CN104614503A - Rapid determine method for pollution degree of organic polluted places - Google Patents
Rapid determine method for pollution degree of organic polluted places Download PDFInfo
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- CN104614503A CN104614503A CN201410746975.9A CN201410746975A CN104614503A CN 104614503 A CN104614503 A CN 104614503A CN 201410746975 A CN201410746975 A CN 201410746975A CN 104614503 A CN104614503 A CN 104614503A
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Abstract
A related rapid determine method for pollution degree of organic polluted places comprises the following steps: step 1, preliminarily determining whether a place have volatile organic pollutants; step 2, arranging a soil gas sampling hole in the place; step 3, acquiring a gas in the soil, and performing on-site detection; and step 4, determining the pollution evaluation index value PI of the polluted place, and dividing the soil pollution grade according to the value. The method realizes rapid determination on the organic polluted place under the conditions of different places and different temperatures, and is applicable to places polluted by volatile organics. The method solves the defect that a conventional method for determining pollution degree of a place is long in consumed time, provides an effective approach for rapidly determining whether the place is polluted by organics on site, and also semi-quantitatively instructs the organic pollution degree.
Description
Technical field
One quick judgment method that the present invention relates to a kind of organic contamination contaminated sites degree, belongs to environmental evaluation technical field.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic fast development, the problem that soil is subject to Organic Pollution is on the rise.Organic contaminants in soil exists with gas phase, liquid phase, Adsorption Phase form usually.Because organic contaminant existing forms various in soil, migration pattern are very complicated, therefore judge whether there is organic contamination in soil qualitatively, and quantitative determination pollution level difficulty is very large.
Normal conditions, testing staff delivers to test in laboratory by after taking-up pedotheque, expends time in longer, the demand that can not judge fast in work progress.And in the process of transport, preservation sample, all may there is the possibility that volatile organic matter is escaped, cause the consequence that measurement result is more on the low side than actual value.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned Problems existing, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quick judgment method of organic contamination contaminated sites degree.
Summary of the invention: the present invention, by arranging soil gas thieff hatch in place, applies certain negative pressure in soil, controls the flow direction of Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil gas, then most of volatile organic matter can be collected.By the quick detection of portable photo-ionization detecting device (PID), using its reading as pollution evaluation desired value PI, as the method judging organic contamination contaminated sites degree.
Detailed Description Of The Invention: a kind of quick judgment method of organic contamination contaminated sites degree, step is as follows.
Step one, tentatively judges whether place exists the pollution of volatile organic matter.
With the kind of pollutant in soil for judge index, common pollutant is volatile organic matter, total petroleum hydrocarbon, heavy metal, this four class of inorganic salts.Two kinds for organic contamination above, after two kinds be inorganic pollution, therefore contaminated site can be divided into organic contamination and inorganic pollution two class greatly.By Data acquisition, in organic contamination place, volatile organic matter is easy to evaporate, and can be detected by photoionization detector (PID).
By modes such as Data acquisition, reconnaissance trip and personnel's interviews, specify whether this place exists volatile organic matter production, stack experience, or whether there is the accident of volatility organic contamination, or obvious organism smell can be smelt at the scene.If above 3 kinds of situations there occurs any a kind, then tentatively judge that this place may exist the pollution of volatile organic matter.
Step 2, arranges soil gas thieff hatch in place.
Employing engineering drilling machinery, arranges the gas sampling hole that diameter is 2cm in soil.The quantity of thieff hatch is determined according to field condition, must not be less than 2.The degree of depth in hole derives from two kinds: (1), according to the mode such as Data acquisition, reconnaissance trip, the degree of depth that may reach is polluted in estimation, and hole depth needs to be greater than pollution depth more than 0.3 meter; (2) according to place geological mapping result, hole depth needs the geology degree of depth being less than water-resisting layer place.Above two kinds of methods all require that hole depth must, on underground water table, avoid liquid and gas to mix.
3rd step, gathers gas in soil, detects on the spot.
Build the gas that gas gathering system is used for collecting in soil, require that gas flow is 100-200ml/min.The pressure of fluid is not limit, but requires that the flow velocity of gas can be stablized.Before officially drawn sample, first extract a certain amount of gas as well-flushing, extract 3-5 times that volume is this well actual influence soil volume out.After well-flushing terminates and after gas stability of flow, then carry out extracting gases sample with the sampling thief of teflon material, sample accommodating must not be less than 50ml.Seal sampling thief rapidly after having got sample, prevent air from entering.
Step 4, determines the pollution evaluation desired value PI of contaminated site, divides the grade of place organic contamination accordingly.
Gas sampler is directly connected to portable photo-ionization detecting device (PID), finally obtains the concentration data of organic gas.By using the reading in units of ppm as pollution evaluation desired value PI, each thief hole at least analyzes 2 samples, gets its mean value.The standard judged is as follows: PI < 50, place non-volatility organic contamination; 50≤PI < 100, there is slight volatility organic contamination in place; 100≤PI < 200, there is the organic contamination of moderate volatility in place; 200≤PI, there is serious volatility organic contamination in place.
Be judged as non-volatility organic contamination place according to the inventive method, the environmental quality in this place is better than this area's background value; Be judged as slight volatility organic contamination place, its pollution condition exceedes residential estate standard limited value, needs to start detailed site investigation and risk assessment; Be judged as moderate volatility organic contamination place, its pollution condition exceedes industry and commercial land standard limited value, needs to start recovery project; Be judged as the place of serious volatility organic contamination, its environmental quality is very poor, and pollution condition is serious, needs focus of repairing and monitoring.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention arranges soil gas thieff hatch at the scene, the soil gas collected is monitored on the spot, obtain pollution evaluation desired value PI by portable photo-ionization detecting device (PID), divide the grade of place organic contamination accordingly.To judge fast organic polluted soil at different place, temperature, be applicable to the place of being polluted by volatile organic matter.Patent of the present invention solves the deficiency of existing judgement contaminated sites degree method length consuming time, for judging whether to be provided effective way by Organic Pollution at the scene fast, the degree of organic contamination semi-quantitatively can also be described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is the quick decision flow chart of organic contamination contaminated sites degree.
Specific embodiments
Below by instantiation, the present invention will be further described, but be not limited thereto.
The quick judgment method of the retired contaminated sites degree in certain dyestuff factory, step is as follows.
Step one, tentatively judges whether place exists the pollution of volatile organic matter.
By Data acquisition, and personnel's interview, specify this place exists various organic dyestuff production, stack history, used raw materials for production comprise chlorobenzene, benzene, phenixin, 1,2-dichloro-benzenes, naphthalene etc.; Make an on-the-spot survey at the scene in process, can see that workshop corner exists significantly red, brown residual organic matter, obvious organism smell also can be smelt in scene.Therefore, tentatively judge that this place may exist the pollution of volatile organic matter.
Step 2, arranges soil gas thieff hatch in place.
Employing engineering drilling machinery, arranges the gas sampling hole that diameter is 2cm in soil.The quantity of thieff hatch is determined according to field condition, must not be less than 2.According to the mode such as Data acquisition, reconnaissance trip, the degree of depth subsurface 2m that may reach is polluted in estimation; In conjunction with the geological mapping result that neighbouring building site provides, geology degree of depth 7-8m below ground of this section water-resisting layer; The degree of depth of this underground water is at about 3m.In sum, the degree of depth of soil gas thieff hatch is defined as 2.5m.
3rd step, gathers gas in soil, detects on the spot.
Build the gas that gas gathering system is used for collecting in soil, before officially drawn sample, first extract a certain amount of gas as well-flushing, extracting 3-5 times that volume is this well actual influence soil volume out, is probably 1-2m
3.After well-flushing terminates, the variable valve of adjust flux meter, makes gas flow remain on 150ml/min, and stablizes 1-2min.Finally carry out extracting gases sample with the piston-type sampling thief of teflon material, sample accommodating is in 50ml.Be rapidly to outer push piston after having got sample, discharge a small amount of gas, to stop outside air pollution.Finally will seal sampling thief sealing, and prevent air from entering.
Step 4, determines the pollution evaluation desired value PI of contaminated site, divides the grade of place organic contamination accordingly.
Gas sampler is directly connected to portable photo-ionization detecting device (PID), with ultraviolet excitation VOC gas, the positive and negative ion of generation is detected, and finally obtains the concentration data of organic gas.Site layout project 3 thieff hatchs, 4 parallel sample got by each thieff hatch, the actual PI value that records is in table 1.
The pollution evaluation desired value PI that table 1 on-site sampling detects
According to the organic contamination contaminated sites degree criterion of table 2.
Table 2 organic contamination contaminated sites degree criterion
According to this dyestuff factory pollution evaluation desired value PI, being known by table 2, there is the organic contamination of moderate volatility in this place.Compared with traditional pollution level determination methods, the method is consuming time short, can judge fast really by Organic Pollution at the scene, and semi-quantitatively can also illustrate that pollution level is moderate, needs to start recovery project.
Claims (5)
1. a quick judgment method for organic contamination contaminated sites degree, step is as follows:
Step one, tentatively judges whether place exists volatile organic contaminant:
By modes such as Data acquisition, reconnaissance trip and personnel's interviews, specify whether this place exists volatile organic matter production, stack experience, or whether there is the accident of volatility organic contamination, or obvious organism smell can be smelt at the scene.If above 3 kinds of situations there occurs any a kind, then tentatively judge that this place may exist volatility organic contamination.
Step 2, arranges soil gas thieff hatch in place:
Employing engineering drilling machinery, arranges the gas sampling hole that diameter is 2cm in soil.The quantity of thieff hatch is determined according to field condition, must not be less than 2.The degree of depth in hole is determined according to field condition, needs under the pollutant distribution degree of depth estimated, on the water-resisting layer degree of depth.In addition, hole depth must on underground water table.
3rd step, gathers gas in soil, detects on the spot:
Build the gas that gas gathering system is used for collecting in soil, require that gas flow is 100-200ml/min.The pressure of fluid is not limit, but requires that the flow velocity of gas can be stablized.Before officially drawn sample, first extract a certain amount of gas as well-flushing, then adopt the sampling thief of teflon material to carry out extracting gases sample, sample accommodating must not be less than 50ml.Gas sampler is directly connected to portable photo-ionization detecting device (PID), with ultraviolet excitation VOC gas, the positive and negative ion of generation is detected, and obtains the concentration data of organic gas.
Step 4, determines the pollution evaluation desired value PI of contaminated site, divides the grade of place organic contamination accordingly:
By using the organic vapor concentrations data readings in units of ppm as pollution evaluation desired value PI, each thief hole at least analyzes 2 samples, gets its mean value.The standard judged is as follows: PI < 50, place non-volatility organic contamination; 50≤PI < 100, there is slight volatility organic contamination in place; 100≤PI < 200, there is the organic contamination of moderate volatility in place; 200≤PI, there is serious volatility organic contamination in place.
2. a kind of quick judgment method judging organic contamination contaminated sites degree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step one volatile organic matter be boiling point between 50-260 DEG C, under standard temperature and pressure (STP) (20 DEG C and 1 atmospheric pressure), saturated vapor pressure is greater than the organism of 133.32Pa.
3. a kind of quick judgment method judging organic contamination contaminated sites degree as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter of holing in described step 2 is 2cm, and vertical permissible variation must not be greater than 1%.
4. a kind of quick judgment method judging organic contamination contaminated sites degree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the gas gathering system in described step 3 comprises sampling pipe, metal adapter, air shooter, three-way pipe, gas sampler, gas meter, vacuum pump.
Sampling pipe is metal material, and lower end arranges perforation pipeline section and is collected to sampling pipe from soil for gas.The reliable metal joint in sampling pipe upper end connects gas conduit, and gas conduit is connected to and is arranged in ground three-way pipe air intake opening.Three-way pipe two ends are respectively gas conduit, and centre is provided with thief hatch.Thief hatch arranges sampling valve, before sampling valve closing, adjusting gas flow makes gas flow through sampling pipe reposefully; When sampling, open sampling valve, gas is delivered to gas sampler, realizes the collection that gas is stable.Three-way pipe gas outlet, is connected to gas meter by air shooter, flowmeter is arranged variable valve with adjustments of gas and pressure.Flowmeter outlet air shooter is connected to vacuum pump, and vacuum pump provides negative pressure for a whole set of gas gathering system.
5. a kind of quick judgment method judging organic contamination contaminated sites degree as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described sampling pipe external diameter 25mm, internal diameter 10mm, overall length 20cm, wherein lower end 10cm is the floral tube of perforation, and outside arranges the thick silica sand of 1cm, is closely wrapped on sampling pipe with filter cloth.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106825025A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-13 | 亿利生态修复股份有限公司 | Soil pollution processing method and equipment |
| CN107831286A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-23 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of underground water pollution fast diagnosis method |
| CN108845099A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-11-20 | 杭州臻津科技有限公司 | Intelligent detection device |
| CN109387401A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-26 | 上海环境节能工程股份有限公司 | A kind of analysis method that space enrironment tentatively samples |
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| CN109387401A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-26 | 上海环境节能工程股份有限公司 | A kind of analysis method that space enrironment tentatively samples |
| CN107831286A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-23 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of underground water pollution fast diagnosis method |
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Application publication date: 20150513 |