CN104696028A - Compressed air energy storage power generation system - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104696028A CN104696028A CN201510096319.3A CN201510096319A CN104696028A CN 104696028 A CN104696028 A CN 104696028A CN 201510096319 A CN201510096319 A CN 201510096319A CN 104696028 A CN104696028 A CN 104696028A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a compressed air energy storage power generation system which comprises a compression machine set, an air storage tank, an air heater, power generation equipment as well as a cold water storage tank, a middle cooler, a hot water storage tank and a preheater, wherein the compression machine set is used for generating high-pressure air through compression; the air storage tank is connected with the compression machine set; the air heater is connected with the air storage tank; the power generation equipment is used for generating power by using the high-temperature high-pressure air generated by the air heater; the cold water storage tank, the middle cooler, the hot water storage tank and the preheater are in end-to-end connection so as to form a circulation water path; an air outlet of the compression machine set can be connected with an air inlet of the air storage tank through the middle cooler, so that heat exchange is performed on flowing air and cold water; an air outlet of the air storage tank is connected with an air inlet of the air heater through the preheater, so that heat exchange is performed on flowing air and hot water. Due to the arrangement, the purposes of energy consumption reduction and power generation efficiency improvement are achieved, and meanwhile the compressed air energy storage power generation system is simple in structure, simple in method, remarkable in effect and applicable to popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system of power domain, particularly relate to and a kind ofly can carry out lowering the temperature storage and waste heat being carried out the high-effect compressed air energy storage power generating system of secondary utilization to pressurized air.
Background technique
From current Sci-Tech Level, compressed air energy storage technology (CAES) and pumped storage technology to realize the only two kinds of technology of electric energy large scale storage.Due to the general drought and water shortage in west area that China is vast, pumped storage technology cannot adopt temporarily, and therefore, compressed air energy storage technology becomes China, especially west area, carries out to wind-powered electricity generation the technology that large scale storage uniquely can adopt.
Compressed air energy storage technology has the application and development history of more than 30 years abroad, and today is still in safe operation.At present, the compressed-air energy storage power station having the Alabama power company of the U.S. to build in Macintosh (McIntosh) area in the power station run and the Huntorf compressed-air energy storage power station of Germany.
According to technical characterstic and the developing history of external compressed-air energy storage Power Plant Thermal System, mostly adopt following first generation technology: motor and generator are same drive motor, gas turbine is not with in system, co-rotation carried out by motor, compressor and gas expander, and turbogenerator inlet air heating is completed jointly by low pressure turbine generator exhaust heat and combustion-compensating device.
As shown in Figure 1, its main technical schemes is as follows: this system adopts linear chain structure, and compressor 17 is coaxial with turbogenerator 3, and the two shares a drive motor 60, is connected with drive motor 60 respectively by coupling 61.In thermal energy storage process, turbogenerator 3 and drive motor 60 are thrown off, and drive motor is motor, drag compressor 17 and work, in gas holder 1, carry compressed gas; In power generation process, compressor 17 and drive motor 60 are thrown off, and drive motor 60 is generator, and generator promotes turbogenerator 3 under the promotion of underground compressed gas, and drive electrical generators work, to grid power transmission.
But there is following shortcoming in this system: need to adopt external heat source to system additional heat, but do not recycled the heat produced in compression process.In addition, this system is not owing to adopting combustion gas turbine, and the useful power that fuel contains is not fully utilized; The total conversion efficiency of system can not be very high; Due to unit adopt is direct-connected form, main frame (compressor 17 and gas turbogenerator 3 type selecting limited, be unfavorable for the mass production of equipment.
In view of this, special proposition the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system, to realize pressurized air cooling storage, the object reducing storage cost and risk coefficient; An object is again, and this power generation system also has circulating water heating exchange system, utilizes, improves the object of generating efficiency with the heat secondary realizing pressurized air temperature-fall period to discharge.
In the present invention, concrete technological scheme adopted to achieve these goals is as follows:
A kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system, comprising: carry out air compressing the compressor bank generating pressurized gas, gas holder 1 that be connected with compressor bank, that store pressurized gas; Be connected with gas holder 1, carry out air to heat the air heater 2 generating high temperature and high pressure gas; The power generating equipment that high temperature and high pressure gas that be connected with air heater 2, that utilize air heater 2 to generate generates electricity;
Cold water storage tank 20, interstage cooler 18, hot water storing tank 19 and air preheater 4 that also comprising joins end to end successively forms circulation waterway; The air outlet of compressor bank is connected through the suction port of interstage cooler 18 with gas holder 1, and gas coming through and cold water are carried out heat exchange; The air outlet of gas holder 1 is connected through the suction port of air preheater 4 with air heater 2, and gas coming through and hot water are carried out heat exchange.
Further, described interstage cooler 18 comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange; The first passage two ends of interstage cooler 18 are connected with the water intake of hot water storing tank 19 with the water outlet of cold water storage tank 20 respectively; The second channel two ends of interstage cooler 18 are connected with the suction port of gas holder 1 with the air outlet of compressor bank respectively.
Further, described air preheater 4 comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange; The first passage two ends of air preheater 4 are connected with the water outlet of hot water storing tank 19 with the water intake of cold water storage tank 20 respectively; The second channel two ends of air preheater 4 are connected with the suction port of air heater 2 with the air outlet of gas holder 1 respectively.
Further, be provided with regenerator 30 between described air preheater 4 and air heater 2, described regenerator 30 comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange; The two ends of the first passage of regenerator 30 are connected with the air outlet of power generating equipment with air respectively; The second channel two ends of regenerator 30 are connected with the suction port of air heater 2 with the air outlet of air preheater 4 respectively.
Further, compressor bank is made up of a compressor 17 or multiple compressor 17 of contacting mutually successively.
Further, each compressor 17 is respectively equipped with heat exchanging pipe that cool compressor 17, Cooling Water flowing, the two ends of heat exchanging pipe are connected with the water intake of hot water storing tank 19 with the water outlet of cold water storage tank 20 respectively.
Further, also comprise and utilize pressurized gas to carry out the preexpanding device 50 generated electricity; The air outlet of gas holder 1 is connected with the suction port of preexpanding device 50, and the air outlet of preexpanding device 50 is connected with the suction port of air preheater 4.
Further, the pipeline be connected between interstage cooler 18 with cold water storage tank 20 is provided with the first water pump 62; The pipeline be connected between hot water storing tank 19 with air preheater 4 is provided with the second water pump 63.
Further, described air heater 2 comprises the tank body that axis horizontal extends; The two ends in tank interior space are respectively equipped with firing chamber and mixing chamber, and firing chamber is connected with the close side of mixing chamber; Firing chamber is front end away from one end of mixing chamber, and this end is provided with the nozzle of air supply entered for combustion gas and high-pressure air; The sidewall of firing chamber is arranged arranged along tank body axis at intervals by multiple row, adjustment flame direction, firing chamber, for pressurized gas flow into directional nozzle; The each directional nozzle axes intersect at least arranged near rear end, firing chamber one is in tank body axis place, and the flame making firing chamber spray into mixing chamber sprays along tank body axial direction.
Further, the two ends of the first passage of air preheater 4 are respectively equipped with three-way valve, one of them three-way valve is connected with the air outlet of power generating equipment with the water intake of cold water storage tank 20 respectively, and another three-way valve is connected with air with the water outlet of hot water storing tank 19 respectively.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system, to realize multistage, the many level compression to air, to improve the object of generating efficiency; Also an object is, this power generation system also have multiple and and/or multiple power generating equipments of series connection, reach and make each power generating equipment carry out the object of corresponding work, with the object realizing improving pressurized air utilization efficiency, increase generating efficiency according to pressurized air operating mode.
For achieving the above object, following technological scheme is adopted:
A kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system, comprising: carry out air compressing the compressor bank generating pressurized gas, gas holder 1 that be connected with compressor bank, that store pressurized gas; Be connected with gas holder 1, carry out air to heat the air heater 2 generating high temperature and high pressure gas; The power generating equipment that high temperature and high pressure gas that be connected with air heater 2, that utilize air heater to generate generates electricity; Compressor bank is made up of multiple compressor 17 of contacting mutually successively; Power generating equipment is made up of the turbogenerator 3 of multiple series winding and/or parallel connection mutually successively.
Further, the cold water storage tank 20, interstage cooler 18, hot water storing tank 19 and the air preheater 4 that join end to end successively and form circulation waterway is also comprised; The air outlet of compressor bank is connected through the suction port of interstage cooler 18 with gas holder 1, and gas coming through and cold water are carried out heat exchange; The air outlet of gas holder 1 is connected through the suction port of air preheater 4 with air heater 2, and gas coming through and hot water are carried out heat exchange.
Further, the suction port of each compressor 17 is connected with the air outlet of upper level compressor 17 respectively, air outlet is connected with the suction port of next stage compressor 17 respectively; The suction port of the compressor 17 of most higher level is connected with air, and the air outlet of the compressor 17 of most subordinate is connected with interstage cooler 18.
Further, the air outlet of each compressor 17 is connected with the suction port of next stage compressor 17 with the suction port of interstage cooler 18 through three-way valve respectively; The suction port of each compressor 17 is connected with the air outlet of upper level compressor 17 with the air outlet of interstage cooler 18 through three-way valve respectively.
Further, the multiple compressors 17 forming compressor bank share same drive motor 60.
Further, compressor 17 is respectively equipped with heat exchanging pipe that cool compressor, Cooling Water flowing, the two ends of heat exchanging pipe are connected with the water intake of hot water storing tank 19 with the water outlet of cold water storage tank 20 respectively.
Further, the suction port of each turbogenerator 3 is connected with the air outlet of upper level turbogenerator 3 respectively; The suction port of the turbogenerator 3 of most higher level is connected with the air outlet of air heater 2, and the air outlet of the turbogenerator 17 of most subordinate is connected with venting gas appliance and/or air.
Further, each turbogenerator 3 is respectively equipped with heat exchanging pipe that cool turbogenerator 3, Cooling Water flowing, the two ends of heat exchanging pipe are respectively cooling water intake and coolant outlet.
Further, be provided with regenerator 30 between described air preheater 4 and air heater 2, described regenerator 30 comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange; The two ends of the first passage of regenerator 30 are connected with the coolant outlet of each turbogenerator 3 with the water intake of cold water storage tank 20 respectively, or the two ends of the first passage of regenerator 30 are connected with air with the air outlet of each turbogenerator 3 respectively; The second channel two ends of regenerator 30 are connected with the suction port of air heater 2 with the air outlet of air preheater 4 respectively.
Further, the cooling water intake of each turbogenerator 3 is connected with cold water storage tank 20 respectively.
Adopt technique scheme, the present invention is compared with the advantage of prior art:
Add a cold water storage tank and a hot water storing tank, preexpanding device, a regenerator in systems in which, the maximum difference of compressed-air energy-storage system and traditional energy-storage system is to lower to greatest extent useful power contained in system external circle discharges heat, reclaims liberated heat in compressor compresses process.This system can obtain higher energy conversion efficiency.More more advanced than the theory of conventional compression air energy storage systems, because it takes full advantage of the heat produced in pressurized air process, the transformation efficiency of system is higher than traditional energy-storing and power-generating system by about 2%.Compare with traditional compressed-air energy-storage system, its conversion efficiency forces down about 8%.Its basic reason is that this system does not install gas turbine additional, and system composition is simple.Whole system of the present invention is a locking system, and wherein moisture does not run off, and by two storage tanks to the storage of heat cold, does not also have extra heat dissipation, the complete cascade utilization achieving energy.
In addition, the amount of rock gas needed for this system, than traditional energy-storing and power-generating system much less, the most important thing is, this system can adopt mineral substance fuel to heat, and is applicable to drought and water-scarce area.
In sum, compressed air energy storage technology of the present invention is specially adapted in shortage rock gas, lack of water arid area, is the power generation system that a kind of pole is applicable to China's national situation.
Meanwhile, structure of the present invention is simple, method succinct, Be very effective, is suitable for promoting the use of.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of compressed air energy storage power generating system in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of compressed air energy storage power generating system in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the compressed air energy storage power generating system of an embodiment in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the compressed air energy storage power generating system of another embodiment in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the chamber structure schematic diagram of air heater in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the chamber structure schematic diagram of air heater in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the chamber structure schematic diagram of air heater in one more embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the firing chamber cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram of air heater in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the firing chamber cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram of air heater in another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the firing chamber cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram of air heater in one more embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of nozzle of air supply in the present invention;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of directional nozzle in the present invention.
Primary component illustrates: 1-gas holder, 2-air heater, 3-turbogenerator, 4-air preheater, 5-exhaust pipe, 6-fuel charging-tank, 7-solar thermal collector, 8-holding vessel, 9-two-position three-way valve, 10-throttling arrangement, 11-the first pipeline, 12-the second pipeline, 13-the three pipeline, 14-the first fuel supply pipe, 15-the second fuel supply pipe, 16-kinetic pump, 17-compressor, 18-interstage cooler, 19-hot water storing tank, 20-cold water storage tank, 30-regenerator, 50-preexpanding device, 60-drive motor, 61-coupling, 62-the first water pump, 63-the second water pump, 21-firing chamber, 22-mixing chamber, 23-nozzle of air supply, 24-directional nozzle, 25-burner, 231-outlet nozzle, 232-the first suction port, 233-the second suction port, 234-mixing chamber, 241-sleeve pipe, 242-big opening end, 243-osculum end.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 3, invention describes a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system, comprising: air heater 2, air is carried out heating and generate high temperature and high pressure gas; Air feed equipment, for air heater 2 provides high-pressure air; For fuel apparatus, for air heater 2 provides fuel; Power generating equipment, the high temperature and high pressure gas utilizing air heater 2 to generate generates electricity.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present invention, a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system, comprising: carry out air compressing the compressor bank generating pressurized gas, gas holder 1 that be connected with compressor bank, that store pressurized gas; Be connected with gas holder 1, carry out high-pressure air to heat the air heater 2 generating high temperature and high pressure gas; The power generating equipment that high temperature and high pressure gas that be connected with air heater 2, that utilize air heater 2 to generate generates electricity; Cold water storage tank 20, interstage cooler 18, hot water storing tank 19 and air preheater 4 that also comprising joins end to end successively forms circulation waterway; The air outlet of compressor bank is connected through the suction port of interstage cooler 18 with gas holder 1, and gas coming through and cold water are carried out heat exchange; The air outlet of gas holder 1 is connected through the suction port of air preheater 4 with air heater 2, and gas coming through and hot water are carried out heat exchange.
In the present invention, described interstage cooler 18 comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange; The first passage two ends of interstage cooler 18 are connected with the water intake of hot water storing tank 19 with the water outlet of cold water storage tank 20 respectively; The second channel two ends of interstage cooler 18 are connected with the suction port of gas holder 1 with the air outlet of compressor bank respectively.Thus, make the cold water in first passage and the high-pressure air in second channel carry out heat exchange, to reach the object to high-pressure air cooling.
In the present invention, described air preheater 4 comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange; The first passage two ends of air preheater 4 are connected with the water outlet of hot water storing tank 19 with the water intake of cold water storage tank 20 respectively; The second channel two ends of air preheater 4 are connected with the suction port of air heater 2 with the air outlet of gas holder 1 respectively.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, compressor bank is made up of a compressor or multiple compressor 17 of contacting mutually successively.
In the present embodiment, each compressor 17 is respectively equipped with heat exchanging pipe that cool compressor, Cooling Water flowing, the two ends of heat exchanging pipe are connected with the water intake of hot water storing tank 20 with the water outlet of cold water storage tank 19 respectively.
In the present embodiment, the suction port of each compressor 17 is connected successively with air outlet, to form series arrangement; And each compressor is divided into first order compressor, high stage compressor successively from high to low along air-flow direction ... n-th stage compressor.
In the present embodiment, the suction port of each compressor 17 is connected with the air outlet of upper level compressor 17 respectively, air outlet is connected with the suction port of next stage compressor 17 respectively; The suction port going up most stage compressor 17 is connected with air, descends the air outlet of stage compressor 17 to be connected with interstage cooler 18 most.
In the present embodiment, the air outlet of each compressor 17 is connected with the suction port of next stage compressor 17 with the suction port of interstage cooler 18 through three-way valve respectively; The suction port of each compressor 17 is connected with the air outlet of air with upper level compressor 17 through three-way valve respectively.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, be respectively provided with an interstage cooler 18 respectively between adjacent level compressor, the second channel two ends of the supplied gas flowing of interstage cooler 18 are connected with corresponding two adjacent compressors 17 respectively.Thus, cooling process is carried out, to improve the utilization efficiency of high-pressure air to the air after every grade of compression.
In the present embodiment, the multiple compressors 17 forming compressor bank share same drive motor.Preferably, drive motor to be connected respectively with each compressor through corresponding coupling or to depart from, and can carry out work respectively or simultaneously to make each compressor according to actual conditions.
In the present embodiment, compressor 17 is respectively equipped with heat exchanging pipe that cool compressor bank, Cooling Water flowing, the two ends of heat exchanging pipe are connected with the water intake of hot water storing tank 19 with the water outlet of cold water storage tank 20 respectively.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, compressed air energy storage power generating system also comprises and utilizes pressurized gas to carry out the preexpanding device 50 generated electricity.The air outlet of gas holder 1 is connected with the suction port of preexpanding device 50, and the flow suction port of second channel of the air outlet of preexpanding device 50 and the supplied gas of air preheater 4 is connected.
Preferably, the air outlet of gas holder 1 is connected with the suction port of air preheater 4 with the suction port of preexpanding device 50 respectively through three-way valve, and the air outlet of preexpanding device 50 is connected with the suction port of air preheater 4.Thus, make the high-pressure air stored directly can carry out heating according to demand or heat again after generating in advance.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, the pipeline be connected between interstage cooler 18 with cold water storage tank 19 is provided with the first water pump 62; The pipeline be connected between hot water storing tank 20 with air preheater 4 is provided with the second water pump 63.Thus make the cold water in cold water storage tank flow to interstage cooler direction under the effect of the first water pump, the hot water in hot water storing tank flows to air preheater direction under the effect of the second water pump.
Embodiment four
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, the power generating equipment of compressed air energy storage power generating system by multiple phase and connect and/or contact connect turbogenerator 3 form.
In the present embodiment, the suction port of each turbogenerator 3 is connected successively with air outlet, to form series arrangement; And each turbogenerator 3 is divided into first order turbogenerator, second level turbogenerator successively from high to low along air-flow direction ... n-th grade of turbogenerator.
In the present embodiment, the suction port of each turbogenerator 3 is connected with the air outlet of upper level turbogenerator 3 respectively; The suction port of most higher level's turbogenerator 3 is connected with the air outlet of air heater 2, and the air outlet of most subordinate turbogenerator 3 is connected with venting gas appliance and/or air.
In the present embodiment, each turbogenerator 3 is respectively equipped with heat exchanging pipe that cool turbogenerator 3, Cooling Water flowing, the two ends of heat exchanging pipe are respectively cooling water intake and coolant outlet.
In the present embodiment, be provided with regenerator 30 between described air preheater 4 and air heater 2, described regenerator 30 comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange; The two ends of the first passage of regenerator 30 are connected with air with the air outlet of turbogenerator 3 respectively; The second channel two ends of regenerator 30 are connected with the suction port of air heater 2 with the air outlet of air preheater 4 respectively.Thus discarded waste heat carries out heat exchange to unburned high-pressure air, to improve the efficiency of power generation system after realizing utilizing generating.
Embodiment five
As shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the air heater 2 in the present invention is made up of an airtight tank body, and the two ends in tank interior space are respectively equipped with firing chamber 21 and mixing chamber 22, and firing chamber 21 is connected with the close side of mixing chamber 22.Heat for high-pressure air and gas fuel burning in firing chamber, enter firing chamber 21 combustion for mixed combustion gas and high-pressure air; Mixed gas after burning is mixed the temperature to regulate air heater outlet place gas by mixing chamber 22 with unburned pressurized gas.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, gas holder 1 Jing San Road pipeline is connected with air heater 2 respectively; Gas holder 1 is connected with the nozzle of air supply 23 arranged in the firing chamber 21 of air heater 2 through the first pipeline 11, to help combustion gas as firing chamber 21 combustion; Gas holder 1 is connected with the directional nozzle 24 arranged in firing chamber 21 through the second pipeline 12, and axis spontaneous combustion room 21 sidewall of directional nozzle 24 extends to suction port axial direction, with the direction of control combustion room 21 combustion flame; Gas holder 1 is connected with the mixing chamber 22 of air heater 2 through the 3rd pipeline 13, the nozzle of air supply 23 of mixing chamber 22 front end is connected with the air outlet of rear end, firing chamber 21, with firing chamber 21 is discharged, gas after burning flows into the 3rd pipeline 13, unburned air mixes mutually, with regulate air heater 2 the pressure of generation gas and temperature.
Fuel charging-tank 6 through the first fuel supply pipe 14 with in the firing chamber 21 of air heater 2 in the nozzle of air supply 23 that arranges be connected, enter the firing chamber 21 of air heat-transmission device after fuel is mixed with high-pressure air; Fuel charging-tank 6 is connected with the burner 25 arranged in firing chamber 21 through the second fuel supply pipe 15, and described burner 25 provides incendiary source for the inflammable gas in firing chamber and combustion-supporting air.Preferably, the inflammable gas stored in fuel charging-tank is LNG Liquefied natural gas (LNG).
Utilize above-mentioned power generation system to carry out a method for compressed-air energy storage generating, it comprises: high-pressure air and fuel are carried out burning and generates high pressure mixed gas, utilizes high pressure mixed gas to carry out power generation operation;
The concrete steps of carrying out burning at high-pressure air are as follows,
Step S1: spray into air heater 2 from nozzle of air supply 23 after first via high-pressure air and fuel mix; Meanwhile, the second road high-pressure air sprays to nozzle of air supply 23 axial direction everywhere along the sidewall of air heater 2 firing chamber 21, and the flame in firing chamber 21 is sprayed along firing chamber 21 axial direction;
Gas and vapor permeation after heating in step S2: the three road high-pressure air and air heater 2 heating flame room 21, the mixed gas that generation force value is 2.0Mpa, temperature is 500 ~ 650 DEG C, carries out power generation operation for power generating equipment.
By said apparatus and method, make air heater 2 can utilize high-pressure air simultaneously as the adjustment air-flow of combustion-supporting gas, the control air-flow controlling flame direction and adjustment mixed gas operating mode, reach the object that a gas is multiplex.Thus, the equipment of whole air heating system is simplified, meanwhile, utilizes the mode of heating of air heater 2 also comparatively stable, reliable.
In the present invention, electric field is in generating peak period, and utilize providing auxiliary power amount to drive compressor generate high-pressure air and store, the high-pressure air pressure value of storage is 2.1 ~ 2.3Mpa; Electric field is in the generating low ebb phase, and utilize the high-pressure air stored to carry out combustion heating and generate the mixed gas that force value is 2.0Mpa, temperature is 500 ~ 650 DEG C, turbogenerator utilizes the mixed gas after combustion heating to carry out power generation operation.Preferably, electric field can be any one in wind power plant, thermal power generation field, water generating field; Preferred further, electric field is wind power plant.Thus, overcome the larger problem of wind power plant generating fluctuating range, make the generated output of wind power plant be that comparatively level and smooth, a stable numerical value exports.
Embodiment six
As shown in figure 3 or 4, in the present embodiment, air heater 2 is made up of a tank body, and the two ends in tank interior space are respectively equipped with firing chamber 21 and mixing chamber 22, and firing chamber 21 is connected with the close side of mixing chamber 22, and this side is the rear side of firing chamber 21; Firing chamber 21 is front end away from one end of mixing chamber 22, and this end is provided with the nozzle of air supply 23 be connected with the first pipeline 11, enters firing chamber combustion heating for mixed combustion gas and high-pressure air.Preferably, firing chamber 21 and mixing chamber 22 are coaxially arranged; Preferred further, firing chamber 21 and mixing chamber 22 are all coaxially arranged with tank body, and the transverse section of firing chamber 21 and mixing chamber 22 is rounded respectively.
As shown in Figs. 5 to 7, in the present embodiment, firing chamber 21 front bulkhead is provided with a nozzle of air supply 23, and nozzle of air supply 23 is extra quality mixing nozzle; The mixed construction that described extra quality mixing nozzle is arranged by a nozzle tip 231, nozzle tip and the first suction port 232 and the second suction port 233 of being connected with mixed construction; First suction port 232 is connected with the first pipeline 11, flows into for high-pressure air; Second suction port 233 is connected with the first fuel supply conduit 14, flows into for fuel.
Thus be mixed with the mixed gas of air and fuel gas in the ejection of nozzle of air supply 23 place, make mixed gas directly spray in firing chamber 21, the ignition mechanism effect arranged in firing chamber 21 forms flame, to heat gas, generate high temperature and high pressure gas.
Preferably, as shown in figure 11, in the present embodiment, the mixed construction of nozzle of air supply 23 comprises a mixing chamber 234, and mixing chamber 234 is in spherical shape; Two, the side gas-entered passageway of spherical shape mixing chamber 234 is connected with the second suction port 233 with the first suction port 232 respectively, relative opposite side is connected with nozzle tip 231 through an outlet passageway.Two gas-entered passageways are connected with the upper and lower of mixing chamber 234 respectively, and outlet passageway is connected with the middle part of mixing chamber 234.
Due to, flow into high-pressure air in mixing chamber 234 and combustible gas from the first suction port 232 and the second suction port 233, formed in spherical shape mixing chamber 234 and easily form whirlpool, the mixability of high-pressure air and combustible gas can be improved.
In the present embodiment, the caliber of outlet passageway narrows to nozzle tip 231 direction gradually from mixing chamber 234, sprays into firing chamber after making the pressurized gas in inflow mixing chamber 234 and combustion gas mixing from nozzle tip 231 place.
In the present embodiment, the blend step of first via high-pressure air and fuel is as follows,
Step S201, high-pressure air and fuel flow in the spherical shape mixing chamber of nozzle of air supply, produce and rotate whirlpool, to mix under the effect of spheroidal sidewall;
The passage that step S202, mixed gas through holes footpath are narrowed gradually pressurizes, and spurts in firing chamber.
Embodiment seven
As shown in Fig. 5 to Figure 10, in the present embodiment, the sidewall of firing chamber 21 is arranged arranged along tank body axis at intervals by multiple row, adjustment flame direction, firing chamber 21, for pressurized gas flow into directional nozzle 24; Each directional nozzle 24 is all connected with the second pipeline 12, to make the second road high-pressure air in each directional nozzle 24 flowing in combustion chamber 21, reaches the object utilizing the high-pressure air control combustion interior flame as combustion-supporting gas to flow to.
In the present embodiment, each directional nozzle 24 axes intersect at least arranged near rear end one, firing chamber 21 is in tank body axis place, the flame making firing chamber 21 spray into mixing chamber sprays along tank body axial direction, avoids mixing chamber 22 Flame injection direction to offset causing gaseous state in mixing chamber 22 to differ the generation of situation.
As shown in Figs. 5 to 7, in the present embodiment, the transverse section of tank body can be arbitrary geometrical shapies such as circle, polygonal; The transverse section of preferred tank body is circular.Often row directional nozzle 24 at least comprises three directional nozzles 24; Preferably, as shown in Figure 8, often row directional nozzle 24 comprises four phase point places that four directional nozzles, 24, four directional nozzles 24 are in circular cross sections respectively.Often each directional nozzle 24 of row directional nozzle 24 is distributed on the same transverse section of firing chamber 21; Each directional nozzle 24 axes intersect often arranged is in same point.
Pass through said apparatus, the pressurized gas of ejection in each directional nozzle 24 are sprayed along the axis of nozzle, make the flame profile in firing chamber be out of shape under the control of each nozzle institute inject high pressure gas, be reached through the object of directional nozzle 24 control combustion room 21 flame.
As shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, nozzle of air supply 23 can be located at the center on front side of firing chamber 21, nozzle of air supply 23 extends along the axial direction of tank body, spurts in mixing chamber 22 after making the high-pressure air in flowing in combustion chamber 21 and combustion gas mixing along tank body axis.The axis of each directional nozzle 24 extends along the axial direction of corresponding circular cross sections, the intersection point of often row directional nozzle 24 axis is all on the axis of tank body, firing chamber 21 flame is sprayed along tank body axial direction all the time; Meanwhile, the flame sprayed on rear side of firing chamber 21 in mixing chamber 22 is still sprayed into along tank body axial direction.
As shown in Figure 6, in the present embodiment, the front end, axis spontaneous combustion room 21 of each row directional nozzle 24 can be obliquely installed in direction to the back-end.Preferably, the two ends, spontaneous combustion room 21, angle of inclination of each row directional nozzle 24 are to third side to increasing gradually; Preferred further, the shaft angle degree near the respective column directional nozzle 24 of rear and front end, firing chamber 21 is 0.Thus the pressurized gas making directional nozzle 24 spray can produce the Driving force of flowing on rear side of firing chamber 21 to the flame in firing chamber 21.Such as: as shown in Figure 6, firing chamber 21 equal intervals be placed with six row directional nozzles 24, be followed successively by rear end by front end, firing chamber 21: first row directional nozzle, secondary series directional nozzle, the 3rd row directional nozzle, the 4th row directional nozzle, the 5th row directional nozzle and the 6th row directional nozzle; Wherein the angle of inclination of first row corresponding transverse section relative to the axis of the 6th row directional nozzle is 0; The angle of inclination of secondary series corresponding transverse section relative to the axis of the 5th row directional nozzle is α; The angle of inclination of the 3rd row corresponding transverse section relative to the axis of the 4th row directional nozzle is β.Preferably, described α < β; Preferred further, α is 10 degree, and β is 20 degree.
When directional nozzle 24 is located at the center on front side of firing chamber 21, the mounting point of each row directional nozzle 24 can be as shown in Figure 8, four directional nozzles 24 are located at respectively four phase point places of circular cross sections, the directional nozzle 24 axis horizontal-extending respectively at two ends, left and right, directional nozzle 24 axis at upper and lower two ends vertically extends respectively, makes the axes intersect point of each directional nozzle 24 often arranged be in tank body axis place
In the present embodiment, under the effect of the second road high-pressure air, the flame in firing chamber sprays along the axial direction of firing chamber all the time.Multiple directional nozzles that second high-pressure air spontaneous combustion room, road sidewall is arranged spray in firing chamber, utilize the injection direction of the emitted dose control combustion interior flame of each directional nozzle.
Embodiment eight
As shown in Figure 7, in the present embodiment, nozzle of air supply 23 can also be located at the close upper end on front side of firing chamber 21, nozzle of air supply 23 extends along paralleling direction with tank body axis.The front end, intersection point spontaneous combustion room 21 of each row directional nozzle 24 axis reduces height to the back-end successively, is in tank body axis place to each directional nozzle 24 crossing point of axes near rear end one, firing chamber 21 row.Thus the front end, flame spontaneous combustion room 21 in control combustion room 21 is to the back-end along direction of arrow flowing as shown in Figure 9, and the flame making rear end, spontaneous combustion room 21 spray in mixing chamber 22 still sprays along tank body axial direction.
As shown in Figure 7, in the present embodiment, if set up system of coordinates with the vertical direction that the axial direction of tank body is x-axis, cross nozzle of air supply for y-axis, the injection parabola of flame meets following rule in the coordinate system:
x＝vt,y＝gt
2/2。
Wherein, v is the gas flow rate entered by nozzle of air supply in firing chamber; T is the entry time of gas in nozzle of air supply flowing in combustion chamber; G is gravity accleration 9.8m/s
2.
When directional nozzle 24 is located at the close upper end on front side of firing chamber 21, the mounting point of each row directional nozzle 24 can be as shown in Figure 9, four directional nozzles 24 are located at respectively four phase point places of circular cross sections, directional nozzle 24 axis of the left and right sides, respectively to surface thereof, makes the intersection point of four directional nozzles 24 be in the corresponding flame spray line shown in Fig. 7;
Can also be as shown in Figure 10, two directional nozzles 24 in each row directional nozzle 24 are located at respectively the place of phase point up and down of circular cross sections, two other directional nozzle 24 is located at the left and right sides of the corresponding flame spray line crosspoint shown in this transverse section with Fig. 7 respectively.Upper and lower two directional nozzles 24 are arranged along the radial direction of circular cross sections, vertical direction; Two directional nozzles 24 in left and right are arranged in the horizontal direction.
In the present embodiment, under the effect of the second road high-pressure air, the flame in firing chamber sprays along level and smooth recession curve, and sprays into mixing chamber along firing chamber axial direction.Multiple directional nozzles that second high-pressure air spontaneous combustion room, road sidewall is arranged spray in firing chamber, utilize the injection direction of the emitted dose control combustion interior flame of each directional nozzle.
Embodiment nine
In the present embodiment, directional nozzle 24 is made up of pure nozzle, and the pipeline that this nozzle is narrowed gradually by caliber is formed, and Large Diameter Pipeline end is connected with the second pipeline 12, pipe with small pipe diameter end is in firing chamber; Directional nozzle 24 is fixedly installed on the sidewall of firing chamber 21.The aperture of each directional nozzle 24 is narrowed from inside to outside gradually, with increase the pressure of injection air.
Thus, make each directional nozzle 24 high-pressure air can be spurted in firing chamber 21, for the flame in firing chamber 21 provides combustion-supporting air; Can also the shape of control combustion room 21 Flame, the flame that firing chamber 21 is spurted in mixing chamber 22 sprays into along tank body axial direction.
As shown in figure 12, in the present embodiment, the pipeline forming directional nozzle 24 is made up of telescopic tube, and the sleeve pipe 241 that described telescopic tube is set with connection successively by more piece is formed, and the internal diameter of each joint sleeve pipe 241 successively decreases from the inside to the outside successively.
In the present embodiment, the internal diameter of each joint sleeve pipe 241 narrows gradually, and big opening end 242 external diameter of each joint sleeve pipe 241 is not less than osculum end 243 internal diameter of outside adjacent casing 241; And the outer side wall of big opening end 242 of each joint sleeve pipe 241 and the madial wall of osculum end 243 are equipped with screw thread, make the big opening end 242 of each joint sleeve pipe 241 be threaded fixing mutually with the osculum end 243 of outside adjacent casing 241.
By being made up of telescopic tube by directional nozzle, so that adjust the length of each directional nozzle 24 in firing chamber 21 according to the charge flow rate in firing chamber, avoid that gas gross in firing chamber is less, the generation of the low situation of combustion efficiency; Meanwhile, avoid that directional nozzle distance flame is comparatively far away, control accuracy is lower, makes the generation of firing chamber Flame drift condition.
Preferably, the internal diameter of each joint sleeve pipe 241 narrows all gradually; Osculum end 243 internal diameter of each joint sleeve pipe 241 equals big opening end 242 external diameter of inner side adjacent casing 241; Big opening end 242 external diameter of each joint sleeve pipe 241 equals osculum end 243 internal diameter of outside adjacent casing 241.Further preferred, big opening end 242 and osculum end 243 internal diameter of each joint sleeve pipe 241 wait large setting, respectively so that arrange screw thread.
In the present embodiment, each directional nozzle 24 controls the solenoid valve that corresponding directional nozzle 24 sprays flow velocity with the pipeline that the second pipeline 12 is connected is respectively equipped with; High temperature camera is provided with, to monitor in real time the flame in firing chamber in firing chamber; Control unit according to monitor data, can adjust the solenoid valve aperture of each directional nozzle 24, and the flame injection direction in firing chamber according to demand, can be sprayed along desired trajectory.
Embodiment in above-described embodiment can combine further or replace; and embodiment is described the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not the spirit and scope of the present invention are limited; under the prerequisite not departing from design philosophy of the present invention; the various changes and modifications that in related domain, professional and technical personnel makes technological scheme of the present invention, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a compressed air energy storage power generating system, comprising: carry out air compressing the compressor bank generating pressurized gas, gas holder (1) that be connected with compressor bank, that store pressurized gas; Be connected with gas holder (1), air is carried out heating the air heater (2) generating high temperature and high pressure gas; The power generating equipment that high temperature and high pressure gas that be connected with air heater (2), that utilize air heater (2) to generate generates electricity;
It is characterized in that: cold water storage tank (20), interstage cooler (18), hot water storing tank (19) and air preheater (4) that also comprising joins end to end successively forms circulation waterway; The air outlet of compressor bank is connected through the suction port of interstage cooler (18) with gas holder (1), and gas coming through and cold water are carried out heat exchange; The air outlet of gas holder (1) is connected through the suction port of air preheater (4) with air heater (2), and gas coming through and hot water are carried out heat exchange.
2. a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described interstage cooler (18) comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange;
The first passage two ends of interstage cooler (18) are connected with the water intake of hot water storing tank (19) with the water outlet of cold water storage tank (20) respectively; The second channel two ends of interstage cooler (18) are connected with the suction port of gas holder (1) with the air outlet of compressor bank respectively.
3. a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described air preheater (4) comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange;
The first passage two ends of air preheater (4) are connected with the water outlet of hot water storing tank (19) with the water intake of cold water storage tank (20) respectively; The second channel two ends of air preheater (4) are connected with the suction port of air heater (2) with the air outlet of gas holder (1) respectively.
4. according to the arbitrary described a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: be provided with regenerator (30) between described air preheater (4) and air heater (2), described regenerator (30) comprises two passages that are separate, that can carry out heat exchange;
The two ends of the first passage of regenerator (30) are connected with the air outlet of power generating equipment with air respectively; The second channel two ends of regenerator (30) are connected with the suction port of air heater (2) with the air outlet of air preheater (4) respectively.
5., according to the arbitrary described a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: compressor bank is made up of a compressor (17) or multiple compressor (17) of contacting mutually successively.
6. a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: each compressor (17) is respectively equipped with heat exchanging pipe that cool compressor (17), Cooling Water flowing, the two ends of heat exchanging pipe are connected with the water intake of hot water storing tank (19) with the water outlet of cold water storage tank (20) respectively.
7. a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise the preexpanding device (50) utilizing pressurized gas to carry out generating electricity;
The air outlet of gas holder (1) is connected with the suction port of preexpanding device (50), and the air outlet of preexpanding device (50) is connected with the suction port of air preheater (4).
8. a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the pipeline be connected between interstage cooler (18) with cold water storage tank (20) is provided with the first water pump (62); The pipeline be connected between hot water storing tank (19) with air preheater (4) is provided with the second water pump (63).
9. a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described air heater (2) comprises the tank body that axis horizontal extends; The two ends in tank interior space are respectively equipped with firing chamber and mixing chamber, and firing chamber is connected with the close side of mixing chamber; Firing chamber is front end away from one end of mixing chamber, and this end is provided with the nozzle of air supply entered for combustion gas and high-pressure air; The sidewall of firing chamber is arranged arranged along tank body axis at intervals by multiple row, adjustment flame direction, firing chamber, for pressurized gas flow into directional nozzle; The each directional nozzle axes intersect at least arranged near rear end, firing chamber one is in tank body axis place, and the flame making firing chamber spray into mixing chamber sprays along tank body axial direction.
10. a kind of compressed air energy storage power generating system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the two ends of the first passage of air preheater (4) are respectively equipped with three-way valve, one of them three-way valve is connected with the air outlet of power generating equipment with the water intake of cold water storage tank (20) respectively, and another three-way valve is connected with air with the water outlet of hot water storing tank (19) respectively.
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| CN105135751A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-12-09 | 北京中科华誉能源技术发展有限责任公司 | Heating, electricity and cooling combined supply system based on heat pump technology and air compression and electricity storage technology |
| CN105863751A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Closed low temperature compressed air energy storage system and method |
| CN106438297A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Temperature-adaptive heat storage type compressed air energy storage system |
| CN109098953A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-28 | 同济大学 | Full backheat compressed-air energy storage method and full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system |
| CN110630467A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-31 | 东北大学 | Compressed air energy storage system and method capable of improving electricity-electricity conversion efficiency |
| CN111173579A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-05-19 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Expansion power generation experimental system and method with electric heating device as load |
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| CN104696028B (en) | 2016-02-17 |
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