CN104317799A - Visualization method suitable for personal geographical indication data - Google Patents
Visualization method suitable for personal geographical indication data Download PDFInfo
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- CN104317799A CN104317799A CN201410464308.1A CN201410464308A CN104317799A CN 104317799 A CN104317799 A CN 104317799A CN 201410464308 A CN201410464308 A CN 201410464308A CN 104317799 A CN104317799 A CN 104317799A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/957—Browsing optimisation, e.g. caching or content distillation
- G06F16/9577—Optimising the visualization of content, e.g. distillation of HTML documents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/953—Querying, e.g. by the use of web search engines
- G06F16/9537—Spatial or temporal dependent retrieval, e.g. spatiotemporal queries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a visualization method suitable for personal geographical indication data, and belongs to the technical field of data visualization processing. When the personal geographical indication data is processed, a background map is removed, points in a dense region are stretched and points in a sparse region are compressed so as to obtain an indication topological graph of which all geographical positions are displayed on one graph on a premise that orientation orthogonality is kept constant. Through the above process, the personal geographical indication data can be simply displayed, deformed geographical points still keep original relative position relationship, and finally, all position points can be displayed in the same graph. When the invention is compared with a text list and a common map, the search efficiency of the invention is superior to the search efficiency of the common map and is superior to the search efficiency of the text list when the amount of the personal geographical indication data is large.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data, belong to data visualization processing technology field.
Background technology
The geographical flag data of individual be issued by the equipment such as notebook, panel computer or mobile phone by individual comprise geographic position, the information such as the text relevant to individual, photo and video (circle of friends of letter as micro-in Tengxun or Sina's microblogging etc.).The business website of current maturation mainly contains two kinds of method for visualizing for these data.One is organized according to the time of delivering text and photographic intelligence, and another is then show on GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION data investigation to general map.
Locus only shows in lists in the mode of text or illustration by first method, and user cannot find oneself interested information using locus as entrance.Second method is a kind of traditional thematic data method for visualizing, but due to the feature of the geographical reference numerals of individual self, there is following two problems in traditional method for visualizing: the geo-spatial data of (1) and magnanimity unlike, the quantity of the geographical flag data of individual is very limited, but the change of the space density of flag data very greatly.(2) friend of the user of individual geographical flag data normally in oneself or its social circle, they generally only pay close attention to text and the photographic intelligence of individual or friend's issue, the basic geographic elements that road, place name etc. are common can't be concerned about, and easy these information of interference user quick sensing of geographic element too much on map.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data, to solve user existing for existing method for visualizing cannot find the easy interference user quick sensing of geographic element too much on oneself interested information and map problem using locus as entrance.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above and providing a kind of method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data, this method for visualizing is when processing individual geographical flag data, keep orientation orthogonality constant, the point of close quarters is stretched, the point of sparse region is compressed, and all geographic position are shown on a width figure.
Described method for visualizing rejects map background information, only shows individual geographical flag data, does not show unnecessary information of geographic elements.
The process of described compression or stretching is as follows:
1) to a little sort in x and y direction respectively, and be the initial sequence coordinate of each some assignment one;
2) compress or stretch along the direction initialization of X-axis and Y-axis each point after sequence respectively, after making compression or stretching, geo point position keeps original relative position relation.
Described step 1) in sequence coordinate only represent a little and some position between order, consecutive point sequence coordinate between differ unit 1.
Described coordinate figure is the same in one direction when two or more point, be then its assignment according to random order, the sequence coordinate figure between 2 still differs as unit 1.
Described when two or more point, coordinate figure is all the same in x and y direction, then need to check whether as same place, be then merged into 1 point.
Described step 2) in employing compression algorithm as follows:
For horizontal X-direction compression process from left to right, assuming that l is the set of k-1 X sequence coordinate figure identical point, now to a kth point V
kprocess,
with
be defined as on a kth point and l and be positioned at V
kabove and below and distance V
k, if there is not V in l set in the angle of two nearest points
kthe point of top or below, then will
or
assignment is 90 degree, when
with
all be not less than threshold angle θ, by V
kadd in the middle of l set, simultaneously by V
kand V
kbelow have some X coordinate that sorts to be moved to the left unit 1, otherwise before proving, k-1 point is compressed complete, and from a kth point, define a new set l, repetition said process, until X-direction is compressed complete.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is when processing individual geographical flag data, remove background map, under the prerequisite keeping orientation orthogonality constant, the point of close quarters is stretched, the point of sparse region is compressed, and then obtains the mark topological diagram that all geographic position all show on a secondary figure.The present invention can realize the geographical flag data of simple displaying individual by said process, and ensures that the geo point after distortion still keeps original relative position relation, and finally all location points can show under same map sheet.And comparing discovery with text list and general map, the present invention is better than general map on search efficiency; When individual's geographical flag data data volume is larger, be better than text list.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the generation mark topological diagram process flow diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the basic principle schematic simplified between adopted 2;
Fig. 3-a is that horizontal X-direction is to left-to-right compression process schematic diagram;
Fig. 3-b is that horizontal X-direction is to left-to-right compression process schematic diagram;
Fig. 3-c is that horizontal X-direction is to left-to-right compression process schematic diagram;
Fig. 3-d is that horizontal X-direction is to left-to-right compression process schematic diagram;
Fig. 4-a is longitudinal Y direction compression process schematic diagram from the bottom to top;
Fig. 4-b is longitudinal Y direction compression process schematic diagram from the bottom to top;
Fig. 5 is that original coordinates and algorithm generate coordinate contrast schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is text list interface, general map interface and mark topological diagram interface contrast schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.
A kind of method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data proposed by the invention is the method for visualizing (referred to as mark topological diagram) being applicable to individual geographical flag data (mainly text and picture data), object rejects map background, abandon the accuracy of raw data, only retain the relative position relation of data, the point of close quarters is stretched, the point of sparse region is compressed, finally obtains the mark topological diagram that any two points in the distance of X, Y-axis is 1.The specific implementation process of the method is as follows.
The proposition of mark topological diagram is mainly based on the basic theories of cognitive map (cognitive map), and under the basic theories of cognitive map instructs, the geographical data markers topological diagram of individual proposed by the invention follows following three cardinal rules.
1) terseness, mark topological diagram only shows individual geographical flag data, does not show unnecessary information of geographic elements.
2) orthogonality, the geo point position after distortion keeps original relative position relation, namely original point V1 a left side of V2 or above, distortion after some Vnew1 still will a left side of V2 or above.
3) no matter control with changed scale chi, be namely the some focuses in a street, or can show under the condition of a width figure across some geographic position in ocean.
The ultimate principle simplified between 2 as shown in Figure 2, first in the X-axis direction original point V1 and V2 is simplified, when between 2 o'clock, the angle of line is greater than or equal to threshold value, between 2, X-direction distance is reduced to 0, equally, simplify two points in Y direction, if when angle is less than threshold value, between 2, Y direction distance is reduced to 1.
The detailed process compressed the point of sparse region is as follows:
First to sort a little in x and y direction, be then the initial sequence coordinate of each some assignment one, sequence coordinate only represents a little the order between some position, and consecutive point no matter distance, only differs unit 1 between their coordinates.When two or more point, coordinate figure is the same in one direction, be then its assignment according to random order, the sequence coordinate figure between 2 still differs as unit 1.If two or more point in x and y direction coordinate figure is all the same, then needs to check whether as same place, be then merged into 1 point.
Then from left to right, compress according to X-direction.Assuming that l is the set of k-1 X-coordinate value identical point, now to a kth point V
kprocess,
with
be defined as on a kth point and l and be positioned at V
kabove and below and distance V
k, if there is not V in l set in the angle of two nearest points
kthe point of top or below, then will
or
assignment is 90 degree, when
with
all be not less than threshold angle θ, so V
kcan add in the middle of l set.Otherwise k-1 point is compressed complete before proving, from kth is put, defines a new set l, repeat this process.After X-direction compression, from top to bottom, repeat this process along Y direction.
For table 1 example points, this compression process is described.
Table 1
| Point | Original coordinates (longitude and latitude, unit is degree) | Sequence coordinate |
| V 1 | (101.693,23.4324) | (0,1) |
| V 2 | (102.705,25.0483) | (1,2) |
| V 3 | (106.716,21.9755) | (2,0) |
| V 4 | (113.629,34.7366) | (3,3) |
| V 5 | (116.321,39.9116) | (4,4) |
Assuming that threshold value θ is 30 degree.L set only has V
1a point.For V
2,
all be greater than threshold value θ, therefore V
2allow to add in set l, V simultaneously
2and V
2below have some X coordinate that sorts to be moved to the left unit 1.As shown in Fig. 3-a and Fig. 3-b, left side is example points original coordinates view, and shade represents l set, and right side is example points sequence coordinate view, and the solid line of overstriking represents l set, and now l set comprises V
1and V
2two points; For V
3,
wherein
be less than threshold value θ, therefore V
3do not allow to add in set l (as shown in Fig. 3-b and Fig. 3-c); Front 3 points are compressed complete, and new set l is from V
3start, repeat this process until X-direction compression complete (as shown in Fig. 3-d) always.
Y direction repeats this process from the bottom up, but at compression V
2there will be special circumstances during point,
all be greater than threshold value θ, but V
2point and V
1the conflict of some sequence coordinate, as depicted in fig. 4-a, in this case, V
2point then can not compress, and in the Y-axis direction after compression, can obtain final result figure (as shown in Fig. 4-b).
The same with compression algorithm to the point of close quarters its concrete stretching algorithm that stretches, no longer describe in detail here.
For in the X-axis direction, the concrete Implementation of pseudocode of this compression and stretching algorithm is as follows, and lstart represents the first point that l gathers, lend represents the terminal that l gathers, count represents number a little, and Xn represents n-th X sequence coordinate, and Xorign represents n-th X original coordinates.Δ represents the difference of 2 sequence coordinates, and Δ orig represents the difference of 2 original coordinates.X
jrepresent the angle of K point and n-th line.Limits represents the minimum spacing of 2 original coordinates, if be less than this value, then without the need to judging that the direct coordinate that sorted is set to interval 1.
Sort by X-direction
Fig. 5 is that left side is original coordinates figure according to this algorithm respectively for the generation result in 10,20,50 and 100 individual geographic position, and right side is the coordinate diagram that algorithm generates.Result shows, the intensive some region of original coordinates is keeping, under the prerequisite that relative direction is correct, being obtained for effective stretching.
In order to the quality with the more individual GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION topological diagram of traditional method for visualizing, this patent has carried out usability testing for 3 kinds of interfaces respectively: (1) text list; (2) general map; (3) topological diagram is marked, as shown in Figure 6.Text list interface is developed by VS2010MFC, and data can arrange according to time sequencing and place name, in elected during certain a line double click, can show information specifically.
General map interface is developed by Google Maps API, individual geographical flag data as a map overlay on Google Maps, more clear in order to allow geographical name lettering show, this patent have selected the initial background of remote sensing image as map of Google, the test result caused in order to avoid network delay is inaccurate, so the general map of the most of point of interest region of buffer memory and remote sensing image data, owing to shielding the query function of Google Maps, user can only by amplifying, reduce and roam and find required point of interest, when the some points of interest of user click, information specifically can be ejected.Mark topological diagram developed by VS2010MFC, operation and general map user interface similar, as shown in Figure 6, be text list interface from top to bottom successively, general map interface and mark topological diagram interface.
Experiment have employed the combination of the flag data of reason corporally (10,20,50,100) of 3 kinds of different user interfaces (text list, general map and mark topological diagram) × 4 kinds of varying number ranks.Experimental duties are mainly tested finds provided photo and relevant information thereof by three kinds of different user interfaces.Tested object mainly by school, 12 seniors (comprising 7 boy students and 5 schoolgirls) form, mean age be 21 years old (19-22 year), bore hole or correct defects of vision normal, and possess basic computation ability.
Experiment is divided into exercise and two stages of experiment.
First introduce whole experimentation and operation requirements by laboratory assistant, then laboratory assistant can show to tested the photo found required by experiment.Tested by mouse and keyboard operation, 3 kinds of dissimilar user interfaces accurately find corresponding photo as far as possible rapidly.
When tested energy is continuous be successfully completed task 3 times time, prove to be familiar with this experimentation completely, can the experimental phase be entered.Experimental phase, other side was all identical except data used are different from practice stage.Whole experimentation, can record tested test institute's deadline automatically.
Record screen software can record every tested operation video automatically.
Experiment statistics result is as shown in table 2, and when number≤20 of putting, on the time of searching, text list > marks topological diagram > general map.When the number put is more than 50 or 50, experimental result shows that mark topological diagram is better than text list slightly, but whether three's search efficiency has significant difference, also needs to be tested by variance analysis.
Table 2
By the different interface of variance analysis test and these two kinds of factors of varying number rank whether remarkable on the impact of experimental result, and estimate influence degree.Table 3 is experimental results of two-way analysis of variance.Can draw from above-mentioned data, user interface factors test statistics F value is 34.443, and inspection Probability p value is less than 0.05, and refusal null hypothesis, analysis result shows that different interface exists significant difference each other.Equally for the some number of varying number rank, also there is significant difference.
Table 3
Dependent Variable: running time
a.R?Squared＝.698(Adjusted?R?Squared＝.675)
Table 4 is multiple inspecting rear test results of user interface factors.In balanced subset table, text list and mark topological diagram are classified as subset 1, and general map is classified as separately subset 2.Balanced subset 1, it is 0.767 that two means compare Probability p value, much larger than the level of signifiance 0.05, therefore thinks text list and mark topological diagram there was no significant difference, and general map is classified as 1 group, therefore think that general map and other two kinds of user interfaces exist significant difference.
Table 4
Running time
Means?for?groups?in?homogeneous?subsets?are?display
Based?on?Type?III?Sum?of?SquaresThe?error?term?is?Mean?Square(Error)＝228.902.
a.Uses?Harmonic?Mean?Sample?Size＝24.000.
b.Alpha＝.05.
Carried out experiment with text list and general map compared discovery by above-mentioned, the present invention is better than general map on search efficiency; When individual's geographical flag data data volume is larger, be better than text list.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is applicable to the method for visualizing of individual geographical flag data, it is characterized in that, this method for visualizing is when processing individual geographical flag data, keep orientation orthogonality constant, the point of close quarters is stretched, the point of sparse region is compressed, and all geographic position are shown on a width figure.
2. the method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method for visualizing rejects map background information, only shows individual geographical flag data, does not show unnecessary information of geographic elements.
3. the method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the process of described compression or stretching is as follows:
1) to a little sort in x and y direction respectively, and be the initial sequence coordinate of each some assignment one;
2) compress or stretch along the direction initialization of X-axis and Y-axis each point after sequence respectively, after making compression or stretching, geo point position keeps original relative position relation.
4. the method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described step 1) in sequence coordinate only represent a little and some position between order, consecutive point sequence coordinate between differ unit 1.
5. the method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described coordinate figure is the same in one direction when two or more point, be then its assignment according to random order, the sequence coordinate figure between 2 still differs as unit 1.
6. the method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described when two or more point, coordinate figure is all the same in x and y direction, then need to check whether as same place, be then merged into 1 point.
7. the method for visualizing being applicable to individual geographical flag data according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described step 2) in employing compression algorithm as follows:
For horizontal X-direction compression process from left to right, assuming that l is the set of k-1 X sequence coordinate figure identical point, now to a kth point V
kprocess,
with
be defined as on a kth point and l and be positioned at V
kabove and below and distance V
k, if there is not V in l set in the angle of two nearest points
kthe point of top or below, then will
or
assignment is 90 degree, when
with
all be not less than threshold angle θ, by V
kadd in the middle of l set, simultaneously by V
kand V
kbelow have some X coordinate that sorts to be moved to the left unit 1, otherwise before proving, k-1 point is compressed complete, and from a kth point, define a new set l, repetition said process, until X-direction is compressed complete.
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| CN201410464308.1A CN104317799B (en) | 2014-09-12 | A kind of method for visualizing for being applied to personal geographical flag data |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410464308.1A CN104317799B (en) | 2014-09-12 | A kind of method for visualizing for being applied to personal geographical flag data |
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| CN104317799A true CN104317799A (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| CN104317799B CN104317799B (en) | 2018-02-09 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105118075A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-02 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Lossy compression method and device for vector spatial data |
| CN107749803A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-02 | 浙江宇视科技有限公司 | A kind of network topology layout method and device |
| CN109410626A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-03-01 | 杭州海康威视系统技术有限公司 | Website marker method, device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN110942371A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-31 | 北京金和网络股份有限公司 | Method and device for displaying merchants on map |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050162447A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-07-28 | Tigges Mark H.A. | Dynamic width adjustment for detail-in-context lenses |
| CN101783091A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2010-07-21 | 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 | Method for displaying a map |
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050162447A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-07-28 | Tigges Mark H.A. | Dynamic width adjustment for detail-in-context lenses |
| CN101783091A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2010-07-21 | 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 | Method for displaying a map |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105118075A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-02 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Lossy compression method and device for vector spatial data |
| CN105118075B (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2018-08-07 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of compression method and device of Vector spatial data |
| CN109410626A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-03-01 | 杭州海康威视系统技术有限公司 | Website marker method, device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN109410626B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2020-11-03 | 杭州海康威视系统技术有限公司 | Site marking method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN107749803A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-02 | 浙江宇视科技有限公司 | A kind of network topology layout method and device |
| CN110942371A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-31 | 北京金和网络股份有限公司 | Method and device for displaying merchants on map |
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