CN104337556B - 弯转控制装置及外科手术器械 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，公开一种弯转控制装置及外科手术器械；弯转控制装置包括：控制为所述外科手术器械中末端执行器的弯转提供动力的电机旋转的控制电路；控制所述控制电路的断通与连接方式的触点机构和按钮机构，其中所述按钮机构包括第一开关按钮、第二开关按钮以及位于所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮之间的联动件，所述联动件分别与所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮连接，以实现所述第一开关按钮和所述第二开关按钮之间联动。上述弯转控制装置能够实现外科手术器械中末端执行器弯转时的单手操作，且操作安全性较高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别涉及一种弯转控制装置及外科手术器械。
背景技术
腔镜下的外科手术器械对于患者的操作创伤小，手术效果好，可大大减少给手术病人带来的痛苦。
以切割缝合器为例，切割缝合器包括操作手柄、细长体、和末端执行器；操作手柄用于被使用者握持和操作以提供控制和驱动，操作手柄的远侧(操作时靠近使用者的一侧为近侧，远离使用者的一侧为远侧)通过细长体与末端执行器连接，末端执行器用于在操作手柄的控制下对人体内腔的组织执行切割和缝合。
目前，为满足手术需要，腔镜下的切割缝合器中细长体远侧安装的末端执行器可相对细长体弯转；如，末端执行器直接枢接在细长体的远端，或者末端执行器包括执行部和连接部，连接部固定在细长体的远端，而执行部枢接于连接部等，下面以末端执行器包括连接部和执行部的外科医疗器械为例对末端执行器的弯转进行描述。
现有技术中的切割缝合器在手术过程中，执行医生需要一手拿持切割缝合器，然后通过另一只手通过旋转旋钮等来控制末端执行器中执行部的弯转。
因此现有技术中的切割缝合器在进行执行部弯转操作时，执行医生需要占用两个手来完成，拿持操作手柄的手保持切割缝合器整体的稳定性，另一只手旋转旋钮等实现对执行部弯转时的控制。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种弯转控制装置及外科手术器械，实现外科手术器械中末端执行器弯转时的单手操作，且操作安全性较高。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
一种外科手术器械的弯转控制装置，包括：
控制为所述外科手术器械中末端执行器的弯转提供动力的电机的控制电路；
控制所述控制电路的断通与连接方式的触点机构和按钮机构，其中所述按钮机构包括第一开关按钮、第二开关按钮以及位于所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮之间的联动件，所述联动件分别与所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮连接，以实现所述第一开关按钮和所述第二开关按钮之间联动。
优选地，所述触点机构包括：
位于所述控制电路内与所述电机的正接线端电性连接的第一触点、与所述电机的负接线端电性连接的第二触点、与电源的正极电性连接的电源正极触点、与电源的负极电性连接的电源负极触点；
设置于所述按钮机构上的两个触点连接部；其中
当所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮处于正转工位时，所述第一触点与电源正极触点通过一个触点连接部电性连接，所述第二触点与电源负极触点通过另一个触点连接部电性连接；
当所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮处于反转工位时，所述第二触点与电源正极触点通过所述一个触点连接部电性连接，第一触点与电源负极触点通过另一个触点连接部电性连接。
优选地，还包括被所述电机带动的随动件，所述随动件上设置有正转连接部和反转连接部；
所述第一触点包括：
正转触点，所述正转触点与所述电机的正接线端之间设有正转支路，所述正转支路中设有彼此分离的一对正转导条；
反转触点，所述反转触点与所述电机的正接线端之间设有反转支路，所述反转支路中设有彼此分离的一对反转导条；
当所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮处于正转工位时，所述正转触点与电源正极触点电性连接；当所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮处于反转工位时，所述反转触点与电源负极触点电性连接；
其中：
所述正转连接部可随所述随动件与所述一对正转导条滑动接触，以导通所述一对正转导条，导通所述正转支路；所述反转连接部可随所述随动件与所述一对反转导条滑动接触，以导通所述一对反转导条，导通所述反转支路；
随动件移动到电机正转的极限位置时所述正转连接部与所述一对正转导条脱离接触而断开所述一对正转导条，此时所述反转连接部与所述一对反转导条保持接触而使所述一对反转导条处于导通状态；
随动件移动到电机反转的极限位置时所述反转连接部与所述一对反转导条脱离接触而断开所述一对反转导条，此时所述正转连接部与所述一对正转导条保持接触而使所述一对正转导条处于导通状态。
优选地，每一个所述触点连接部包括两个电性连接的弹性顶针，所述触点连接部通过两所述弹性顶针实现相应的触点之间的电性连接。
优选地，所述第一开关按钮枢接于所述操作手柄的壳体，所述第二开关按钮枢接于所述操作手柄的壳体。
优选地，所述第一开关按钮的枢转轴与所述第二开关按钮的枢转轴平行，且所述联动件包括枢转轴与所述第一开关按钮的枢转轴平行的齿轮盘，所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮设置有与所述齿轮盘啮合的齿牙。
优选地，所述触点机构的两个所述触点连接部均设置于所述齿轮盘。
优选地，所述第一开关按钮的枢转轴与所述第二开关按钮的枢转轴平行，且所述联动件包括至少一根连杆，每一个所述连杆的一端与所述第一开关按钮枢接，另一端与所述第二开关按钮枢接。
优选地，所述联动件包括平行设置的两个连杆。
优选地，所述第一开关按钮具有向所述第二开关按钮延伸的延伸部，所述第二开关按钮具有向所述第一开关按钮延伸的延伸部，所述触点机构的两个所述触点连接部中，一个所述触点连接部设置于所述第一开关按钮的延伸部，另一个所述触点连接部设置于所述第二开关按钮的延伸部。
本发明还提供了一种外科手术器械，包括操作手柄、末端执行器、细长体和为所述末端执行器的弯转提供动力的电机，所述细长体的一端与所述操作手柄连接，另一端与所述末端执行器连接，还包括上述技术方案中提供的任一种弯转控制装置。
优选地，当所述弯转控制装置包括随动件时，所述外科手术器械还包括：
与所述电机的输出轴传动连接的螺纹丝杠，所述随动件与所述螺纹丝杠螺纹配合；
与所述随动件传动连接、且与所述末端执行器传动连接的传动组件。
优选地，所述传动组件包括：
可沿所述末端执行器的连接部的延伸方向移动的第一传动件，所述第一传动件的一端与所述末端执行器的执行部连接，所述第一传动件移动时驱动所述执行部弯转；
可沿所述外科手术器械的细长体的延伸方向移动的第二传动件，所述第二传动件与所述随动件传动连接，且与所述第一传动件传动连接。
优选地，所述外科手术器械为腔镜切割缝合器。
本发明提供的外科手术器械的弯转控制装置包括：
控制为所述外科手术器械中末端执行器的弯转提供动力的电机的控制电路；
控制所述控制电路的断通与连接方式的触点机构和按钮机构，其中所述按钮机构包括第一开关按钮、第二开关按钮以及位于所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮之间的联动件，所述联动件分别与所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮连接，以实现所述第一开关按钮和所述第二开关按钮之间联动。
本发明提供的外科手术器械电动弯转装置的弯转控制装置，执行医生在使用左手拿持外科手术器械时，可以通过左手拇指控制第二开关按钮调节触点机构中各触点之间的连接关系，以控制弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断以及连接方式，执行医生还可以通过左手的食指控制第一开关按钮调节触点机构中各触点之间的连接关系，以控制弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断以及连接方式，进而控制电机的动作，最终控制末端执行器的弯转。
同理，执行医生在使用右手拿持上述外科手术器械时，可以通过右手拇指控制第一开关按钮调节触点机构中各触点之间的连接关系，以控制弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断以及连接方式，执行医生还可以通过右手的食指控制第二开关按钮调节触点机构中各触点之间的连接关系，以控制弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断以及连接方式，进而控制电机的动作，最终控制末端执行器的弯转。执行医生操作上述外科手术器械时可以单手操控末端执行器的弯转，进而将另一只手解放出来控制其他器械；而且，第一开关按钮被操作时，联动件使得第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮的动作相关联，可以避免在第二开关按钮被误触碰时造成与第一开关按钮动作的冲突，从而避免因此造成的器械故障和手术危险，同理，第二开关按钮被操作时，通过联动件可以避免因失误触碰到第一开关按钮时而造成的器械故障和手术危险。
因此，本发明提供的弯转控制装置能够实现外科手术器械中末端执行器弯转时的单手操作，且操作安全性较高。
并且，本发明提供的弯转控制装置可适用于双侧操作，例如，无论左手或右手握持器械均可操作。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的外科手术器械的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中联动件为齿轮盘时的结构示意图；
图3为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中机械驱动部分的结构示意图；
图4为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中联动件为连杆时的结构示意图；
图5为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中控制电路的原理示意图；
图6为在图5所示控制电路原理图的基础上弯转控制装置中触点机构处于停机工位时的状态示意图；
图7为在图5所示控制电路原理图的基础上弯转控制装置中触点机构处于正转工位时的状态示意图；
图8为在图5所示控制电路原理图的基础上弯转控制装置中触点机构处于反转工位时的状态示意图；
图9为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中联动件为齿轮盘时齿轮盘的仰视结构示意图；
图10为本发明提供的外科手术器械中电机、螺纹丝杠以及随动件的一种传动结构示意图；
图11为图10所示结构中随动件滑动至左侧极限位置时反转导条与反转连接部、正转导条和正转连接部配合的结构示意图；
图12为图10所示结构中随动件滑动至右侧极限位置时反转导条与反转连接部、正转导条和正转连接部配合的结构示意图；
图13为本发明提供的弯转控制装置的一实施例的控制电路的电路示意图。
附图标记：
1，操作手柄2，细长体3，末端执行器
11，第一开关按钮12，第二开关按钮13，电路板
14，联动件41，电机141，触点连接部
142，触点连接部A，正转触点B，第二触点
C，反转触点D，电源正极触点E，电源负极触点
F，第一触点31，连接部32，执行部
411，输出轴412，主动齿轮42，螺纹丝杠
421，从动齿轮43，随动件44，传动组件
441，第二传动件442、第一传动件451，反转导条
452，正转导条432，正转连接部433，反转连接部
45，电路板
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种弯转控制装置、以及一种具有上述弯转控制装置的外科手术器械。为便于对弯转控制装置的工作过程以及工作原理进行描述，本实施例中对弯转控制装置描述的过程中引入了对外科手术器械的相关概念，因此，文中不再单独对具有上述弯转控制装置的外科手术器械的工作原理进行描述。
另外，在本发明各实施例中，“远侧”指该外科手术器械被操作时远离使用者的一侧，“近侧”则指该外科手术器械被操作时靠近使用者的一侧，“左侧”是指外科手术器械被操作时朝向使用者左手侧的一侧，“右侧”则指外科手术器械被操作时朝向使用者右手侧的一侧。
请参考图1和图2，图1为本发明提供的外科手术器械的结构示意图；图2为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中联动件为齿轮盘时的结构示意图。
上述外科手术器械包括操作手柄1、细长体2、末端执行器3、为末端执行器的弯转提供动力的电机和弯转控制装置；其中，弯转控制装置控制电机41正转时，末端执行器3相对细长体2向第一方向弯转，电机41停机时，末端执行器3停止弯转，电机41反转时，末端执行器3向与上述第一方向相反的方向弯转；而且，上述外科手术器械在控制末端执行器3弯转时，可以通过操控弯转控制装置具有的第一开关按钮或者第二开关按钮实现对触点机构的控制，进而控制上述弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断和连接关系，进而控制电机正转或者反转，最终控制末端执行器3的弯转以及弯转方向；具体操作过程中，执行医生只需通过拿持外科手术器械的一只手对第一开关按钮或第二开关按钮进行控制即可控制上述控制电路的通断和连接关系，进而对电机的旋转进行控制，实现对末端执行器3弯转的单手操控。为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，以下举实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
请结合图1参考图2和图3，图3为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中机械驱动部分的结构示意图。
本发明提供的外科手术器械的弯转控制装置包括控制为外科手术器械中末端执行器3的弯转提供动力的电机41的控制电路，优选地，上述控制电路可以制备在电路板13上；
控制上述控制电路的断通与连接方式的触点机构和按钮机构，其中，如图1和图2所示，上述按钮机构包括：
如图2所示，安装于外科手术器械的操作手柄1左侧且一端伸出操作手柄1的壳体、可在左侧操作的第一开关按钮11；
安装于外科手术器械的操作手柄1右侧且一端伸出操作手柄1的壳体、可在右侧操作的第二开关按钮12；
位于第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12之间的联动件14，联动件14分别与第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12连接，以实现第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12之间联动。
本发明提供的外科手术器械电动弯转装置的弯转控制装置，执行医生在使用左手拿持外科手术器械时，可以通过左手拇指控制第二开关按钮12调节触点机构中各触点之间的连接关系，以控制弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断以及连接方式，执行医生还可以通过左手的食指控制第一开关按钮11调节触点机构中各触点之间的连接关系，以控制弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断以及连接方式，进而控制电机41的动作，最终控制末端执行器3的弯转。
同理，执行医生在使用右手拿持上述外科手术器械时，可以通过右手拇指控制第一开关按钮11调节触点机构中各触点之间的连接关系，以控制弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断以及连接方式，执行医生还可以通过右手的食指控制第二开关按钮12调节触点机构中各触点之间的连接关系，以控制弯转控制装置中控制电路的通断以及连接方式，进而控制电机41的动作，最终控制末端执行器3的弯转。执行医生操作上述外科手术器械时可以单手操控末端执行器3的弯转，以将另一只手解放出来从事其他手术操作；而且，第一开关按钮11被操作时，联动件14使得第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12的动作相关联，可以避免在第二开关按钮12被误触碰时造成与第一开关按钮11动作的冲突，从而避免因此造成的器械故障和手术危险，同理，第二开关按钮12被操作时，通过联动件14可以避免因失误触碰到第一开关按钮11而造成的器械故障和手术危险。
因此，本发明提供的弯转控制装置能够实现外科手术器械中末端执行器3弯转时的单手操作，且操作安全性较高。
并且，本发明提供的弯转控制装置可适用于双侧操作，例如，无论左手或右手握持器械均可操作。
上述按钮机构中的第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12的安装方式可以有多种选择方式，一种优选方式中，第一开关按钮11可以枢接在操作手柄1的壳体上，且第二开关按钮12枢接在操作手柄1的壳体上。上述第一开关按钮11和上述第二开关按钮12直接枢接在操作手柄1的壳体上，能够简化弯转控制装置的结构。
当然上述弯转控制装置还可以包括一壳体，第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12还可以枢接在弯转控制装置的壳体上，提高弯转控制装置的集成度。
请继续参考图2，上述弯转控制装置中第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12之间的联动件14也可以有多种设置方式。其中，请继续参考图2，第一开关按钮11和枢转轴与第二开关按钮12的枢转轴平行，上述联动件14包括一枢转轴与第一开关按钮11以及第二开关按钮12的枢转轴平行的齿轮盘，而且，第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12上均设置有与齿轮盘啮合的齿牙。按压第一开关按钮11的远侧端或近侧端，可控制第一开关按钮11绕其枢转轴旋转，此时第一开关按钮11通过其设置的齿牙驱动齿轮盘绕其枢转轴旋转，同时，因为第二开关按钮12通过期设置的齿牙与齿轮盘啮合，因此齿轮盘绕其枢转轴旋转时，齿轮盘带动第二开关按钮12绕其枢转轴旋转，进而实现第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12之间的联动。
请参考图4，图4为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中联动件为连杆时的结构示意图。另一种优选实施方式中，第一开关按钮11的枢转轴与第二开关按钮12的枢转轴平行，第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12之间的联动件14可包括至少一个连杆，每一个连杆的一端与第一开关按钮11枢接，另一端与第二开关按钮12枢接。
当第一开关按钮11绕其枢转轴旋转时，第一开关按钮11带动连杆动作，连杆带动第二开关按钮12绕其枢转轴旋转，实现第一开关按钮11与第二开关按钮12之间的联动。
优选地，当联动件14包括连杆时，为提高第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12之间联动的稳定性，上述联动件14具体包括两个平行设置的连杆。
当然，上述第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12之间的联动件14还可以为其他设置方式，这里不再一一赘述。
请参考图5和图6，其中图5为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中控制电路的原理示意图；图6为在图5所示控制电路原理图的基础上弯转控制装置中触点机构处于停机工位时的状态示意图。
设定上述第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12均具有正转工位、停机工位、和反转工位。
上述弯转控制装置的触点机构包括：位于控制电路内与电机41的正接线端a电性连接的第一触点F、与电机41的负接线端b电性连接的第二触点B、与电源的正极电性连接的电源正极触点D、与电源的负极电性连接的电源负极触点E；第一触点F可以为一体式结构，也可以包括正转触点A和反转触点C，其中正转触点A与电机41的正接线端a之间设有正转支路，反转触点C与电机41的正接线端a之间设有反转支路；
设置于按钮机构上的两个触点连接部，如图6中所示触点连接部141和触点连接部142；其中
以第一触点F包括正转触点A和反转触点C为例，请参考图7，图7为在5所示控制电路原理图的基础上弯转控制装置中触点机构处于正转工位时的状态示意图；当第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12处于正转工位时，第一触点F的正转触点A与电源正极触点D通过触点连接部142电性连接，第二触点B与电源负极触点E通过另一个触点连接部141电性连接，电路板13内的正转支路接通，反转支路断开，此时，电机41的正接线端a与电源正极电性连接，负接线端b与电源负极电性连接，电路板13内的正转支路导通，电机41正转；
请参考图8，图8为在图5所示控制电路原理图的基础上弯转控制装置中触点机构处于反转工位时的状态示意图；当第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12处于反转工位时，第二触点B与电源正极触点D通过触点连接部142电性连接，第一触点F的反转触点C与电源负极触点E通过另一个触点连接部141电性连接，电路板13的反转支路接通，此时，电机41的正接线端a与电源负极电性连接，负接线端b与电源正极电性连接，电路板13的反转电路导通，电机41反转；
请参考图6，当第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12处于停机工位时，电路板13的控制电路断开，电机停机。
请参考图10、图11、图12以及图13，图10为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中电机、螺纹丝杠以及随动件的一种传动结构示意图；图11为图10所示结构中随动件滑动至左侧极限位置时反转导条与反转连接部、正转导条和正转连接部配合的结构示意图；图12为图10所示结构中随动件滑动至右侧极限位置时反转导条与反转连接部、正转导条和正转连接部配合的结构示意图；图13为控制电路的电路示意图。
一种优选实施方式中，如图13所示，当第一触点F包括正转触点A和反转触点C时，位于正转触点A与电机41的正接线端a之间的正转支路中设有彼此分离的一对正转导条452；位于反转触点C与电机41的正接线端a之间的反转支路中设有彼此分离的一对反转导条451；当第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12处于正转工位时，正转触点A与电源正极触点D电性连接；当第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12处于反转工位时，反转触点C与电源负极触点E电性连接；
上述弯转控制装置还包括被电机41带动的随动件43，随动件43上设置有正转连接部432和反转连接部433，其中：
正转连接部432可随随动件43与一对正转导条452滑动接触，以导通一对正转导条452，从而导通正转触点A与电机41的正接线端a之间的正转支路；反转连接部433可随随动件43与一对反转导条451滑动接触，以导通一对反转导条451，从而导通反转触点C与电机41的正接线端b之间的反转支路；
当电机41旋转时，正转连接部432随随动件43在正转导条452上滑动，同时反转连接部433随随动件43在反转导条451上滑动；当随动件43移动到电机41正转的极限位置时，正转连接部432断开一对正转导条452之间的电连接，进而使正转支路断路，电机41无法正转，末端执行器3弯转至其弯转行程的一个极限位置；但是反转连接部433任然保持一对反转导条451之间的电连接，保持反转支路的可导通状态，由于反转支路处于可导通状态，可通过电源开关导通反转支路而使电机41反转，从而可驱动末端执行器3向相反方向弯转。
当随动件43移动到电机41反转的极限位置时，反转连接部433断开一对反转导条451之间的电连接，进而使反转支路断路，电机41无法反转，末端执行器3弯转至其行程的另一个弯转极限位置；但是，正转连接部432任然保持一对正转导条452之间的电连接，保持正转支路的可导通状态，由于正转支路处于可导通状态，可通过电源开关导通正转支路而使电机41正转，从而可驱动末端执行器3向相反方向弯转。
优选地，上述正转导条452与反转导条451设置在电路板45上。
在上述优选实施方式的基础上，上述技术方案中提供的触点连接部141和触点连接部142中，每一个触点连接部均包括两个电性连接的弹性顶针，触点连接部通过两个弹性顶针实现相应的触点之间的电性连接。
请参考图9，图9为本发明提供的弯转控制装置中联动件为齿轮盘时齿轮盘的仰视结构示意图；结合上述弯转控制装置的按钮机构和触点机构，当联动件14为齿轮盘时，触点机构的触点连接部141和触点连接部142均设置于齿轮盘。齿轮盘绕其枢转轴旋转时带动触点连接部141和触点连接部142旋转，进而控制电路板13内控制电路的通断与连接方式。
优选地，上述齿轮盘和第一触点F以及第二触点B所在的电路板13相对设置，且触点连接部141和触点连接部142均设置于齿轮盘朝向电路板13的一面。
当然，联动件14为齿轮盘时，上述触点机构的触点连接部141和触点连接部142中，触点连接部142设置于第一开关按钮11，触点连接部141设置于第二开关按钮12。第一开关按钮11旋转时带动第二开关按钮12旋转，进而带动触点连接部141和触点连接部142旋转，进而控制电路板13内控制电路的通断与连接方式。
当第一开关按钮11和第二开关按钮12之间的联动件14包括至少一个连杆时，上述第一开关按钮11具有向第二开关按钮12延伸的延伸部，第二开关按钮12具有向第一开关按钮11延伸的延伸部，触点机构的触点连接部141和触点连接部142中，触点连接部142设置于第一开关按钮11的延伸部，触点连接部142设置于第二开关按钮12的延伸部。第一开关按钮11旋转时带动第二开关按钮12旋转，进而带动触点连接部141和触点连接部142旋转，进而控制电路板13内控制电路的通断与连接方式。
请继续参考图1和图2，本发明实施例提供的外科手术器械包括操作手柄1、末端执行器3、细长体2和为末端执行器3分别向两个相对的方向弯转时提供驱动力的电机41，细长体2的一端与操作手柄1连接，另一端与末端执行器3连接，还包括上述各实施方式中提供的任一种弯转控制装置。
通过上述弯转控制装置，执行医生可以在左手拿持外科手术器械时可以通过左手单手操作控制末端执行器3弯转，右手拿持外科手术器械时可以通过右手单手操作控制末端执行器3弯转，实现对外科手术器械中末端执行器弯转的单手操控，且控制时的安全性较高，并且适于双侧操作，例如，无论左手或右手握持器械均可操作。
请参考图3和10，图10为本发明提供的外科手术器械中电机、螺纹丝杠以及随动件的一种传动结构示意图。
一种具体实施方式中，本发明提供的外科手术器械中，当上述弯转控制装置包括随动件43时，上述外科手术器械还包括：
与电机41的输出轴411传动连接的螺纹丝杠42，随动件43与螺纹丝杠42螺纹配合；
与随动件43传动连接、与末端执行器3传动连接的传动组件44。
电机41驱动时，电机41的输出轴411带动螺纹丝杠42旋转，螺纹丝杠42旋转时驱动随动件43沿螺纹丝杠42的长度方向移动，随动件43移动时驱动传动组件44沿细长体2的延伸方向移动，传动组件44与末端执行器3传动连接，进而通过传动组件44驱动末端执行器3弯转。
上述随动件43可以是任何一种和螺纹丝杠42螺纹配合的部件，形状也不限定为块状，半椭圆球型或者半球型都可以，图3以及图10中所示的随动件43仅仅是列举一种具体结构，并非限定本发明的保护范围。
进一步地，螺纹丝杠42与电机41之间的传动连接可以通过下述方式实现：
方式一，请继续参考图3，电机41的输出轴411上同轴固定有主动齿轮412，螺纹丝杠42上同轴固定有与主动齿轮412啮合的从动齿轮421。
螺纹丝杠42与电机41的输出轴411之间通过相互啮合的主动齿轮412和从动齿轮421实现传动连接，齿轮啮合的传动方式稳定行较高。
方式二，电机41的输出轴411与螺纹丝杠42之间通过联轴器传动连接(联轴器的具体结构图中未示出)。
一种优选实施方式中，如图3所示，上述外科手术器械的末端执行器3包括执行部32和连接部31，末端执行器3中的执行部32通过枢转轴枢接于连接部31，连接部31与细长体2连接；上述弯转控制装置的传动组件44可以包括：
可沿末端执行器3的连接部31的延伸方向移动的第一传动件442，第一传动件442的一端与执行部32连接，第一传动件442移动时驱动执行部32弯转；
可沿细长体2的延伸方向移动的第二传动件441，第二传动件441与随动件43传动连接，且与第一传动件442传动连接。
电机41通过输出轴411驱动螺纹丝杠42旋转，螺纹丝杠42驱动随动件43沿螺纹丝杠42的延伸方向移动，由于第二传动件441与随动件43传动连接，因此，随动件43移动时驱动第二传动件441沿细长体2的延伸方向移动；第二传动件441与第一传动件442之间传动连接，第二传动件441沿细长体2的延伸方向滑动时带动第一传动件442沿连接部31的长度方向移动，进而实现对末端执行器3中执行部32的推拉，进而驱动执行部32绕其与连接部31之间的枢转轴旋转，实现执行部32相对于细长体2的弯转。
上述第二传动件441与随动件43之间的传动方式不限，优选地，第二传动件441与随动件43之间通过卡块和卡槽卡接。
上述第二传动件441可以为传动片，也可以为传动杆。
上述第二传动件441与第一传动件442之间的传动方式不限，优选地，第一传动件442与第二传动件441之间通过卡块和卡槽卡接。
具体地，上述外科手术器械优选为切割缝合器。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (14)
1.一种外科手术器械的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，包括：
控制为所述外科手术器械中末端执行器的弯转提供动力的电机的控制电路；
控制所述控制电路的断通与连接方式的触点机构和按钮机构，其中所述按钮机构包括第一开关按钮、第二开关按钮以及位于所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮之间的联动件，所述联动件分别与所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮连接，以实现所述第一开关按钮和所述第二开关按钮之间联动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，所述触点机构包括：
位于所述控制电路内与所述电机的正接线端电性连接的第一触点、与所述电机的负接线端电性连接的第二触点、与电源的正极电性连接的电源正极触点、与电源的负极电性连接的电源负极触点；
设置于所述按钮机构上的两个触点连接部；其中
当所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮处于正转工位时，所述第一触点与电源正极触点通过一个触点连接部电性连接，所述第二触点与电源负极触点通过另一个触点连接部电性连接；
当所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮处于反转工位时，所述第二触点与电源正极触点通过所述一个触点连接部电性连接，第一触点与电源负极触点通过另一个触点连接部电性连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，还包括被所述电机带动的随动件，所述随动件上设置有正转连接部和反转连接部；
所述第一触点包括：
正转触点，所述正转触点与所述电机的正接线端之间设有正转支路，所述正转支路中设有彼此分离的一对正转导条；
反转触点，所述反转触点与所述电机的正接线端之间设有反转支路，所述反转支路中设有彼此分离的一对反转导条；
当所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮处于正转工位时，所述正转触点与电源正极触点电性连接；当所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮处于反转工位时，所述反转触点与电源负极触点电性连接；
其中：
所述正转连接部可随所述随动件与所述一对正转导条滑动接触，以导通所述一对正转导条，导通所述正转支路；所述反转连接部可随所述随动件与所述一对反转导条滑动接触，以导通所述一对反转导条，导通所述反转支路；
随动件移动到电机正转的极限位置时所述正转连接部与所述一对正转导条脱离接触而断开所述一对正转导条，此时所述反转连接部与所述一对反转导条保持接触而使所述一对反转导条处于导通状态；
随动件移动到电机反转的极限位置时所述反转连接部与所述一对反转导条脱离接触而断开所述一对反转导条，此时所述正转连接部与所述一对正转导条保持接触而使所述一对正转导条处于导通状态。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，每一个所述触点连接部包括两个电性连接的弹性顶针，所述触点连接部通过两所述弹性顶针实现相应的触点之间的电性连接。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一开关按钮枢接于所述外科手术器械的操作手柄的壳体，所述第二开关按钮枢接于所述操作手柄的壳体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一开关按钮的枢转轴与所述第二开关按钮的枢转轴平行，且所述联动件包括枢转轴与所述第一开关按钮的枢转轴平行的齿轮盘，所述第一开关按钮和第二开关按钮设置有与所述齿轮盘啮合的齿牙。
7.根据权利要求6所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，所述触点机构的两个所述触点连接部均设置于所述齿轮盘。
8.根据权利要求5所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一开关按钮的枢转轴与所述第二开关按钮的枢转轴平行，且所述联动件包括至少一根连杆，每一个所述连杆的一端与所述第一开关按钮枢接，另一端与所述第二开关按钮枢接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，所述联动件包括平行设置的两个连杆。
10.根据权利要求8所述的弯转控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一开关按钮具有向所述第二开关按钮延伸的延伸部，所述第二开关按钮具有向所述第一开关按钮延伸的延伸部，所述触点机构的两个所述触点连接部中，一个所述触点连接部设置于所述第一开关按钮的延伸部，另一个所述触点连接部设置于所述第二开关按钮的延伸部。
11.一种外科手术器械，包括操作手柄、末端执行器、细长体和为所述末端执行器的弯转提供动力的电机，所述细长体的一端与所述操作手柄连接，另一端与所述末端执行器连接，其特征在于，还包括如权利要求1～10任一项所述的弯转控制装置。
12.根据权利要求11所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，当所述弯转控制装置包括随动件时，所述外科手术器械还包括：
与所述电机的输出轴传动连接的螺纹丝杠，所述随动件与所述螺纹丝杠螺纹配合；
与所述随动件传动连接、且与所述末端执行器传动连接的传动组件。
13.根据权利要求12所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述传动组件包括：
可沿所述末端执行器的连接部的延伸方向移动的第一传动件，所述第一传动件的一端与所述末端执行器的执行部连接，所述第一传动件移动时驱动所述执行部弯转；
可沿所述外科手术器械的细长体的延伸方向移动的第二传动件，所述第二传动件与所述随动件传动连接，且与所述第一传动件传动连接。
14.根据权利要求11～13任一项所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述外科手术器械为腔镜切割缝合器。
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Address after: 300457 Tianjin Binhai New Area Economic and Technological Development Zone, Fourth Street, No. 5, block B, floor 4 Patentee after: Tianjin Ricky surgical instruments Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 300457 Tianjin Binhai New Area Economic and Technological Development Zone, Fourth Street, No. 5, block B, floor 4 Patentee before: Reach Surgical Instrument (China) Co.,Ltd. |
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