CN104574817A - Machine vision-based fatigue driving pre-warning system suitable for smart phone - Google Patents
Machine vision-based fatigue driving pre-warning system suitable for smart phone Download PDFInfo
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- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/06—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons indicating a condition of sleep, e.g. anti-dozing alarms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a machine vision-based fatigue driving pre-warning system suitable for a smart phone. The machine vision-based fatigue driving warning system comprises the smart phone which acquires the facial information of a driver through a camera and acquires the speed information, the acceleration information and the gravitational acceleration information of a current vehicle through a sensor information acquisition module, a fatigue detection module which judges the fatigue state of the driver by detecting an eye movement status and the change of head posture of the driver, a driver behavior analysis module which is used for modeling the driving status information of a user comprehensively, and comparing the model of the driving status information with a statistical analysis method model to assist the judgment for the current behavior status of the driver, and a pre-warning module which is used for comparing the fatigue detection result with the driving behavior analysis result comprehensively, and giving a fatigue alarm by a voice prompt. The driving behavior is analyzed automatically to form a data analysis library, and a mobile phone acceleration sensor is combined to judge the dangerous driving behavior of the driver.
Description
Technical field
the present invention relates to machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, be specifically related to a kind of be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system.
Background technology
along with the quick increase of vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity and the develop rapidly of highway, traffic hazard occurs again and again, causes huge property loss and casualties to countries in the world.How to reduce traffic hazard to have become international a difficult problem, wherein, preventing fatigue driving is the gordian technique that countries in the world and Ge great automobile vendor are doing one's utmost to research and develop at present.Latest data according to Ministry of Communications is added up, annual China because traffic safety accident casualty number is more than 200,000 people, wherein 50% come from driver's unconsciousness wake up thus lead to traffic accident.Long-duration driving, do not have enough sleep, the factor such as physiological change is the main cause causing fatigue driving to produce.During fatigue driving, driver can feel absent-minded, absent minded, blurred vision, judgment decline, and in this case continues to drive, and very easily occurs that operation pauses or revises error, causes traffic hazard to occur.And data analysis display, the zero point to six in morning every day is the time period occurred frequently of fatigue driving, and visible fatigue driving, except arranging reasonable running time, also needs effective scientific and technological prior-warning device, at utmost could reduce the generation of fatigue driving accident.
at present, what be equipped with driver fatigue monitor system in car load enterprise mainly contains the assembly plant such as benz, Volvo, masses, Toyota, BYD, the mode adopted mainly is divided into two kinds, a kind of is the facial characteristics utilizing camera to take driver, and differentiate whether it is in fatigue state by the eye state of driver, its camera major part is positioned over panel board inside, through the space shooting driver of bearing circle.Another kind utilizes the driving behavior of driver (rotational characteristic of such as bearing circle) to judge its fatigue state.But be mainly provided in respective middle-and-high-ranking model vehicle, and the interference of light source to camera lens in various direction cannot be avoided, particularly evening insufficient light, will be more difficult to the identification of face.In rear dress market, also there is the equipment of some preventing fatigue drivings.Mainly contain the product, the overtime assisting automobile driver product that carry product, application driving trace method of discrimination of application ECG detecting method, these products or use on and driver produce Body contact interference drive, or Cleaning Principle can not accurately reflect driver fatigue situation, all effectively can not carry out driver tired driving warning function, acceptance level is commercially general.Through research and market feedback, applied for machines vision technique analyzes the scheme that fatigue driving early warning product is high precision, the degree of recognition is high of driver's facial expression information by camera.But at present price is commercially up to several thousand yuan for this series products, expensive, this is also cause to fail one of major reason of popularizing in Chinese driving fatigue early warning system.If now conventional smart mobile phone can be utilized to realize the object of giving fatigue pre-warning, this is convenient in the universal of giving fatigue pre-warning and application.
smart mobile phone of today is generally integrated with camera, acceleration transducer and gravity sensor, has the internal memory of CPU and 512MB of at least 1GHz simultaneously.These hardware conditions can meet designs and Implements a driver fatigue monitor system on smart mobile phone.
Summary of the invention
the traffic hazard problem caused for fatigue driving is day by day serious, and the equipment of current preventing fatigue driving can not well be popularized.The present invention proposes a kind of be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, universalness and the portability of fatigue driving warning function can be convenient to, more driver is allowed to obtain fatigue drive prompting in time on the run, for safety of life and property provides safeguard.
technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, comprise smart mobile phone, by camera collection driver facial information, the velocity information of Current vehicle is gathered, acceleration information and collection acceleration of gravity information by sensor information acquisition module;
fatigue detecting module, by judging the fatigue state of driver in conjunction with the detection of eye motion state and the detection of driver head's attitudes vibration;
driving behavior analysis module, carries out comprehensive modeling to user's driving condition information, contrasts with statistical analysis method model, for auxiliary judgment driver current behavior state;
warning module, for carrying out Comprehensive Correlation to fatigue detection result and driving behavior analysis result, carries out fatigue warning by voice reminder.
further, the detection of described eye motion state is realized by the location of face feature point.
further, the change of described driver head's attitude is by three-dimensional head model inspection.
further, the detection of described eye motion state comprises eye contour extraction and human eye location; Described eye contour extracts and comprises from pilothouse scene image, find human eye position and regional extent; The outline line of palpebra inferior, iris on extracting further within the scope of this; Described human eye location comprises the following steps: set up based on the local texture model from quotient graph;
utilize the cluster that facial regional area is good, set up stacked shape;
the active shape model based on points distribution models is adopted to position, when driving, by realizing the individuation customization of shape parameter to the on-line study of driver's face shape.
further, the change of described driver head's attitude comprises:
angle point in facial zone is followed the tracks of, according to the epipolar line restriction relation between perspective projection model hypograph coordinate, eigenmatrix is resolved based on the displacement on image between unique point, and utilize eigenmatrix to solve rotation matrix and translation matrix, and then calculate the relative change of attitude angle between consecutive frame in video sequence;
based on the three-dimensional reconstruction of Candide model realization driver head, and be similarity measure with mutual information, realized the determination of driver's initial attitude angle by three-dimensional model registration technology;
calculate the absolute pose angle of driver in world coordinate system.
further, the characteristic parameter of described Extract eyes comprise closed-eye time number percent, the longest wink time, frequency of wink, on average open eyes degree, time window length that specific closed-eye time is corresponding, on average open eyes time, maximum eye opening time, the maximal value of average closed-eye time, maximum closed-eye time, closed-eye time and eye opening time ratios, the mean value of closed-eye time and eye opening time ratios, the maximum dwell of iris, iris transverse direction on average translational speed, pupil without rest index, the upper and lower asymmetry of iris.
further, the characteristic parameter that described head pose extracts comprises head steering locking angle, head movement speed, nods, head is towards distribution.
further, described fatigue detecting module searches the value of all conditions probability in discriminant equation respectively according to conditional probability table, and makes successive multiplication, and driving condition corresponding to maximum probability person is the estimated value of the current fatigue state of driver.
advantage of the present invention is:
1. this system gathers driver's facial expression information by mobile phone camera, and the tired algorithm of high robust detects in real time unsafe conditions such as the fatigue of driver and dispersion attention and provides warning message.Take into full account the time-domain stability of driving environment in driving conditions, propose a kind of facial zone partitioning algorithm fully utilizing machine learning, online adaptive skin color modeling, pure background modeling technology, and by tracking to angle point in facial zone, based on epipolar line restriction establishing equation, model is resolved at driver's relative attitude angle.By to this driver behavior automatic analysis, form the Data analysis library for this driver, judge driver's dangerous driving behavior in conjunction with mobile phone acceleration sensor, give the safety guarantee that driver is initiatively intelligent.
2., by designing native system on smart mobile phone, universalness and the portability of fatigue driving warning function can be convenient to, allow more driver obtain fatigue drive prompting in time on the run, for safety of life and property provides safeguard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
fig. 1 is the system structural framework figure of driver fatigue monitor system in the present invention;
fig. 2 is the workflow diagram of driver fatigue monitor system in the present invention;
fig. 3 is Attitude estimation and the pose calibrating process flow diagram of fatigue detecting module in the present invention;
fig. 4 is the extracting method process flow diagram of the eye contour of fatigue detecting module in the present invention;
fig. 5 is the tired method of discrimination process flow diagram of fatigue detecting module in the present invention.
Embodiment
for making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment also with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.Should be appreciated that, these describe just exemplary, and do not really want to limit the scope of the invention.In addition, in the following description, the description to known features and technology is eliminated, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring concept of the present invention.
embodiment:
below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described further.
the present invention, main use carries out fatigue detecting based on the mode of machine vision, is aided with driving behavior analysis and strengthens the accuracy and robustness that detect.
smart mobile phone of today is generally integrated with camera, acceleration transducer, gravity sensor and locating module, has the internal memory of CPU and 512MB of at least 1GHz simultaneously, these hardware conditions.
as shown in Figure 1, in the present invention, be applicable to the driver fatigue monitor system of smart mobile phone, comprise smart mobile phone, fatigue detecting module, driving behavior analysis module and warning module four modules.
smart mobile phone comprises image capture module and sensor information acquisition module.
image capture module: carry out the collection of driver's facial information by camera.
sensor information acquisition module mainly comprises: locating module, gravity sensor, acceleration sensing, the velocity information of Current vehicle is gathered by locating module, acceleration information is gathered by acceleration transducer, acceleration of gravity information is gathered, for driver behavioural analysis by gravity sensor.
warning module: warning message, mainly through voice reminder, carries out fatigue warning.
fatigue detecting module: the fatigue state being judged driver by the fusion of two aspect information: one, realizes the detection of eye motion state by the location of face feature point; Its two, by the change of three-dimensional head model inspection driver head attitude.
driving behavior analysis module: make full use of mobile phone sensor information, carries out comprehensive modeling to user's driving condition information, contrasts with statistical analysis method model, auxiliary judgment driver current behavior state, auxiliary fatigue detecting module.Strengthen accuracy and the adaptivity of systems axiol-ogy.
the workflow of the Vehicle Anti-Theft System that the present invention is based on recognition of face is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 2:
1. giving fatigue pre-warning system starts;
2. camera starts to gather driver's face-image;
3., after image acquisition completes, by machine vision fatigue detecting module, carry out fatigue detecting;
4. sensor information acquisition module, gathers the velocity information, acceleration information, acceleration of gravity information etc. of Current vehicle, and carries out driving behavior analysis by driver behavior model;
5. pair fatigue detection result and driving behavior analysis result carry out Comprehensive Correlation, judge whether to carry out giving fatigue pre-warning.
6. early warning result exports
be illustrated in figure 3 the algorithm flow of head pose estimation.
in Attitude estimation, two steps have been come.The first step, by following the tracks of the angle point in facial zone, according to the epipolar line restriction relation between perspective projection model hypograph coordinate, eigenmatrix is resolved based on the displacement on image between unique point, and utilize eigenmatrix to solve rotation matrix and translation matrix, and then calculate the relative change of attitude angle between consecutive frame in video sequence; Second step, the three-dimensional reconstruction of driver's head based on Candide model realization, and be similarity measure with mutual information, the determination of driver's initial attitude angle is achieved by three-dimensional model registration technology.After the relative change obtaining attitude angle between consecutive frame in initial attitude angle and video sequence, just can calculate the absolute pose angle of driver in world coordinate system.
if Fig. 4 is the explanation of eye contour extracting method.
eye contour extraction algorithm mainly comprises two links, and one is from pilothouse scene image, find human eye position and regional extent; Two is the outline lines extracting palpebra inferior, iris etc. within the scope of this further.In human eye location, this method adopts active shape model (the Active Shape Model based on points distribution models, ASM) algorithm, and for its problem not good to illumination variation, attitudes vibration robustness in actual environment, three aspect designs are carried out to algorithm: first, establish based on the local texture model from quotient graph to overcome the impact of illumination variation; Secondly, make full use of the cluster that facial regional area is good, establish stacked shape, to adapt to the wide-angle deflection of driver's attitude; Again, when driving, by realizing the individuation customization of shape parameter to the on-line study of driver's face shape, the registration for ASM algorithm provides stricter constraint.
fig. 5 is tired discrimination model.
in this method, the feature of Extract eyes comprise closed-eye time number percent, the longest wink time, frequency of wink, on average open eyes degree, time window length that specific closed-eye time is corresponding, on average open eyes time, maximum eye opening time, the maximal value of average closed-eye time, maximum closed-eye time, closed-eye time and eye opening time ratios, the mean value of closed-eye time and eye opening time ratios, the maximum dwell of iris, iris transverse direction on average translational speed, pupil without 15 parameters such as rest index, the upper and lower asymmetry of iris.The feature that head pose extracts comprises head steering locking angle, head movement speed, nods, head is towards distribution 4 parameters.
according to 19 parameter values detected in real time, respectively clear-headed, tired, under major fatigue, search the value of all conditions probability in discriminant equation according to conditional probability table respectively, and make successive multiplication.Three compares, and state corresponding to maximum probability person is the estimated value of the current fatigue state of driver.
native system gathers driver's facial expression information by mobile phone camera, and the tired algorithm of high robust detects in real time unsafe conditions such as the fatigue of driver and dispersion attention and provides warning message.This invention has taken into full account the time-domain stability of driving environment in driving conditions, propose a kind of facial zone partitioning algorithm fully utilizing machine learning, online adaptive skin color modeling, pure background modeling technology, and by tracking to angle point in facial zone, based on epipolar line restriction establishing equation, model is resolved at driver's relative attitude angle.Meanwhile, the individual three-dimensional reconstruction of driver's head based on Candide model realization, and the determination of driver's initial attitude angle is completed by three-dimensional model registration.And the conspicuousness of eye motion parameter differences under adopting statistical method analytic demonstration different fatigue level, establish the fatigue characteristic space based on eye motion feature, and simulate the cognitive process of people, propose and adopt the priori obtained based on training sample to classify to Fatigue pattern at the driving task initial stage, and based on the discrimination method that bayesian belief networks is inferred driver fatigue state on self study basis.Meanwhile, by this driver behavior automatic analysis, form the Data analysis library for this driver, judge driver's dangerous driving behavior in conjunction with mobile phone acceleration sensor, give the safety guarantee that driver is initiatively intelligent.
should be understood that, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention only for exemplary illustration or explain principle of the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the invention.Therefore, any amendment made when without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.In addition, claims of the present invention be intended to contain fall into claims scope and border or this scope and border equivalents in whole change and modification.
Claims (8)
1. one kind be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, comprise smart mobile phone, by camera collection driver facial information, the velocity information of Current vehicle is gathered, acceleration information and collection acceleration of gravity information by sensor information acquisition module;
Fatigue detecting module, by judging the fatigue state of driver in conjunction with the detection of eye motion state and the detection of driver head's attitudes vibration;
Driving behavior analysis module, carries out comprehensive modeling to user's driving condition information, contrasts with statistical analysis method model, for auxiliary judgment driver current behavior state;
Warning module, for carrying out Comprehensive Correlation to fatigue detection result and driving behavior analysis result, carries out fatigue warning by voice reminder.
2. according to claim 1 be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, the detection of described eye motion state is realized by the location of face feature point.
3. according to claim 1 be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, the change of described driver head's attitude is by three-dimensional head model inspection.
4. according to claim 2 be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, the detection of described eye motion state comprises eye contour and to extract and human eye is located; Described eye contour extracts and comprises from pilothouse scene image, find human eye position and regional extent; The outline line of palpebra inferior, iris on extracting further within the scope of this; Described human eye location comprises the following steps: set up based on the local texture model from quotient graph;
Utilize the cluster that facial regional area is good, set up stacked shape;
The active shape model based on points distribution models is adopted to position, when driving, by realizing the individuation customization of shape parameter to the on-line study of driver's face shape.
5. according to claim 3 be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, the change of described driver head's attitude comprises:
Angle point in facial zone is followed the tracks of, according to the epipolar line restriction relation between perspective projection model hypograph coordinate, eigenmatrix is resolved based on the displacement on image between unique point, and utilize eigenmatrix to solve rotation matrix and translation matrix, and then calculate the relative change of attitude angle between consecutive frame in video sequence;
Based on the three-dimensional reconstruction of Candide model realization driver head, and be similarity measure with mutual information, realized the determination of driver's initial attitude angle by three-dimensional model registration technology;
Calculate the absolute pose angle of driver in world coordinate system.
6. according to claim 2 be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, the characteristic parameter of described Extract eyes comprises closed-eye time number percent, the longest wink time, frequency of wink, average eye opening degree, the time window length that specific closed-eye time is corresponding, the average eye opening time, the maximum eye opening time, average closed-eye time, maximum closed-eye time, the maximal value of closed-eye time and eye opening time ratios, the mean value of closed-eye time and eye opening time ratios, the maximum dwell of iris, iris is average translational speed laterally, pupil is without rest index, the upper and lower asymmetry of iris.
7. according to claim 3 be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, the characteristic parameter that described head pose extracts comprises head steering locking angle, head movement speed, nods, head is towards distribution.
8. according to claim 1 be applicable to smart mobile phone based on machine vision driver fatigue monitor system, it is characterized in that, described fatigue detecting module searches the value of all conditions probability in discriminant equation respectively according to conditional probability table, and make successive multiplication, driving condition corresponding to maximum probability person is the estimated value of the current fatigue state of driver.
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