CN104579413A - TCAS, mode S transponder and ADS-B integrated RF (radio frequency) system - Google Patents
TCAS, mode S transponder and ADS-B integrated RF (radio frequency) system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a TCAS, mode S transponder and ADS-B integrated RF (radio frequency) system. The system comprises upper/lower antennas used for receiving and transmitting 1030MHz/1090MHz signals, a receiving module connected with the upper/lower antennas and used for conducting preselected filtering, amplitude limiting, amplification and radio-frequency signal processing on the 1030MHz and 1090MHz signals received by the upper/lower antennas, a signal processing module connected with the receiving module and used for conducting mode recognition and information decoding on the sampled signals and transmitting the decoded information to a data processing module for data processing, and a transmitting module connected with the receiving module and the signal processing module. According to the system, the TCAS, the mode S transponder, and the ADS-B are integrated, so that three functions are integrated, and one piece of equipment achieves three functions. The system is compact in structure and high in integration level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of TCAS, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B.
Background technology
At present, TCAS works based on secondary surveillance radar inquire/response mode, as ensureing that the key equipment of flight safety is used widely in civil aviation field, by monitoring the existence of other aircrafts in local ambient spatial domain, position and moving situation, when being close to traffic in spatial domain to make pilot according to the machine, initiatively take avoidance measure, to avoid the generation of Aircraft Air accidents.After the machine launches request signal, the answer signal of receiving target machine, parse the flight parameters such as target machine height, azimuth-range, compare with the track data of the machine and calculate simultaneously, draw the information such as the elevation rate of target machine, range rate, judge and the possibility that target machine bumps against, provide Traffic query (TA) and decision-making consulting (RA) suggestion.
S mode answering machine coordinates airborne TCAS equipment to coordinate collision avoidance to realize sky/sky, also coordinates with ground secondary radar inquisitor, to complete terrestrial air traffic control simultaneously.The uplink/downlink Data-Link of S mode may be used for air-ground bi-directional data and coordinates the exchange of collision avoidance information between the machine and target machine.The 1030MHz request signal that S mode answering machine is sent by antenna reception ground interrogation machine or airborne TCAS equipment, according to decoded result, carry out the encoding the response of corresponding modes, send modulator to form 1090MHz modulating pulse, then after transmitter and filtering through aerial radiation in the air.
1090ES ADS-B is that airborne vehicle or the vehicle that runs in flight range regularly send its state vector and other information, the catchword of air environment Auto broadcast flight, position, highly, speed and some other parameter, every 500ms broadcasts a positional information usually.In feeder liner or trunk line machine, 1090ES ADS-BOUT airborne equipment is realized by S mode answering machine usually, S mode answering machine obtains aircraft real-time position information and three-dimensional velocity information by GNSS satellite, obtain the pressure altitude information of aircraft from air data system, by by above-mentioned information and additional information thereof if aircraft identification, type of airplane etc. are to air broadcast.1090ES ADS-B IN airborne equipment can be realized by TCAS traffic computer usually, and the result after process shows by airborne CDTI, and pilot checks neighbouring spatial domain traffic by CDTI.
Traffic control airborne equipment field aloft, current industry is widely used is by the comprehensive monitoring system of the module compositions such as TCAS, S mode answering machine and independently TCAS, S mode answering machine and 1090ES ADS-B equipment, the novel surveillance that TCAS, S mode answering machine and 1090ES ADS-B tri-function synthesizeds are integrated only uses on the main-line-aircraft that part is novel, the timesharing that usual 1090ES ADS-B IN only realizes antenna or lower antenna receives, cover incomplete, there is part blind area.Due to the difference of hardware environment and channel design, traditional discrete TCAS, S mode answering machine and 1090ES ADS-B device resource are independent, and durability is low, and between equipment, crosslinked relation is complicated.In view of current technical conditions, the present invention is with reference to existing comprehensive monitoring system hardware circuit, by improving radio-frequency channel circuit structure, upgrade signal process and data processing software can realize above-mentioned functions, have and are convenient to features such as realizing, autgmentability is strong, technology is novel.
Summary of the invention
The defect that the present invention seeks to exist for prior art provides a kind of TCAS, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, this system utilizes antenna multiplexed and radio-frequency channel optimal design, to realize the Airborne Surveillance, Airborne Control equipment that TCAS, S mode answering machine and 1090ES ADS-B tri-functions are integrated.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopts following technical scheme: a kind of TCAS, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, comprise up/down antenna, and it is for receiving 1030MHz/1090MHz and launching 1030MHz/1090MHz signal; Receiver module, it is connected with up/down antenna, 1030MHz and the 1090MHz signal for being received by described up/down antenna carries out preliminary election filtering, amplitude limit, amplification and radiofrequency signal process; Signal processing module, it is connected with receiver module, for carrying out pattern recognition, information decoding to the signal after sampling, and decoded information is sent to data processing module carries out data processing; Data processing module, it is connected with signal processing module, is sent to external equipment for carrying out process to decoded information, maybe will the information of launching be needed to be sent to signal processing module, and realizes and interface communication crosslinked with the data of external equipment; Transmitter module, its input is connected with signal processing module, and output is connected with receiver module, for modulating the signal after signal processing module coding, amplify, decay, sends into receiver module by switching network; Frequency source module, for generation of the carrier signal needed for the local oscillation signal needed for receiver module mixing and transmitter module modulation.
Further, described up/down antenna comprises four antenna oscillators and the beam-forming network matched respectively.
Further, described receiver module comprises: the low pass filter be connected with corresponding antenna oscillator, the voltage bias unit be connected with corresponding low pass filter, the receipts be connected with corresponding voltage bias unit/send out switch, the preselection filter be connected with a corresponding receipts/switch, the amplitude limiter be connected with corresponding preselection filter, the low noise amplifier be connected with corresponding amplitude limiter, the radiofrequency signal processing unit be connected with corresponding low noise amplifier.
Further, described transmitter module comprises the modulator with frequency source model calling, the transmitter be connected with modulator, the numerical-control attenuator be connected with transmitter, the antenna selection switch be connected with numerical-control attenuator, and be connected with antenna selection switch 4 select 1 switch.
Further, described frequency source module comprises high stability temperature-compensating crystal oscillator, the phase-locked loop be connected with high stability temperature-compensating crystal oscillator, the voltage controlled oscillator be connected with phase-locked loop, the amplifier be connected with voltage controlled oscillator respectively and filter, the power splitter be connected with amplifier and filter respectively.
Further, described radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises power splitter, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 1030MHz filter be connected with power splitter, the the first low noise amplifier LNA be connected with 1030MHz filter, the 1030MHz radiofrequency signal A/D converter be connected with the first low noise amplifier LNA;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 1090MHz filter be connected with power splitter, the the second low noise amplifier LNA be connected with 1090MHz filter, the 1090MHz radiofrequency signal A/D converter be connected with the second low noise amplifier LNA.
Further, described radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises image-rejection filter, the frequency mixer be connected with described image-rejection filter, the power splitter be connected with described frequency mixer, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with described power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radio frequency processing subelement comprises the first intermediate-frequency filter be connected with power splitter, the the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with described first intermediate-frequency filter, the second intermediate-frequency filter be connected with described first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the A/D converter be connected with described second intermediate-frequency filter;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter be connected with described power splitter, the the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with described 3rd intermediate-frequency filter, the 4th intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the 2nd A/D converter be connected with the 4th intermediate-frequency filter.
Further, described radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises power splitter, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radio frequency processing subelement comprises the 1030MHz image-rejection filter be connected with power splitter, the first frequency mixer be connected with 1030MHz image-rejection filter, the first intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the first frequency mixer, the the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with the first intermediate-frequency filter, the second intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the A/D converter be connected with the second intermediate-frequency filter;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radio frequency processing subelement comprises the 1090MHz image-rejection filter be connected with power splitter, the second frequency mixer be connected with 1090MHz image-rejection filter, the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second frequency mixer, the the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter, the 4th intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the 2nd A/D converter be connected with the 4th intermediate-frequency filter.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
One, TCAS, S mode answering machine and 1090ES ADS-B tri-function i ntegration are integrated by the present invention, and an equipment realizes three functions, and compact conformation, integrated level are high.With reference to the hardware circuit design thinking of comprehensive monitoring system on radio-frequency receiving-transmitting passage, 8 receive channels are utilized to receive TCAS, S mode answering machine and 1090ESADS-B signal.Compare existing comprehensive monitoring system, receive process while achieving upper and lower antenna 1090ES ADS-B signal, avoid the omission of 1090ES ADS-B Signal reception, add covering; The upper and lower antenna of TCAS radiofrequency signal receives simultaneously, and the signal that signal transacting can choose upper and lower antenna as required flexibly processes, and existing comprehensive monitoring system selects the timesharing realizing upper and lower aerial signal to receive by switch.
Two, the radiofrequency signal processing unit of receiver module of the present invention can adopt high-speed a/d to carry out direct radio frequency bandpass sampling, and digital down converter is built in the fpga chip of signal processing module, due to without the need to using analog down converter and peripheral related device thereof, radio circuit is simple, digitized degree is high, equipment volume, weight also greatly reduce, and reliability is further enhanced.
Three, the present invention according to the different demands of application platform, can carry out antenna amount and receiving-transmitting chain cutting pattern, to meet the actual requirement of the different application platforms such as feeder liner, general-purpose aircraft, ground control point.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present system allomeric function block diagram.
Fig. 2 is embodiment one block diagram of radiofrequency signal processing unit in present system.
Fig. 3 is embodiment two block diagram of radiofrequency signal processing unit in present system.
Fig. 4 is embodiment three block diagram of radiofrequency signal processing unit in present system.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1, relate to a kind of radio system comprehensive based on TCAS, S mode answering machine and 1090ES ADS-B, it has the rf integration function not available for traditional discrete surveillance equipment, utilizes antenna multiplexed technology and eight radio-frequency channel transmitting-receivings TCAS, S mode answering machine and 1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signals; This system specifically comprises up/down antenna, and it is for receiving 1030MHz/1090MHz and launching 1030MHz/1090MHz signal; Receiver module, it is connected with up/down antenna, 1030MHz and the 1090MHz signal for being received by described up/down antenna carries out preliminary election filtering, amplitude limit, amplification and radiofrequency signal process; Signal processing module, it is connected with receiver module, for carrying out pattern recognition, information decoding to the signal after sampling, and decoded information is sent to data processing module carries out data processing; Data processing module, it is connected with signal processing module, is sent to external equipment for carrying out process to decoded information, maybe will the information of launching be needed to be sent to signal processing module, and realizes and interface communication crosslinked with the data of external equipment; Transmitter module, its input is connected with signal processing module, and output is connected with receiver module, for modulating the signal after signal processing module coding, amplify, decay, sends into receiver module by switching network; Frequency source module, for generation of the carrier signal needed for the local oscillation signal needed for receiver module mixing and transmitter module modulation.
In addition, described up/down antenna comprises four antenna oscillators and the beam-forming network that matches respectively, whether can load according to bias voltage, can the radiation of implementation space omnidirectional or directional beam.
Receiver module wherein comprises: the low pass filter be connected with corresponding antenna oscillator, the voltage bias unit be connected with corresponding low pass filter, the receipts be connected with corresponding voltage bias unit/send out switch, the preselection filter be connected with a corresponding receipts/switch, the amplitude limiter be connected with corresponding preselection filter, the low noise amplifier be connected with corresponding amplitude limiter, the radiofrequency signal processing unit be connected with corresponding low noise amplifier.
Transmitter module wherein comprises: with the modulator of radio frequency source model calling, the transmitter be connected with modulator, the numerical-control attenuator be connected with transmitter, the antenna selection switch be connected with numerical-control attenuator, and be connected with antenna selection switch 4 select 1 switch.
Frequency source module wherein comprises: high stability temperature-compensating crystal oscillator, the phase-locked loop be connected with high stability temperature-compensating crystal oscillator, the voltage controlled oscillator be connected with phase-locked loop, the amplifier be connected with voltage controlled oscillator respectively and filter, the power splitter be connected with amplifier and filter respectively.
In embodiment shown in Fig. 2, this radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises power splitter, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 1030MHz filter be connected with power splitter, the the first low noise amplifier LNA be connected with 1030MHz filter, the 1030MHz radiofrequency signal A/D converter be connected with the first low noise amplifier LNA;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 1090MHz filter be connected with power splitter, the the second low noise amplifier LNA be connected with 1090MHz filter, the 1090MHz radiofrequency signal A/D converter be connected with the second low noise amplifier LNA.
This execution mode uses high-speed a/d converter Direct Sampling radiofrequency signal, and in signal processing module, build the digital quadrature transformation device group replacement analog down converter.This embodiment is due to without the need to using analog down circuit, therefore analogue signal circuit structure is simple, digitized degree is high, good reliability, but due to direct RF sampling, to A/D transducer performance and power consumption requirements higher, along with the development and progression of technology, the power consumption control of A/D radio frequency sampling chip is after zone of reasonableness, and direct radio frequency Band-pass Sampling Technology will welcome to be applied widely.
In embodiment shown in Fig. 3, this radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises image-rejection filter, the frequency mixer be connected with described image-rejection filter, the power splitter be connected with described frequency mixer, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with described power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radio frequency processing subelement comprises the first intermediate-frequency filter be connected with power splitter, the the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with described first intermediate-frequency filter, the second intermediate-frequency filter be connected with described first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the A/D converter be connected with described second intermediate-frequency filter;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter be connected with described power splitter, the the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with described 3rd intermediate-frequency filter, the 4th intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the 2nd A/D converter be connected with the 4th intermediate-frequency filter.
This execution mode is with reference to the widely used down-converted method of industry, use Analogue mixer that radiofrequency signal is down-converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal, again after analog signal is converted to digital signal by A/D converter, send into the FPGA process in signal processing module.This embodiment circuit reliability is high, technology maturation, can effectively reduce development cost and cycle.
In embodiment shown in Fig. 4, this radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises power splitter, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radio frequency processing subelement comprises the 1030MHz image-rejection filter be connected with power splitter, the first frequency mixer be connected with 1030MHz image-rejection filter, the first intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the first frequency mixer, the the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with the first intermediate-frequency filter, the second intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the A/D converter be connected with the second intermediate-frequency filter;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radio frequency processing subelement comprises the 1090MHz image-rejection filter be connected with power splitter, the second frequency mixer be connected with 1090MHz image-rejection filter, the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second frequency mixer, the the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter, the 4th intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the 2nd A/D converter be connected with the 4th intermediate-frequency filter.
This execution mode is same with reference to the widely used down-converted method of industry, distinguish after the frequency mixer be in this programme is arranged in power splitter with the embodiment described in Fig. 3, namely S mode answering machine signal transacting subelement and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B signal transacting subelement respectively need a frequency mixer that radiofrequency signal is down-converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal, image rejection performance is better, and before the frequency mixer of embodiment described in Fig. 3 is arranged in power splitter, whole unit only needs a frequency mixer.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. TCAS, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, is characterized in that: comprise up/down antenna, and it is for receiving 1030MHz/1090MHz and launching 1030MHz/1090MHz signal; Receiver module, it is connected with up/down antenna, 1030MHz and the 1090MHz signal for being received by described up/down antenna carries out preliminary election filtering, amplitude limit, amplification and radiofrequency signal process; Signal processing module, it is connected with receiver module, for carrying out pattern recognition, information decoding to the signal after sampling, and decoded information is sent to data processing module carries out data processing; Data processing module, it is connected with signal processing module, is sent to external equipment for carrying out process to decoded information, maybe will the information of launching be needed to be sent to signal processing module, and realizes and interface communication crosslinked with the data of external equipment; Transmitter module, its input is connected with signal processing module, and output is connected with receiver module, for modulating the signal after signal processing module coding, amplify, decay, sends into receiver module by switching network; Frequency source module, for generation of the carrier signal needed for the local oscillation signal needed for receiver module mixing and transmitter module modulation.
2. a kind of TCAS as claimed in claim 1, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, is characterized in that: the beam-forming network that described up/down antenna comprises four antenna oscillators respectively and matches.
3. a kind of TCAS as claimed in claim 1, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, it is characterized in that: described receiver module comprises the low pass filter be connected with corresponding antenna oscillator, the voltage bias unit be connected with corresponding low pass filter, the receipts be connected with corresponding voltage bias unit/send out switch, the preselection filter be connected with a corresponding receipts/switch, the amplitude limiter be connected with corresponding preselection filter, the low noise amplifier be connected with corresponding amplitude limiter, the radiofrequency signal processing unit be connected with corresponding low noise amplifier.
4. a kind of TCAS as claimed in claim 1, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, it is characterized in that: described transmitter module comprises the modulator with frequency source model calling, the transmitter be connected with modulator, the numerical-control attenuator be connected with transmitter, the antenna selection switch be connected with numerical-control attenuator, and be connected with antenna selection switch 4 select 1 switch.
5. a kind of TCAS as claimed in claim 4, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, it is characterized in that: described frequency source module comprises high stability temperature-compensating crystal oscillator, the phase-locked loop be connected with high stability temperature-compensating crystal oscillator, the voltage controlled oscillator be connected with phase-locked loop, the amplifier be connected with voltage controlled oscillator respectively and filter, the power splitter be connected with amplifier and filter respectively.
6. a kind of TCAS as claimed in claim 3, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, it is characterized in that: described radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises power splitter, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 1030MHz filter be connected with power splitter, the the first low noise amplifier LNA be connected with 1030MHz filter, the 1030MHz radiofrequency signal A/D converter be connected with the first low noise amplifier LNA;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 1090MHz filter be connected with power splitter, the the second low noise amplifier LNA be connected with 1090MHz filter, the 1090MHz radiofrequency signal A/D converter be connected with the second low noise amplifier LNA.
7. a kind of TCAS as claimed in claim 3, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, it is characterized in that: described radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises image-rejection filter, the frequency mixer be connected with described image-rejection filter, the power splitter be connected with described frequency mixer, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with described power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radio frequency processing subelement comprises the first intermediate-frequency filter be connected with power splitter, the the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with described first intermediate-frequency filter, the second intermediate-frequency filter be connected with described first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the A/D converter be connected with described second intermediate-frequency filter;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement comprises the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter be connected with described power splitter, the the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with described 3rd intermediate-frequency filter, the 4th intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the 2nd A/D converter be connected with the 4th intermediate-frequency filter.
8. a kind of TCAS as claimed in claim 3, S mode answering machine and the comprehensive radio system of ADS-B, it is characterized in that: described radiofrequency signal processing unit comprises power splitter, the S mode answering machine radiofrequency signal process subelement be connected with power splitter respectively and TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radiofrequency signal process subelement;
Wherein, described S mode answering machine radio frequency processing subelement comprises the 1030MHz image-rejection filter be connected with power splitter, the first frequency mixer be connected with 1030MHz image-rejection filter, the first intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the first frequency mixer, the the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with the first intermediate-frequency filter, the second intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the first intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the A/D converter be connected with the second intermediate-frequency filter;
Described TCAS/1090ES ADS-B radio frequency processing subelement comprises the 1090MHz image-rejection filter be connected with power splitter, the second frequency mixer be connected with 1090MHz image-rejection filter, the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second frequency mixer, the the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA be connected with the 3rd intermediate-frequency filter, the 4th intermediate-frequency filter be connected with the second intermediate frequency amplifier IFA, the 2nd A/D converter be connected with the 4th intermediate-frequency filter.
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