends of lever 1052 are connected by bevel gear set or helical gear group with follower lever 1053, and the two ends of follower lever 1053 are provided with straight
Gear, rack 1054 engagement of the spur gear with being installed in the first column 101 is connected.Thus structure, realizes the synchronous liter of substrate 1
Drop.Due to the structure provided with pulley 102 and counterweight 104, the deadweight of substrate less, is easy to the servomotor using smaller moment of torsion
1051 are driven, it is to avoid damage Digitizing plate 2.The spacing contact that can be between Digitizing plate 2 and detent mechanism that substrate 1 declines
Signal is as the spacing of decline, and the angular displacement sensor signal that servomotor is carried is as the spacing of decline.Substrate 1 it is upper
It is spacing to be controlled by travel switch.
Multiple Digitizing plates 2 are electrically connected by signal wire with integrated interface 3, and integrated interface 3 is electrically connected with harvester 4, is adopted
The measurement signal being collected into is conveyed to computer and analyzed by acquisition means 4.Collected by harvester vertical in axis hole
Position of the shaft device top on Digitizing plate, is converted into reference coordinate respectively, and the wheelbase between shaft outlet hole is calculated by computer.
It is preferred that scheme such as Fig. 4 in, in described vertical shaft device, base 7 is connected with the second column 9, on the second column 9 cover
The axle sleeve 6 with shaft hole matching is connected to, the top of the second column 9 is detent mechanism.
In further preferred scheme, described detent mechanism is pressure sensor or displacement transducer.Using displacement
Sensor is preferably, because in measurement process, it is understood that there may be the error of vertical shaft device, when the localization machine of vertical shaft device upper end
Structure not in the horizontal plane when, due to displacement transducer be telescopic structure, can be very good compensate vertical shaft device error.
It is preferred that, level meter 11, such as level(l)ing bubble or horizon sensor are additionally provided with substrate 1, to ensure substrate 1
With the keeping parallelism of levelling bench 13, correspondingly, Digitizing plate 2 also with the keeping parallelism of levelling bench 13.
Referring to Fig. 1 ~ 4,6, when being measured using above-mentioned axis hole parameter measuring apparatus, comprise the following steps:
First, multiple Digitizing plates 2 on substrate 1 are connected by integrated interface 3 with harvester 4, harvester 4 and computer
Connection, using a Digitizing plate as benchmark, obtains coordinate position of other Digitizing plates relative to benchmark Digitizing plate;Between Digitizing plate
Positioning can be by the clamping of substrate 1 on Digit Control Machine Tool, using Digit Control Machine Tool auxiliary positioning.
2nd, workpiece 12 is transported on levelling bench 13 by conveying device 14, lifting deflector roll 131 declines, workpiece 12
Reference plane is placed on levelling bench 13, in the axis hole 121 that vertical shaft device is loaded to workpiece 12, makes the second column in vertical shaft device
9 axis are overlapped with the axis of axis hole 121;
3rd, substrate 1 declines under the driving of lifting drive 105, and the Digitizing plate 2 of substrate 1 is contacted with detent mechanism, leads to
Cross harvester and collect position of the detent mechanism top on Digitizing plate, reference coordinate is converted into respectively, is calculated by computer
Wheelbase between axis hole.
In further preferred scheme, the vertical shaft device in difference rotational axis hole, if there is the error of perpendicularity, wheelbase meeting
Change, the error of perpendicularity can be obtained by calculating, when beyond setting value, workpiece is as unqualified.Simultaneously along identical
Direction rotational axis hole in vertical shaft device, if there is parallelism error, wheelbase can change, by calculate can obtain
Parallelism error value, when beyond setting value, workpiece is as unqualified.
Embodiment 2:
It is different from embodiment 1 on the basis of embodiment 1, in such as Fig. 5,7 ~ 9, have multiple in described vertical shaft device
The top of detent mechanism is contacted with Digitizing plate 2, and multiple detent mechanisms are circumferentially arranged, the center of circle of circle where multiple detent mechanisms with
The axis of axis hole where vertical shaft device is overlapped.Digitizing plate 2 needs to support Multi-contact measurement in this example, due to right in the present invention
In the less demanding of measuring speed, thus realize multimetering be it is easy, using the mode being scanned line by line and by column i.e.
It can be achieved.It is preferred to use 8 ~ 36 detent mechanisms in this example.
In further preferred scheme, described detent mechanism is pressure sensor.
Measuring process is identical with embodiment 1, when Digitizing plate 2 and the tip contact of pressure sensor, is counted by being fitted
Calculate, you can draw the reference coordinate of each axis of axis hole 121, so as to obtain the wheelbase between shaft outlet hole.When the perpendicularity of axis hole 121
When meeting the requirements, it is in substrate 1 under horizontality, should be equal on the pressure sensor value theory on each pallet 8, such as
Pressure value on fruit pressure sensor, then it represents that the perpendicularity of axis hole 121 has error, if error exceedes setting value,
Then workpiece 12 is unqualified.By with friction speed rotating vertical shaft device, being computed that the parallelism error of maximum can be drawn, if by mistake
Difference exceedes setting value, then workpiece 12 is unqualified.By the structures and methods of this example, underproof work can be gone out with rapid sorting
Part, improves sort efficiency.
In another preferred scheme, described detent mechanism is displacement transducer, the circle of circle where multiple detent mechanisms
Heart position is provided with reference block 10, and the top of described reference block 10 is less than the top of displacement transducer.Preferred use in this example
Displacement transducer.By the Collapsible structure of displacement transducer, the error of vertical shaft device is compensated.
Specifically structure is:In described vertical shaft device, base 7 is connected with the second column 9, is socketed with the second column 9
With the axle sleeve 6 of shaft hole matching, the top of the second column 9 is provided with pallet 8, and pallet 8 is passed provided with multiple displacements being uniformly distributed along the circumference
Reference block 10 is provided with positioned at the position of the axis of the second column 9 on sensor, pallet 8, the top of described reference block 10 is less than displacement
The top of sensor.The edge for being located proximate to pallet 8 of usual displacement transducer.Using the design of replaceable axle sleeve, it can make
The vertical shaft device of the present invention is applied to the axis hole 121 of different pore size by changing axle sleeve 6, to expand being applicable for apparatus of the present invention
Property.When deployed, it is necessary to make return-to-zero to displacement transducer, i.e., when displacement transducer top and reference block 10 top flat
Qi Shi, shift value now is set to zero.Displacement transducer can use eddy current sensor or grating rule displacement sensor, the former
Measurement is convenient, and the latter's measurement accuracy is higher.During using displacement transducer, it can be negative value to measure obtained shift value, with pallet 8
The error between that the displacement sensor of the upper corresponding other end is obtained, as linearity error, after conversion
Error of tilt can be obtained.For the product of measure batch, directly can be according to linearity error without being converted into error of tilt
It can determine whether whether workpiece 12 conforms to quality requirements.
A kind of method measured using above-mentioned axis hole parameter measuring apparatus, is comprised the following steps:
First, multiple Digitizing plates 2 on substrate 1 are connected by integrated interface 3 with harvester 4, harvester 4 and computer
Connection, using a Digitizing plate as benchmark, obtains coordinate position of other Digitizing plates relative to benchmark Digitizing plate;Between Digitizing plate
Positioning can be by the clamping of substrate 1 on Digit Control Machine Tool, using Digit Control Machine Tool auxiliary positioning.
2nd, workpiece 12 is transported on levelling bench 13 by conveying device 14, lifting deflector roll 131 declines, workpiece 12
Reference plane is placed on levelling bench 13, in the axis hole 121 that vertical shaft device is loaded to workpiece 12, makes the second column in vertical shaft device
9 axis are overlapped with the axis of axis hole 121;
3rd, substrate 1 declines under the driving of lifting drive 105, the Digitizing plate 2 and detent mechanism of substrate 1, i.e. this example
Displacement transducer tip contact, in contact process, the measurement bar of displacement transducer is depressed, and Digitizing plate 2 directly falls in base
The top of quasi- block, so as to obtain accurate wheelbase parameter.
When Digitizing plate 2 falls on the top of reference block, now the measurement bar of displacement transducer is depressed, when each displacement sensing
The shift value of device is the null value after zero, then axis hole 121 is vertical with levelling bench 13, if there are different shift values, generally
The shift value of the relative positive and negative value at least one group displacement transducer position, then exist between axis hole 121 and levelling bench 13 and hang down
Straight degree error, if error is off quality beyond setting value, i.e. workpiece 12.
By with friction speed rotating vertical shaft device, being computed that the parallelism error of maximum can be drawn.Can be with by this example
Rapid sorting goes out underproof workpiece, and draws more accurate error value.
Pass through above step, perpendicularity, the depth of parallelism parameter of quick, the accurate wheelbase measured between axis hole and axis hole 121.
The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and are not construed as the limitation for the present invention, this hair
Technical characteristic in the technical scheme that bright protection domain should be recorded with claim, including the technical scheme of claim record
Equivalents are protection domain.Equivalent substitution i.e. within this range is improved, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that:Levelling bench(13)Surrounding is provided with multiple first columns(101), base
Plate(1)It is movably arranged on the first column(101)On, and can be along the first column(101)Slide;
Substrate(1)It is provided with multiple and workpiece(12)The corresponding Digitizing plate in upper shaft hole position(2), be additionally provided with workpiece at least
Two axis holes are corresponding and for positioning shaft hole(121)At least one in the vertical shaft device of axis, described vertical shaft device
Detent mechanism and Digitizing plate(2)Contact;
In described vertical shaft device, base(7)With the second column(9)Connection, the second column(9)On be socketed with and shaft hole matching
Axle sleeve(6), the second column(9)Top be detent mechanism;
Described substrate(1)It is provided with lifting drive(105);
Described lifting drive is cylinder;
Or described lifting drive(105)In, servomotor(1051)Pass through transmission mechanism and driving lever(1052)Even
Connect, driving lever(1052)Pass through transmission mechanism and the follower lever at two ends(1053)Connection, follower lever(1053)Two ends pass through pass
Motivation structure is with being installed in the first column(101)Rack(1054)Engagement connection.
2. a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Have multiple in described vertical shaft device
Detent mechanism and Digitizing plate(2)Contact, multiple detent mechanisms are circumferentially arranged, the center of circle of circle and vertical shaft where multiple detent mechanisms
The axis of axis hole where device is overlapped.
3. a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that:Described detent mechanism is pressure
Force snesor.
4. a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that:Described detent mechanism is position
Displacement sensor, the home position of circle is provided with reference block where multiple detent mechanisms(10), described reference block(10)Top
Less than the top of displacement transducer.
5. a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described substrate(1)With steel wire rope
(103)One end connection, steel wire rope(103)The other end and counterweight(104)Connection, steel wire rope(103)Bypass and stood positioned at first
Post(101)The pulley on top(102).
6. a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:In described vertical shaft device, second
Column(9)Top be provided with pallet(8), pallet(8)It is provided with multiple displacement transducers being uniformly distributed along the circumference, pallet(8)It is upper
In the second column(9)The position of axis is provided with reference block(10), described reference block(10)Top less than displacement transducer
Top.
7. a kind of axis hole parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described levelling bench(13)On set
There is liftable lifting deflector roll(131)And limited block(132).
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CN104764394B true CN104764394B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
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CN111928751B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2021-09-07 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | Detection device based on computer control |
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CN104990494A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-10-21 | 三峡大学 | Apparatus of rapidly measuring axle hole parameters and measurement method |
CN105823413A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-08-03 | 三峡大学 | Device for quickly measuring shaft hole parameters and measuring method |
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CN102007366A (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2011-04-06 | 布鲁克斯自动化公司 | Multiple dimension position sensor |
CN103148777A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 中北大学 | Connecting rod hole parallelism detecting system and detecting method based on eddy current transducer |
CN103604402A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-26 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Interlamination diastrophism measurement device based on flexible touch screen |
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