CN104569142A - U-shaped detection probe based on AC magnetic field detection and detection method - Google Patents
U-shaped detection probe based on AC magnetic field detection and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104569142A CN104569142A CN201310520111.0A CN201310520111A CN104569142A CN 104569142 A CN104569142 A CN 104569142A CN 201310520111 A CN201310520111 A CN 201310520111A CN 104569142 A CN104569142 A CN 104569142A
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Abstract
A U-shaped detection probe based on AC magnetic field detection and a detection method belong to the technical field of detection equipment. The U-shaped detection probe consists of a U-shaped excitation source and a magnetic field detector probe, wherein the U-shaped excitation source is formed by uniformly winding a current-carrying coil on an individual U-shaped ferrite core; when the U-shaped excitation source works, sinusoidal alternating current with the frequency of 5kHz-50kHz is applied to the current-carrying coil to excite uniform induced current on a metal surface between the two legs of the U-shaped ferrite core, and when a crack exists, the induced current flows along the bottom and the edge of the crack to generate a disturbed magnetic field; and the magnetic field detector probe consists of tunnel magneto-resistance (TMR) magneto-sensitive elements, and through detection of the disturbed magnetic field, the size and the trend of the detected crack can be reflected. During crack detection of the metal surface, a coating on the metal surface does not need to be removed; through innovation on the excitation source and the magnetic field detector probe, the magnetic field detection sensitivity and the spatial resolution are improved, and the crack with the minimum length of 2 mm can be detected out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of U-shaped detection probe based on alternating current field measurement and detection method, belong to checkout equipment technical field.
Background technology
At the Large-Scale Equipment in the field such as petrochemical complex, Aero-Space, due to the working environment that it is special, serious consequence will be caused once be damaged, and crackle causes the inducement of device damage often.Therefore, regular or irregular detection must be carried out to the crackle on these equipment.Conventional crack detection technology has ultrasonic, magnetic, ray, Magnetic Memory, leakage field etc., but these detection methods all require before detecting that the protective finish clearing up metal surface maybe can only accept very thin coating thickness, and testing cost is high.
Alternating current field measurement and ACFM; it is a kind of emerging Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement; mainly for detection of conductive metal structure part surface crack; be specially adapted to the situation that there is protective finish on examined workpiece surface; coating for surface protection need not be removed; can crack detection be carried out, be mainly used in the weld seam detection of ocean platform, part Aero-Space and petrochemical equipment.Its cardinal principle is: go out uniform exchange current by driving source at workpiece for measurement surface certain area internal induction, when detected part does not have defect, the spatial impression near surface of the work answers Distribution of Magnetic Field even; If defectiveness exists, because the electromagnetic property of defect itself is different from workpiece, induction current is walked around around defect, thus causes surface induction disturbance of magnetic field.By gathering the information of disturbed magnetic field above defect and carrying out analyzing and processing, the parameters such as the shape of defect, size can be finally inversed by.
The equipment of some electromechanical detection method is similar to ACFM equipment appearance at present, such as alternation Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting method and pulse leakage detection method, but its Cleaning Principle and ACFM have essential distinction.
The magnetic field that Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting method utilizes is the magnetic field that equipment itself excites, and the magnetic field that alternating current field measurement method utilizes is the magnetic field that equipment excites at the induction current that surface of the work produces.Because this essential distinction, result in difference.
First, the magnetic field of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting method can realize magnetic field excitation by multiple means, utilize permanent magnet, DC electromagnet, alternating electromagnet to reach this purpose, the excitation frequency of usual alternating electromagnet from tens of Hertz to few kilohertz not etc., square wave, sine wave etc. all have use.ACFM then can only utilize high frequency sinusoidal alternating current, induction current that is lasting, Stable distritation is induced at surface of the work, the exciting signal frequency of the sinusoidal ac applied in general AC FM is not less than 5 KHz usually, if the too low meeting of exciting signal frequency badly influences testing result.
Secondly, leakage method detects crackle, and because the magnetic field of the goal detected is different, the trend of tested crackle is necessarily vertical with excitation field or subvertical, and the crack orientation that the present invention detects is parallel with excitation field or connects subparallel.The magnetic-field component detected due to ACFM and crack length, the degree of depth present higher linear relationship, can be relatively easy to realize the inverting of crackle on length, depth direction, easily evaluate defect; And Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting will realize the mathematical model that crackle inverting needs to set up complexity, Application comparison difficulty.
Due to the difference of pumping signal and detected magnetic field of the goal, Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting is not suitable for the cated metal material of surface coverage, and U-shaped detection probe involved in the present invention for be exactly the crack detection covering cated metal material.
Current ACFM detection probe, many employings rectangle hollow coil carries out magnetic field excitation, magnetic induction coil carries out magnetic field detection, this mode has following deficiency: rectangle hollow coil is not ideal to the binding effect in magnetic field, under same specification, identical incentive condition, the induction current that air core coil is formed in metal surface to be detected is much smaller than U-shaped driving source of the present invention, and the disturbed magnetic field of generation is also less, is unfavorable for the changes of magnetic field detecting defect generation; Detect the size of magnetic field magnetic induction coil own bigger than normal, between 3mm-5mm, cause detection probe spatial resolution low, be difficult to meet the requirement detecting fine crack.Current ACFM equipment all has much room for improvement to the detection sensitivity of little, microcrack zone and spatial resolution.The present invention adopts U-shaped driving source, apply detection chip based on tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR) technology, can provide a kind of to little, that microcrack zone sensitivity is higher, spatial resolution is better ACFM probe.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of U-shaped detection probe based on alternating current field measurement and detection method.
Based on a U-shaped detection probe for alternating current field measurement, be made up of U-shaped driving source and magnetic field detection two parts of popping one's head in,
Wherein U-shaped driving source is formed by current-carrying coil even coiling in single U-shaped FERRITE CORE, and U-shaped driving source induces uniform induction current at surface of the work, and when there is crackle, induction current bottom crackle and edge flowing, produces disturbed magnetic field; Magnetic field detection probe is made up of tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR) magneto sensor, can detect this disturbed magnetic field, determine tested crack size and crack orientation;
During U-shaped driving source work, the sinusoidal ac frequency applied in current-carrying coil is 5kHz ~ 50kHz, inspires uniform induction current for the surface of the work between U-shaped magnetic core two leg;
The detecting element of magnetic field detection probe is encapsulated by one or more groups magneto sensor based on tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR) to form, each magneto sensor group is arranged on substrate by two panels magneto sensor and forms, the number of the magneto sensor group encapsulated in probe needs adjustment according to the size in region to be detected and detection sensitivity, each group magneto sensor is by the first magneto sensor, second magneto sensor is arranged on substrate composition, first magneto sensor, second magneto sensor is orthogonal to be encapsulated on the same plane of substrate, first magneto sensor, the induced field of the orthogonal both direction of the second magneto sensor independent detection, magneto sensor group pattern is arranged, the quantity of the magneto sensor group encapsulated in probe needs adjustment according to the size in region to be detected and detection sensitivity.
Adopting dip8 encapsulation, being packaged together organizing magneto sensor more.
A kind of detection method based on alternating current field measurement, the current-carrying coil of U-shaped driving source applies the ac-excited electric current that frequency is 5kHz ~ 50kHz, when examined workpiece surface zero defect, the surface actuator between U-shaped driving source two leg is gone out even strong induction current by exciting current; When examined workpiece surface existing defects, because the conductivity of (conductor) in workpiece is much larger than the conductivity of (insulator) in air, causes induction current around bottom defect and two ends process, in the space of examined workpiece near surface, produce disturbance of magnetic field; Magneto sensor in magnetic field detection probe detects changes of magnetic field by tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR) and changes of magnetic field is converted to voltage and exports, and can detect defect and realize the size inverting of defect length, depth direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, detect Metal Crack time without the need to clearing up surface coating.2, effectively can detect the crack defect on non-ferromagnetic metal surface.3, detect data and defect length, the size of depth direction has comparatively ideal linear relationship, more easily realize defect inverting.4, magnetic field detection is highly sensitive, reaches 2mV/V/G; 5, volume is little, Sensor core area 0.89 square millimeter, and thickness is about 0.03 millimeter; 6, magnetic field detection sensitivity and spatial resolution high, the minimum crack length that detects is about 2mm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to detailed description below, more completely can understand the present invention better and easily learn wherein many adjoint advantages, but accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of the present invention, schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention, as schemed wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the U-shaped detection probe based on alternating current field measurement (ACFM).
Fig. 2 is magnetic field detection probe cut-away view.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment
Obviously, the many modifications and variations that those skilled in the art do based on aim of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, for detecting preferred embodiment during ferromagnetic metal, in Fig. 1: examined workpiece 1, U-shaped FERRITE CORE 2, current-carrying coil 3, magnetic field detection probe 4.
Examined workpiece 1 is ferromagnetic metal, and detection position is weld seam, and surface is covered by corrosion-inhibiting coating.
U-shaped detection probe is made up of U-shaped driving source and magnetic field detection probe two large divisions.
Wherein U-shaped driving source is evenly close around forming in single U-shaped FERRITE CORE 2 by current-carrying coil 3, the alternating current that frequency is 5kHz is applied on current-carrying coil 3, if the surperficial zero defect of examined workpiece 1, between U-shaped magnetic core two leg, surface of the work is by the even strong induction current of generation, if there is the crackle along U-shaped FERRITE CORE length direction, induction current bottom defect and the process of two ends, will produce disturbed magnetic field in the space of examined workpiece 1 near surface.
The detecting element of magnetic field detection probe is encapsulated by one or more groups magneto sensor based on tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR) to form, and can accurately measure the disturbed magnetic field caused by defect.Wherein each group magneto sensor is arranged on substrate 5 by the first magneto sensor 6, second magneto sensor 7 and forms, on the orthogonal same plane being encapsulated in substrate 5 of first magneto sensor 6, second magneto sensor 7, the first magneto sensor 6, second magneto sensor 7 can the magnetic field of the orthogonal both direction of independent detection.Because single magneto sensor group volume is little, sensing range is limited, in order to improve detection efficiency, can dip8 specification be adopted to be encapsulated multiple magneto sensor group, spacing L between magneto sensor group detection sensitivity adjustment according to actual needs, spacing d is the back gauge of magneto sensor and substrate 5.
When U-shaped detection probe is along U-shaped FERRITE CORE length direction scanning, can detect and move towards consistent crackle with scanning direction, this embodiment is mainly used in weld seam detection.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, for detecting preferred embodiment during non-ferromagnetic metal, in Fig. 1: examined workpiece 1, U-shaped FERRITE CORE 2, current-carrying coil 3, magnetic field detection probe 4.
Examined workpiece 1 is non-ferromagnetic metal, and surface is without corrosion-inhibiting coating.
U-shaped detection probe is made up of U-shaped driving source and magnetic field detection probe two large divisions.
Wherein U-shaped driving source is evenly close around forming in single U-shaped FERRITE CORE 2 by current-carrying coil 3, the alternating current that frequency is 50kHz is applied on current-carrying coil 3, if the surperficial zero defect of examined workpiece 1, between U-shaped magnetic core two leg, surface of the work is by the even strong induction current of generation, if there is the crackle along U-shaped FERRITE CORE length direction, induction current bottom defect and the process of two ends, will produce disturbed magnetic field in the space of examined workpiece 1 near surface.
The detecting element of magnetic field detection probe is encapsulated by one or more groups magneto sensor based on tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR) to form, and can accurately measure the disturbed magnetic field caused by defect.Wherein each group magneto sensor is arranged on substrate 5 by the first magneto sensor 6, second magneto sensor 7 and forms, on the orthogonal same plane being encapsulated in substrate 5 of first magneto sensor 6, second magneto sensor 7, the first magneto sensor 6, second magneto sensor 7 can the magnetic field of the orthogonal both direction of independent detection.Because single magneto sensor group volume is little, sensing range is limited, in order to improve detection efficiency, can dip8 specification be adopted to be encapsulated multiple magneto sensor group, spacing L between magneto sensor group detection sensitivity adjustment according to actual needs, spacing d is the back gauge of magneto sensor and substrate 5.
When U-shaped detection probe is along U-shaped FERRITE CORE length direction scanning, can detect and move towards consistent crackle with scanning direction, this embodiment is mainly used in non-ferromagnetic metal weld seam detection.
The U-shaped detection probe based on ACFM that the present invention proposes, its U-shaped driving source adopts manganese-zinc ferrite as magnetic core, utilize the characteristic of manganese-zinc ferrite high magnetic permeability, high resistivity, when passing into high frequency sinusoidal alternating current, preferably the magnetic line of force that drive coil produces is constrained in magnetic core, decrease stray field, increase the induction current of surface of the work, enhance the disturbed magnetic field that little defect causes, coordinate high sensitivity, the high spatial resolution magnetic field detection probe based on TMR technology, the detection sensitivity of ACFM can be significantly improved.
As mentioned above, embodiments of the invention are explained, but as long as do not depart from inventive point of the present invention in fact and effect can have a lot of distortion, this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.Therefore, such variation is also all included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1., based on a U-shaped detection probe for alternating current field measurement, it is characterized in that being made up of U-shaped driving source and magnetic field detection two parts of popping one's head in,
Wherein U-shaped driving source is formed by current-carrying coil even coiling in single U-shaped FERRITE CORE, and U-shaped driving source induces uniform induction current at surface of the work, and when there is crackle, induction current bottom crackle and edge flowing, produces disturbed magnetic field; Magnetic field detection probe is made up of tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR) magneto sensor, can detect this disturbed magnetic field, determine tested crack size and crack orientation;
During U-shaped driving source work, the sinusoidal ac frequency applied in current-carrying coil is 5kHz ~ 50kHz, inspires uniform induction current for the surface of the work between U-shaped magnetic core two leg;
Magnetic field detection probe adopts the magneto sensor group encapsulation based on tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR) to form; Each group magneto sensor is arranged on substrate by the first magneto sensor, the second magneto sensor and forms, and the first magneto sensor, the second magneto sensor are orthogonal to be encapsulated on the same plane of substrate, the induced field of the orthogonal both direction of independent detection; Magneto sensor group pattern is arranged, the quantity of the magneto sensor group encapsulated in probe and position need adjustment according to the size in region to be detected and detection sensitivity.
2. a kind of U-shaped detection probe based on alternating current field measurement according to claim 1, is characterized in that adopting dip8 encapsulation, being packaged together organizing magneto sensor more.
3., based on a detection method for alternating current field measurement, it is characterized in that driving source adopts current-carrying coil even coiling in single U-shaped FERRITE CORE to form, current-carrying coil applies the ac-excited electric current that frequency is 5kHz ~ 50kHz; Magneto sensor in magnetic field detection probe is made up of the chip based on tunnel type giant magnetoresistance effect (TMR).
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| CN105486745A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Defect signal high-precision space imaging system and method based on alternating-current electromagnetic field |
| CN106248782A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2016-12-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of deep-sea intelligent storage alternating current field measurement system and method for determining defects |
| CN111044604A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-04-21 | 青岛海月辉科技有限公司 | ACFM single-axis magnetic signal evaluation method |
| CN112924537A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-08 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Underwater array type alternating current electromagnetic field crack detection probe device and system |
| CN113984879A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-28 | 山东电力工业锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 | High-voltage cabinet inflatable compartment welding seam detection probe, device and method |
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| CN112924537A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-08 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Underwater array type alternating current electromagnetic field crack detection probe device and system |
| CN113984879A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-28 | 山东电力工业锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 | High-voltage cabinet inflatable compartment welding seam detection probe, device and method |
| CN113984879B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2024-04-02 | 山东电力工业锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 | High-voltage cabinet inflation compartment weld joint detection probe, device and method |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |