CN104730021A - Method for calibrating non-dispersive infrared gas sensor - Google Patents
Method for calibrating non-dispersive infrared gas sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104730021A CN104730021A CN201310722182.9A CN201310722182A CN104730021A CN 104730021 A CN104730021 A CN 104730021A CN 201310722182 A CN201310722182 A CN 201310722182A CN 104730021 A CN104730021 A CN 104730021A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a calibration method, in particular to a method for calibrating a non-dispersive infrared gas sensor. The method comprises the following steps: selecting calibration concentration according to a target measurement range of a gas sensor; respectively introducing a standard gas with selected concentration into a gas chamber of a gas sensor and controlling the flow to obtain corresponding absorbancy; fitting the function relationship between the gas concentration and the absorbancy through a polynomial, and storing information of the polynomial into a signal treatment and analysis unit of the sensor; and carrying out multiple calibration on the specific gas sensor. According to the calibration method, the production efficiency can be improved; the calibration process is greatly simplified only by calibrating two points; the calibration result is high in reliability; an error caused by a standard gas generated by a gas mixing system can be eliminated; in addition, the production cost can also be reduced; and the complexity of a calibration tool is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of scaling method, especially relate to a kind of scaling method of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor.
Background technology
Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor has highly sensitive, long service life, maintenance workload, the advantage such as safe and reliable, is usually used in detecting methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, is widely used in the industries such as mining, agricultural, oil, chemical industry, medical treatment.Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor is theoretical based on spectral absorption: the specific infrared wavelength of gas absorption, gas concentration is directly proportional to the amount of infrared light of absorption, namely meets Lambert-Beer's law (Lambert-Beer Law).Lambert-Beer's law is light absorption philosophy, it is the foundation that absorption spectroscopy carries out quantitative test, Lambert-Beer's law: the monochromatic light met when a branch of parallel, wavelength perpendicular through uniform extinction material medium after, the absorbance A of extinction material is directly proportional to extinction material concentration c in medium and absorber thickness b, namely
A＝Kbc
Extinction material concentration
But desirable monochromatic light can not be obtained under prior art condition, but there is the monochromatic light of a wavelength range.Suppose that total intensity is 1
0incident beam, be incorporated in the wavelength coverage that the spectral bandwidth △ of incident light enters
1with enter
2the light of two kinds of wavelength, to entering
1with enter
2if its absorbance is respectively A
1and A
2have
I
0＝I
01+I
02
Because
So
If within the scope of this, the equal K of absorptivity
1=K
2=K, so has
Know from above formula, A and c is linear, illustrates and still observes Lambert-Beer's law.But absorptivity K changes with the wavelength variations of incident light, therefore K
1can not complete and K
2equal, therefore to the incident light of non-single wavelength, A and C does not form straight line relation, result in departing from Lambert-Beer's law.In addition, incident light not parallel, there is the physics such as chemical reaction, chemical factor between absorbing material excessive concentration, gas molecule and also can cause departing from Lambert-Beer's law.
Due to departing from Lambert-Beer's law, Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor needs to carry out nonlinear calibration before dispatching from the factory, existing scaling method is carry out multi-point calibration to each sensor substantially, generates unique calibration curve stored in the nonvolatile memory of sensor.
Multiple concentration gas has two sources usually: 1, buy from special production firm, but expensive; 2, use gas distributing system to produce voluntarily, price is lower, and can obtain any concentration calibrating gas, but gas concentration accuracy depends on gas distributing system, larger compared to Standard Gases error.So existing scaling method must do multi-point calibration to each sensor, there is gas and equipment cost is high, operation steps is complicated, precision is difficult to the drawbacks such as guarantee.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of calibration process and greatly simplifying, and the scaling method of the high a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor of calibration result reliability.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of scaling method of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor, and described Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor comprises infrared light supply, air chamber, infrared eye and signal processing analysis unit, and described scaling method comprises the following steps:
A, target measurement range according to sensor, choose multiple demarcation concentration;
B, get a gas sensor, pass into the gas of selected concentration in described air chamber respectively, control flow, control temperature, records the absorbance of corresponding gas;
The funtcional relationship of C, use fitting of a polynomial gas concentration and absorbance, is stored into described signal processing analysis unit by polynomial expression information;
D, concrete gas sensor to be demarcated.
Preferably, in described steps A, at least choose 2 and demarcate concentration.
Preferably, in step, the described demarcation concentration chosen comprises zero point, and in the described demarcation concentration chosen, Cmax needs the maximal value close to described range.
Preferably, in stepb, the temperature difference when gas of variable concentrations passes into described air chamber need within ± 3 DEG C.
Preferably, in stepb, the flow when gas of variable concentrations passes into described air chamber is identical.
Preferably, in step D, also comprise the following steps:
D1, pass into zero gas to described air chamber, control flow, obtain the original light intensity of this sensor and be stored into signal processing analysis unit;
D2, pass into Standard Gases to described air chamber, control flow, obtain the absorbance that this Standard Gases is corresponding;
The absorbance that the polynomial computation Standard Gases obtained in D3, use step C is corresponding, calculates the correction coefficient of described sensor, and correction coefficient is stored into the signal processing analysis unit of sensor.
Preferably, described steps A, B, C arrange execution once to each model.
Preferably, described step D1, D2, D3 perform once each sensor.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, improving production efficiency, only need demarcate 2 points, calibration process simplifies greatly;
2, save production cost, only need use zero cheap gas and a kind of Standard Gases, decrease kind and the consumption of gas, and the complexity of demarcating frock can be simplified, reduce equipment cost;
3, calibration result reliability is high, relative to the scaling method using mixed gas system, and the error that the gas can exempting the generation of mixed gas system brings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of identification method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of CO implementing method in Fig. 1
2the structural representation of non-spectral gas sensor;
The transmission plot of wavelength 4.26 μm of narrow band filter slices centered by Fig. 3;
The transmission plot of wavelength 3.95 μm of narrow band filter slices centered by Fig. 4;
Fig. 5 is CO
2infrared absorption spectrum;
Fig. 6 is the absorbance of sensor and the relation curve of gas concentration.
Main figure number explanation
1-infrared light supply 2-air chamber 3-infrared eye
4-signal processing analysis unit
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural attitude in detail, being realized object and effect, give explanation below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of scaling method of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor, comprises the following steps:
A, target measurement range according to sensor, choose N number of demarcation concentration c (N).
In step, demarcate points N and should be more than or equal to 2.
The demarcation concentration chosen comprises zero point; In the described demarcation concentration chosen, Cmax needs the maximal value close to described range, and calibration point should be uniformly distributed, and the scope planted agent high in accuracy requirement is suitably intensive, and the scope low in accuracy requirement can be relatively sparse.
B, get a gas sensor, in described air chamber, pass into the gas of selected N kind concentration respectively, control flow is F, and control temperature is T, records the absorbance A (N) of corresponding gas.
In stepb, the temperature difference when gas of variable concentrations passes into described air chamber need within ± 3 DEG C.In addition, in stepb, the flow when gas of N kind variable concentrations passes into described air chamber is identical.
The funtcional relationship c=f (A) of C, use fitting of a polynomial gas concentration c and absorbance A, is stored into described signal processing analysis unit 4 by polynomial expression information.
In step C, polynomial expression information can be following form:
1, polynomial coefficient;
The look-up table of the corresponding gas concentration c of the absorbance A 2, obtained by polynomial computation;
3, piecewise linear interpolation method is used to approach a series of turning point obtained or the straight line coefficient be made up of turning point to polynomial curve.
D, concrete gas sensor to be demarcated.
In step D, also comprise the following steps:
D1, pass into zero gas to described air chamber, control flow is F, obtains the original light intensity I of this sensor
0and be stored into signal processing analysis unit;
D2, pass into Standard Gases C to described air chamber, control flow is F, obtains the absorbance A that this Standard Gases is corresponding
c;
The polynomial expression c=f (C) obtained in D3, use step C calculates absorbance A corresponding to Standard Gases
cC, calculate the correction coefficient K of this gas sensor
c=A
cC/ A
c, and claim correction coefficient K
cbe stored into the signal processing analysis unit of sensor, obtain actual calibration curve c=f (K
ca).
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of scaling method of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor, and described steps A, B, C arrange execution once to each model.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of scaling method of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor, and described step D1, D2, D3 perform once each sensor.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of CO for implementing method described in Fig. 1 of providing of the embodiment of the present invention
2the structural representation of non-spectral gas sensor, comprises infrared light supply 1, air chamber 2, infrared eye 3 and signal processing analysis unit 4.
The infrared light that infrared light supply 1 is launched is through being received by infrared eye 3 after air chamber 2, and light signal is converted to input signal processing and analysis unit 4 after electric signal by infrared eye 3.Infrared light supply 1 is electrical modulation pulsation blackbody source, and with catoptron, its optical wavelength range of launching is 2 ~ 14 μm, and modulating frequency is maximum reaches 100Hz, and in the present embodiment, modulation of source frequency is 16Hz.Infrared eye 3 is binary channels detectors, comprise a Measurement channel and a reference channel, Measurement channel is made up of the narrow band pass filter of centre wavelength 4.26 μm and the rpyroelectric infrared detecting unit of band thermal compensation, reference channel is made up of the narrow band pass filter of a centre wavelength 3.95 μm and the rpyroelectric infrared detecting unit of band thermal compensation, and infrared light is first irradiated to infrared detection unit respectively by after arrowband mating plate.Signal processing analysis unit 4, comprises signal amplification filtering rectification circuit, MCU, ROM storer etc., and the electric signal that infrared eye 4 exports, through the process of amplification filtering rectification circuit, is sampled feeding MCU and carries out analytical calculation; CO
2the demarcation information of non-spectral gas sensor is stored in ROM storer.
Fig. 3 is the transmission plot of centre wavelength 4.26 μm of narrow band filter slices, and 4.26 μm of narrow band filter slice centre wavelengths are 4.26 μm, halfwidth 180nm.
Fig. 4 is the transmission plot of centre wavelength 3.95 μm of narrow band filter slices, and 3.95 μm of narrow band filter slice centre wavelengths are 3.95 μm, halfwidth 90nm.
Fig. 5 is CO
2infrared absorption spectrum, CO
2absorption region at 4.15 ~ 4.45 μm, composition graphs 3 and Fig. 4 known, the output signal of the Measurement channel of infrared eye 3 has reacted CO
2the change of concentration, reference channel is not by CO
2the impact of concentration change, reaction be infrared eye 3 impact by the factor such as temperature, intensity of light source change.The light intensity of binary channels detector can use alternative, can effectively reduce sensor by light source ages, the impact of the extraneous factors such as temperature variation, improves long-time stability and the temperature stability of sensor.
The CO that the embodiment of the present invention provides
2the measurement range of sensor is 0 ~ 15%, and its calibration process is as follows:
1, choose 16 calibration points, gas comprises zero gas, and other gases are the Standard Gases of 1% to 15%, and concentration interval is 1%;
2, get a signal and adjust suitable sensor as standard transducer, zero gas is passed into CO
2in the air chamber of sensor, flow control is at 1.5L/min, and temperature controls, at 25 DEG C, to read the signal intensity I of Measurement channel after signal stabilization
cO2 (0)with the signal intensity I of reference channel
ref (0), by formula I=I
cO2/ I
refobtain raw intensity values I
0; Then by passing into 1%, 2% successively by concentration level ..., the gas of 15%, obtains corresponding light intensity I
1, I
2..., I
15, by A=log (I
0/ I) calculate corresponding absorbance A
1, A
2..., A
15,sensor absorbance respective value under variable concentrations can see the following form 1;
Table 1
3, according to the data in table 1, excel matching absorbance and CO is used
2the relation curve of concentration, better according to the effect of coefficient R 2, R2 more close to 1 matching of fitting result, use 4 order polynomial matchings, the matched curve obtained as shown in Figure 6, polynomial expression: f (x)=2142.6x
4-1086x
3+ 261.68x
2+ 4.1728x, coefficient R 2=0.9991.In order to reduce the operand of MCU in sensor, use beeline approaching matched curve, curve is chosen a series of end points, between adjacent end points, is linked to be a section straight line, the principle that end points is chosen is that the part that rate of curve is little is sparse, and the part that rate of curve is large is intensive.By absorbance corresponding for end points and CO
2concentration makes a look-up table (table 2), stored in the ROM of sensor;
Table 2
4, get a sensor to be calibrated, zero gas is passed into this CO
2in the air chamber of sensor, flow control is at 1.5L/min, and temperature controls, at 25 DEG C, to obtain raw intensity values I
0 1;
5,5% gas is passed into CO to be calibrated
2in the air chamber of sensor, flow control is at 1.5L/min, and temperature controls, at 25 DEG C, to obtain light intensity value I
5 1, by formula A
c=log
10(I
0 1/ I
5 1) calculate corresponding absorbance A
c=0.213685, the absorbance A of standard transducer
cC=0.17751, the correction coefficient K of this sensor
c=A
cC/ A
c=0.83071, by this coefficient stored in the ROM of sensor;
6, calibrated sensor is when measuring unknown concentration gas concentration, first the absorbance recorded is multiplied by the correction coefficient K of this sensor
cbe normalized, use the absorbance after normalization, find the immediate upper and lower end points with this absorbance by look-up table 2, the straight line consisted of these two end points calculates concentration value corresponding to this absorbance of recording, and this concentration value is gas concentration value to be measured.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a scaling method for Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor, comprises the following steps:
A, target measurement range according to sensor, choose multiple demarcation concentration;
B, get a gas sensor, pass into the gas of selected concentration in described air chamber respectively, control flow, control temperature, records the absorbance of corresponding gas;
The funtcional relationship of C, use fitting of a polynomial gas concentration and absorbance, is stored into described signal processing analysis unit by polynomial expression information;
D, concrete gas sensor to be demarcated.
2. the scaling method of a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described steps A, at least chooses 2 and demarcates concentration.
3. the scaling method of a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step, the described demarcation concentration chosen comprises zero point.
4. the scaling method of a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in step, in the described demarcation concentration chosen, Cmax needs the maximal value close to described transducer range.
5. the scaling method of a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in stepb, the temperature difference when gas of variable concentrations passes into described air chamber need within ± 3 DEG C.
6. the scaling method of a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in stepb, the flow when gas of variable concentrations passes into described air chamber is identical.
7. the scaling method of a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in step D, also comprise the following steps:
D1, pass into zero gas to described air chamber, control flow, obtain the original light intensity of this sensor and be stored into signal processing analysis unit;
D2, pass into Standard Gases to described air chamber, control flow, obtain the absorbance that this Standard Gases is corresponding;
The absorbance that the polynomial computation Standard Gases obtained in D3, use step C is corresponding, calculates the correction coefficient of described sensor, and correction coefficient is stored into the signal processing analysis unit of sensor.
8. the scaling method of a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described steps A, B, C perform once the equipment of each model.
9. the scaling method of a kind of Non-Dispersive Infra-red (NDIR) gas sensor according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described step D1, D2, D3 perform once each sensor.
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Application publication date: 20150624 |