CN104134927A - Nonlinear effect Q-switched fiber laser - Google Patents
Nonlinear effect Q-switched fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN104134927A CN104134927A CN201410359275.4A CN201410359275A CN104134927A CN 104134927 A CN104134927 A CN 104134927A CN 201410359275 A CN201410359275 A CN 201410359275A CN 104134927 A CN104134927 A CN 104134927A
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- fiber
- optical fiber
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- gain fibre
- double clad
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nonlinear effect Q-switched fiber laser in a full spectrum scope. The laser comprises a high numerical-aperture undoped optical fiber, a pumping source, an optical fiber combiner, a doubly clad gain optical fiber and a single mode optical fiber. Amplification and attenuation of laser light in an optical fiber resonant cavity are modulated periodically by a dynamic interaction of relaxation oscillation of a nonlinear stimulated brillouin scattering effect and a laser amplification process in the gain optical fiber; periodic variation of a Q factor is achieved automatically, so that stable pulse output is obtained; and the laser employs a pulse laser technology in the full spectrum scope, covers ultraviolet light, visible light, as well as middle-infrared bands of 1 micrometer, 1.5 micrometers (a communication band), 2 micrometers, 3-5 micrometers and over 5 micrometers, and has the characteristics of high power, concise structure (all optical fibers), full spectrum scope application and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to high power pulse optical fiber laser field, particularly relate to a kind of nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser of any wave-length coverage.
Background technology:
In recent years, the rare earth ion doped pulse optical fiber of the high power of cladding pumping has become the study hotspot in fiber laser field in the world, because this laser is with a wide range of applications in industrial production and sphere of life.Wherein the fiber laser of 1 micron waveband has occupied very big market in industrial processes field, and the fiber laser of the 1.5 microns indispensable critical component that is the communications field, and the 2 micron optical fiber laser of " eye-safe " will become main biomedicine and medical instrument because be in the strong absworption peak of water, and the mid-infrared fiber laser of 3-5 micron has important using value in sensing, detection and national defence field.Because the surface-volume of optical fiber is large, so fiber laser is easy to heat radiation, can provide higher power output and better beam quality.Than jointed fiber laser, pulse optical fiber is because have higher peak power, possess the precision of operating rate and Geng Gao faster in fields such as processing, detections, therefore pulse optical fiber particularly the pulse optical fiber of high-average power become gradually the Developing mainstream in fiber laser field.
The technical way that obtains optical-fiber laser pulse is to adjust Q and locked mode, wherein adjust Q need to use acoustooptic Q-switching or electro-optical Q-switch, and locked mode is mainly by means of locked mode devices such as semiconductor saturable absorbing mirrors (SESAM).In traditional field, no matter be to adjust Q or locked mode all to there is the shortcomings such as loss threshold value is low, active line width (can only be operated in a limited wave-length coverage), and need to adopt different tune Q or locked mode device for different wave bands.Graphene (graphene) has the feature of wide spectrum saturable absorption, but loss threshold value is low and integrate trivial operations, and stability is also poor.Therefore, invention a kind of to whole electromagnetic wavelength scope (infrared to seeing from ultraviolet) all applicable pulsed optical fibre laser technology by being important breakthrough this field, will greatly promote the development of high-capacity optical fiber laser and there is extensive and important actual application value.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is in order to overcome the formerly deficiency of technology, adopting and in highly nonlinear optical fiber, exciting nonlinear effect (is mainly SBS effect, also can adopt Raman effect) carry out the Q value in periodic modulation fiber resonance cavity, by the interaction (periodically amplifying and decay) of this nonlinear effect and gain fibre, thereby realize stable laser pulse sequence output.Can obtain the laser pulse of different repetition rates, different average laser power by changing pump power, and keep laser pulse width substantially constant.The pulse optical fiber structure that this novel optical-fiber laser Q-regulating technique is realized is succinct (not needing special block modulation device) very, loss threshold value high (being equivalent to the damaged threshold value of optical fiber itself), can directly obtain the pulse laser output of high-average power, there is higher slope efficiency simultaneously.
The technology of the present invention solution is:
A nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser for full spectral region, its feature is, comprising: the non-doped fiber of high-NA, pumping source, optical-fiber bundling device, double clad gain fibre and monomode fiber;
Pumping source described in the pumping input optical fibre welding of described optical-fiber bundling device, one end of the non-doped fiber of high-NA described in this optical-fiber bundling device signal optical fibre first port welding, one end of double clad gain fibre described in this optical-fiber bundling device signal optical fibre second port welding, the other end of the described non-doped fiber of high-NA cuts into optical fiber oblique angle, one end of monomode fiber described in the other end welding of described double clad gain fibre, the other end of this monomode fiber cuts into right angle;
The pump light centre wavelength of described pumping source transmitting is mated with the center absorbing wavelength of the core material of described double clad gain fibre.
Described pumping source is High power laser diode array fiber coupling module, centre wavelength is chosen according to the absorbing wavelength of adopted double clad gain fibre core material, and wavelength comprises 790nm, 808nm, 880nm, 915nm, 940nm, 976nm ,～1.2 μ m ,～1.5 μ m ,～1.9 μ m.
Described double clad gain fibre is for mixing Yb
3+optical fiber, mix Nd
3+optical fiber, mix Er
3+optical fiber, Er
3+yb
3+co-doped fiber, mix Tm
3+optical fiber, mix Ho
3+optical fiber or mix Tm
3+ho
3+the various rare earth ion doped special optical fiber of co-doped fiber.
The doping content of the rare earth ion in described double clad gain fibre is variable, chooses the length of gain fibre according to doping content.
The mate of structural parameters of the structural parameters of the described non-doped fiber of high-NA and the structural parameters of optical-fiber bundling device tail optical fiber and double clad gain fibre, the structural parameters of double clad gain fibre and the mate of structural parameters of general single mode fiber.
The non-doped fiber of described high-NA is the non-gain fibre of a kind of numerical aperture special type high and that fibre core is little, is beneficial to and excites nonlinear effect.
The monomode fiber filtering remnant pump light of 1 meter long of one end welding of described double clad gain fibre, the Q impulse obtaining is exported from monomode fiber output.
The non-doped fiber of described high-NA also connects the first attemperating unit, and described double clad gain fibre also connects the second attemperating unit.
The second described attemperating unit is that on an outer facade, to carve threaded circular copper heat sink.
The output tail optical fiber parameter of described optical-fiber bundling device tail optical fiber and pumping source matches.
The signal optical fibre of described optical-fiber bundling device and double clad gain fibre parameter (fibre diameter and numerical aperture) match.
The non-doped fiber parameter of the signal optical fibre of described optical-fiber bundling device and high-NA matches.
Described monomode fiber is the monomode fiber of arbitrary parameter structure.
The working temperature of pumping source, by regulating circulating water temperature to control, makes the emission center wavelength of pumping source identical with the fibre core absorbing wavelength of doubly clad optical fiber; Pump light is coupled into double clad gain fibre by optical-fiber bundling device, the output tail optical fiber of pumping source and the tail optical fiber mate of structural parameters of bundling device, the mate of structural parameters of the signal optical fibre of bundling device and double clad gain fibre; Signal optical fibre one end of bundling device and the welding of double clad gain fibre; Pumping source produces population inversion by pumping gain fibre the gain of laser is provided, the spontaneous radiation producing in gain fibre is amplified and forms amplified spont-aneous emission (ASE), the other end of bundling device signal optical fibre and the welding of one section of non-doped fiber phase of high-NA; One end phase welding of the output of double clad gain fibre and monomode fiber; 4% the Fresnel that the right angle end face of the other end of monomode fiber provides reflects together with the distributed Rayleigh scattering of bringing with the small refractive index inhomogeneity in the non-doped fiber of high-NA and forms random (random) resonant cavity, this resonant cavity has strengthened the light intensity of some ASE, until inspire stimulated Brillouin scattering ripple in the non-doped fiber of high-NA.This stimulated Brillouin scattering ripple is input in gain fibre and is amplified with the form of relaxation pulse, consumes population inversion, and the Q value of whole resonant cavity is realized to modulation, obtains a high-octane laser pulse output.After pulse output, population inversion needs the time to re-establish, and now there is no pulse output, excites stimulated Brillouin scattering ripple until the laser intensity in resonant cavity reaches next time.So just realize periodic Q switching effect by nonlinear effect, obtained periodic laser pulse output.The Q-switch laser mode of this kind of nonlinear effect can be applied in the optical fiber or waveguiding structure of all wavelengths.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) owing to adopting the high-power semiconductor laser diode pumping source of tail optical fiber output, reduce the difficulty of pump light coupled into optical fibres, make pump light wavelength identical with the absorbing wavelength of thulium doped fiber by the working temperature that regulates pumping source simultaneously, improved pumping efficiency.
(2) ensure that optics (pumping source, bundling device) and the parameter (numerical aperture and fibre diameter) of optical fiber match, thereby reduced loss, improved operating efficiency.
(3) can adopt the optical fiber of any rare earth ion of doping (need to match with pumping source wavelength) to obtain the pulse laser output of various wavelength.
(4) adopt nonlinear effect to carry out Q modulation to resonant cavity, do not need extra block modulation device, device architecture is succinct.
(5) be not subject to modulation device to lose the restriction of threshold value, loss threshold value is only relevant to the damage of optical fiber or the damage of fusion point, pass through efficiently radiates heat, laser output power (average power) can reach tens watts and hundreds of watts of magnitudes, and peak power is thousands of watts to 10 kilowatts magnitudes.
(6) adopt double clad gain fibre to be conducive to directly from one-level oscillator, obtain the pulse laser output of high-average power.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is thulium ion (Tm in gain fibre
3+) simplification energy level schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the laser pulse sequence figure of output.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described further, but should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
The structure of nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprising: the non-doped fiber 2 of high-NA, pumping source 5, optical-fiber bundling device 6, double clad gain fibre 7 and monomode fiber 9; Pumping source described in the pumping input optical fibre welding of described optical-fiber bundling device 6, one end of the non-doped fiber 2 of high-NA described in these optical-fiber bundling device 6 signal optical fibre first port weldings, one end of double clad gain fibre 7 described in these optical-fiber bundling device 6 signal optical fibre second port weldings, the other end of the non-doped fiber 2 of described high-NA cuts into optical fiber oblique angle 1, one end of monomode fiber 9 described in the other end welding of described double clad gain fibre 7, the other end of this monomode fiber 9 cuts into right angle; The non-doped fiber 2 of described high-NA also connects the first attemperating unit 3, and described double clad gain fibre 7 also connects the second attemperating unit 8.The pump light centre wavelength that described pumping source 5 is launched is mated with the center absorbing wavelength of the core material of described double clad gain fibre 7.
Pumping source 5 is High power laser diode array fiber coupling modules.The present embodiment adopt one can temperature control water cooling plant regulate the working temperature of pumping source, the emission wavelength of pumping source 5 is well overlapped with the absworption peak of double clad gain fibre 7.Pump power may be selected to be 60 watts.
The tail optical fiber of optical-fiber bundling device 6 and the diameter of signal optical fibre and numerical aperture (NA) can be selected according to the parameter of double clad gain fibre 7 and the non-doped fiber 2 of high-NA, in the present embodiment, double clad gain fibre 7 is 10/130 micron of doubly clad optical fiber, and numerical aperture is 0.15/0.46; The parameter of the non-doped fiber 2 of high-NA is 3.5 microns (numerical aperture is 0.41).
The absworption peak of double clad gain fibre 7 is 790 nanometers, and core diameter is that 10 microns, numerical aperture are 0.15, and inner cladding cross section is hexagon, and it is petal etc. that inner cladding shape of cross section can also be chosen as circle, square, D shape or plum.In double clad gain fibre 7 fibre cores, the doping content of thulium ion is about 2.5% weight ratio, has also mixed a small amount of Al simultaneously
3+ion.
The pump light that pumping source 5 is launched, is coupled into double clad by optical-fiber bundling device 6 and mixes thulium gain fibre 7.In the time that pumping source 5 carries out longitudinal pumping to double clad gain fibre 7, in double clad gain fibre 7, will produce spontaneous radiation fluorescence.This spontaneous radiation fluorescence is subject to 4% Fresnel reflection while being transferred to the output end face of general single mode fiber 9 of right-hand member and forms feedback, and forms feedback at random because the refractive index inhomogeneity of material can produce reverse Rayleigh scattering (Rayleigh scattering) while being transferred in the non-doped fiber 2 of high-NA of left end.The laserresonator of these two kinds of feedbacks formation and modification in optical fiber (reaches threshold value) and will in optical fiber, form the CW optical laser action of 2 microns of left and right in the time that pump light is strengthened to certain value.The zlasing mode of some vibration has obtained higher gain, thereby causes laser intensity to be amplified to exceeding the threshold value of stimulated Brillouin scattering to excite stimulated Brillouin scattering (stimulated Brillouin scattering).Stimulated Brillouin scattering ripple generally produces with the form (relaxation oscillation) of relaxation pulse, when the relaxation pulse of this Brillouin scattering ripple is transferred to double clad gain fibre 7 to the right, amplified, thereby form intense laser pulse and export from right-hand member by general single mode fiber 9.
For efficiently radiates heat, during the copper that is wrapped in water-cooled of double clad gain fibre 7 is heat sink (attemperating unit 8), the working temperature of optical fiber can be controlled by the temperature that changes recirculated water.
Figure 2 shows that thulium ion (Tm in gain fibre
3+) simplification energy level schematic diagram.In the time of pumping source 5 pumping double clad gain fibre 7, electronics is from ground state
3h
6arrived higher excitation state by pumping
3h
4, then arrive quasi-stable state by non-radiative relaxation
3f
4, i.e. upper laser level.Electronics is from upper laser level
3f
4transit to laser lower level
3h
6time, will give off wavelength and be the photon of～2 microns.In the time that laser diode pumping source 1 carries out continuous pumping to this laser, the process of above-mentioned radiation photon also just recurs, thereby makes laser levels
3f
4with lower laser levels
3h
6between produce continuous laser radiation.The energy diagram of ion of gaining while adopting other kind of type optical fiber can change accordingly.
Shown in Fig. 3, be a typical laser pulse sequence, shown that this laser pulse has higher stability.
This invention has been shown, with the double clad gain fibre 7 of diode laser matrix 5 pumping high concentrations, the resonant cavity that simultaneously utilizes the random feedback in the non-doped fiber 2 of high-NA to form strengthens spontaneous radiation, thereby obtain stimulated Brillouin scattering ripple, this Brillouin scattering ripple can be realized high-power pulse laser output by the amplification of gain fibre.
Therefore, that what the present invention showed is is laser diode-pumped, high power, be applicable to the pulse optical fiber of modulating by nonlinear effect of any wavelength, and the laser of this all optical fibre structure without body piece modulation device has broad application prospects in fields such as laser processing, detection, sensing, biomedicines.
The most key, by selecting dissimilar gain fibre and corresponding pumping source, this invention can realize the full fiber pulse fiber laser of any wave band, makes its performance and purposes not only be confined to the category of this statement.
Claims (10)
1. the nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser of a full spectral region, it is characterized in that, comprising: the non-doped fiber of high-NA (2), pumping source (5), optical-fiber bundling device (6), double clad gain fibre (7) and monomode fiber (9);
Pumping source described in the pumping input optical fibre welding of described optical-fiber bundling device (6), one end of the non-doped fiber of high-NA (2) described in the first port welding of this optical-fiber bundling device (6) signal optical fibre, one end of double clad gain fibre (7) described in the second port welding of this optical-fiber bundling device (6) signal optical fibre, the other end of the non-doped fiber of described high-NA (2) cuts into optical fiber oblique angle (1), one end of monomode fiber (9) described in the other end welding of described double clad gain fibre (7), the other end of this monomode fiber (9) cuts into right angle,
The pump light centre wavelength of described pumping source (5) transmitting is mated with the center absorbing wavelength of the core material of described double clad gain fibre (7).
2. nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pumping source (5) is High power laser diode array fiber coupling module, centre wavelength is chosen according to the absorbing wavelength of adopted double clad gain fibre (7) core material, and wavelength comprises 790nm, 808nm, 880nm, 915nm, 940nm, 976nm ,～1.2 μ m ,～1.5 μ m ,～1.9 μ m.
3. nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described double clad gain fibre (7) is for mixing Yb
3+optical fiber, mix Nd
3+optical fiber, mix Er
3+optical fiber, Er
3+yb
3+co-doped fiber, mix Tm
3+optical fiber, mix Ho
3+optical fiber or mix Tm
3+ho
3+the various rare earth ion doped special optical fiber of co-doped fiber.
4. nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the doping content of the rare earth ion in described double clad gain fibre (7) is variable, chooses the length of gain fibre according to doping content.
5. nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structural parameters of the structural parameters of the non-doped fiber of described high-NA (2) and optical-fiber bundling device (6) tail optical fiber and the mate of structural parameters of double clad gain fibre (7), the mate of structural parameters of the structural parameters of double clad gain fibre (7) and general single mode fiber (9).
6. nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the non-doped fiber of described high-NA (2), for the little non-gain fibre of special type of the high fibre core of a kind of numerical aperture, is beneficial to and excites nonlinear effect.
7. nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, 1 meter of long monomode fiber of one end welding (9) filtering remnant pump light of described double clad gain fibre (7), the Q impulse obtaining is exported from monomode fiber (9) output.
8. nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described monomode fiber (9) is general single mode fiber.
9. according to the nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser described in claim 1 to 9 any one, it is characterized in that, the non-doped fiber of described high-NA (2) also connects the first attemperating unit (3), and described double clad gain fibre (7) also connects the second attemperating unit (8).
10. nonlinear effect Q adjusting optical fiber laser according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described the second attemperating unit (8) is that on an outer facade, to carve threaded circular copper heat sink.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104917041A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-16 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | High-power optical fiber pump combiner |
| CN105826805A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 中国计量大学 | Random fiber laser capable of realizing magnetic regulation |
| CN106374330A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏师范大学 | In-cavity pump thulium-doped solid state laser |
| CN106768898A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-05-31 | 天津大学 | A kind of detection method of the tune Q characteristic based on erbium doped fiber laser |
| CN106848815A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | A kind of high-power random fiber laser based on load hydrogen optical fiber |
| CN109149336A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-04 | 华中科技大学 | Passive Q-adjusted mode-locked laser based on SBS and fabry perot interferometer |
| CN109524874A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 武汉睿芯特种光纤有限责任公司 | A kind of method of gain fibre measuring device and the stability for measuring gain fibre output power |
| CN109560453A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-04-02 | 华中科技大学 | Passive Q-adjusted mode-locking ring laser based on SBS and fabry perot interferometer |
| CN112582865A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-03-30 | 上海交通大学 | Self-mode-locking single-frequency all-fiber laser |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104917041A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-16 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | High-power optical fiber pump combiner |
| CN105826805A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 中国计量大学 | Random fiber laser capable of realizing magnetic regulation |
| CN105826805B (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2023-12-19 | 中国计量大学 | Random fiber laser capable of being magnetically regulated and controlled |
| CN106374330A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏师范大学 | In-cavity pump thulium-doped solid state laser |
| CN106848815B (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2023-10-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | High-power random fiber laser based on hydrogen-carrying fiber |
| CN106848815A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | A kind of high-power random fiber laser based on load hydrogen optical fiber |
| CN106768898A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-05-31 | 天津大学 | A kind of detection method of the tune Q characteristic based on erbium doped fiber laser |
| CN109149336A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-04 | 华中科技大学 | Passive Q-adjusted mode-locked laser based on SBS and fabry perot interferometer |
| CN109560453A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-04-02 | 华中科技大学 | Passive Q-adjusted mode-locking ring laser based on SBS and fabry perot interferometer |
| CN109560453B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-09-18 | 华中科技大学 | Passive Q-switched mode-locked ring laser based on SBS and Fabry-Perot interferometer |
| CN109524874A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 武汉睿芯特种光纤有限责任公司 | A kind of method of gain fibre measuring device and the stability for measuring gain fibre output power |
| CN112582865B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-10-08 | 上海交通大学 | Self-mode-locking single-frequency all-fiber laser |
| CN112582865A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-03-30 | 上海交通大学 | Self-mode-locking single-frequency all-fiber laser |
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Application publication date: 20141105 |