CN104515988A - Side slope safety monitoring and prewarning method based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar - Google Patents
Side slope safety monitoring and prewarning method based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN104515988A CN104515988A CN201410784028.9A CN201410784028A CN104515988A CN 104515988 A CN104515988 A CN 104515988A CN 201410784028 A CN201410784028 A CN 201410784028A CN 104515988 A CN104515988 A CN 104515988A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
- G01S13/9023—SAR image post-processing techniques combined with interferometric techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/003—Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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Abstract
The invention discloses a side slope safety monitoring and prewarning method based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar. The side slope safety monitoring and prewarning method includes acquiring radar data, about continuous fixed point observation, of a side slope area by the ground-based synthetic aperture radar; subjecting the radar data which are acquired to imaging processing, differential interference processing and deformation information extracting; performing side slope slip analysis, prediction and automatic prewarning. By the side slope safety monitoring and prewarning method, all-time, all-weather, remote-distance, high-accuracy and fixed-point continuous monitoring of the large-range side slope area can be realized, and acoustic, optical and electric signal prewarning can be realized automatically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Slope Sliding Deformation Prediction technology, particularly relate to a kind of safety monitoring slope method for early warning based on ground synthetic-aperture radar.
Background technology
China is in the large-scaled construction period at present, a large amount of slope projects has been there is at each construction fields such as mining, water conservancy, traffic and buildings, as the road slope etc. of mine slope, dam dam abutment slope, Reservoir Bank side slope, railway and highway, these side slopes have that scale is large, quantity is many, the feature of environment and complex geologic conditions.Only in field of mining, there is surface mine about 70,000 in China, Tailings Dam 1.2 ten thousand, and 100,000, refuse dump, quantity is very huge.And along with the sustainable development of national economy, country is to the continuous demand of the energy and power, in mining engineering activity, the side slope quantity of excavation and landfill can get more and more, highly by increasing.Due to China's complex geologic conditions, mining industry technical equipment falls behind, and it is improper to add design and construction method, the disasters such as a lot of open-pit slope landslide, Tailings Dam dam break, dump mud-rock flow occurs year after year, causes great casualties and property loss.
In order to find side slope hidden danger, eliminating harm, effectively and economically taking management measure, therefore must monitor various side slope.Slope deforming is monitored, it is the foundation of scientific management side slope and correct process potential problems, slope monitoring can provide reliable monitoring materials with the mechanism of the distortion and Latent destruction that identify instable slope and coverage thereof, takes precautions against natural calamities, hazard mitigation measure to formulate.Monitoring of Slope Deformation has considerable economic benefit and important social benefit.
The main contents of slope monitoring can be divided into four large classes according to required monitoring parameter, and namely surface deformation monitoring, physics and chemical fields are monitored, groundwater monitoring and risk factor monitor.
Wherein, the monitoring method of earth's surface distortion mainly contains following several: geodesic method (transit, spirit-leveling instrument, stadimeter, total powerstation etc.); Up short method (transit etc. is taken the photograph in land); GPS method (GPS); Joint measurement method (vernier caliper, joint meter, displacement meter etc.);
And China mainly adopts the mode of artificial measurement of the level to carry out safety monitoring to side slope, this method measurement duration, precision are low, cannot monitor for dangerous slopes region; Few mine adopts the technology such as total powerstation, GPS to carry out safety monitoring to the method that artificial selected discrete point carries out contact type measurement to side slope, this method cannot reflect the global displacement of monitored target comprehensively, fast, cannot accomplish real-time accurate measurements early warning to side slope region on a large scale.At present, existing part of the foundation synthetic-aperture radar can realize the micro-change acquisition of information of the high precision landform of observation area, but due to speed of deformation and the acceleration estimation value in not yet monitored side slope region, and monitor decision rule and forecast model, the early warning to side slope change or micro-change region cannot be realized.In general, the safety monitoring slope means of China are limited, in the urgent need to developing new high precision monitor technology, meet current national security production situation to the demand of safety monitoring slope.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of safety monitoring slope method for early warning based on ground synthetic-aperture radar, round-the-clock can be carried out to side slope region on a large scale, round-the-clock, remote, noncontact, high precision, fixed point monitor continuously, and automatically speak, optical, electrical signal early warning.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on a safety monitoring slope method for early warning for ground synthetic-aperture radar, the method comprises:
Obtain the original radar data in the monitored side slope region that ground synthetic-aperture radar periodically sends, wherein, the first original radar data sent is designated as s
0, the original radar data that the n-th observation cycle sends is designated as s
n;
To original radar data s
0with s
ncarry out two-dimensional imaging process respectively, obtain plural radar image, be designated as g respectively
0(x, y) and g
n(x, y), with g
0(x, y) is master image, g
n(x, y) is sub-picture, carries out image registration, interferogram generation, phase unwrapping successively, atmospheric phase corrects and deformation map is changed, and obtains reflecting that monitored side slope region is at the deformation map d of the n-th observation cycle relative to the first observation moment
n(x, y);
To this deformation map d
n(x, y) carries out geocoding, obtains three-dimensional deformation data T
n(x, y, z), and according to the three-dimensional deformation data T of observation cycle before
1(x, y, z) ..., T
n-1(x, y, z) upgrades speed of deformation and the acceleration estimation value in monitored side slope region, then by the decision rule that presets and forecast model, carries out sound, optical, electrical signal early warning to the position of the side slope hidden danger that may occur, time and variation tendency.
Further, described with g
0(x, y) is master image, g
n(x, y) is sub-picture, carries out registration, interferogram generation, phase unwrapping successively, atmospheric phase corrects and deformation map is changed, and obtains reflecting that monitored side slope region is at the deformation map d of the n-th observation cycle relative to the first observation moment
n(x, y) comprising:
With g
0(x, y) is master image, g
n(x, y) is sub-picture, carries out image registration, obtains the image pair after registration;
Get phase value after being multiplied by the major-minor image conjugate of this image pair, obtain the interferogram I comprising differential phase
n(x, y);
To this interferogram I
n(x, y) carries out interferometric phase solution successively and to twine and atmospheric phase corrects, and to remove the phase perturbation that phase ambiguity in interferogram and electromagnetic transmission medium are introduced, obtains interferometric phase image
According to interferometric phase image
with the relation of deformational displacement d, by interferometric phase image
be converted into deformational displacement figure d
n(x, y); Wherein,
Further, described to this deformation map d
n(x, y) carries out geocoding, obtains three-dimensional deformation data T
n(x, y, z), and according to the three-dimensional deformation data T of observation cycle before
1(x, y, z) ..., T
n-1(x, y, z) speed of deformation and the acceleration estimation value in monitored side slope region is upgraded, then by the decision rule that presets and forecast model, to position, the time of the side slope hidden danger that may occur with variation tendency carries out sound, optical, electrical signal early warning comprises:
By three-dimensional deformation data T
nthe three-dimensional deformation data T of (x, y, z) and before observation cycle
1(x, y, z) ..., T
n-1(x, y, z) combines, and estimates and upgrades speed of deformation v (x, y, z), the accekeration a (x, y, z) in side slope region;
With the risk assessment criterion f preset, comprehensive evaluation is carried out to three-dimensional deformation data, speed of deformation, accekeration, obtains risk assessment factor f (T
n, v, a), compares with the threshold value C preset, as risk assessment factor f (T
n, v, a) during > C, is judged to and there is hidden danger, to occurring that the position of side slope hidden danger, time and variation tendency carry out sound, optical, electrical signal early warning.
Further, described two-dimensional imaging process comprises:
Range Doppler algorithm, Chirp-Scaling algorithm or range migration algorithm is utilized to carry out two-dimensional imaging process to original radar data.
Further, described image registration comprises: utilize correlation coefficient process or coefficient of coherence method to carry out image registration.
Further, described to this deformation map d
n(x, y) carries out geocoding, obtains three-dimensional deformation data T
n(x, y, z) comprising:
By deformation map d
non the three dimensional topographic data that (x, y) resampling gets to auxiliary topography measuring devices, or on the history three dimensional topographic data in monitored side slope region, thus obtain the three-dimensional deformation data T in monitored side slope region
n(x, y, z).
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, ground synthetic-aperture radar carries out a data acquisition only needs several seconds to a few minutes, therefore the safety monitoring slope early warning observation cycle based on ground synthetic-aperture radar is very short relative to traditional monitoring technology, can realize monitoring continuously the fixed point of deformation region; Simultaneously, ground synthetic-aperture radar can obtain very high spatial resolution and measuring accuracy, realize the high-resolution imaging to target area, the measuring accuracy based on the safety monitoring slope early warning of ground synthetic-aperture radar is also better than traditional monitoring technology, can reach submillimeter level; In addition, the safety monitoring slope method for early warning based on ground synthetic-aperture radar adopts non-contacting metering system, can obtain the large area thermomechanical processing of monitored hazardous location in specific range.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The process flow diagram of a kind of safety monitoring slope method for early warning based on ground synthetic-aperture radar that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of a kind of safety monitoring slope method for early warning based on ground synthetic-aperture radar that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
The process flow diagram of a kind of safety monitoring slope method for early warning based on ground synthetic-aperture radar that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the method mainly comprises:
The original radar data in the monitored side slope region that step 11, acquisition ground synthetic-aperture radar periodically send, wherein, the first original radar data sent is designated as s
0, the original radar data that the n-th observation cycle sends is designated as s
n, wherein, n represents observation cycle, and n>=1.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the static placement of ground synthetic-aperture radar, the monitored side slope region of its transmit/receive antenna beam, in controling parameters and the enabled instruction of certain reception remote monitoring center, carry out primary radar data acquisition, the first raw data gathered is designated as s
0, and be uploaded to remote monitoring center.
Ground synthetic-aperture radar is with observation cycle △ T repeating above said collection process, i.e. the interval of per elapsed time △ T, ground synthetic-aperture radar just carries out primary radar data acquisition under the control of remote monitoring center, and the data s that will collect
nbe uploaded to remote control center, until remote monitoring center sends termination data acquisition instructions, wherein s
nthe data gathered after representing the n-th observation cycle.
Step 12, to original radar data s
0with s
ncarry out two-dimensional imaging process respectively, obtain plural radar image, be designated as g respectively
0(x, y) and g
n(x, y), wherein, x with y represents the horizontal and vertical distance of observed object relative to ground synthetic-aperture radar respectively, with g
0(x, y) is master image, g
n(x, y) is sub-picture, carries out image registration, interferogram generation, phase unwrapping successively, atmospheric phase corrects and deformation map is changed, and obtains reflecting that monitored side slope region is at the deformation map d of the n-th observation cycle relative to the first observation moment
n(x, y).
In the embodiment of the present invention, range Doppler algorithm, Chirp-Scaling algorithm or range migration algorithm can be utilized to carry out two-dimensional imaging process to original radar data, obtain plural radar image, concrete data processing method can list of references flood literary composition, Hu Donghui etc. translate, " synthetic aperture radar image-forming---algorithm and implementation ", Electronic Industry Press, in October, 2007, Beijing.
Specifically, its treatment scheme is as follows:
1) with g
0(x, y) is master image, g
n(x, y) is sub-picture, carries out image registration, obtains the image pair after registration; Wherein, correlation coefficient process or coefficient of coherence method can be utilized to carry out image registration.
2) get phase value after being multiplied by the major-minor image conjugate of this image pair, obtain the interferogram I comprising differential phase
n(x, y).
3) to this interferogram I
n(x, y) carries out interferometric phase solution successively and to twine and atmospheric phase corrects, and to remove the phase perturbation that phase ambiguity in interferogram and electromagnetic transmission medium are introduced, obtains interferometric phase image
4) according to interferometric phase image
with the relation of deformational displacement d, by interferometric phase image
be converted into deformational displacement figure d
n(x, y) wherein,
λ represents the operation wavelength of ground synthetic-aperture radar.
Step 13, to this deformation map d
n(x, y) carries out geocoding, obtains three-dimensional deformation data T
n(x, y, z), wherein, z represents the elevation of the relative ground synthetic-aperture radar of observed object, and according to the three-dimensional deformation data T of observation cycle before
1(x, y, z) ..., T
n-1(x, y, z) upgrades speed of deformation and the acceleration estimation value in monitored side slope region, then by the decision rule that presets and forecast model, carries out sound, optical, electrical signal early warning to the position of the side slope hidden danger that may occur, time and variation tendency.
Specifically, by three-dimensional deformation data T
nthe three-dimensional deformation data T of (x, y, z) and before observation cycle
1(x, y, z) ..., T
n-1(x, y, z) combines, and estimates and upgrades speed of deformation v (x, y, z), the accekeration a (x, y, z) in side slope region;
With the risk assessment criterion f preset, comprehensive evaluation is carried out to three-dimensional deformation data, speed of deformation, accekeration, obtains risk assessment factor f (T
n, v, a),
Compare with the threshold value C preset, as risk assessment factor f (T
n, v, a) during > C, is judged to and there is hidden danger, to occurring that the position of side slope hidden danger, time and variation tendency carry out sound, optical, electrical signal early warning; If there is not hidden danger, then continue to perform above-mentioned steps 11-step 13 and monitor.
Wherein, described to this deformation map d
n(x, y) carries out geocoding, obtains three-dimensional deformation data T
n(x, y, z) comprising:
By deformation map d
non the three dimensional topographic data that (x, y) resampling gets to auxiliary topography measuring devices, or on the history three dimensional topographic data in monitored side slope region, thus obtain the three-dimensional deformation data T in monitored side slope region
n(x, y, z).
The scene schematic diagram of the present invention program as shown in Figure 2, the static placement of ground synthetic-aperture radar, the monitored side slope region of its transmit/receive antenna beam, radar data is then wirelessly sent to remote monitoring center, the scheme described in above-mentioned steps 11-step 13 is performed by remote monitoring center, realize the round-the-clock in side slope region on a large scale, round-the-clock, remote, noncontact, high precision, fixed point monitor continuously, and automatically speak, optical, electrical signal early warning; Meanwhile, remote monitoring center can also stop data acquisition by sending controling instruction.
The such scheme hinge structure of the embodiment of the present invention mainly has the following advantages:
(1) ground synthetic-aperture radar carries out a data acquisition only needs several seconds to a few minutes, therefore the safety monitoring slope early warning observation cycle △ T-phase based on ground synthetic-aperture radar is very short for traditional monitoring technology, can realize monitoring continuously the fixed point of deformation region;
(2) ground synthetic-aperture radar can obtain very high spatial resolution and measuring accuracy, realize the high-resolution imaging to target area, measuring accuracy based on the safety monitoring slope early warning of ground synthetic-aperture radar is also better than traditional monitoring technology, can reach submillimeter level;
(3) the safety monitoring slope method for early warning based on ground synthetic-aperture radar of the present invention adopts non-contacting metering system, can obtain the large area thermomechanical processing of monitored hazardous location in safe distance;
(4) the present invention in conjunction with the speed of deformation in monitored side slope region and acceleration estimation value, and can monitor decision rule and forecast model, realizes the continuous early warning observation to observation area.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to above-described embodiment can by software simulating, and the mode that also can add necessary general hardware platform by software realizes.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme of above-described embodiment can embody with the form of software product, it (can be CD-ROM that this software product can be stored in a non-volatile memory medium, USB flash disk, portable hard drive etc.) in, comprise some instructions and perform method described in each embodiment of the present invention in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.).
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (6)
1., based on a safety monitoring slope method for early warning for ground synthetic-aperture radar, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Obtain the original radar data in the monitored side slope region that ground synthetic-aperture radar periodically sends, wherein, the first original radar data sent is designated as s
0, the original radar data that the n-th observation cycle sends is designated as s
n;
To original radar data s
0with s
ncarry out two-dimensional imaging process respectively, obtain plural radar image, be designated as g respectively
0(x, y) and g
n(x, y), with g
0(x, y) is master image, g
n(x, y) is sub-picture, carries out image registration, interferogram generation, phase unwrapping successively, atmospheric phase corrects and deformation map is changed, and obtains reflecting that monitored side slope region is at the deformation map d of the n-th observation cycle relative to the first observation moment
n(x, y);
To this deformation map d
n(x, y) carries out geocoding, obtains three-dimensional deformation data T
n(x, y, z), and according to the three-dimensional deformation data T of observation cycle before
1(x, y, z) ..., T
n-1(x, y, z) upgrades speed of deformation and the acceleration estimation value in monitored side slope region, then by the decision rule that presets and forecast model, carries out sound, optical, electrical signal early warning to the position of the side slope hidden danger that may occur, time and variation tendency.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described with g
0(x, y) is master image, g
n(x, y) is sub-picture, carries out registration, interferogram generation, phase unwrapping successively, atmospheric phase corrects and deformation map is changed, and obtains reflecting that monitored side slope region is at the deformation map d of the n-th observation cycle relative to the first observation moment
n(x, y) comprising:
With g
0(x, y) is master image, g
n(x, y) is sub-picture, carries out image registration, obtains the image pair after registration;
Get phase value after being multiplied by the major-minor image conjugate of this image pair, obtain the interferogram I comprising differential phase
n(x, y);
To this interferogram I
n(x, y) carries out interferometric phase solution successively and to twine and atmospheric phase corrects, and to remove the phase perturbation that phase ambiguity in interferogram and electromagnetic transmission medium are introduced, obtains interferometric phase image
According to interferometric phase image
with the relation of deformational displacement d, by interferometric phase image
be converted into deformational displacement figure d
n(x, y); Wherein,
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described to this deformation map d
n(x, y) carries out geocoding, obtains three-dimensional deformation data T
n(x, y, z), and according to the three-dimensional deformation data T of observation cycle before
1(x, y, z) ..., T
n-1(x, y, z) speed of deformation and the acceleration estimation value in monitored side slope region is upgraded, then by the decision rule that presets and forecast model, to position, the time of the side slope hidden danger that may occur with variation tendency carries out sound, optical, electrical signal early warning comprises:
By three-dimensional deformation data T
nthe three-dimensional deformation data T of (x, y, z) and before observation cycle
1(x, y, z) ..., T
n-1(x, y, z) combines, and estimates and upgrades speed of deformation v (x, y, z), the accekeration a (x, y, z) in side slope region;
With the risk assessment criterion f preset, comprehensive evaluation is carried out to three-dimensional deformation data, speed of deformation, accekeration, obtains risk assessment factor f (T
n, v, a), compares with the threshold value C preset, as risk assessment factor f (T
n, v, a) during > C, is judged to and there is hidden danger, to occurring that the position of side slope hidden danger, time and variation tendency carry out sound, optical, electrical signal early warning.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described two-dimensional imaging process comprises:
Range Doppler algorithm, Chirp-Scaling algorithm or range migration algorithm is utilized to carry out two-dimensional imaging process to original radar data.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described image registration comprises:
Correlation coefficient process or coefficient of coherence method is utilized to carry out image registration.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described to this deformation map d
n(x, y) carries out geocoding, obtains three-dimensional deformation data T
n(x, y, z) comprising:
By deformation map d
non the three dimensional topographic data that (x, y) resampling gets to auxiliary topography measuring devices, or on the history three dimensional topographic data in monitored side slope region, thus obtain the three-dimensional deformation data T in monitored side slope region
n(x, y, z).
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Application publication date: 20150415 Assignee: Central peace Technology Development Center (Beijing) Assignor: National Institute of Safety Science and Technology Contract record no.: 2018990000130 Denomination of invention: Side slope safety monitoring and prewarning method based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar Granted publication date: 20171215 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20180517 |