CN104308167A - Preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder - Google Patents
Preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104308167A CN104308167A CN201410496588.4A CN201410496588A CN104308167A CN 104308167 A CN104308167 A CN 104308167A CN 201410496588 A CN201410496588 A CN 201410496588A CN 104308167 A CN104308167 A CN 104308167A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder. The method comprises the following steps of step 1, smelting an IN718 alloy master ingot; step 2, processing the IN718 alloy master ingot into an IN718 alloy electrode bar with the diameter of 50 to 90mm and the length of 600 to 800mm, wherein the straightness of the electrode bar is controlled to be smaller than or equal to 0.1mm/m; step 3, placing the IN718 alloy electrode bar in a sealed furnace chamber protected by inert gas, rotating the IN718 alloy electrode bar at high speed, and heating the end part of the electrode bar by using a plasma gun to melt the electrode bar; step 4, atomizing the melted metal under the action of centrifugal force to enable melted metal to fly to form fine liquid droplets, wherein the liquid droplets are quickly cooled in inert gas to form spherical particles, and the spherical particles fall into a collector at the bottom of the furnace chamber to form the IN718 alloy spherical powder; step 5, under the protection of the inert gas, performing electrostatic separation processing on the prepared IN718 alloy spherical powder to remove non-metal impurities from the powder to obtain the pure IN718 alloy spherical powder. The method has the characteristics of good sphericity degree, fine particle size, low oxygen content and few impurities.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy spherical powder preparation technical field, relate to a kind of preparation method of INCONEL718 alloy spherical powder.
Background technology
INCONEL718 alloy (being called for short IN718 alloy) is a kind of austenite base, carries out the nickel base superalloy of alloy strengthening, between-253 ~ 650 DEG C, have good comprehensive mechanical property and corrosion resistance with the means such as solution strengthening, intercrystalline strengthening.IN718 alloy with the performance of its excellence and widely purposes in whole high temperature alloy industry, occupy absolute superiority, be widely used in the every field such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, oil, chemical industry and the energy.Due to the content of intensified element in IN718 alloy and kind more, alloying level is higher, adopts traditional distortion and casting technique, and ingotism is serious, and hot-working character is poor, difficult forming.For addressing this problem, scientific research personnel attempts adopting powder metallurgical technique to prepare high performance IN718 alloy.
In aerospace applications field, along with the development of metal fever isostatic pressed and rapid shaping (3D printing) technology, the performance of IN718 alloy powder is had higher requirement.While ensureing that powder has good sphericity (>=90%), also require that powder has fine grain (≤100 μm), low oxygen content (≤0.01%), the performance indications such as low inclusion content (≤10/kg).Traditional gas atomization, due to problems such as gaseous impurity content and inclusion contents, can not meet demand prepared by IN718 alloy powder.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder, being prepared the IN718 alloy spherical powder meeting aerospace field needs by the method; There is sphericity good, fine grain, low oxygen content, the feature of low field trash.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the melting of IN718 alloy master alloy ingot;
1) by essential element: the Cr of the Ni of 50-55 wt%, 17-21 wt %, the Nb of the Mo of 2.8-3.3 wt %, 4.75-5.50 wt %, the Ti of 0.65-1.15 wt %, the Al of 0.20-0.80wt%, surplus is Fe; Minor element: C<0.08 wt%, Mn<0.35 wt %, Si<0.5 wt %, P<0.015 wt %, S<0.015 wt%, Co<1.0 wt %, Ta<0.05 wt %, B<0.006 wt %, Cu<0.30 wt % carries out alloying ingredient, and wherein the raw material of Nb is the NbFe of Nb content 70%; Adopt vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, in vacuum induction melting furnace crucible, load half Ni, Co, Mo, NbFe, Cr, Ti, Al, in addition half Ni from the bottom to top successively; After material melts completely, insulation 30-60min, then carries out ingot casting casting, obtains In718 alloy melting once ingot after cooling;
2) remove the surface scale of melting once ingot, excision shrinkage cavity is also processed into consutrode, carries out vacuum consumable remelting, obtains the master alloy ingot of In718 alloy;
Step 2, it is 50-90mm that IN718 alloy master alloy ingot is machined to diameter, and length is the IN718 alloy electrode rod of 600-800mm, and electrode bar linearity should control at≤0.1mm/m;
Step 3, is placed in the sealed furnace indoor of inert gas shielding and makes its High Rotation Speed by IN718 alloy electrode rod, adopt plasma gun heating electrode stick end that end is melted;
Step 4, motlten metal is atomized and flies out under centrifugal action, and form fine drop, drop is cooled to spheric granules fast in inert gas, falls into furnace chamber bottom collector, obtains IN718 alloy spherical powder;
Step 5, under inert gas shielding, carries out electrostatic separation process to obtained IN718 alloy spherical powder, removes the non-metallic inclusion in powder, obtain pure IN718 alloy spherical powder.
Vacuum is kept to reach 5 × 10 in described step 1 before vacuum induction melting
-3more than Pa, during vacuum consumable remelting, vacuum degree control is at 0.013-0.13Pa.
In described step 2, electrode bar is fine and close, the defects such as nothing is loose, shrinkage cavity, surface roughness Ra≤1.6 μm.
In described step 3, inert gas should be helium, argon gas or argon helium gas mixture body, and in gas, oxygen content should be less than 0.01%.
In described step 3, plasma gun power should be not less than 150KW.
The rotating speed that in described step 3, electrode bar rotates should be 15000 ~ 26000 revs/min.
In described step 4, furnace chamber inwall should be smooth, without peeling off corrosion phenomena, can adopt stainless steel manufacture.
In described step 5, in inert gas, oxygen content should be less than 0.01%.
In described step 4 powder by atomization process, cooling water is adopted to cool furnace chamber.
Described step 4 collector is connected by thread seal with between furnace chamber.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder of the present invention, prepared the IN718 alloy spherical powder meeting Aero-Space demand by the method for High Rotation Speed centrifugal atomizing.The method is by the control to IN718 foundry alloy smelting technology and electrode bar preparation technology, and follow-up electrostatic separation operation, and the non-metallic inclusion quantity in IN718 alloy spherical powder is met the demands.Obtained the fine powder of particle diameter≤50 μm by the High Rotation Speed of electrode bar, inert gas shielding state avoids the pollution of elemental gas to powder.Furnace chamber inner surface, through polishing, can not pollute powder.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is centrifugal atomizing powder process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
A preparation method for IN718 alloy spherical powder, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the melting of IN718 alloy master alloy ingot;
1) by essential element: the Cr of the Ni of 50wt%, 17wt %, the Mo of 2.8 wt %, the Nb of 4.75 wt %, the Al of the Ti of 0.65wt %, 0.20wt%, surplus is Fe; Minor element: the C of 0.07 wt%, the Mn of 0.33 wt %, the Si of 0.4wt %, the P of 0.014 wt %, the S of 0.014 wt%, the Co of 0.9 wt %, 0.04 wt %Ta, the B of 0.006 wt %, the Cu of 0.25 wt % carries out alloying ingredient, and wherein the raw material of Nb is the NbFe of Nb content 70%; Adopting vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, is 5 × 10 in vacuum
-3in the vacuum induction melting furnace crucible of Pa, load half Ni, Co, Mo, NbFe, Cr, Ti, Al, in addition half Ni from the bottom to top successively; After material melts completely, insulation 30min, then carries out ingot casting casting, obtains In718 alloy melting once ingot after cooling;
2) remove the surface scale of melting once ingot, excision shrinkage cavity is also processed into consutrode, and carry out vacuum consumable remelting, vacuum degree control, at 0.04Pa, obtains the master alloy ingot of In718 alloy;
Step 2, it is 50mm that IN718 master alloy ingot chemical composition being met standard-required is processed into diameter, length is the IN718 alloy electrode rod of 600mm, excises shrinkage cavity, loose defect in process, adopts turning or grinding to make electrode bar surface roughness Ra≤1.6 μm;
Step 3, by indoor for the sealed furnace that IN718 alloy electrode rod is placed in the protection of helium, argon gas or argon helium gas mixture body, and makes it with the rotating speed High Rotation Speed of 15000 revs/min, adopts the plasma gun heating electrode stick end of power 150KW that end is melted;
Step 4, after atomized drop is rapidly solidificated into spherical powder, slide in the collector below furnace chamber along smooth furnace chamber inwall under gravity, cool with cooling water to furnace chamber, collector is tightly connected by screw thread and furnace chamber;
Step 5, is placed at the spherical powder in collector in the electrostatic separating device under inert gas shielding, starts the non-metallic inclusion in electrostatic separating device removal powder, obtains pure IN718 alloy spherical powder.
The beneficial effect of the present embodiment is:
The preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder of the present invention, by adopting bigeminy or three smelting technologies to prepare IN718 foundry alloy, eliminating the component segregation of electrode bar and loosening, the defect such as to be mingled with.The centrifugal force utilizing electrode bar High Rotation Speed to produce make motlten metal formed fine drop, drop in process of setting owing to solidifying formation spheric granules under surface tension effects.By metal and nonmetal between the difference of electrical property, adopt electrostatic separating method to remove non-metallic inclusion in alloy.Finally obtain fine grain (≤100 μm), low oxygen content (≤0.01%), the high-quality IN718 alloy spherical powder of low inclusion content (≤10/kg), meets aerospace applications demand.
Embodiment 2
A preparation method for IN718 alloy spherical powder, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the melting of IN718 alloy master alloy ingot;
1) by essential element: the Cr of the Ni of 53wt%, 19wt %, the Mo of 3.0 wt %, the Nb of 5.15 wt %, the Al of the Ti of 0.9wt %, 0.60wt%, surplus is Fe; Minor element: the C of 0.05 wt%, the Mn of 0.25 wt %, the Si of 0.3wt %, the P of 0.01 wt %, the S of 0.01 wt%, the Co of 0.8 wt %, 0.03 wt %Ta, the B of 0.005 wt %, the Cu of 0.2 wt % carries out alloying ingredient, and wherein the raw material of Nb is the NbFe of Nb content 70%; Adopting vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, is 2.5 × 10 in vacuum
-3in the vacuum induction melting furnace crucible of Pa, load half Ni, Co, Mo, NbFe, Cr, Ti, Al, in addition half Ni from the bottom to top successively; After material melts completely, insulation 45min, then carries out ingot casting casting, obtains In718 alloy melting once ingot after cooling;
2) remove the surface scale of melting once ingot, excision shrinkage cavity is also processed into consutrode, and carry out vacuum consumable remelting, vacuum degree control, at 0.026Pa, obtains the master alloy ingot of In718 alloy;
Step 2, it is 70mm that IN718 master alloy ingot chemical composition being met standard-required is processed into diameter, length is the IN718 alloy electrode rod of 700mm, excises shrinkage cavity, loose defect in process, adopts turning or grinding to make electrode bar surface roughness Ra≤1.6 μm;
Step 3, by indoor for the sealed furnace that IN718 alloy electrode rod is placed in the protection of helium, argon gas or argon helium gas mixture body, and makes it with the rotating speed High Rotation Speed of 20000 revs/min, adopts the plasma gun heating electrode stick end of power 200KW that end is melted;
Step 4, after atomized drop is rapidly solidificated into spherical powder, slide in the collector below furnace chamber along smooth furnace chamber inwall under gravity, cool with cooling water to furnace chamber, collector is tightly connected by screw thread and furnace chamber;
Step 5, is placed at the spherical powder in collector in the electrostatic separating device under inert gas shielding, starts the non-metallic inclusion in electrostatic separating device removal powder, obtains pure IN718 alloy spherical powder.
The beneficial effect of the present embodiment is:
The preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder of the present invention, by adopting bigeminy or three smelting technologies to prepare IN718 foundry alloy, eliminating the component segregation of electrode bar and loosening, the defect such as to be mingled with.The centrifugal force utilizing electrode bar High Rotation Speed to produce make motlten metal formed fine drop, drop in process of setting owing to solidifying formation spheric granules under surface tension effects.By metal and nonmetal between the difference of electrical property, adopt electrostatic separating method to remove non-metallic inclusion in alloy.Finally obtain fine grain (≤75 μm), low oxygen content (≤0.01%), the high-quality IN718 alloy spherical powder of low inclusion content (≤10/kg), meets aerospace applications demand.
Embodiment 3
A preparation method for IN718 alloy spherical powder, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the melting of IN718 alloy master alloy ingot;
1) by essential element: the Cr of the Ni of 55wt%, 21wt %, the Mo of 3.3 wt %, the Nb of 5.50 wt %, the Al of the Ti of 1.15wt %, 0.8wt%, surplus is Fe; Minor element: the C of 0.03 wt%, the Mn of 0.15 wt %, the Si of 0.2wt %, the P of 0.008 wt %, the S of 0.008 wt%, the Co of 0.06 wt %, 0.02 wt %Ta, the B of 0.004 wt %, the Cu of 0.15 wt % carries out alloying ingredient, and wherein the raw material of Nb is the NbFe of Nb content 70%; Adopting vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, is 1.5 × 10 in vacuum
-3in the vacuum induction melting furnace crucible of Pa, load half Ni, Co, Mo, NbFe, Cr, Ti, Al, in addition half Ni from the bottom to top successively; After material melts completely, insulation 60min, then carries out ingot casting casting, obtains In718 alloy melting once ingot after cooling;
2) remove the surface scale of melting once ingot, excision shrinkage cavity is also processed into consutrode, and carry out vacuum consumable remelting, vacuum degree control, at 0.013Pa, obtains the master alloy ingot of In718 alloy;
Step 2, it is 80mm that IN718 master alloy ingot chemical composition being met standard-required is processed into diameter, length is the IN718 alloy electrode rod of 800mm, excises shrinkage cavity, loose defect in process, adopts turning or grinding to make electrode bar surface roughness Ra≤1.6 μm;
Step 3, by indoor for the sealed furnace that IN718 alloy electrode rod is placed in the protection of helium, argon gas or argon helium gas mixture body, and makes it with the rotating speed High Rotation Speed of 24000 revs/min, adopts the plasma gun heating electrode stick end of power 240KW that end is melted;
Step 4, after atomized drop is rapidly solidificated into spherical powder, slide in the collector below furnace chamber along smooth furnace chamber inwall under gravity, cool with cooling water to furnace chamber, collector is tightly connected by screw thread and furnace chamber;
Step 5, is placed at the spherical powder in collector in the electrostatic separating device under inert gas shielding, starts the non-metallic inclusion in electrostatic separating device removal powder, obtains pure IN718 alloy spherical powder.
The beneficial effect of the present embodiment is:
The preparation method of IN718 alloy spherical powder of the present invention, by adopting bigeminy or three smelting technologies to prepare IN718 foundry alloy, eliminating the component segregation of electrode bar and loosening, the defect such as to be mingled with.The centrifugal force utilizing electrode bar High Rotation Speed to produce make motlten metal formed fine drop, drop in process of setting owing to solidifying formation spheric granules under surface tension effects.By metal and nonmetal between the difference of electrical property, adopt electrostatic separating method to remove non-metallic inclusion in alloy.Finally obtain fine grain (≤50 μm), low oxygen content (≤0.01%), the high-quality IN718 alloy spherical powder of low inclusion content (≤10/kg), meets aerospace applications demand.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for IN718 alloy spherical powder, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the melting of IN718 alloy master alloy ingot;
1) by essential element: the Cr of the Ni of 50-55 wt%, 17-21 wt %, the Nb of the Mo of 2.8-3.3 wt %, 4.75-5.50 wt %, the Ti of 0.65-1.15 wt %, the Al of 0.20-0.80wt%, surplus is Fe; Minor element: C<0.08 wt%, Mn<0.35 wt %, Si<0.5 wt %, P<0.015 wt %, S<0.015 wt%, Co<1.0 wt %, Ta<0.05 wt %, B<0.006 wt %, Cu<0.30 wt % carries out alloying ingredient, and wherein the raw material of Nb is the NbFe of Nb content 70%; Adopt vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, in vacuum induction melting furnace crucible, load half Ni, Co, Mo, NbFe, Cr, Ti, Al, in addition half Ni from the bottom to top successively; After material melts completely, insulation 30-60min, then carries out ingot casting casting, obtains In718 alloy melting once ingot after cooling;
2) remove the surface scale of melting once ingot, excision shrinkage cavity is also processed into consutrode, carries out vacuum consumable remelting, obtains the master alloy ingot of In718 alloy;
Step 2, it is 50-90mm that IN718 alloy master alloy ingot is machined to diameter, and length is the IN718 alloy electrode rod of 600-800mm, and electrode bar linearity should control at≤0.1mm/m;
Step 3, is placed in the sealed furnace indoor of inert gas shielding and makes its High Rotation Speed by IN718 alloy electrode rod, adopt plasma gun heating electrode stick end that end is melted;
Step 4, motlten metal is atomized and flies out under centrifugal action, and form fine drop, drop is cooled to spheric granules fast in inert gas, falls into furnace chamber bottom collector, obtains IN718 alloy spherical powder;
Step 5, under inert gas shielding, carries out electrostatic separation process to obtained IN718 alloy spherical powder, removes the non-metallic inclusion in powder, obtain pure IN718 alloy spherical powder.
2. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that, keeps vacuum to reach 5 × 10 in described step 1 before vacuum induction melting
-3more than Pa, during vacuum consumable remelting, vacuum degree control is at 0.013-0.13Pa; In described step 2, electrode bar is fine and close, the defects such as nothing is loose, shrinkage cavity, surface roughness Ra≤1.6 μm.
3. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 3, inert gas should be helium, argon gas or argon helium gas mixture body, and in gas, oxygen content should be less than 0.01%.
4. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 3, plasma gun power should be not less than 150KW.
5. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that, the rotating speed that in described step 3, electrode bar rotates should be 15000 ~ 26000 revs/min.
6. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 4, furnace chamber inwall should be smooth, without peeling off corrosion phenomena, can adopt stainless steel manufacture.
7. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 5, in inert gas, oxygen content should be less than 0.01%.
8. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1 or 6, is characterized in that, in described step 4 powder by atomization process, adopts cooling water to cool furnace chamber.
9. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that, described step 4 collector is connected by thread seal with between furnace chamber.
10. the preparation method of a kind of IN718 alloy spherical powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, the melting of IN718 alloy master alloy ingot;
1) by essential element: the Cr of the Ni of 53wt%, 19wt %, the Mo of 3.0 wt %, the Nb of 5.15 wt %, the Al of the Ti of 0.9wt %, 0.60wt%, surplus is Fe; Minor element: the C of 0.05 wt%, the Mn of 0.25 wt %, the Si of 0.3wt %, the P of 0.01 wt %, the S of 0.01 wt%, the Co of 0.8 wt %, 0.03 wt %Ta, the B of 0.005 wt %, the Cu of 0.2 wt % carries out alloying ingredient, and wherein the raw material of Nb is the NbFe of Nb content 70%; Adopting vacuum induction melting furnace to carry out melting, is 2.5 × 10 in vacuum
-3in the vacuum induction melting furnace crucible of Pa, load half Ni, Co, Mo, NbFe, Cr, Ti, Al, in addition half Ni from the bottom to top successively; After material melts completely, insulation 45min, then carries out ingot casting casting, obtains In718 alloy melting once ingot after cooling;
2) remove the surface scale of melting once ingot, excision shrinkage cavity is also processed into consutrode, and carry out vacuum consumable remelting, vacuum degree control, at 0.026Pa, obtains the master alloy ingot of In718 alloy;
Step 2, it is 70mm that IN718 master alloy ingot chemical composition being met standard-required is processed into diameter, length is the IN718 alloy electrode rod of 700mm, excises shrinkage cavity, loose defect in process, adopts turning or grinding to make electrode bar surface roughness Ra≤1.6 μm;
Step 3, by indoor for the sealed furnace that IN718 alloy electrode rod is placed in the protection of helium, argon gas or argon helium gas mixture body, and makes it with the rotating speed High Rotation Speed of 20000 revs/min, adopts the plasma gun heating electrode stick end of power 200KW that end is melted;
Step 4, after atomized drop is rapidly solidificated into spherical powder, slide in the collector below furnace chamber along smooth furnace chamber inwall under gravity, cool with cooling water to furnace chamber, collector is tightly connected by screw thread and furnace chamber;
Step 5, is placed at the spherical powder in collector in the electrostatic separating device under inert gas shielding, starts the non-metallic inclusion in electrostatic separating device removal powder, obtains pure IN718 alloy spherical powder.
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