CN104155002B - Scanning imagery spectrometer system - Google Patents
Scanning imagery spectrometer system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104155002B CN104155002B CN201410342293.1A CN201410342293A CN104155002B CN 104155002 B CN104155002 B CN 104155002B CN 201410342293 A CN201410342293 A CN 201410342293A CN 104155002 B CN104155002 B CN 104155002B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system, this system comprises imaging lens unit, scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum unit, probe unit and computer unit; This scanning element comprises pendulum mirror, the switching of this system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern is realized by this pendulum mirror, when this system is in preview mode, this is diffused signal reflex to this preview image-generating unit with static state by this pendulum mirror, when this system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, this is diffused signal reflex to spectrum unit with the state of sweeping by this pendulum mirror.The present invention realizes the switching of system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern by pendulum mirror, thus before light spectrum image-forming pattern, preview can be carried out to imaging region, can be reduced to as the regioselective time, the efficiency of raising system, effectively utilize effective illumination of field time, overcome light spectrum image-forming process comparatively slow, the time is longer, is not suitable for the shortcoming selecting field of view.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectral imaging technology field, particularly relate to a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system.
Background technology
Since eighties of last century the eighties, spectral imaging technology starts to be widely used in astronautics and airborne remote sensing imaging.Carried by aircraft, detect at mineral products and petroleum resources, the field such as water quality and air monitoring, precision agriculture and forestry achieves to attract attention and achieve.At present, this technology has progressively penetrated into the civil areas such as biomedicine, artwork authentication, food safety monitoring, the control of disease and treatment, obtains research more and more widely and uses.
Spectral imaging technology is divided into multiple from principle, wherein, color dispersion-type imaging spectrometer proposes the earliest and obtains practical imaging spectral instrument, it have principle simple, be easy to the advantages such as realization.But, the general each light spectrum image-forming of imaging spectrometer based on color dispersion-type, for an atural object, completes one group of light spectrum image-forming process and can see the visual field overall situation, and select visual field, this adds the time that imaging region is selected greatly, reduces the efficiency of imaging spectral instrument system.In addition, use now the imaging spectrometer of pendulum mirror that pendulum mirror is arranged on the front of imaging lens, can background stray light be introduced during work, reduce the quality of data.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system, can reduce background stray light interference and be reduced to as the regioselective time, improving the efficiency of system.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system, comprises imaging lens unit, scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum unit, probe unit and computer unit;
Described imaging lens unit, for collecting the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample;
Described scanning element comprises pendulum mirror, the switching of described system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern is realized by described pendulum mirror, when described system is in preview mode, described pendulum mirror with static state by the described signal reflex that diffuses to described preview image-generating unit, when described system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described pendulum mirror with the state of sweeping by the described signal reflex that diffuses to spectrum unit;
Described preview image-generating unit, for being focused on by the signal that diffuses received, and is diverted on the photosurface of described probe unit by the signal that diffuses after described focusing;
Described spectrum unit, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses received, and reflexes on the photosurface of described probe unit by the light signal that described light splitting obtains;
Described computer unit, be connected with described probe unit, information for detecting according to described probe unit when described system is in preview mode obtains pre-review information, and the information detected according to described probe unit when described system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern obtains spectral information.
Further, described scanning element is positioned at the rear of described imaging lens unit, and described system also comprises shell, and described scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum unit and probe unit are all positioned at described shell, forms enclosed construction.
Further, described scanning element also comprises motor and controller, described controller is controlled by the state of described motor to described pendulum mirror, when described system is in preview mode, described controller controls described pendulum mirror and is in static state, by the described signal reflex that diffuses to described preview image-generating unit, when described system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described controller controls the state that described pendulum mirror is in sweeping, by the described signal reflex that diffuses to spectrum unit.
Further, described motor is stepper motor or servomotor.
Further, described preview image-generating unit comprises the first catoptron, lens, the second catoptron;
Described first catoptron, for the signal reflex extremely described lens that diffuse received by described preview image-generating unit;
Described lens, for focusing on the signal that diffuses;
Described second catoptron, for by the signal reflex that diffuses after described focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit.
Further, described spectrum unit comprises relay lens, slit, the first spherical reflector, beam-splitting structure, the second spherical reflector;
Described relay lens, for the signal focus that diffuses that described spectrum unit received at described slit place;
Described slit, for limiting the luminous flux of the signal that diffuses;
Described first spherical reflector, for by the signal focus that diffuses through described slit to described beam-splitting structure;
Described beam-splitting structure, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses through described slit;
Described second spherical reflector, for focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit by the light signal obtained after light splitting.
Further, described beam-splitting structure is convex grating.
Further, described probe unit is planar array detector.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention realizes the switching of system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern by monolithic pendulum mirror, and completes light spectrum image-forming pattern sweeping function simultaneously, decreases system device quantity, reduces system complexity, add stability.Therefore preview mode can be reduced to as the regioselective time, improved the efficiency of system, effectively utilized effective illumination of field time, and overcome light spectrum image-forming process comparatively slow, the time is longer, is not suitable for the shortcoming selecting field of view.Scanning element is arranged on the rear of imaging lens by the present invention, shell so can be used to be encapsulated in closed environment by optical device and sensitive detection parts, effectively decrease the impact of background stray light.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system that embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system that embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of scanning imagery spectrometer system that embodiment of the present invention provides, and this system comprises imaging lens unit 1, scanning element 2, preview image-generating unit 3, spectrum unit 4, probe unit 5 and computer unit 6;
Described imaging lens unit 1, for collecting the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample; This imaging lens unit can be made up of imaging lens, is collected the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample by imaging lens wherein.
Described scanning element 2 comprises pendulum mirror, the switching of described system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern is realized by described pendulum mirror, when described system is in preview mode, described pendulum mirror with static state by the described signal reflex that diffuses to described preview image-generating unit, when described system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described pendulum mirror with the state of sweeping by the described signal reflex that diffuses to spectrum unit;
Described preview image-generating unit 3, for being focused on by the signal that diffuses received, and is diverted on the photosurface of described probe unit 5 by the signal that diffuses after described focusing;
Described spectrum unit 4, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses received, and reflexes on the photosurface of described probe unit 5 by the light signal that described light splitting obtains; Wherein, the another port of spectrum unit 4 is connected with probe unit 5, and the another port of probe unit 5 is connected with computer unit 6; Spectrum unit can adopt dispersion mode or PGP (prism-grating-prism) the dispersion spectroscopic modes of convex grating, also can use optical filter runner, liquid crystal tunable optical filter, acousto-optic tunable filter etc. instead and can realize same light spectrum image-forming function.
Described computer unit 6, be connected with described probe unit, information for detecting according to described probe unit when described system is in preview mode obtains pre-review information, and the information detected according to described probe unit when described system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern obtains spectral information.Can be controlled the software and hardware of system by this computer unit, to gather spectroscopic data, process, shows and stores.
Preferably, see Fig. 1, said system also comprises shell 18, and described scanning element 2, preview image-generating unit 3, spectrum unit 4 and probe unit 5 are all positioned at described shell 18.Particularly, scanning element can be placed on the rear of imaging lens unit, the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample is collected by the front of imaging lens, and by the optical device packaging outside computer unit and imaging lens in shell, effectively can reduce the impact of bias light, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of system, improve the quality of spectroscopic data.
The present invention realizes the switching of system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern by monolithic pendulum mirror, and completes light spectrum image-forming pattern sweeping function simultaneously, decreases system device quantity, reduces system complexity, add stability.Thus before light spectrum image-forming pattern, preview can be carried out to imaging region, therefore preview mode can be reduced to as the regioselective time, the efficiency of raising system, effectively utilize effective illumination of field time, overcome light spectrum image-forming process slower, time is longer, is not suitable for the shortcoming selecting field of view.Scanning element is arranged on the rear of imaging lens by the present invention, shell so can be used to be encapsulated in closed environment by optical device and sensitive detection parts, effectively decrease the impact of background stray light.
See the schematic diagram that Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are the another kind of scanning imagery spectrometer systems that embodiment of the present invention provides, this system comprises imaging lens unit 1, scanning element 2, preview image-generating unit 3, spectrum unit 4, probe unit 5 and computer unit 6;
Wherein, scanning element 2 comprises pendulum mirror 10, also comprise motor 11 and controller 12, described controller 12 is controlled by the state of described motor 11 to described pendulum mirror 10, and when system is in preview mode, controller 12 controls pendulum mirror 10 and is in static state, signal reflex will be diffused to preview image-generating unit, when system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, controller 12 controls the state that pendulum mirror 10 is in sweeping, and the signal reflex that will diffuse is to spectrum unit.Wherein, above-mentioned motor can be stepper motor or servomotor.Such as, above-mentioned motor can be stepper motor, controller can be controllor for step-by-step motor, pendulum mirror 10 is the catoptron of plated film, be connected with stepper motor 11 by the mode of mechanical connection, stepper motor 11 controls the rotation of putting mirror 10 under the control of controllor for step-by-step motor 12, and controllor for step-by-step motor can be commercial control card, capture card, or the circuit-board card of spontaneous design.When system is in preview imaging pattern, controller controls pendulum mirror and remains static, and makes pendulum mirror and the incident light axis of the signal that diffuses keep the angle preset, and such as its angle can be 135 degree; When system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, controller controls pendulum mirror with sweeping back and forth in the angle preset, and the light signal of sweep trace matter sample is accordingly reflexed to spectrum unit.
Described preview image-generating unit 3 comprises the first catoptron 7, lens 8, second catoptron 9;
Described first catoptron 7, for the signal reflex extremely described lens that diffuse received by described preview image-generating unit;
Described lens 8, for focusing on the signal that diffuses;
Described second catoptron 9, for by the signal reflex that diffuses after described focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit.
Described spectrum unit 4 comprises relay lens 13, slit 14, first spherical reflector 15, beam-splitting structure 16, second spherical reflector 17;
Described relay lens 13, for the signal focus that diffuses that described spectrum unit received at described slit place; Wherein, make the visual field of preview imaging pattern and light spectrum image-forming pattern consistent by making the focal length of the lens in preview image-generating unit and the relay lens in spectrum unit match.
Described slit 14, for limiting the luminous flux of the signal that diffuses, and then determines the spectral resolution of whole system together with beam-splitting structure, probe unit;
Described first spherical reflector 15, for by the signal focus that diffuses through described slit to described beam-splitting structure;
Described beam-splitting structure 16, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses through described slit; Wherein, beam-splitting structure 16 can be convex grating structure, by this beam-splitting structure by signal chromatic dispersion light splitting, according to different Wavelength distribution in different positions;
Described second spherical reflector 17, for focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit by the light signal obtained after light splitting.
In addition, optical filter can also be increased before the relay lens in spectrum unit use fluorescence Spectra imaging mode instead and can realize same light spectrum image-forming function.
Particularly, when system is in preview mode, the signal that diffuses that imaging lens unit 1 collects ground matter sample enters scanning element 2, pendulum mirror in controller 12 gated sweep unit 2 becomes 135 degree of angles static with incident light axis, the light path of the signal that diffuses is folded to preview image-generating unit 3, the first catoptron 7 in preview image-generating unit 3 is by light path relay lens 8, camera lens 8 is by signal focus, the light beam of focus state turns on the photosurface of probe unit 5 and detects by the second catoptron 9, now only there is imaging function, by the mode of rotating imaging platform, imaging viewing field can be switched fast, when system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, pendulum mirror 10 in controller 12 gated sweep unit 2 turns to spectrum unit 4, the signal reflex that diffuses of ground matter sample that imaging lens unit 1 is collected by sweeping back and forth in certain angle of pendulum mirror 10 enters spectrum unit 4, the light beam that pendulum mirror 10 reflects is focused on slit 14 place of spectrum unit 4 by the relay lens 13 in spectrum unit 4, long and narrow light beam by slit 14 focuses on beam-splitting structure 16 by the first spherical reflector 15, beam-splitting structure 16 pairs of light beams carry out dispersion light splitting, light beam after dispersion light splitting focuses on the photosurface of probe unit 5 by the second spherical reflector 17.Wherein, probe unit 5 can be planar array detector, can be such as CCD, sCMOS, flat panel detector or other there is the planar array detector of said function, the direction that detector photosurface is parallel to slit is called space dimension, and the photosensitive bin of every a line is the picture of an atural object band spectrum channel; Detector photosurface is spectrum dimension perpendicular to the direction of slit, photosurface each to arrange on photosensitive bin be the picture of an atural object band spatial sampling visual field (pixel) spectral dispersion, planar array detector in probe unit 5 transfers to computer unit 6 to process the spectral information obtaining each pixel by detecting the spectral information obtained, generally, imaging spectrometer imaging each time for an atural object sweep trace, by pendulum mirror 10 back and forth sweeping just can carry out light spectrum image-forming to the ground matter sample in imaging lens unit 1 visual field.
In the scanning imagery spectrometer system that embodiment of the present invention provides, pendulum mirror is used to switch preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern by rotating different angles, the region of sense user interest was switched to before light spectrum image-forming, not only reduce the setup time of light spectrum image-forming, to carry out imaging to more area-of-interest in limited light application time, also reduce the quantity of optical element in system, simplify the complexity of system, in addition, scanning element is arranged on imaging lens unit rear by system, this system by the optical device packaging outside computer unit and imaging lens in the enclosure, effectively decrease the impact of background stray light, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), improve the quality of spectroscopic data.
Above embodiment is only for illustration of the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill of relevant technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all equivalent technical schemes also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a scanning imagery spectrometer system, is characterized in that, comprises imaging lens unit, scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum unit, probe unit and computer unit;
Described imaging lens unit, for collecting the signal that diffuses of ground matter sample;
Described scanning element comprises pendulum mirror, the switching of described system between preview mode and light spectrum image-forming pattern is realized by described pendulum mirror, when described system is in preview mode, described pendulum mirror with static state by the described signal reflex that diffuses to described preview image-generating unit, when described system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described pendulum mirror with the state of sweeping by the described signal reflex that diffuses to spectrum unit;
Described preview image-generating unit, for being focused on by the signal that diffuses received, and is diverted on the photosurface of described probe unit by the signal that diffuses after described focusing;
Described spectrum unit, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses received, and reflexes on the photosurface of described probe unit by the light signal that described light splitting obtains;
Described computer unit, be connected with described probe unit, information for detecting according to described probe unit when described system is in preview mode obtains pre-review information, and the information detected according to described probe unit when described system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern obtains spectral information;
Described scanning element is positioned at the rear of described imaging lens unit, and described system also comprises shell, and described scanning element, preview image-generating unit, spectrum unit and probe unit are all positioned at described shell, forms enclosed construction.
2. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described scanning element also comprises motor and controller, described controller is controlled by the state of described motor to described pendulum mirror, when described system is in preview mode, described controller controls described pendulum mirror and is in static state, by the described signal reflex that diffuses to described preview image-generating unit, when described system is in light spectrum image-forming pattern, described controller controls the state that described pendulum mirror is in sweeping, by the described signal reflex that diffuses to spectrum unit.
3. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described motor is stepper motor or servomotor.
4. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described preview image-generating unit comprises the first catoptron, lens, the second catoptron;
Described first catoptron, for the signal reflex extremely described lens that diffuse received by described preview image-generating unit;
Described lens, for focusing on the signal that diffuses;
Described second catoptron, for by the signal reflex that diffuses after described focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit.
5. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described spectrum unit comprises relay lens, slit, the first spherical reflector, beam-splitting structure, the second spherical reflector;
Described relay lens, for the signal focus that diffuses that described spectrum unit received at described slit place;
Described slit, for limiting the luminous flux of the signal that diffuses;
Described first spherical reflector, for by the signal focus that diffuses through described slit to described beam-splitting structure;
Described beam-splitting structure, for carrying out light splitting to the signal that diffuses through described slit;
Described second spherical reflector, for focusing to the photosurface of described probe unit by the light signal obtained after light splitting.
6. scanning imagery spectrometer system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described beam-splitting structure is convex grating.
7., according to the arbitrary described scanning imagery spectrometer system of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, described probe unit is planar array detector.
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| CN105043541B (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-09-19 | 四川双利合谱科技有限公司 | A kind of tilting mirror component of sweeping type spectrometer |
| CN105292508B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-06-29 | 孙颖 | A kind of imaging method of the scanning imaging system based on rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN101806622B (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-08-10 | 中国科学院遥感应用研究所 | Ground imaging spectral measurement system |
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