CN104217199A - Statistical method of semi-porosity based on close-range photogrammetric technology - Google Patents
Statistical method of semi-porosity based on close-range photogrammetric technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a statistical method of a semi-porosity based on a close-range photogrammetric technology. The statistical method comprises the steps of performing quick non-contact measurement on the pre-splitting surface and the smooth blasting surface of a step after blasting to obtain the spatial three-dimensional information of the pre-splitting surface and the smooth blasting surface, and building a step-surface three-dimensional DEM model, dividing the hole marks of a pre-splitting hole and a smooth blasting hole by use of an image recognition technology and dividing the length of one half of each blast hole according to the unevenness of the hole marks on the pre-splitting surface and the smooth blasting surface, collecting the semi-hole information of all the blast holes, and calculating to obtain the semi-porosity for evaluating the blasting effect. The statistical method of the semi-porosity based on the close-range photogrammetric technology is capable of greatly improving the statistical accuracy of the semi-porosity, reducing the statistical error and reducing the operation cost; the digital close-range photogrammetric technology is adopted so that more complete information of the pre-splitting surface and the smooth blasting surface can be obtained and the information of a blasting region can be stored conveniently, and meanwhile, the reliability of evaluation on the pre-splitting and smooth blasting effects also can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Half cast factor statistical method based on close-shot photography measure technique, be applicable to presplitting blasting and the evaluation of smooth blasting results in the Geotechnical Engineering fields such as mining, water conservancy and hydropower, traffic.
Background technology
In bench blasting, presplitting blasting and smooth[-surface, for the excavation of key position, play very important effect.Wherein Half cast factor is the very important index evaluating presplitting blasting and Smooth Blasting Effects.
In statistics Half cast factor data, traditional means are artificial skin's tape measure, hand computation, this also exists in engineer applied that error is large, precision is low, operating environment is dangerous and the shortcomings such as efficiency is low, the data reliability measured is lower, is not enough to thoroughly evaluating presplitting blasting and Smooth Blasting Effects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Half cast factor statistical method based on close-shot photography measure technique, improve the precision of measurement result and the reliability of appraisement system, considerable economic benefit and social benefit can be realized.
Principle of the present invention is: adopt up short technology to carry out fast speed non-contact measurement to the pre-broken face of quick-fried backward step and the quick-fried face of light, obtain pre-broken face and the quick-fried space of planes three-dimensional information of light, sets up the three-dimensional DEM model of step surface.By image recognition technology, divide the hole trace of pre-ceasma and light blast hole, and divide the length of each big gun hole half bore according to the irregularity degree of hole trace on pre-broken face and quick-fried of light.Add up the half bore information in all big gun holes, calculate the Half cast factor evaluating this demolition effect.
Based on a Half cast factor statistical method for close-shot photography measure technique, comprise the steps:
(1) lay 3 ~ 4 reference mark in photographed region, and utilize survey station basic point and total powerstation to measure the coordinate at reference mark, formation control point coordinate file;
(2) from the photo of different angle shots pre-broken face or quick-fried of light after quick-fried, utilize digital photogrammetry software to carry out the foundation of picture thing relational model, obtain the digital complex demodulation of shooting district and adjacent domain thereof, divide pre-broken face or light quick-fried scope of statistics;
(3) by image recognition technology, on digital complex demodulation, identify the hole trace of each pre-ceasma or light blast hole, and add up the length in each big gun hole;
(4) according to the three-dimensional point coordinate of the empty trace of each half bore, calculate the space line in each big gun hole, quick-fried district, add up the convex-concave degree of pre-broken face or region, light quick-fried big gun hole;
(5) add up each section of complete half hole length, add up, obtain half all hole length L
1, L
1with big gun hole total length L
0ratio, be the Half cast factor in this region.
The convex-concave degree of the pre-broken face of described statistics or region, light quick-fried big gun hole, refers to the three-dimensional coordinate by each big gun hole point, the space length D of calculating and this straight line; When this distance D is less than the threshold value of setting, then think that this place's half bore is complete; When this distance D is greater than the threshold value of setting, then think that this place's half bore is incomplete.
The advantage that the present invention is based on the Half cast factor statistical method of close-shot photography measure technique is:
1, the present invention can change in Half cast factor measuring process based on manually, labour intensity is large, security is low, the situation of inefficiency;
2, the present invention greatly can improve the statistical precision of Half cast factor, reduces statistical error, reduces operating cost;
3. adopt digital close range photogrammetry technology, more complete pre-broken face and the quick-fried surface information of light can be obtained, be conducive to the storage of quick-fried district information, also can improve the fiduciary level of presplitting and smooth demolition effect evaluation simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is reference mark and camera position floor plan.
Fig. 2 is pre-broken face half bore schematic diagram.
In figure, 1 is Blasting Excavation region; 2 is reference mark; 3 is excavation boundary line; 4 is camera; 5 is photographic base; 6 for photographic base is to the distance of bench floor; 7 is photo tomography projection light; 8 is complete half bore; 9 is incomplete half bore.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, some hydropower station builds slope blasting excavation, design presplitting hole depth 10m, aperture 70mm.Based on a Half cast factor statistical method for close-shot photography measure technique, comprise the steps::
(1) utilize giant to be rinsed well by the loosening sillar on this pre-broken face, leave complete pre-broken face basement rock;
(2) on this pre-broken face basement rock and adjacent domain thereof, reference mark is arranged, only need 3 reference mark in theory, the reference mark of more than 4 is often laid to reduce the error (reference mark is more, and images match is easier, and the error of the DEM of generation is also less) of DEM model in practical operation; Choosing for reference mark can be outstanding stone, also can be the measuring point of the mark such as to paint;
(3) total powerstation and survey station basic point is utilized, Survey control point coordinate, and formation control point coordinate file;
(4) take to focus distance the photo pair treating this pre-broken face from different angles; The camera that close-range photogrammetry uses can be measurement camera also can be non-metric camera (camera needs to carry out distortion correction).Must ensure that camera focus is constant in the process of shooting, the line (photographic base) of twice shooting point preferably with pre-broken face close to parallel, the distance of two shooting points should not too far, to ensure that left and right photo has larger registration.
(5) digital photogrammetry software is used to photo to carrying out the operations such as relative orientation, absolute orientation, generation core line, images match and matching result editor, final generation treats that the DEM model of step excavation face and adjacent domain thereof is (when the visual field of camera has in limited time, can subregion shooting, the DEM single mode finally generated each group is spliced into overall DEM model);
(6) utilize program on DEM model, divide pre-broken face scope, and utilize image recognition technology to identify the hole trace line in each big gun hole, add up the length in each big gun hole;
(7) by three-dimensional point coordinate in program and big gun hole, the three dimensions linear function in each big gun hole, quick-fried district is calculated.Add up the convex-concave degree of hole trace on pre-broken face, namely by the three-dimensional coordinate of each point, the space length D of calculating and this straight line.Get threshold value D
0=20mm, when D is less than design threshold D
0-time, think that this place's half bore is complete; When D is greater than design threshold D
0time, think that this place's half bore is incomplete;
(8) according to the coordinate of half bore complete segment, add up the length of each section of complete half bore, and count statistics, stored in database.
(9) according to the data of final statistics, Half cast factor (the half cumulative hole length L in all big guns hole, this region can be obtained
1/ cumulative big gun hole length L
0), also can obtain Half cast factor (the half hole length L in this big gun hole in each big gun hole
n1the length L in/big gun hole
n), to obtain more accurate statistical data.
(10) by presplitting face image data, DEM data and Half cast factor statistics stored in database, with use for future reference.
Claims (2)
1., based on a Half cast factor statistical method for close-shot photography measure technique, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) lay 3 ~ 4 reference mark in photographed region, and utilize survey station basic point and total powerstation to measure the coordinate at reference mark, formation control point coordinate file;
(2) from the photo of different angle shots pre-broken face or quick-fried of light after quick-fried, utilize digital photogrammetry software to carry out the foundation of picture thing relational model, obtain the digital elevation model of shooting district and adjacent domain thereof, divide pre-broken face or light quick-fried scope of statistics;
(3) by image recognition technology, on digital elevation model, identify the hole trace of each pre-ceasma or light blast hole, and add up the length in each big gun hole;
(4) according to the three-dimensional point coordinate of the empty trace of each half bore, calculate the space line in each big gun hole, quick-fried district, add up the convex-concave degree of pre-broken face or region, light quick-fried big gun hole;
(5) add up each section of complete half hole length, add up, obtain half all hole length L
1, L
1with big gun hole total length L
0ratio, be the Half cast factor in this region.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the Half cast factor statistical method of close-shot photography measure technique, it is characterized in that the convex-concave degree of the pre-broken face of described statistics or region, light quick-fried big gun hole, refer to the three-dimensional coordinate by each big gun hole point, the space length D of calculating and this straight line; When this distance D is less than the threshold value of setting, then think that this place's half bore is complete; When this distance D is greater than the threshold value of setting, then think that this place's half bore is incomplete.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107644119A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-30 | 四川大学 | A kind of Half cast factor automatic calculating method based on 3-D scanning point cloud |
| CN109269479A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-25 | 中科海慧（北京）科技有限公司 | Ancient building safety monitoring method based on spatial digitizer acquisition image |
| CN114186645A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-03-15 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Blasting half-porosity detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107644119A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-30 | 四川大学 | A kind of Half cast factor automatic calculating method based on 3-D scanning point cloud |
| CN107644119B (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2020-08-04 | 四川大学 | Automatic half-porosity calculation method based on three-dimensional scanning point cloud |
| CN109269479A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-25 | 中科海慧（北京）科技有限公司 | Ancient building safety monitoring method based on spatial digitizer acquisition image |
| CN114186645A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-03-15 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Blasting half-porosity detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114186645B (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-04-26 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Blasting half-porosity detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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