CN104467838B - Microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock - Google Patents
Microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104467838B CN104467838B CN201410698258.3A CN201410698258A CN104467838B CN 104467838 B CN104467838 B CN 104467838B CN 201410698258 A CN201410698258 A CN 201410698258A CN 104467838 B CN104467838 B CN 104467838B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- microwave
- frequency
- output end
- input
- oscillator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
A kind of microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock, its composition includes controlled crystal oscillator, frequency multiplication synthesizer, modulating oscillator, timing sequencer, quantized system, data collection processor and proportional plus integral plus derivative controller, feature is that described modulating oscillator is microwave phase modulation oscillator, atomic clock microwave frequency of the present invention is constant, atomic clock transition signal to noise ratio is favorably improved, and then improves the frequency stability of atomic clock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave atomic clock, particularly a kind of microwave phase modulation locking atomic clock.
Background technology
The developing history of atomic clock can be traced back to before and after World War II earliest.It mainly has benefited from quantum at that time
The fast development of mechanics and microwave spectroscopy.The microwave clock of early stage uses incoherent light source to do pumping light and detection light, its
Afterwards with the development of laser, Laser Coherent and detection method are applied to atomic clock research, are desirably to obtain more preferable effect.Rubidium
Atomic frequency standard is because short-term stability is high, compact and be widely used the characteristics of be easy to carry.Existing arteries and veins
Wash pumping atomic frequency standard off and use three-level structure, as shown in Figure 1.Such as, when atomic clock is used87During Rb atomic mediums, profit
With laser 01 and the technology separated in time of microwave induced transition 02 (sepavated oscillatory field technique).First with laser 01 by energy level
03(|5S1/2, F=2>) on atom evacuate, atomic gas just do not reabsorb laser 01.At this moment along with microwave Ramsey is acted on
(two microwave pulses separated in time), make atom energy level 03 and energy level 04 (| 5S1/2, F=1>) between occur magnetic couple
Pole transition, the pumping effect sequential 05 of laser 01, microwave action sequential 06 carries out laser absorption method detection after microwave action is complete,
Obtain the information for occurring clock transition.Transition process makes a part of atom be pumped on energy level 03, causes atom cloth on energy level 03
The atomic population occupied on the change of number, energy level 03 changes with the change of microwave frequency off resonance, so as to carry Ramsey bars
Line.If microwave frequency and clock jump frequency exact resonance, the signal that positive and negative off resonance is obtained are equal, error signal is zero.One
Denier microwave frequency is slightly away at resonance, then the clock transition signal that positive and negative off resonance is obtained is unequal, and error letter can be obtained by making the difference
Number, it can be used as the feedback signal for locking local crystal vibration.
The structure loop block diagram of existing non-self-excitation type sepavated oscillatory field technique atomic clock is as shown in Figure 2.Its principle is
Controlled crystal oscillator 1 provides standard frequency output by the first output end and the second output end provides excitation output as initial signal source
To the first input end of frequency multiplication synthesizer 2.The input of modulating oscillator 3 is connected with the output end of timing sequencer 4, when receiving
Sequence control carries out positive and negative frequency hopping, and timing sequencer 4 carries out positive frequency hopping in preceding half period, and negative jump is carried out in second half of the cycle
Frequently.Modulating oscillator 3 is input to signal by output end the second input of frequency multiplication synthesizer 2, then with controlled crystal oscillator 1
Two output ends provide pumping signal be modulated in frequency multiplication synthesizer 2 so that excitation jump frequency in atomic transition frequently
There is positive and negative frequency hopping one small in rate, and quantized system 5 is entered from the output end output of frequency multiplication synthesizer 2.If frequency multiplication is comprehensive
When the frequency of the pumping signal of the output end output of clutch 2 and the unequal transition core frequency of of quantized system 5 itself,
Signal twice is obtained in different signal intensities, a cycle after quantized system 5 all to be exported by the output end of quantized system 5
To the input of data collection processor 6, the signal obtained twice is made the difference and obtains error signal by data collection processor 6, from
Output end is output to the input of proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7.Proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7 by after signal transacting by exporting
End is output to the input of controlled crystal oscillator 1, to adjust its frequency, is allowed to equal with transition core frequency.When controlled crystal oscillator 1
When being coincide with transition core frequency, data collection processor 6 no longer provides error signal, and controlled crystal oscillator 1 keeps stable.
The process that described quantized system 5 produces correction voltage is as shown in Figure 3.The center of the Ramsey curves of quantized system
At fringe area, when the centre frequency and amount of the pumping signal of output end output of the frequency through frequency multiplication synthesizer 2 of controlled crystal oscillator 1
When the transition core frequency of of subsystem 5 itself is equal, namely microwave frequency is when being at abscissa 11, then through ovennodulation
The positive and negative frequency hopping of oscillator 3, when positive frequency hopping, microwave frequency is at abscissa 12, is inquired after, is obtained by a Ramsey microwave
The clock transition signal arrived is at ordinate 14, when bearing frequency hopping, and microwave frequency is at abscissa 13, is visited by Ramsey microwaves
Ask, obtained clock transition signal size is at ordinate 14, and both are equal in magnitude, and the error signal of generation is zero.When controlled
When the frequency of crystal oscillator 1 leaves centre frequency, after frequency multiplication synthesizer 2, it is assumed that its frequency leaves to the right the centre frequency of atom,
At abscissa 15, during positive frequency hopping, microwave frequency is at 16, is inquired after, is obtained using laser acquisition by Ramsey microwaves
Clock transition signal size be in ordinate 17 at；During negative frequency hopping, microwave frequency is at 18, is inquired after by Ramsey microwaves,
The clock transition signal size obtained using laser acquisition is at ordinate 19, by the signal at the signal and 19 at 17 in data
Acquisition Processor 6 is made to obtain negative error signal after difference, by proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7 processing amplification after, feed back to by
Crystal oscillator 1 is controlled, makes the reduction of its frequency.Similarly, when microwave frequency leaves the centre frequency of atom to the left, quantized system 5 is provided just
Feedback voltage its frequency is returned to center, to ensure the stability of controlled crystal oscillator 1.
Clock transition signal depends on microwave and atomic interaction, and this effect is carried out in microwave cavity, thus appoints
What has influence on microwave and the factor of atom action intensity all can produce influence to the performance of atomic clock.Such as, the frequency of microwave, when
When the positive and negative off resonance of microwave frequency is equal, microwave is equal with the action intensity of atom in theory, but is due to the resonance of microwave cavity
The heart may not be strictly equal with the core frequency of atom, thus its stiffness of coupling may be different, namely produces chamber phase shift；Separately
One reason is that the speed component velocity of atom can produce different off resonances and microwave is offset from respect to its centre frequency, it is theoretic just
The action intensity of negative off resonance is no longer equal, so as to influence clock transition signal, and then influences atomic clock performance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided a kind of microwave phase modulation to lock atom
Clock, the atomic clock does not have microwave frequency off resonance, is favorably improved clock transition signal to noise ratio, improves the frequency stability of atomic clock.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock, its constitute include controlled crystal oscillator, frequency multiplication synthesizer, modulating oscillator,
Timing sequencer, quantized system, data collection processor and proportional plus integral plus derivative controller, it is characterised in that described modulation is shaken
Device is swung for microwave phase modulation oscillator, and the input of described controlled crystal oscillator is defeated with described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller
Go out end to be connected, the described output end of controlled crystal oscillator first provides standard frequency output, the described output end of controlled crystal oscillator second with
The first input end of described frequency multiplication synthesizer is connected；The first input end of described frequency multiplication synthesizer and described controlled crystal oscillator
The second output end be connected, the second input of described frequency multiplication synthesizer is connected with the output end of described modulating oscillator；
The input of described modulating oscillator is connected with the output end of described timing sequencer；The output of described modulating oscillator
End is connected with the described input of frequency multiplication synthesizer second；The output end of the frequency multiplication synthesizer is defeated with described quantized system
Enter end to be connected；Described quantized system output end is connected with the input of described data collection processor, and described data are adopted
Set processor output end is connected with the input of described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller；Described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller
Output end be connected with the input of described controlled crystal oscillator, described timing sequencer vibrates described microwave phase modulation
Device is in a cycle by 0 °~+θ~0 °~-θ phase place changes output modulated signal to the micro- of described frequency multiplication synthesizer output
The phase of ripple signal is modulated, the later microwave signal of modulation and atomic interaction, is visited using the absorption process of laser
Survey, at microwave and atomic resonance, the signal that microwave phase+θ modulation is obtained is modulated obtained signal with microwave phase-θ and passed through
Described data collection processor collection obtains error signal after making the difference, and the error signal is again through described PID control
Described controlled crystal oscillator is inputted after device processed processing, the frequency of described controlled crystal oscillator is obtained stability contorting, described θ change
The absolute value of scope is 10 °~90 °.
Described θ absolute value is 90 °.
The technique effect of the present invention is as follows：
Be to maintain first with atom act on microwave frequency it is constant, the centre frequency of microwave and atom resonates always, thus
It can eliminate that microwave resonance spectral line is asymmetric, eliminate the influence of atomic velocity distribution.
Secondly, described timing sequencer (4) is by 0 °~+θ~0 °~-θ changes, described θ in a cycle
The absolute value of excursion be 10 °~90 °.
Again, the centre frequency of microwave and atom resonates always, and without frequency detuning, thus microwave and atom effect are effective
Rabi frequency is small, is favorably improved clock transition signal to noise ratio.It can improve the stability of controlled crystal oscillator, namely the frequency of atomic clock is steady
Fixed degree.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-level structure and microwave pulse frequency change schematic diagram of existing optical pumping atomic frequency standard
Fig. 2 is the loop block diagram of existing atomic clock
Fig. 3 is that the quantized system 4 of existing atomic clock produces error signal schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the microwave pulse phase place change schematic diagram of three-level structure and effect
Fig. 5 is that the quantized system 4 for locking atomic clock by microwave phase modulation produces error signal schematic diagram
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but the protection model of the present invention should not be limited with this
Enclose.
First referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the loop block diagram of atomic clock.As seen from the figure, microwave phase modulation locking atom of the present invention
The composition of clock include controlled crystal oscillator 1, frequency multiplication synthesizer 2, microwave phase modulation oscillator 3, timing sequencer 4, quantized system 5,
Data collection processor 6 and proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7, the annexation of above-mentioned part are as follows：
Described controlled crystal oscillator 1 is made up of, described is controlled as initial signal source an input and two output ends
The input of crystal oscillator 1 is connected with the output end of described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 8, receives direct current correction voltage, described
The controlled output end of crystal oscillator 1 first provides standard frequency output, and the second output end provides excitation output, with described frequency multiplication synthesizer
2 first input ends are connected.Described frequency multiplication synthesizer 2 has two inputs and an output end, described frequency multiplication synthesizer 2
First input end is connected with the described output end of controlled crystal oscillator 1 second, the second input of described frequency multiplication synthesizer 2 with it is described
Microwave phase modulation oscillator 3 output end be connected.The output end of the frequency multiplication synthesizer 2 and described quantized system 5
Input is connected.Described microwave phase modulation oscillator 3 has an input and an output end, described microwave phase
The input of modulating oscillator 3 is connected with the output end of described timing sequencer 4.Described microwave phase modulation oscillator 3
Output end be connected with the second input of described frequency multiplication synthesizer 2.The output end of described timing sequencer 4 with it is described
The input of microwave phase modulation oscillator 3 is connected.Described quantized system 5 has an input and an output end, institute
The input for the quantized system 5 stated is connected with the output end of described frequency multiplication synthesizer 2, the output end of described quantized system 5
It is connected with the input of described data collection processor 6.Described data collection processor 6 has an input and one
Output end, the input of described data collection processor 6 is connected with the output end of described quantized system 5, described data
The output end of Acquisition Processor 6 is connected with the input of described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7.Described PID
Controller 7 has an input and an output end, the input of described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7 and described number
It is connected according to the output end of Acquisition Processor 6.The output end of described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7 and described controlled crystal oscillator 1
Input be connected.
Described quantized system 5 produces the process of error signal as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
1. using laser 01 by energy level 03 (| 5S1/2, F=2>) on atom evacuate, close laser 01, at this moment along with micro-
Ripple 02, first acts on the first microwave pulse, and its phase is 0 °, after the first microwave pulse is finished, and closes microwave 02, atom is freely drilled
Change, after the free evolution time, act on the second microwave pulse, now the phase of second microwave pulse is by described microwave
Phase modulation generator 3 is changed, and is differed with the phase of the first microwave pulse as+θ °, after second microwave pulse is finished,
Recycle the laser 01 in described quantized system 5 to carry out absorption process detection, detect clock transition probability on energy level 03, sent out
The information of raw clock transition, is output to described data collection processor 6.Now for atom, equivalent to its Ramsey
Relative to 0 °~0 ° of striped (two microwave pulse phases are all 0 °) there occurs positive movement, corresponding to Ramsey stripeds in Fig. 5
It is moved to by 21 at 22；
2. after last clock transition detection is completed, proceed the pumping of laser 01, by energy level 03 (| 5S1/2, F=2>) on
Atom evacuate, close laser 01, at this moment along with microwave 02, first act on the first microwave pulse, its phase is set to 0 °, first is micro-
After wave impulse is finished, microwave 02 is closed, atom freely develops, after the free evolution time, acts on the second microwave pulse,
Now the phase of the second microwave pulse is changed by described microwave phase modulation oscillator 3, the phase with the first microwave pulse
Difference-θ, after the second microwave pulse is finished, recycles the laser 01 in described quantized system 5 to carry out clock on energy level 03 and jumps
The detection of probability is moved, the information for occurring clock transition is obtained, is output to described data collection processor 6.Now relative to atom
For, moved backward equivalent to its Ramsey striped (situation of 0 ° of -0 ° of effect of microwave pulse), corresponding in Fig. 5
Ramsey stripeds are moved at 23 by 21；
3. the timing diagram of laser 01 is 05, microwave timing diagram and microwave phase timing diagram are 06.When microwave frequency and original
During sub- transition resonance, namely its frequency is at abscissa 24, by two kinds of microwave pulse phases：0 °~+θ and 0 °~-θ is acted on
The signal magnitude for the clock transition arrived all in ordinate 25 at, the mistake now obtained after described data collection processor 6
Difference signal is zero.
4. when the frequency of microwave is due to external disturbance, when leaving atomic transition resonance point, such as microwave frequency is deviated to the right,
At abscissa 26, by two kinds of microwave pulse phases：The signal magnitude point for the clock transition that 0 °~+θ and 0 °~-θ effects are obtained
In Fig. 5 at ordinate 28 and 27, it Dui Yingyu not now be made the difference by described data collection processor 6 and obtain error signal, then led to
Cross after the described amplification of proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7, be added on described controlled crystal oscillator 1, make the frequency of described controlled crystal oscillator 1
Rate is returned at centre frequency, and then locks the frequency of atomic clock.Return to centre frequency controlled crystal oscillator frequency after frequency multiplication with
Atomic spectral line is overlapped, and no longer produces error signal, perturbation brings it about movement until next time.
5. when the frequency of microwave is due to external disturbance, when leaving atomic transition resonance point, such as microwave frequency is deviated to the left
When, by two kinds of microwave pulse phases：The signal for the clock transition that 0 °~+θ and 0 °~-θ effects are obtained, by described data acquisition
Reason device 6, which makes the difference, obtains error signal, after amplifying by described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller 7, is added to described controlled crystal oscillator 1
On, the frequency of described controlled crystal oscillator 1 is returned at centre frequency, and then lock the frequency of atomic clock.Return to centre frequency
The frequency of controlled crystal oscillator is overlapped after frequency multiplication with atomic spectral line, no longer produces error signal, and until next time, perturbation is brought it about
It is mobile.
6. in a cycle, described microwave phase modulation oscillator 3 receives the sequential control of described timing sequencer 4
System, the phase place change for making microwave pulse is 0 °~+θ °~0 °~-θ °, corresponds respectively to previous Ramsey and inquires after the atomic time, the
One microwave pulse phase is 0 °, and second microwave pulse phase is+θ；Latter Ramsey is inquired after the atomic time, first microwave
Impulse phase is 0 °, and second microwave pulse phase is-θ.Such loop cycle.
Experiment shows that atomic clock microwave frequency of the present invention is constant, improves atomic clock transition signal to noise ratio, and then improve original
The frequency stability of secondary clock.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock, its composition includes controlled crystal oscillator (1), frequency multiplication synthesizer (2), modulating oscillation
Device (3), timing sequencer (4), quantized system (5), data collection processor (6) and proportional plus integral plus derivative controller (7), it is special
It is that described modulating oscillator (3) is microwave phase modulation oscillator to levy, the input of described controlled crystal oscillator (1) with it is described
The output end of proportional plus integral plus derivative controller (7) be connected, it is defeated that the described output end of controlled crystal oscillator (1) first provides standard frequency
Go out, the described output end of controlled crystal oscillator (1) second is connected with the first input end of described frequency multiplication synthesizer (2)；Described times
Second input of frequency synthesizer (2) is connected with the output end of described modulating oscillator (3)；Described modulating oscillator (3)
Input be connected with the output end of described timing sequencer (4)；The output end of described modulating oscillator (3) with it is described
The input of frequency multiplication synthesizer (2) second is connected；The output end of the frequency multiplication synthesizer (2) is defeated with described quantized system (5)
Enter end to be connected；Described quantized system (5) output end is connected with the input of described data collection processor (6), described
Data collection processor (6) output end is connected with the input of described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller (7)；Described ratio product
The output end of derivative controller (7) is divided to be connected with the input of described controlled crystal oscillator (1), described timing sequencer (4) makes
Described microwave phase modulation oscillator exports modulated signal to institute in a cycle by 0 °~+θ~0 °~-θ phase place changes
The phase of the microwave signal for frequency multiplication synthesizer (2) output stated is modulated, and modulates later microwave signal and atom phase interaction
With, detected using the absorption process of laser, at microwave and atomic resonance, signal and microwave that microwave phase+θ modulation is obtained
The signal that phase-θ modulation is obtained obtains error signal after described data collection processor (6) collection makes the difference, the error
Signal inputs described controlled crystal oscillator (1) after described proportional plus integral plus derivative controller (7) processing again, makes described controlled crystalline substance
The frequency of (1) of shaking obtains stability contorting, and the absolute value of described θ excursion is 10 °~90 °.
2. microwave phase modulation according to claim 1 locks atomic clock, it is characterised in that described θ absolute value is
90°。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410698258.3A CN104467838B (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410698258.3A CN104467838B (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104467838A CN104467838A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| CN104467838B true CN104467838B (en) | 2017-07-14 |
Family
ID=52913308
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410698258.3A Active CN104467838B (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104467838B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106773612B (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Improve the system and method for atomic frequency stability |
| CN107493102B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-06-30 | 周渭 | Method for digital phase-locking processing of passive atomic clock |
| CN110784217A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-11 | 浙江法拉第激光科技有限公司 | Cesium microwave atomic clock based on microwave-optical frequency modulation transfer technology and implementation method |
| CN111884653B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2022-06-24 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Device and method for stabilizing microwave cavity frequency of integrating sphere cold atomic clock |
| CN112987543A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-06-18 | 湖北师范大学 | Precise frequency spectrum reference method based on atomic ground state hyperfine structure reference and atomic clock |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1603984A (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2005-04-06 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Coherent arrangement imprisoned cold atomic clock |
| US7606546B1 (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2009-10-20 | Nvidia Corporation | Variable frequency clock generator for synchronizing data rates between clock domains in radio frequency wireless communication systems |
| CN102799103A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Rubidium atomic clock with high contrast ratio frequency discrimination signal |
| CN103152040A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 江汉大学 | Method for reducing atomic energy level transition dynamic detection frequency range of atomic clock |
| CN203399088U (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-01-15 | 北京大学 | Microwave circuit applied to CPT (coherent population trapping) atomic clock |
-
2014
- 2014-11-27 CN CN201410698258.3A patent/CN104467838B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1603984A (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2005-04-06 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Coherent arrangement imprisoned cold atomic clock |
| US7606546B1 (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2009-10-20 | Nvidia Corporation | Variable frequency clock generator for synchronizing data rates between clock domains in radio frequency wireless communication systems |
| CN102799103A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Rubidium atomic clock with high contrast ratio frequency discrimination signal |
| CN103152040A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 江汉大学 | Method for reducing atomic energy level transition dynamic detection frequency range of atomic clock |
| CN203399088U (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-01-15 | 北京大学 | Microwave circuit applied to CPT (coherent population trapping) atomic clock |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 正交偏振探测技术型脉冲光抽运原子钟研究进展;林锦达等;《激光与光电子学进展》;20130831(第8期);全文 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104467838A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104467838B (en) | Microwave phase modulation locks atomic clock | |
| Li et al. | Shortcut to adiabatic population transfer in quantum three-level systems: Effective two-level problems and feasible counterdiabatic driving | |
| Bi et al. | The mechanism of bursting oscillations with different codimensional bifurcations and nonlinear structures | |
| Turaev et al. | Long-range interaction and synchronization of oscillating dissipative solitons | |
| JP6429346B2 (en) | Ising model quantum computing device | |
| Brandt et al. | Grazing collisions of black holes via the excision of singularities | |
| Chen et al. | Shortcuts to adiabatic passage for fast generation of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states by transitionless quantum driving | |
| CN106877865B (en) | Alkali metal gas chamber atomic clock system | |
| CN102799103B (en) | Rubidium atomic clock with high contrast ratio frequency discrimination signal | |
| Dalvit et al. | Creation of photons in an oscillating cavity with two moving mirrors | |
| CN103326720A (en) | Atomic oscillator | |
| Zhang et al. | Evolution of linear wave dark matter perturbations in the radiation-dominated era | |
| Isaeva et al. | Hyperbolic chaos of standing wave patterns generated parametrically by a modulated pump source | |
| Meng et al. | Adiabatic fidelity for atom-molecule conversion in a nonlinear three-level Λ system | |
| CN105991133B (en) | The Coherent Population Trapping number beat frequency atomic clock and its implementation of synchronous coherent states field excitation | |
| CN104685788B (en) | The atomic oscillator and method for inquiring of coherent population trapping resonance | |
| CN104410416B (en) | Coherent Population Trapping Trapping of Atoms frequency marking and the method for improving its short-term stability | |
| CN105811972B (en) | A kind of pulsed coherent layout Trapping of Atoms clock magnetic field servo-system | |
| Kim et al. | Extreme nonlinear optics in a Kerr medium: Exact soliton solutions for a few cycles | |
| CN204721335U (en) | A kind of CPT atomic frequency standard | |
| Nizette | Stability of square oscillations in a delayed-feedback system | |
| Han et al. | Adaptive Bayesian algorithm for achieving a desired magneto-sensitive transition | |
| Vay et al. | Recent advances in high-performance modeling of plasma-based acceleration using the full PIC method | |
| CN104868913B (en) | A kind of Coherent Population Trapping Trapping of Atoms frequency marking | |
| CN103152040A (en) | Method for reducing atomic energy level transition dynamic detection frequency range of atomic clock |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |