CN104118333A - Linear induction motor traction force increasing method for magnetic-levitation train - Google Patents
Linear induction motor traction force increasing method for magnetic-levitation train Download PDFInfo
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- CN104118333A CN104118333A CN201410352745.4A CN201410352745A CN104118333A CN 104118333 A CN104118333 A CN 104118333A CN 201410352745 A CN201410352745 A CN 201410352745A CN 104118333 A CN104118333 A CN 104118333A
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The invention relates to a linear induction motor traction force increasing method for a magnetic-levitation train. When traction is carried out, and traction acceleration is carried out on the train from the static state, connection is carried out on a plurality of linear induction motors in a first connection mode, the current of the linear induction motors is kept to be I0, and the I0 is the maximum line current of the linear induction motors in the first connection mode; when the line voltage of the linear induction motors is maximum and cannot increase any more, the linear induction motors get into the switching moment points when the current of the linear induction motors falls to be I2, and the I2 is the maximum line current of the linear induction motors in the second connection mode; after the linear induction motors are switched to be in the second connection mode, the current is maintained to be I2 before the maximum output voltage of a traction inverter is achieved again, and the linear induction motors get into the constant-force working stage again; when braking is carried out, the process is the same as the process of traction. The linear induction motor traction force increasing method has the advantages of being simple in principle, easy and convenient to operate, low in cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is mainly concerned with maglev vehicle field, refers in particular to a kind of method for improving of the line inductance electromotor tractive force that is applicable to magnetic-levitation train.
Background technology
Magnetic-levitation train, as a kind of following green traffic instrument of extensive application prospect, is more and more able to promotion and application.Divide by speed, magnetic-levitation train is divided at a high speed and middle low-speed maglev train, and wherein middle low-speed maglev train refers to speed≤150km/h, is applicable to the vehicle in city or outskirts of a town.
General U-shaped levitating electromagnet suspension car body, the line inductance electromotor mode of traction of adopting of middle low-speed maglev train.Line inductance electromotor is elementary to be installed on car body, by applying three phase current at elementary three phase windings, produce travelling-magnetic-field, this magnetic field is inductive loop on the secondary tablet in road in-orbit, the magnetic field interaction of secondary eddy current magnetism and elementary generation, produces the tractive force that train advances.
The traction system of middle low-speed maglev train is generally made up of filter reactor, traction invertor and line inductance electromotor.The DC1500V/750V vdc of coming from surface power supply station, is provided on the vehicle of motion by awarding stream device.As traction system, DC1500V/750V vdc, by filter reactor and traction invertor, is transformed to the alternating-current voltage/AC voltage of variable-frequency variable-voltage VVVF, offers the elementary of onboard line inductive motor.So line inductance electromotor is the confession electric load of vehicle-mounted traction invertor.In configuration, a traction invertor of a joint car configuration; And a traction invertor, for many line inductance electromotors on same joint car are powered simultaneously.In the time that train speed is lower, maintaining current of electric is maximum constant-current; Along with the increase of train speed, motor line frequency increases, and motor power supply voltage increases.In the time reaching the maximum output voltage of traction invertor, electric moter voltage cannot increase again.Now, along with train speed further increases, motor line frequency further increases, and is subject to the restriction of maximum voltage, and current of electric increases with train speed and progressively reduces, and motor tractive force also progressively reduces, thereby the towability of train in the time of high speed reduces.So, in order to meet the time of run requirement of train on whole circuit, can only adopt at present the method that improves line inductance electromotor design horse power and traction invertor capacity.But adopt in this way, except requiring large onboard line inductive motor design horse power and traction invertor capacity, cause equally ground substation power equipment supply capacity to increase, cause that so undoubtedly mobile unit weight increases, directly cause train operation energy consumption to increase, cause that whole magnetic levitation train system construction cost increases simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just: the technical matters existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of principle magnetic-levitation train simple, easy and simple to handle, with low cost line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving for a kind of magnetic-levitation train, in the time drawing, when train is from static when starting traction and accelerating, some line inductance electromotors adopt mode of connection I to carry out wiring, and line inductance electromotor electric current is maintained I
0, I
0for motor max line electric current under mode of connection I; When line inductance electromotor line voltage reaches the highest and no longer rises, line inductance electromotor electric current drops to I
2time enter switching instant point, I
2for motor max line electric current under mode of connection II.Switch to after mode of connection II, again reaching before traction invertor maximum output voltage, maintaining electric current is I
2, line inductance electromotor reenters constant force working stage; In the time braking, process is same as described above; In said process, described mode of connection I, for several line inductance electromotors are divided into two groups, makes traction invertor power to two groups of line inductance electromotors by wiring; Described mode of connection II is divided into one group by every several line inductance electromotors two, makes traction invertor power to many groups line inductance electromotor by wiring.
As a further improvement on the present invention: in said process, by the electric current of the real-time detection of straight lines induction motor of current detection sensor, receive the instruction of vehicle traction braking.
As a further improvement on the present invention: in the time carrying out mode of connection switching, adopt stagnant ring changing method, select suitable electric current tolerance Δ I
max, in the time that train running speed increases, line inductance electromotor electric current declines thereupon, when electric current drops to I
2-Δ I
maxtime switch to mode of connection II.
As a further improvement on the present invention: in the time four bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains being carried out to mode of connection switching, the electric machine control parameter of amendment traction invertor; When the stator winding resistance of separate unit line inductance electromotor is r
s, while adopting mode of connection I, the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor is R
s1=2r
s; When switching to after mode of connection II, the corresponding R that changes into of motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor 1
s1=0.5r
s.
As a further improvement on the present invention: in the time five bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains being carried out to mode of connection switching, the electric machine control parameter of amendment traction invertor; When the stator winding resistance of separate unit line inductance electromotor is r
s, while adopting mode of connection I, the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor is R
s2=2.5r
s; When switching to after mode of connection II, the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor should the corresponding R that changes into
s2=0.4r
s.
As a further improvement on the present invention: in the time controlling, according to the design parameters of line inductance electromotor, current of electric while selecting suitable motor cable wiring to switch; In the time that separate unit line inductance electromotor designs, allowing max line electric current is I
0, in the time of mode of connection I, the maximum output supply current of traction invertor is I
1=2I
0; In the time switching to mode of connection II, the maximum line current that traction invertor can offer separate unit line inductance electromotor is I like this
2=I
0/ 2; Therefore in the time of mode of connection I, when the line current of separate unit line inductance electromotor drops to I
2time, motor cable is connected and switches to mode of connection II.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the principle of the invention is simple, easy and simple to handle, can, in promoting line inductance electromotor tractive force, not change vehicle-mounted tractor equipment, comprises the hardware itself of traction invertor and line inductance electromotor, so, can not cause large impact to car body weight.
2, the present invention only needs to configure in addition a connection lead changing-over mechanism, realizes easily, realizes with low cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the implementation step schematic diagram of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is framed structure schematic diagram of the invention process.
Fig. 3 is magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor tradition tractive characteristic schematic diagram; Wherein Fig. 3 a is line current-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 3 b is line voltage-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 3 c is tractive force-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 3 d is motor output mechanical power-speed schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor traditional braking characteristic schematic diagram; Wherein Fig. 4 a is line current-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 4 b is line voltage-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 4 c is electric braking force-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 4 d is motor output mechanical power-speed schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic of the present invention motor mode of connection I in concrete application example 1.
Fig. 6 is the principle schematic of the present invention motor mode of connection II in concrete application example 1.
Fig. 7 is line inductance electromotor tractive characteristic schematic diagram after employing the present invention; Wherein Fig. 7 a is line current-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 7 b is line voltage-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 7 c is tractive force-speed schematic diagram; Fig. 7 d is motor output mechanical power-speed schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the principle schematic of the stagnant ring handoff technique of current of electric that adopts in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the principle schematic of the present invention motor mode of connection I in concrete application example 2.
Figure 10 is the principle schematic of the present invention motor mode of connection II in concrete application example 2.
Marginal data:
1, traction invertor; 2, cable link case; 3, connection lead changing-over mechanism; 4, current detection sensor; 5, vehicle traction braking instruction.
Parameter nomenclature:
I
0: motor max line electric current I under mode of connection I
1: the maximum output of traction invertor supply current
I
2: motor max line electric current Δ I under mode of connection II
max: current of electric switches tolerance
V
0: be motor constant force under mode of connection I and permanent merit flex point speed
V
1: be mode of connection I and mode of connection II switch speed
V
2: be motor constant force under mode of connection II and permanent merit flex point speed
R
s: motor stator winding resistance
R
s1: inverter stator winding resistance control parameter under four bogie trucks
R
s2: inverter stator winding resistance control parameter under five bogie trucks
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
Based on the principle of electric machine speed regulation, in the time adopting constant slip frequency mode, according to train running speed, under pressure-limit current-limit condition, magnetic-levitation train tractive is divided into " constant force " and " permanent merit " two working stages with line inductance electromotor.In the constant force stage, it is constant that current of electric maintains constant maximum value, and motor power supply voltage improves along with the increase of running velocity, and motor tractive force remains unchanged substantially, and output power of motor increases along with the increase of speed.In the time that electric moter voltage reaches the output maximum voltage that traction invertor 1 can reach, enter the permanent merit stage; This stage motor power supply voltage no longer changes, and current of electric will reduce along with the increase of running velocity, and thereupon motor tractive force, also along with speed increases and constantly reduction, output power of motor is along with the increase of speed also reduces simultaneously.
The output mechanical power of motor is:
P＝FV
Wherein F is tractive force, and V is train running speed.
As Fig. 3, (Fig. 3 a～Fig. 3 d) is depicted as the conventional operation characteristic curve of magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor in vehicle distraction procedure, and as Fig. 4, (Fig. 4 a～Fig. 4 d) is depicted as the conventional operation characteristic curve of magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor in car brakeing process.From Fig. 3 and 4, the maximum output power of motor appears at the corner position in " constant force " and " permanent merit " two stages; In the time of other running velocity, output power of motor is all less than its maximum power.While realization because engineering is actual, for providing the traction invertor 1 of power supply and ground substation equipment, motor must carry out Capacity design according to motor maximum power, like this under most of train running speeds, traction invertor 1 and ground substation equipment, in a underload mode of operation, have directly caused for the waste of electric resources and the increase of construction cost.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving for a kind of magnetic-levitation train of the present invention, the method is: by the electric current of current detection sensor 4 real-time detection of straight lines induction motors, receive vehicle traction braking instruction 5; In the time drawing, when train is from static when starting traction and accelerating, some line inductance electromotors adopt mode of connection I to carry out wiring, and line inductance electromotor electric current is maintained I
0, I
0for motor max line electric current under mode of connection I; When line inductance electromotor line voltage reaches the highest and no longer rises, line inductance electromotor electric current drops to I
2time enter switching instant point, I
2for motor max line electric current under mode of connection II.Switch to after mode of connection II, again reaching before traction invertor 1 maximum output voltage, maintaining electric current is I
2, line inductance electromotor reenters constant force working stage.In the time braking, process is same as described above.In said process, described mode of connection I, for several line inductance electromotors are divided into two groups, makes traction invertor 1 power to two groups of line inductance electromotors by wiring; Described mode of connection II is divided into one group by every several line inductance electromotors two, makes traction invertor 1 power to many groups line inductance electromotor by wiring.
In preferred embodiment, in order to eliminate in train travelling process, at switch current point I
2near the switching back and forth that may occur adopts stagnant ring changing method (as shown in Figure 8) in the time switching, and selects suitable electric current tolerance Δ I
max, in the time that train running speed increases, line inductance electromotor electric current declines thereupon, when electric current drops to I
2-Δ I
maxtime switch to mode of connection II.
In preferred embodiment, in the time carrying out mode of connection switching, the further electric machine control parameter of while automatic corresponding modify traction invertor 1 on software.
In preferred embodiment, in the time carrying out mode of connection switching, be to utilize a connection lead changing-over mechanism 3 to carry out cable changing-over, utilize connection lead changing-over mechanism 3 can complete the connection mode of switch motor.
In preferred embodiment, the electric braking process for train from starting at a high speed to decline, its changing method and said method are similar, and just, along with braking time increases, train running speed reduces, and the corresponding increase of line inductance electromotor electric current, when electric current is increased to I
2+ Δ I
maxshi Jinhang switches.
Concrete application example 1: taking four bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains as example, the every joint car traction invertor 1 of configuration of four bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains and eight line inductance electromotors, powered to line inductance electromotor M1～M8 by a traction invertor 1 simultaneously.Traditionally, eight line inductance electromotors adopt mode of connection I as shown in Figure 5, connect respectively two groups of line inductance electromotors by cable link case 2, and every group of line inductance electromotor is four.Under DC1500V power supply, the highest 265V of supply and AC line voltage on every line inductance electromotor.
Adopt after the second packet mode of the present invention's proposition, as shown in Figure 6, for connection mode II, be divided into four groups by line inductance electromotor M1～M8, wherein M1-M2, M3-M4, M5-M6, M7-M8 divide respectively one group into, and between group M1-M2 and group M3-M4, group M5-M6 and group M7-M8, connection lead changing-over mechanism 3 are set.In the time that train running speed is lower, adopt above-mentioned connection mode I (as Fig. 5); And in the time that train speed is higher, switch to connection mode II (as shown in Figure 6).Like this, adopt accurate SPWM modulation, in same inverter maximum output voltage situation, separate unit line inductance electromotor maximum supply power terminal voltage is increased to 530.4V.
As from the foregoing, in the constant situation of traction invertor 1 capacity (maximum current output, maximum output voltage), adopt after the present invention, the primary operating characteristics under the linear induction machine travel obtaining as shown in Figure 7.As seen from Figure 7, at vehicle operating full speed range from low to high, there are two peak points in output power of motor; Thereby at full speed range, motor average powr output increases, and motor tractive force increases, thereby corresponding vehicle towability gets a promotion, and the generating capacity of traction invertor 1 and line inductance electromotor self towability is better brought into play.
As above-mentioned example 1, for the magnetic-levitation train of four bogie trucks, for realizing the present invention, in engineering reality, adopt following methods.The method, by the current detection sensor 4 of motor, adopts Hysteresis Current handoff technique (as shown in Figure 8), carries out the switching of cable connection mode; Its concrete steps are:
(1) according to the design parameters of line inductance electromotor, current of electric while selecting suitable motor cable wiring to switch;
Current of electric switching condition is selected by mode below: when the design of supposition separate unit line inductance electromotor, allowing max line electric current is I
0, in the time of mode of connection I, the maximum output supply current of traction invertor 1 is I
1=2I
0; In the time switching to mode of connection II, the maximum line current that traction invertor 1 can offer separate unit line inductance electromotor is I like this
2=I
0/ 2.So, in the time of mode of connection I, when the line current of separate unit line inductance electromotor drops to I
2time, motor cable is connected and switches to mode of connection II, here I
2desirable motor current value point while being motor cable wiring switching.
(2) when train from static start traction accelerate time, first adopt mode of connection I, line inductance electromotor supply line voltage progressively raises, line inductance electromotor electric current maintains maximum line current I
0.In the time that train speed further increases, line inductance electromotor line voltage reaches the highest and no longer rises, and line inductance electromotor electric current will progressively reduce, when line inductance electromotor electric current drops to I
2time, enter theoretical the best time point of switching.
(3) actual implementation is current, in order to eliminate in train travelling process, at switch current point I
2near the switching back and forth that may occur adopts stagnant ring changing method (as shown in Figure 8) in the time switching, and selects suitable electric current tolerance Δ I
max, in the time that train running speed increases, line inductance electromotor electric current declines thereupon, when electric current drops to I
2-Δ I
maxtime switch to mode of connection II.
(4), in the time that line inductance electromotor electric current reaches the switch current of setting, carry out wiring switching; The electric machine control parameter of automatic corresponding modify traction invertor 1 on software simultaneously.Taking motor stator winding resistance as example, the electric machine control parameter setting method of traction invertor 1 is as follows: the stator winding resistance of supposition separate unit line inductance electromotor is r
s, while adopting mode of connection I, the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor 1 is R
s1=2r
s; When switching to after mode of connection II, the corresponding R that changes into of motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor 1
s1=0.5r
s.
(5) switch to after mode of connection II, available separate unit line inductance electromotor ceiling for accumulation voltage increases.Again reaching before traction invertor 1 maximum output voltage, maintain line inductance electromotor maximum current I
2, line inductance electromotor reenters constant force working stage.
(6) after wiring is switched, in the time that linear induction set end voltage reaches new maximum voltage again, train speed increases again, and the electric current of line inductance electromotor reduces again, and line inductance electromotor will enter permanent merit working stage again.In this stage, maintain the most significant end voltage that line inductance electromotor is new constant.
(7) the electric braking process from starting at a high speed to decline for train, its changing method and above-mentioned steps (1)～(6) are similar, and just, along with braking time increases, train running speed reduces, the corresponding increase of line inductance electromotor electric current, when electric current is increased to I
2+ Δ I
maxshi Jinhang switches.
Concrete application example 2: taking five bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains as example, each car traction invertor 1 of configuration and ten line inductance electromotors, powered to line inductance electromotor M1～M10 by a traction invertor 1 simultaneously.Traditionally, ten motors adopt mode of connection I as shown in Figure 9.Under DC1500V power supply, adopt accurate SPWM modulation, the highest 212.1V of supply and AC line voltage on every line inductance electromotor.
The mode of connection II that adopts the present invention to propose, line inductance electromotor M1～M10 is divided into five groups, wherein M1-M2, M3-M4, M5-M10, M9-M8, M7-M6 divide respectively one group into, and between group M1-M2, M3-M4, M5-M10, M9-M8, M7-M6, connection lead changing-over mechanism 3 are set.In the time that train running speed is lower, adopt connection mode I (as shown in Figure 9); And in the time that train speed is higher, switch to the connection mode II (as shown in figure 10) that the present invention proposes.Like this, under same traction invertor 1 maximum output voltage, accurate SPWM modulation, the maximum supply power terminal voltage of separate unit line inductance electromotor is increased to 530V.
As concrete application example 2, for five bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains, its implementation method and four bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains are similar, and before and after just switching, the electric machine control parameter setting of traction invertor 1 is slightly different, is specially:
As the stator winding resistance of supposing separate unit line inductance electromotor is r
s, while adopting mode of connection I (as Fig. 9), the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor 1 is R
s2=2.5r
s; When switching to after mode of connection II (as Figure 10), the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor 1 should the corresponding R that changes into
s2=0.4r
s.
According to groundwork of the present invention and thinking, for the bogie truck of other quantity, also can carry out reasoning according to example and obtain, therefore, it all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is also not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonging under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving for magnetic-levitation train, is characterized in that, in the time drawing, when train is from static when starting traction and accelerating, some line inductance electromotors adopt mode of connection I to carry out wiring, and line inductance electromotor electric current is maintained I
0, I
0for motor max line electric current under mode of connection I; When line inductance electromotor line voltage reaches the highest and no longer rises, line inductance electromotor electric current drops to I
2time enter switching instant point, I
2for motor max line electric current under mode of connection II; Switch to after mode of connection II, again reaching before traction invertor maximum output voltage, maintaining electric current is I
2, line inductance electromotor reenters constant force working stage; In the time braking, process is same as described above; In said process, described mode of connection I, for several line inductance electromotors are divided into two groups, makes traction invertor power to two groups of line inductance electromotors by wiring; Described mode of connection II is divided into one group by every several line inductance electromotors two, makes traction invertor power to many groups line inductance electromotor by wiring.
2. line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving for magnetic-levitation train according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in said process, by the electric current of the real-time detection of straight lines induction motor of current detection sensor, receives the instruction of vehicle traction braking.
3. line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving for magnetic-levitation train according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the time carrying out mode of connection switching, adopts stagnant ring changing method, selects suitable electric current tolerance Δ I
max, in the time that train running speed increases, line inductance electromotor electric current declines thereupon, when electric current drops to I
2-Δ I
maxtime switch to mode of connection II.
4. according to line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving for the magnetic-levitation train described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, in the time four bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains being carried out to mode of connection switching, the electric machine control parameter of amendment traction invertor; When the stator winding resistance of separate unit line inductance electromotor is r
s, while adopting mode of connection I, the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor is R
s1=2r
s; When switching to after mode of connection II, the corresponding R that changes into of motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor 1
s1=0.5r
s.
5. according to line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving for the magnetic-levitation train described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, in the time five bogie truck magnetic-levitation trains being carried out to mode of connection switching, the electric machine control parameter of amendment traction invertor; When the stator winding resistance of separate unit line inductance electromotor is r
s, while adopting mode of connection I, the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor is R
s2=2.5r
s; When switching to after mode of connection II, the motor stator winding resistance control parameter of traction invertor should the corresponding R that changes into
s2=0.4r
s.
6. according to line inductance electromotor tractive force method for improving for the magnetic-levitation train described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, in the time controlling, according to the design parameters of line inductance electromotor, current of electric while selecting suitable motor cable wiring to switch; In the time that separate unit line inductance electromotor designs, allowing max line electric current is I
0, in the time of mode of connection I, the maximum output supply current of traction invertor is I
1=2I
0; In the time switching to mode of connection II, the maximum line current that traction invertor can offer separate unit line inductance electromotor is I like this
2=I
0/ 2; Therefore in the time of mode of connection I, when the line current of separate unit line inductance electromotor drops to I
2time, motor cable is connected and switches to mode of connection II.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106740258A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-31 | 中车大连机车车辆有限公司 | Magnetic-levitation train linear electric motors power supply circuit and method |
| CN108599668A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-09-28 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of magnetic-levitation train line inductance electromotor system and its control method |
| CN108638913A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-10-12 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of middling speed magnetic-suspension tractive system dynamic configuration method |
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