CN104279959B - A kind of new method of the fine length of use vector network analyzer precise measuring - Google Patents
A kind of new method of the fine length of use vector network analyzer precise measuring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of new method of the fine length of use vector network analyzer precise measuring, by introducing vector network analyzer and combining phase RZ technology, overcome back-scatteringme thod measurement accuracy poor, the shortcomings of impulse method disturbing factor is more, measurement distance is short, it compensate for that phasometer frequency measurement scope in traditional phase method is low, the deficiency of phase measurement stability difference.Because fibre-optical dispersion can cause the broadening of light pulse when optical fiber distance is transmitted, therefore the phase changing capacity produced when this method is transmitted in a fiber by measuring optical signal replaces the time quantum of optical pulse delay, the exact value for obtaining fiber lengths is calculated, so as to reduce the influence that fibre-optical dispersion is brought to optical fiber length measuring result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measure fiber lengths technical field, more particularly to it is a kind of accurate using vector network analyzer
Measure the new method of fiber lengths.
Background technology
Conventional optical fibre length measurement method mainly has three kinds of back-scatteringme thod, impulse method and phase shift method, back-scatteringme thod
It is the backscattering photo measure fiber lengths produced by the Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection when being transmitted in a fiber using light, profit
The optical time domain reflectometer developed with this principle is widely used in the construction and maintenance of optic communication links.This method is deposited
Inevitably cause the factor of error many, such as instrument resolving power error, optical fiber group index and back scattering are damaged
Consume coefficient etc..Therefore the measurement accuracy of optical time domain reflectometer is simply in rice magnitude, and with the increase of fiber lengths, measurement error
It is big also with becoming；Impulse method needs human eye observation's reference optical fiber and the superimposed pulses process of transmission light in tested optical fiber, Ran Houli
The length of tested optical fiber is calculated with the time difference of two pulses, this method has certain office in automatic measurement technology field
It is sex-limited, and be not suitable for accurately measuring long optical fibers；And traditional phase shift method due to by phasometer frequency measurement scope and
The influence of phase measurement accuracy, when measuring short fiber, measurement reproducibility is poor, and measurement accuracy can only arrive decimeter level.Cause
This, these three methods can not all meet demand of the laboratory to the accurate measurement of fiber lengths.
With continuing to develop for fiber optic communication and optical fiber sensing technology, Larger Dynamic scope, high-precision optical fiber length measuring
System has particularly important application value, to fiber lengths Registration, solves the problems, such as optical time domain reflectometer magnitude tracing
In be particularly important.Conventional optical fiber length measuring technology is mainly optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) at present, its original substantially
Reason is optical fiber incidence end face detection rear orientation light and Fresnel reflection light, and obtained electric signal carries out signal transacting again, so that
Obtain breakpoint location.Although this method measurement distance can reach kilometers up to a hundred, measurement accuracy is very limited, can only
Reach meter level.The precision of light coherent field reflection measuring set (OCDR) can reach 10 microns, and measurement dynamic range can reach
To several kms, but its stability and coherence to light source has very high requirement.Bing Qi in 2005 et al., which are proposed, to be based on
The asymmetric Sagnac interferometers of frequency displacement, this method measurement accuracy is up to micron order, and measurement single-mode fiber dynamic range is up to tens
Km.But the frequency of its interference signal minimum point is difficult to read, so software algorithm is difficult to realize.Beam in 2012 is strong et al.
The high-precision optical fiber length measuring system of proposition, by carrying out external modulation to DFB light sources, the light after modulation is after beam splitter
Circulator and tested optical fiber and reference path are respectively enterd, is then obtained by reading the time delay of two paths of signals on oscillograph
To the length of tested optical fiber.During due to measurement long-distance optical fiber, pulse stretching caused by fibre-optical dispersion can not ignore, therefore
Modulate method of the light again by pulse daley after up to a hundred kilometers of optical fiber transmission and read time delay, because pulse stretching is drawn
The uncertainty of measurement risen will be very big.Proposed within 2013 a kind of optical fiber length measuring system in person, be by frequency meter with
The method that pattern analysis is combined reads the time difference of modulation pulse to obtain the length of tested optical fiber.This method measurement accuracy can be with
Centimeter Level is reached, due to fibre-optical dispersion causes pulse stretching, therefore measurement distance does not reach kilometers up to a hundred, usually uses
To calibrate the length of multimode fibre and the length of short distance single-mode fiber.
Prior art has the following disadvantages：
(1) measurement accuracy of optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is not high, can only achieve meter level；And light coherent field reflection measuring set
(OCDR) measurement range is too small, it is impossible to carry out long-distance optical fiber measurement, and the requirement to light source is very high.
(2) strong et al. the high-precision optical fiber length measuring system proposed of beam is measured by adding faraday rotation mirror
Two-way time in tested optical fiber is poor, and this reduces the measurement dynamic range of system, system needs are in investigation mission outside the city or town in addition
Polarization Controller is added before device processed to be controlled the polarization state of optical signal, leverages the measurement reproducibility and stably of system
Property.
Therefore, the prior art is defective, it is necessary to improve.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to use vector network analysis there is provided one kind in view of the shortcomings of the prior art
The new method of instrument precise measuring fibre length.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of new method of the fine length of use vector network analyzer precise measuring, wherein, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Light path is set to connect, the light that Distributed Feedback Laser is sent after Polarization Controller and electrooptic modulator, then is passed through
The light crossed after optical attenuator decay is divided into two-way light by fiber coupler, and light is by directly passing through one of fiber coupler all the way
Branch is as reference path, and another road light is used as optical system for testing by tested optical fiber, then two ways of optical signals is respectively connected into two
On photodetector, the two path signal changed by photodetector is finally respectively connected to four port vector network analyzers
Two ports；
Step 2：First in the case where not connecing tested optical fiber, by vector network analyzer by two ways of optical signals phase difference
Zero, and select suitable frequency modulating signal scope and sample frequency to count；Tested optical fiber is accessed in tested light path again, arrow
The same modulation frequency range of amount Network Analyzer selection and sample frequency are counted and tested, by modulating frequency and each
Phase difference caused by the corresponding tested optical fiber because of access of Frequency point is preserved, and passes through formulaCalculating is tested
The length value of optical fiber；Wherein,The phase difference of reference path and tested light path during not add tested optical fiber, unit is rad,To add after tested optical fiber the phase difference for being tested light path and reference path, unit is rad；F exports for vector network analyzer
To the modulating frequency of modulator, unit is Hz；C is the speed of light in a vacuum, and c=299792458m/d is taken here；N is to be measured
The group index of optical fiber；When the tested optical fiber of access is shorter, by setting the pad value of optical attenuator to two ways of optical signals
Luminous power is adjusted.
The new method of the fine length of described use vector network analyzer precise measuring, wherein, in the step 2, institute
State two ways of optical signals phase difference zero.
Had the following advantages that using such scheme：
Phase place change when the 1st, being transmitted using vector network analyzer measurement signal, either measurement frequency scope or phase
Position measurement accuracy will be better than phasometer.
2nd, in the range of measurement frequency, vector network analyzer the phase cycling changed with frequency can be changed automatically into
Row statistical measurement, and then analyze by the phase actual phase variable quantity after tested optical fiber.
3rd, using normalized data processing technique, reduce reference optical fiber and auxiliary optical fiber length it is different and generation phase
Influence of the potential difference to measurement result, overcomes the difficult point for needing accurately to be measured zero phase in conventional method.
4th, using the Distributed Feedback Laser of multi-wavelength narrow linewidth, length that can be to single-mode fiber in four operation wavelength points is carried out
Accurate measurement, and influence of the dispersion to measurement result after optical signal is transmitted over long distances in a fiber is reduced, improve optical fiber
Measurement of length distance, can reach more than 100km.
5th, because the dispersion of long-distance optical fiber can cause the broadening of pulse, therefore this method is by measuring optical signal in optical fiber
The phase changing capacity produced during middle transmission replaces the time quantum of optical pulse delay, calculates the exact value for obtaining fiber lengths, so that
Reduce the influence that fibre-optical dispersion is brought to optical fiber length measuring result.
6th, compared with being combined by figure and judging the method for pulse matching, this method can be straight by vector network analyzer
The phase difference and corresponding frequencies point for obtaining tested optical fiber generation are connect, so as to be easier to realize the automatic measurement of software.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is attachment structure schematic diagram when the inventive method is tested.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The deficiency existed for current conventional optical fibre length measurement method, the present invention is led on the basis of traditional phase method
Cross introducing vector network analyzer and combine phase RZ technology, it is poor to overcome back-scatteringme thod measurement accuracy, and impulse method is disturbed
The shortcomings of factor is more, measurement distance is short, it is low to compensate for phasometer frequency measurement scope in traditional phase method, phase measurement stability
The deficiency of difference.In the case of known fiber optic group index, when optical fiber measurement length is less than 100km, measurement accuracy is better than
0.001m, when measuring length more than 100km, measurement accuracy is better than 0.01m.It is specific as follows：
Light path is connected as shown in figure 1, the light that Distributed Feedback Laser 101 is sent, again through Electro-optical Modulation after Polarization Controller 102
Device 103 is modulated, and 105 points by fiber coupler of the light after the decay of optical attenuator 104 is two-way light, and light directly passes through light all the way
One branch of fine coupler is as reference path, and another road light is used as optical system for testing by tested optical fiber, then two-way light is believed
Number it is respectively connected to O/E 107, O/E 106 and preamplifier 109, on preamplifier 108, will finally passes through photodetector
The two paths of signals for being converted to electric signal is respectively connected in the two of which port of four port vector network analyzers 110.Measured
Cheng Wei：, will by vector network analyzer according to light path is connected shown in Fig. 1 first in the case where not connecing tested optical fiber
In this case two paths of signals phase difference is zeroed, and vector network analyzer can select suitable modulated signal frequency in the process
Rate scope and sample frequency points.Tested optical fiber is accessed in tested light path again, same modulation frequency range is selected and adopts
Collection frequency count and is tested, it is possible to by modulating frequency and each Frequency point it is corresponding because access tested optical fiber cause
Phase difference preserve.Finally by formulaCalculate the length value for obtaining tested optical fiber；Wherein,For
The phase difference of reference path and tested light path not plus during tested optical fiber, unit is rad,To add after tested optical fiber by light-metering
Road and the phase difference of reference path, unit is rad；F exports the modulating frequency to modulator for vector network analyzer, and unit is
Hz；C is the speed of light in a vacuum, and c=299792458m/s is taken here；N is the group index of testing fiber.
When the tested optical fiber of access is shorter, it is necessary to which the luminous power of two paths of signals is adjusted by optical attenuator, from
And avoid the luminous power for inputting photodetector excessive and cause it to damage.Due to the polarization of the modulation efficiency light of electrooptic modulator
The influence of state, it is therefore desirable to Polarization Controller is added between light source and modulator, so as to ensure to input the steady of polarization state
It is fixed.The modulated signal of modulator is applied by a port of vector network analyzer, so ensures that signal
Source is consistent with receiver frequency clock, substantially increases the measurement accuracy and measurement reproducibility of fiber lengths.
In above-mentioned, two ways of optical signals phase difference zero.
Compared with " a kind of optical fiber length measuring system and measuring method ", the invention has the advantages that：
Phase place change when the 1st, being transmitted using vector network analyzer measurement signal, either measurement frequency scope or phase
Position measurement accuracy will be better than phasometer.
2nd, in the range of measurement frequency, vector network analyzer the phase cycling changed with frequency can be changed automatically into
Row statistical measurement, and then analyze by the actual phase variable quantity after tested optical fiber.
3rd, using normalized data processing technique, reduce reference optical fiber and auxiliary optical fiber length it is different and generation phase
Influence of the potential difference to measurement result, overcomes the difficult point for needing accurately to be measured fixed phase in conventional method.
4th, using the Distributed Feedback Laser of multi-wavelength narrow linewidth, length that can be to single-mode fiber in four operation wavelength points is carried out
Accurate measurement, and influence of the dispersion to measurement result after optical signal is transmitted over long distances in a fiber is reduced, improve optical fiber
Measurement of length distance, can reach more than 100km.
5th, because the dispersion of long-distance optical fiber can cause the broadening of pulse, therefore this method is by measuring optical signal in optical fiber
The phase changing capacity produced during middle transmission replaces the time quantum of optical pulse delay, calculates the exact value for obtaining fiber lengths, so that
Reduce the influence that fibre-optical dispersion is brought to optical fiber length measuring result.
6th, compared with being combined by figure and judging the method for pulse matching, this method can be straight by vector network analyzer
The phase difference and corresponding frequencies point for obtaining tested optical fiber generation are connect, so as to be easier to realize the automatic measurement of software.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the new method of the fine length of a kind of use vector network analyzer precise measuring, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Light path is set to connect, the light that Distributed Feedback Laser is sent, after Polarization Controller and electrooptic modulator, then by light
Light after attenuator decay is divided into two-way light by fiber coupler, and light is by directly passing through a branch of fiber coupler all the way
As reference path, another road light is used as optical system for testing by tested optical fiber, then two ways of optical signals is respectively connected into two photoelectricity
On detector, the two path signal changed by photodetector is finally respectively connected to the two of four port vector network analyzers
Individual port；
Step 2：First in the case where not connecing tested optical fiber, two ways of optical signals phase difference is returned by vector network analyzer
Zero, and select suitable frequency modulating signal scope and sample frequency to count, it is ensured that the phase difference change after incoming fiber optic does not surpass
Cross 2 π；Tested optical fiber is accessed in tested light path again, vector network analyzer selects to modulate with identical when not connecing tested optical fiber
Frequency range and sample frequency are counted and tested, and modulating frequency and each Frequency point are caused because accessing tested optical fiber
Phase difference preserve, pass through formulaCalculate the length value for obtaining tested optical fiber；Wherein,Not add quilt
The phase difference of reference path and tested light path when light-metering is fine, unit is rad,Light path and ginseng are tested after tested optical fiber to add
The phase difference of light path is examined, unit is rad；F exports the modulating frequency to modulator for vector network analyzer, and unit is Hz；C is
The speed of light in a vacuum, c=299792458m/s；N is the group index of testing fiber；When the tested optical fiber of access is shorter
When, by setting the pad value of optical attenuator that the luminous power of two ways of optical signals is adjusted.
2. the new method of the fine length of use vector network analyzer precise measuring according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the frequency modulating signal scope is 9kHz~2GHz, and sample frequency points are 801.
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