CN104751342B - It is a kind of for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, this method extracts the merchandise news of each commodity, its unique identification data is used as after being converted to the data format of standard, merchandise news is subjected to matrix information coding, it is embedded in commodity or commodity packaging using the element in different pattern representing matrixes, and in more hidden mode.The each element of matrix is associated with the element algorithm of surrounding, and all merchandise newss and matrix information are stored into server database.When carrying out commodity tracing, the matrix information that can use in commodity or commodity packaging carries out matrix information decoding, traces to merchandise resources and information.Even if commodity or commodity bundle are equipped with breakage, the information bit that also can use association algorithm breakage carries out matrix information reduction, completes commodity tracing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the anti-fake trace-back technique fields of circulation merchandise news more particularly to a kind of for tracing the commodity of commodity
Information encoding-decoding method.
Background technique
With the trend of economic sustainable development and the marketization, the circulation of trade increasingly high speed and convenience.In Commodity Flow
During logical, the nonuniqueness for producing the information labeling of commodity causes commodity that can not trace in the circulation process, part dealer
Destruction imitated, to commodity mark to commodity, so that manufacturing enterprise has suffered huge economic loss.
Therefore, the problems such as how to can be traced during commodity circulation, solving stream goods and the falsifying of electric current trading product,
The problem of as domestic and foreign scholars' extensive concern, while also proposed many solutions to the problems described above, wherein anti-with laser
Based on puppet, label anti-counterfeit, ink the printing class such as anti-fake, these traditional method for anti-counterfeit, be easy to forge in commodity circulation and by
To artificial destruction, the effect of effective anti-fake and imitative falsifying is not achieved.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve retrospect merchandise resources, prevent the falsifying and forgery problem during commodity circulation, the present invention provides
A kind of merchandise news decoding method for tracing commodity includes the following steps:
Step 1: acquiring the information of commodity to be encoded, is converted into the data format of standard;
Step 2: merchandise news coding specifically comprises the following steps:
Step a: by the merchandise news of acquisition be converted into its one-to-one original matrix information, the original matrix by
At least two elements composition;Any a row or column both ends of original matrix are considered as Logic adjacent, so that original matrix is several
Become the figure being closed up and down on what position;
Step b: original matrix information is compiled using element each in original matrix position as a cell
Code forms encoder matrix, i.e., new element is added in each cell;Element conduct in each cell, in original matrix
Information bit, new element is as check bit;At least one element in original matrix is selected, on the value of check bit and the cell
It is associated in cell information bit in lower left-right position by the distribution situation of selection element;
Step 3: information representated by encoder matrix is embedded into commodity packaging or commodity;
Step 4: information storage;I.e. by encoder matrix information, original matrix information, merchandise news storage to server count
According in library;
Step 5: decoding according to the information that the algorithm of encoder matrix cell check bit in step 2 carries out encoder matrix,
Original matrix information is obtained, by the comparison in server database, merchandise news is obtained, completes retrospect.
Further, in the step a in step 2, the capacity of original matrix is determined according to the quantity of merchandise news, is made
It obtains each merchandise news and is uniquely corresponding to an original matrix.
Further, in encoder matrix, check bit value is equal on the cell up and down position in each cell
Cell information bit possessed by the total number of an element that is selected in original matrix.
Further, the component of the original matrix be 0,5, encoder matrix check bit can value 0 or 1 or 2 or 3 or
4。
Further, matrix information redundancy is also carried out in step 4, i.e., used original matrix information passes through certain
Rule extract from all matrixes that can be generated, and original matrix row and column is adjusted according to the merchandise news total amount in circulation
Numerical value, so that the original matrix quantity used only accounts for the sub-fraction of total original matrix quantity of all commodity.
Further, in step 1, the information of the commodity to be encoded is the authentication information of commodity, including the date of manufacture,
Produce serial number, production area.
Further, when commodity packaging breakage, in step 4, information decoding method specifically:
Step a: selection needs to carry out some cell of information bit reduction, and check bit is a (i, j), information bit
A (i, j) lose, information bit is respectively A(i-1, j in cell up and down), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1),
When its information bit A (i, j) loses, since A (i, j) meets following four equations:
A (i-1, j)=[A(i-2, j)+A (i, j)+A (i-1, j-1)+A (i-1, j+1)] mod X;
A (i, j+1)=[A(i-1, j+1)+A (i+1, j+1)+A (i, j)+A (i, j+2)] mod X;
A (i+1, j)=[A(i, j)+A (i+2, j)+A (i+1, j-1)+A (i+1, j+1)] mod X;
A (i, j-1)=[A(i-1, j-1)+A (i+1, j-1)+A (i, j-2)+A (i, j)] mod X;
Wherein, X is the element selected in original matrix;According to meeting some of condition and can solve in above equation
Damaged information A(i, j out);
Step b: repeating step a, and to needing the cell for carrying out information bit reduction to traverse, selection is for decoding
The most useful information, until solving all damaged information codes.
Further, in the step 3, each member in encoder matrix is respectively indicated with the pattern that can be mutually distinguishable
Element is embedded on commodity packaging or commodity.
Further, each pattern being mutually distinguishable is embedded into commodity packaging by the way of background graphics or shading
On.
Further, it if commodity or commodity packaging breakage are larger, so that the cell for losing information bit is excessive, will lead to
The equation group listed cannot be solved uniquely, then can only solve the information code of the damaged cell of part, remaining information code is only
It can be by being compared to obtain in server database.
The invention has the benefit that
Merchandise news is carried out matrix information coding by the present invention, and is graphically fixed on commodity or commodity packaging
On, each commodity are uniquely marked, it is beautiful and hidden.It establishes unified server database and carries out merchandise news
Storage, it is unified that merchandise news is managed, prevent commodity falsifying.The each element of encoder matrix and the element algorithm of surrounding close
Connection, even if commodity or commodity bundle are equipped with breakage, the information bit that also can use association algorithm breakage carries out matrix information also
Original completes commodity tracing.The invention enables commodity circulation process is safer, the interests of consumer and producer are ensured, there is pole
Good application prospect.
Specific embodiment
It is of the present invention a kind of for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, design concept are as follows: to extract each
The merchandise news of commodity is used as its unique identification data after being converted to the data format of standard, merchandise news is carried out
Matrix information coding, is embedded in commodity packaging using the element in different pattern representing matrixes, and in more hidden mode.
The each element of matrix is associated with the element algorithm of surrounding, and all merchandise newss and matrix information are stored to server database
In.When carrying out commodity tracing, the matrix information that can use in commodity or commodity or commodity packaging carries out matrix information solution
Code, traces merchandise resources and information.Even if it is broken also to can use the association algorithm equipped with breakage for commodity or commodity bundle
The information bit of damage carries out matrix information reduction, completes commodity tracing.
The present invention is described in more details below.
The invention mainly includes steps:
Step 1: the information of commodity to be encoded is acquired.
Merchandise news is acquired, and is converted into the data format of standard.The merchandise news should be able to embody commodity
Raw information, in favor of retrospect.Such as the authentication information of commodity, including produce date, production serial number, quantity, production area etc.
Information, and by determining sequence arrangement, form unique identification data of the commodity.
Step 2: merchandise news coding.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
Step a: original matrix information is generated.
The step is to generate information sequence by certain algorithm by computer, is carried out to collected information of goods information data
Matrix coder, and be associated with collected merchandise news, form the original matrix information of one-to-one relationship.
Original matrix is made of at least two different elements, and the arrangement in original matrix has corresponded to merchandise news,
And the capacity of matrix is determined according to the quantity of the included data information of merchandise news, so that each merchandise news uniquely corresponds to
It is encoded in an original matrix.
Be arranged at least two different elements be for the generation of next code matrix, if only a kind of element, compared with
The subsequent check bit of hardly possible realization is associated with information bit.
Citing, as shown in table 1, it is 3*5 that original matrix size, which is arranged, in the present embodiment, is made of 0 and 5 two kind of element, the square
Battle array has meant that some merchandise news.
Table 1
In fact, above-mentioned example is preferably element setting selection, and it is very intuitive, facilitate application.
Step b: original matrix information coding forms encoder matrix.
The information coding is using element each in original matrix position as a cell to original matrix
It is encoded to form encoder matrix.Encoder matrix after coding is mutually closed with original matrix and corresponding merchandise news
Connection, forms one-to-one relationship.
In order to enable the element of each element in encoder matrix and surrounding to establish correlation, any the one of original matrix
Row or a column both ends are considered as Logic adjacent, so that becoming the figure being closed up and down on geometric position from original matrix.It is former
Each element position is considered as a cell in beginning matrix, and new element, the member in original matrix are added in each cell
Element is used as information bit, and new element is as check bit.
The element at least one original matrix is selected, the value of check bit should be as the case may be and by selection element
Distribution set up certain corresponding relationship.
For example, in encoder matrix, the value of check bit can be with position up and down around the cell in each cell
The element number association selected possessed by information bit in the cell set.It is selected for example, the check bit value is equal to
The number of element, or than being selected element number N big or small N(N is natural number).
For example, the value of check bit is letter in each cell in encoder matrix, with surrounding eight in the cell
It is associated in original matrix possessed by information bit by the number of selection element in cell or up and down four cells.When
When number is respectively 0 ~ 8, it is respectively A ~ H that check bit, which corresponds to value,.
In order to facilitate understanding, then illustrate.
Original matrix shown in table 1 is selected, selects element 5, the value of check bit is equal to the cell in each cell
Around up and down in the cell on position possessed by information bit 5 number.Its coding step are as follows:
Step a: each unit cell includes information bit and check bit, and information bit is by the raw information comprising symbol 0 and 5
Code determines, thus generates original matrix.
Step b: check bit determines by the information code of surrounding, and each check bit is by its cell four information up and down
The number of " 5 " determines in position.If information bit be A (i, j), information bit is respectively A(i-1, j up and down), A (i+1, j),
A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1), then A(i, j) check bit are as follows:
A (i, j)=[A(i-1, j)+A (i+1, j)+A (i, j-1)+A (i, j+1)] mod 5
Above formula indicate A(i-1, j), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1) be added, and divided by 5 can be obtained containing
5 number (subsequent formula is similar).Thus the relevance between information code is established, generates the complete of encoder matrix according to above formula
Information coding.
Table 2
Specific association algorithm is chosen according to the actual situation or oneself is formulated, and details are not described herein.
Step 3: information representated by encoder matrix is embedded into commodity packaging or commodity.
The step is each element respectively indicated in encoder matrix with the pattern that can be mutually distinguishable, is mapped using coding
And laser hole mapping mode is embedded on commodity packaging or commodity.
Such as, comprising number 0,1,2,3,4,5 in encoder matrix shown in table 2, the pattern that can be mutually distinguishable with five kinds point
It Biao Shi (such as can not indicate symbol 0 with blank).
Preferably, the data information of encoder matrix can be embedded in commodity in a manner of background graphics or shading in packaging,
The appearance of packaging is neither influenced, and makes information than more covert.
Step 4: information storage.
The information storage, i.e., be stored in server count for original matrix information, encoder matrix information, merchandise news
According in library and interrelated.The server can should be accessed by internet.Encoder matrix will return pair after being decoded
The original matrix answered can obtain final product information by the comparison in server database.
Preferably, in order to save server data base resource, this step also carries out redundancy, the redundancy to matrix information
I.e. used original matrix information is extracted from all matrixes that can be generated by certain rule, and according to the quotient in circulation
Product total amount adjusts the numerical value of original matrix row and column, so that only to occupy all commodity always corresponding total for the original matrix used
The sub-fraction of original matrix quantity.
Theoretically, the information capacity of m*n matrix is 2m*n, therefore original square can be adjusted according to the total volume of commodities in circulation
The numerical value of battle array m and n, to change total information capacity.It in practical applications, can in order to reduce the similarity between each square matrix code
Selectively to extract data volume actually required, best defined mark according to the best regulation of setting from total data capacity
Standard is so that the otherness of each information intersymbol is as big as possible.Finally, the original matrix used only occupies total original matrix always
The redundancy of the sub-fraction of quantity, information can be very high.
Step 5: encoder matrix information decoding.
The matrix information decoding, is the inversely processing process of coding, is verified according to encoder matrix cell in step 2
The algorithm of position carries out the information decoding of encoder matrix, obtains original matrix information, by the comparison in server database, obtains
To merchandise news, retrospect is completed.
In fact, the outer packing of commodity is easy breakage during transportation, so that matrix information matrix is believed because being destroyed
It ceases imperfect, at this moment can be established an equation and be asked by operation method used by the information bit and syndrome encoded around damaged information
Solve the information code of loss.
It is illustrated for matrix shown in the table 2 below.
Steps are as follows for specific decoding algorithm:
Step a: selection needs to carry out some cell of information bit reduction, and check bit is a (i, j), information bit A
(i, j) lose, information bit is respectively A(i-1, j in cell up and down), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1),
If a certain position information bit A (i, j) is lost in information matrix, since A (i, j) meets following four equations:
A (i-1, j)=[A(i-2, j)+A (i, j)+A (i-1, j-1)+A (i-1, j+1)] mod X;
A (i, j+1)=[A(i-1, j+1)+A (i+1, j+1)+A (i, j)+A (i, j+2)] mod X;
A (i+1, j)=[A(i, j)+A (i+2, j)+A (i+1, j-1)+A (i+1, j+1)] mod X;
A (i, j-1)=[A(i-1, j-1)+A (i+1, j-1)+A (i, j-2)+A (i, j)] mod X.
Wherein, X is the element selected in original matrix, is herein 5;Meet a certain of condition according in above equation
It is a to solve damaged information A(i, j).
Step b: repeating step a, and to needing the cell for carrying out information bit reduction to traverse, selection is for decoding
The most useful information, until solving all damaged information codes.
In some cases, continuous multiple information bit loss in encoder matrix, as shown in table 3, wherein X1 ~ X6 is damaged information
Position, according to the operation method of coding, can list equation group:
A (1,3)=[A(3,3)+A (2,3)+X2+A (1,4)] mod X
A (2,3)=[A(1,3)+A (3,3)+X4+A (2,4)] mod X
A (3,3)=[A(2,3)+A (1,3)+X6+A (3,4)] mod X
A (1,5)=[A(3,5)+A (2,4)+A (1,4)+X1] mod X
A (2,5)=[A(1,5)+A (3,5)+A (2,4)+X3] mod X
A (3,5)=[A(2,5)+A (1,5)+A (3,4)+X5] mod X
Wherein, X is the element selected in original matrix, is herein 5;This equation group is solved, damaged information bit can be obtained
X1~X6。
Table 3
Damaged information number and position are uncertain in practical situations, therefore while establishing an equation should be according in step a
Operation rule traverses damaged grid peripheral information, and selection is answered in operation for decoding the most useful information, this process
It is repeated, until solving all damaged information codes.
If damaged information bit is excessive, will lead to the equation group listed cannot uniquely be solved, and also meaning that can only solve
Partial damaged information code, remaining information code can only be obtained only by being compared in the database using the redundancy of information
One raw information code, redundancy is higher, and reduction rate is higher.
The invention has the benefit that
Merchandise news is carried out matrix information coding by the present invention, and is graphically fixed on commodity or commodity packaging
On, each commodity are uniquely marked, it is beautiful and hidden.It establishes unified server database and carries out merchandise news
Storage, it is unified that merchandise news is managed, prevent commodity falsifying.The each element of encoder matrix and the element algorithm of surrounding close
Connection, even if commodity or commodity bundle are equipped with breakage, the information bit that also can use association algorithm breakage carries out matrix information also
Original completes commodity tracing.The invention enables commodity circulation process is safer, the interests of consumer and producer are ensured, there is pole
Good application prospect.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: acquiring the information of commodity to be encoded, forms unique identification data of the commodity, and is converted into standard
Data format;
Step 2: merchandise news coding specifically comprises the following steps:
Step a: by the merchandise news of acquisition be converted into its one-to-one original matrix information, the original matrix is by least
Two kinds of element compositions;Any a row or column both ends of original matrix are considered as Logic adjacent, so that original matrix is in geometry position
Setting becomes the figure being closed up and down;
Step b: coding shape is carried out to original matrix information using element each in original matrix position as a cell
At encoder matrix, i.e., new element is added in each cell, the matrix after coding and original matrix and corresponding commodity
Information is interrelated, forms one-to-one relationship;In each cell, the element in original matrix is as information bit, newly
Element is as check bit;Select at least one element in original matrix, the value of check bit and the cell position up and down
It is associated in the cell information bit set by the distribution situation of selection element;
Step 3: information representated by encoder matrix is embedded into commodity packaging or commodity;
Step 4: information storage;I.e. by encoder matrix information, original matrix information, merchandise news storage to server database
In;
Step 5: it is decoded, is obtained according to the information that the algorithm of encoder matrix cell check bit in step 2 carries out encoder matrix
Original matrix information obtains merchandise news by the comparison in server database, completes retrospect;
Information decoding method specifically:
Step a: selection needs to carry out some cell of information bit reduction, and check bit is a (i, j), information bit A (i,
J) it loses, information bit is respectively A (i-1, j), A (i+1, j), A (i, j-1), A (i, j+1) in cell up and down, when it
Information bit A (i, j) loses, since A (i, j) meets following four equations:
A (i-1, j)=[A (i-2, j)+A (i, j)+A (i-1, j-1)+A (i-1, j+1)] mod X;
A (i, j+1)=[A (i-1, j+1)+A (i+1, j+1)+A (i, j)+A (i, j+2)] mod X;
A (i+1, j)=[A (i, j)+A (i+2, j)+A (i+1, j-1)+A (i+1, j+1)] mod X;
A (i, j-1)=[A (i-1, j-1)+A (i+1, j-1)+A (i, j-2)+A (i, j)] mod X;
Wherein, X is the element selected in original matrix;According to meeting some of condition and can solve brokenly in above equation
Damage information A (i, j);
Step b: repeating step a, and to needing the cell for carrying out information bit reduction to traverse, selection most has decoding
Information, until solving all damaged information codes.
2. as described in claim 1 for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, which is characterized in that in step 2
In step a, the capacity of original matrix is determined according to the quantity of merchandise news, so that each merchandise news is uniquely corresponding to one
A original matrix.
3. as described in claim 1 for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, which is characterized in that encoder matrix
In, check bit value is original equal to possessed by the cell information bit on the cell up and down position in each cell
The total number of the element selected in matrix.
4. the merchandise news decoding method for being used to trace commodity as described in claims 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that described
The component of original matrix is 0,5, and encoder matrix check bit can value 0 or 1 or 2 or 3 or 4.
5. as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, which is characterized in that
Matrix information redundancy is also carried out in step 4, i.e., used original matrix information passes through certain rule from the institute that can be generated
Have in matrix and extract, and according to the numerical value of the merchandise news total amount adjustment original matrix row and column in circulation, so that used
Original matrix quantity only accounts for the sub-fraction of total original matrix quantity of all commodity.
6. as described in claim 1 for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, which is characterized in that in step 1,
The information of the commodity to be encoded is the authentication information of commodity, including date of manufacture, production serial number, production area.
7. as described in claim 1 for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, each element in encoder matrix is respectively indicated with the pattern that can be mutually distinguishable, is embedded on commodity packaging or commodity.
8. as claimed in claim 7 for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, which is characterized in that each mutual area
Other pattern is embedded into commodity packaging by the way of background graphics or shading.
9. as described in claim 1 for tracing the merchandise news decoding method of commodity, which is characterized in that if commodity or
Commodity packaging breakage is larger, so that the cell for losing information bit is excessive, will lead to the equation group listed cannot uniquely be solved,
The information code of the damaged cell of part can only be then solved, remaining information code can only be by being compared in server database
To obtaining.
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