CN104198947A - System and method for estimating surplus capacity of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
System and method for estimating surplus capacity of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for estimating surplus capacity of a lithium ion battery. The system comprises a SOC (State-of-Charge) prediction module, an ampere-hour integration module, a full-charge and low-charge compensation module, an aging compensation module, a self discharge compensation module, an open-circuit voltage compensation module, a consistency compensation module, and a charging and discharging compensation module. The SOC prediction module regards a voltage U, a current I and a temperature T as input, a basic battery surplus capacity SOC1 is calculated according to the ampere-hour integration module and an initial SOC value. According to compensation values of the full charge compensation module, the aging compensation module, the self discharge compensation module, the open-circuit voltage compensation module, the consistency compensation module and the charging and discharging compensation module, the final battery surplus capacity is calculated. The invention provides a practical, effective and reliable method for estimating the usable surplus capacity for the lithium ion power battery. And by the aid of the method, effectiveness and service life of the battery are improved, and after-sale maintenance period of a power battery pack is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power battery of pure electric automobile systems technology field, relate to a kind of evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery residual capacity.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic growing, energy demand further improves, the cry of new energy technology is more and more higher, at present in automobile industry, further developing of pure electric automobile and Development of HEV Technology solved part energy problem, electrokinetic cell bag is as the main energy storage device that is mounted with electric battery on electric automobile, and as the power source of pure electric automobile, the quality of the runnability of battery directly has influence on the operational efficiency of automobile.
Battery management technology is exactly by detecting in real time and estimating battery state, temperature, electric current, DC internal resistance, polarizing voltage, SOC (residual capacity State-Of-Charge), maximum available, degree of aging and consistance etc., and provide accordingly the optimized use method of battery (group), both prevented that abuse and unreasonable use from appearring in battery (group), ensured security and the long-life of its use; Can bring into play to greatest extent its performance again, improve the efficiency of vehicle operating, the comfortableness of driving.SOC is the important parameter in battery management system, it is the direct reflection of battery electric quantity, the important information of continual mileage is provided for driver on the one hand, on the other hand also for administering and maintaining of electric battery provides important evidence, because the overcharging of battery, cross and put the decline that all can cause battery life, even there is burning or blast, cause serious consequence.Therefore the SOC of strict monitoring battery group is a vital task of BMS (battery management system Battery Management System).SOC is carried out to real-time online estimation, implement necessary control simultaneously, to guarantee the safety of electric battery, increase the service life.The residual capacity of SOC characterizing battery, and the key of course continuation mileage estimation.If the SOC error of calculation is excessive, can cause following problem: cause over-charging of battery, cross and put; The course continuation mileage error of calculation expands, client's complaint; Reduce electric vehicle utilization ratio, and the serviceable life of electric battery.
Summary of the invention
For correlative technology field document and above the deficiencies in the prior art, in a large amount of existing literature research and long-term on the basis of association area Development Practice, the present invention for lithium-ion-power cell provide a kind of practicality, the effective reliably evaluation method of residue active volume, improve battery validity and serviceable life, and the after-sales service cycle of reducing electrokinetic cell bag.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of estimating system of lithium ion battery residual capacity, and this system comprises SOC prediction module, ampere-hour integration module, full electric low electronic compensating module, compensation of ageing module, self discharge compensating module, open-circuit voltage compensating module, uniformity compensation module, discharges and recharges compensating module; SOC prediction module is using voltage U, electric current I and temperature T as input, according to ampere-hour integration module and initial SOC value calculating base batteries residual capacity SOC1, and repay module, open-circuit voltage compensating module, uniformity compensation module, discharge and recharge the final battery remaining power of compensation value calculation of compensating module according to full electronic compensating module, compensation of ageing module, self discharge benefit rate.
An evaluation method for lithium ion battery residual capacity, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps: step 1, employing ampere-hour integral method are calculated base batteries residual capacity SOC1; Step 2, according to self-discharge rate, calculate self discharge compensation modified value SOC2; Step 3, calculating cell degradation number compensation modified value SOC3; Step 4, calculating open-circuit voltage compensation modified value SOC4; Step 5, calculating monomer uniformity compensation modified value SOC5; Step 6, the full electric low electronic compensating module modified value SOC6 of calculating; Step 7, basis discharge and recharge rate calculating and discharge and recharge compensation SOC7; Step 8, according to formula S OC=(w1*SOC1+w2*SOC2+w3*SOC3+w4*SOC4+w5*SOC5+w6*SOC6+w7*SOC7)/(w1+w2+w3+w4+w5+w6+w7), w1 is ampere-hour integral method weight, w2 is self discharge backoff weight, w3 is that cell degradation is counted backoff weight, w4 is open-circuit voltage backoff weight, w5 is monomer uniformity compensation weight, and w4 is the backoff weight of working to the last minute, and w7 is charge rate discharge rate backoff weight.Described self-discharge rate η 1=f (T, t), t is the time.Described open-circuit voltage compensation modified value SOC4=f (V, T), wherein, V is open-circuit voltage Uocv, by temperature T, does parameter, from-40 ℃ to+60 ℃ every 10 ℃.Described charge and discharge rate η 2=f (T, I), wherein, does parameter by temperature T, from-40 ℃ to+60 ℃ every 10 ℃.Monomer uniformity compensation modified value SOC5=f (Ucell, I, T), wherein, Ucell is that SOC is monomer voltage.
The beneficial effect that the present invention possesses is: for SOC, calculate relevant influence factor, a kind of comparatively comprehensive and feasible computing method are provided, the error range of SOC estimated value is controlled in 5%.The present invention has comprised the correlative factor of calculating with SOC, voltage U, and electric current I, temperature T, as input, is the basic parameter of building SOC computation model.In conjunction with all kinds of factors, to SOC compensation correction, SOC estimation on line error is reduced greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SOC appraising model structural drawing of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the new power brick stagnation pressure of the specific embodiment of the invention and the graph of a relation of cycle index;
Fig. 3 be after the 1.5W kilometer of the specific embodiment of the invention power brick stagnation pressure and cycle index be figure.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by the description to embodiment, to the specific embodiment of the present invention as related control system, mutual annexation, and implementation method, be described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art to have more complete, accurate and deep understanding to inventive concept of the present invention, technical scheme.
All there is defect in the various electric battery SOC real-time online evaluation methods of application at present, can not reach the requirement of actual use.This is mainly because the SOC relevant with several factors (as temperature, previous moment charging and discharging state, polarization effect, battery life etc.) of electric battery, and has very strong non-linearly, brings very large difficulty to the estimation of SOC real-time online.Want to improve the precision of SOC real-time online estimation, need to deeply and carefully study at aspects such as measurement means, battery model and estimating algorithms.
Specific embodiment of the invention scheme is as follows: one, ampere-hour integration
Clean electric weight Q=∫ I dt
The dimension of Q identical with battery capacity (ampere-hour)
SOC=Q/Q0 Q0 – nominal capacity
SOC＝(1/Q0)∫?I?dt
Integral approach is summation: SOC=(1/Q0) ∑ I Δ t=(Δ t/Q0) ∑ I
Δ t: sampling period
Calculating SOC sues for peace to sample rate current
Write as iteration form:
SOCk+1＝SOCk+(Δt/Q0)Ik
Two, self discharge, aging number compensation
, there is the impact of self discharge on active volume SOC in long-term untapped battery, can set up the reference data of self-discharge rate under different temperatures, and SOC is compensated, and self-discharge rate is temperature T, the function of time t, η 1=f (T, t).
When time of repose is not while growing especially, battery can cause because of self discharge residual capacity to decline, and it is upper that this can be reflected to Uocv, so now BMS timing wake-up correction SOC can get rid of the impact of self discharge, raising SOC estimation precision.
On the one hand, battery is onboard during actual use, and like that according to certain fixing operating mode, entirely fills entirely and put unlike circulating battery test, and actual capacity is also not easy to obtain, so use often and carry out SOC estimation with rated capacity replacement actual capacity in reality; On the other hand, battery can be aging gradually along with the increase of cycle index and service time, and actual capacity reduces.As can not be regularly upgraded it, the estimation precision of SOC cannot guarantee.Can not effectively stop battery to continue electric discharge, thereby cause overdischarge, affect security, stability and long-life in battery use procedure.So SOH (battery health index State Of Health) is a factor must considering.Cell degradation is mainly and cycle index and power brick internal resistance, and temperature has relation, aging factor η=f (NUMc, R, T).
Three, V-I-T revises
Open-circuit voltage Uocv is voltage V, and the function of temperature:
SOC＝f(V，T)；
This function list represents: 3 dimension tables;
By temperature T, do parameter, from-40 ℃ to+60 ℃, every 10 ℃, then be divided into charging and discharging;
BMS timing wake-up compensation SOC.
In low temperature, large electric current charge and discharge, because the impact of charge and discharge multiplying power and temperature causes current car load can not continue charge and discharge, or residual capacity must meet battery actual conditions, and in this case, SOC should be revised by compensation.
Fill, put rate compensation, charge and discharge rate is the function of temperature T and electric current I:
η2＝f(T，I)；
This function list represents: 3 dimension tables;
By temperature T, do parameter, from-40 ℃ to+60 ℃, every 10 ℃, then be divided into charging and discharging;
Four, monomer uniformity compensation
Lithium ion battery adopts series system to connect more, because the aspects such as temperature of each monolithic accumulator each monolithic accumulator in manufacture, initial capacity, voltage, internal resistance and battery pack are all incomplete same, because the existence of these differences has caused the difference of monomer performance, battery in use for some time, it is large that monomer otherness can become, this will affect battery performance and life-span, therefore needs regularly battery to be carried out to equilibrium.The charge and discharge ability of power brick is actual be depend on a certain, two joint monomers, in order to prevent that in group, any battery occurs overcharging and overdischarge, must guarantee in the soc of all single batteries is between available area, thereby ensure electric battery security and the long-life in use.
Monomer consistance quality directly affects the estimation of SOC, indirectly causes the calculating of course continuation mileage, and client the most easily contacts and what pay close attention to is course continuation mileage and capacity prompt.
Set up uniformity compensation, the judgement of the highest, minimum monomer active volume in real time, SOC is monomer voltage Ucell, the function of electric current I and temperature:
SOC＝f(Ucell，I，T)
Can simulate the stand database of setting up car load actual condition, SOC is compensated.
Five, full electricity, low electricity are revised
Power brick through cycle charge and discharge, has cumulative errors, can when being full of electricity, carry out full electricity and revise 100%, and revise during low electric weight.
Main relevant parameters, monomer voltage Ucell, power brick stagnation pressure U, electric current I, charging set state, SOC=f (Ucell, U, I).Mainly, according to actual conditions, judge the condition that full electricity should meet, and whether low electric weight status is in the V-SOC linear approximate relationship stage.
Six, SOC calculates
SOC＝(w1?SOC1+w2?SOC2)/(w1+w2)
Wherein SOC1 is ampere-hour integral and calculating gained by coulomb counting
SOC2 is by compensating gained
W1 coulomb counting weight
W2 backoff weight
Weighting factor w1, w2 is by testing decision
Professional can also further recognize, the execution step of describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, these functions are carried out with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can specifically should be used for realizing described function with distinct methods to each, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment; do not departing under spirit of the present invention and real situation thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art can make according to the present invention various corresponding changes and distortion; these are tackled mutually the modification that the present invention carries out or are equal to replacement, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the scope of claim protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an estimating system for lithium ion battery residual capacity, is characterized in that: this system comprises SOC prediction module, ampere-hour integration module, full electric low electronic compensating module, compensation of ageing module, self discharge compensating module, open-circuit voltage compensating module, uniformity compensation module, discharges and recharges compensating module; SOC prediction module is using voltage U, electric current I and temperature T as input, according to ampere-hour integration module and initial SOC value calculating base batteries residual capacity SOC1, and according to the low electronic compensating module of full electricity, compensation of ageing module, self discharge compensating module, open-circuit voltage compensating module, uniformity compensation module, discharge and recharge the final battery remaining power of compensation value calculation of compensating module.
2. the evaluation method of lithium ion battery residual capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, employing ampere-hour integral method are calculated base batteries residual capacity SOC1;
Step 2, according to self-discharge rate, calculate self discharge compensation modified value SOC2;
Step 3, calculating cell degradation number compensation modified value SOC3;
Step 4, calculating open-circuit voltage compensation modified value SOC4;
Step 5, calculating monomer uniformity compensation modified value SOC5;
Step 6, the full electricity of calculating, low electronic compensating modified value SOC6;
Step 7, basis discharge and recharge rate calculating and discharge and recharge compensation SOC7;
Step 8, according to formula S OC=(w1*SOC1+w2*SOC2+w3*SOC3+w4*SOC4+w5*SOC5+w6*SOC6)/(w1+w2+w3+w4+w5+w6+w7), w1 is ampere-hour integral method weight, w2 is self discharge backoff weight, w3 is that cell degradation is counted backoff weight, w4 is open-circuit voltage backoff weight, w5 is monomer uniformity compensation weight, and w4 is the backoff weight of working to the last minute, and w7 is charge rate discharge rate backoff weight.
3. the evaluation method of lithium ion battery residual capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described self-discharge rate η 1=f (T, t), t is the time.
4. the evaluation method of lithium ion battery residual capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described open-circuit voltage compensation modified value SOC4=f (V, T), wherein, V is open-circuit voltage Uocv, by temperature T, does parameter, from-40 ℃ to+60 ℃ every 10 ℃.
5. the evaluation method of lithium ion battery residual capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described charge and discharge rate η 2=f (T, I), wherein, by temperature T, do parameter, from-40 ℃ to+60 ℃ every 10 ℃.
6. the evaluation method of lithium ion battery residual capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described monomer uniformity compensation modified value SOC5=f (Ucell, I, T), wherein, Ucell is that SOC is monomer voltage.
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Cited By (14)
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| CN105048014A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-11-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Fast charging method for lithium-ion power battery with temperature compensation |
| CN107703451A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-02-16 | 德阳九鼎智远知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of electric quantity of lithium battery intelligence estimation system and method |
| CN107748328A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-03-02 | 莱克电气股份有限公司 | Digitize display system and method |
| CN108367155A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-08-03 | 诺华股份有限公司 | Power supply box for electroactive medical device battery management |
| CN108780931A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-11-09 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | The end-of-life estimation device of lithium rechargeable battery |
| CN108802624A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of lithium battery SOC methods of estimation |
| CN110058177A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-07-26 | 奇瑞新能源汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of power battery electricity SOC modification method |
| CN111509809A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-07 | 安徽优旦科技有限公司 | New energy battery management system |
| CN111650520A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-11 | 摩登汽车有限公司 | Estimation method of SOC of battery pack |
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| CN107703451A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-02-16 | 德阳九鼎智远知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of electric quantity of lithium battery intelligence estimation system and method |
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| CN108802624B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2021-08-31 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Lithium battery SOC estimation method |
| CN108802624A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of lithium battery SOC methods of estimation |
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| CN111509809A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-07 | 安徽优旦科技有限公司 | New energy battery management system |
| CN111650520A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-11 | 摩登汽车有限公司 | Estimation method of SOC of battery pack |
| CN111650520B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2022-08-26 | 摩登汽车有限公司 | Estimation method of SOC of battery pack |
| CN112924866A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 广州橙行智动汽车科技有限公司 | Capacity conservation rate detection method, capacity conservation rate detection device, vehicle and storage medium |
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| CN113589174A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-02 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for predicting consistency of battery cells of lithium ion power battery system |
| CN113589174B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2023-06-02 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for predicting consistency of battery cells of lithium ion power battery system |
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