CN104061891A - High-precision large-range displacement measuring device for ground surface - Google Patents
High-precision large-range displacement measuring device for ground surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN104061891A CN104061891A CN201410257537.6A CN201410257537A CN104061891A CN 104061891 A CN104061891 A CN 104061891A CN 201410257537 A CN201410257537 A CN 201410257537A CN 104061891 A CN104061891 A CN 104061891A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision large-range displacement measuring device for a ground surface, which comprises a field sensing module and is characterized in that the field sensing module comprises a protective cover body, a sensing conversion device and a displacement sensor, wherein the protective cover body is used for mounting the sensing conversion device, the displacement sensor is mounted on the sensing conversion device, the sensing conversion device comprises a constant force spring, a direction-changing pulley and a displacement conversion device, the displacement sensor is provided with a displacement pulley coaxial with the direction-changing pulley, and a flexible displacement measuring line is wound on the displacement pulley. The solar energy wireless power collection and transmission device utilizes the constant force and physical quantity conversion mechanism provided by the spring, the solar power supply module, the wireless power collection and transmission module and the like to be matched with each other, can automatically work in the field for a long time without manual intervention, reduces the labor intensity of technicians, and has a simple structure and a clear principle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to and relate to safe early warning field, particularly a kind of earth's surface high precision and large measuring range displacement measuring device.
Background technology
Surface displacement is the direct performance in geologic hazard generation and evolution process, and the safety that the size of surface displacement and rate of displacement can directly reflect disaster body whether, has very consequence in ground calamity monitoring and measuring application.
The generation of geologic hazard, development, evolutionary process, the change that is accompanied by a large amount of macroscopic views and can surveys physical message, as surface displacement, deep displacement, inclination angle, earth's surface, Rock And Soil pressure, acoustic emission etc.In these physical messages, again with surface displacement the most directly, directly perceived, by real-time seizure, can set up itself and the cause disaster mapping relations of evolutionary phase of landslide, and then provide necessary basic data for Prediction and Forecast of Landslide.There are good mapping relations with the sliding mass stage of living in again in its deformation tendency, and displacement testing is relatively simple and convenient, thereby engineering circles generally utilizes displacement monitoring to carry out rational evaluation to the safety case of sliding mass.
The ground displacement equipment in calamity field, ground mainly comprises GPS, full-automatic total powerstation, constant force stay-supported surface displacement meter etc.
GPS: the abbreviation of GPS, can know alternately the absolute displacement amount of ground measuring point by the signal between Navsat and ground receiver.Its monitoring accuracy depends on the cesium-beam atomic clock on satellite, depends on networking mode and the data solver method of measured zone, depends on the quantity of the Navsat that GPS point receives simultaneously.These class methods are subject to weather effect larger, and misty rain weather generally cannot testing.In addition, this class methods power consumption is larger, field work need be equipped with large-sized solar cell panel and accumulator, once system cut-off and fail to recover in time, because the data that lack between turnoff time are carried out adjustment processing, the precision of Monitoring Data will be had a greatly reduced quality, moreover, because needs mass data participates in compensating computation, therefore the real-time property calculating is larger, insensitive to the reaction of burst displacement deformation, there is regular hour hysteresis quality.
Full-automatic total powerstation: be commonly called as robot measurement, the video imaging system being formed by the integrated step motor of traditional total powerstation, CCD image sensor, and configure intelligentized Control and Application software development and form.Utilize the come down measurement of earth's surface distortion of robot measurement to apply on multiple landslides on the spot.When testing, need carry out for the first time measure of learning, can automatically locate focusing to default measuring point according to learning records later.Compared with GPS technology, the point of robot measurement monitoring is more, speed is faster.Its shortcoming be need click-through between survey station and monitoring point depending on, the impact that is subject to external condition larger (as rainy day, greasy weather can not be observed), reduce with the increase precision of distance very fast etc.
Stay-supported surface displacement meter: be connected by steel wire between point of fixity and monitoring point, steel wire is walked around pulley and is connected with weight, combine by pulley and weight the constant force providing steel wire is stretching, the motion of monitoring point drives the motion of steel wire, and then the rotation of angular transducer in drive sensing probe, this type of equipment precision is high, range large (can monitor the displacement of several meters to tens meters), and is subject to weather effect little, and rain, greasy weather gas all can testings.The shortcoming of this kind of method is that inconvenience is installed, and range demand needs weight to have certain activity space when larger, and setting height(from bottom) is subject to certain limitation, in addition, due to its measuring principle restriction, when installation, need device for opening cover body, wearing in order around survey line, easily there is setup error in layman.Moreover owing to not counting coil apparatus, pulley rotating cycle cannot calculate, and cannot learn the displacement number of turns between turnoff time, brings certain hidden danger to measurement result.
The common problem existing of above-mentioned several method is: the ground displacement point at calamity scene, ground is generally installed on scene to be had on the erecting bed of certain altitude (or bar), in the time of erecting bed run-off the straight, cause the monitoring point occurred level displacement at top, owing to there is no droop error means for correcting, cannot know the root that produces this displacement, cause an erroneous judgement for surface displacement amount.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem; the invention provides a kind of earth's surface high precision and large measuring range displacement measuring device; described device comprises on-the-spot sensing module; it is characterized in that: described on-the-spot sensing module comprises protection cover body, sensing conversion equipment, displacement transducer; described protection cover body is used for installing described sensing conversion equipment, on described sensing conversion equipment, described displacement transducer is installed.Described sensing conversion equipment comprises constant force spring, angle pulley, displacement transducer.The displacement pulley coaxial with it is installed on described displacement transducer, on described displacement pulley, is wound with flexible displacement survey line.
Further, described displacement transducer is made up of the bull wheel and the steamboat that are fixed on one.
Further, described sensing conversion equipment comprises meter loop mechanism, and this meter loop mechanism is speed changing structure (can be turbine and worm or gear or belt pulley).
Further; described measurement mechanism also comprises installation platform; it was shelved as adding of whole measurement mechanism, fixed with protection cover body, and the first angular displacement sensor, the second angular displacement sensor, constant force spring, angle pulley are all mounted on described installation platform.
Further, the first survey line is used for connecting described spring and described displacement transducer, and one end is connected with described spring, and the other end is around on the steamboat on described displacement transducer by deviator; The second survey line is used for connecting described displacement transducer and monitoring point for displacement, and one end is around on described displacement transducer bull wheel, and other end extension is connected to tested displacement point.
Further, described the first angular displacement sensor and described installation platform are fixed, and on the turning axle that its below arranges, have worm structure, and described turning axle bottom and described displacement transducer are fixed; Described the second angular displacement sensor and installation platform are fixed, on the turning axle that its below arranges, there is worm gear arrangement, due to the effect of worm gear structure, the second angular displacement sensor can be converted to a less angle variable quantity at rotating cycle by the first angular displacement sensor.
Further, when described warning module is distant early warning module, described measurement mechanism comprises described on-the-spot sensing device, adopt and send out a module, receiver module, distant early warning module, host computer analysis module, described in adopt the information of sending out module collection site sensing module; Described in receiving by network, adopts described receiver module the described information that module gathers of sending out; The described information that described host computer analysis module receives described receiver module is analyzed; Described distant early warning module is sent early warning.
Further, when described warning module is on-the-spot warning module, described measurement mechanism comprises on-the-spot sensing device, adopt and send out a module, on-the-spot warning module, described in adopt the information of sending out module collection site sensing module; Described on-the-spot warning module is according to described delivering early warning.
Further, described device also comprises supply module, and it sends out a module for power supply for giving to adopt, described in adopt and send out a module and comprise that clock module, number adopt module, wireless module, early warning driver module, parameter setting and memory module.
Further, described supply module comprises solar panel, accumulator and charging protection circuit for storage battery.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention utilizes constant force that spring provides and physical quantity throw-over gear, solar powered module, the wireless several parts such as sending out several of modules etc. of adopting to cooperatively interact, can be for a long time in field utonomous working, without manual intervention, reduce people technician's labour intensity, simple in structure, principle is clear.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of whole apparatus system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of on-the-spot sensing module;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of supply module;
Fig. 4 adopts the structural representation of sending out module;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of on-the-spot warning module;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of distant early warning module.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, earth's surface disclosed by the invention high precision and large measuring range displacement measuring device comprises on-the-spot sensing module, supply module, adopts and send out module, receiver module, warning module, upper computer software.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, on-the-spot sensing module comprises protection cover body, sensing conversion equipment, displacement transducer etc.In sensing module, protection cover body is used for installing sensing conversion equipment, on sensing conversion equipment, angle displacement sensor is installed, and the displacement pulley coaxial with it is installed on angle displacement sensor, is wound with flexible displacement survey line on displacement pulley at the scene; Sensing conversion equipment comprises constant force spring, angle pulley, displacement amplifier module etc.
Displacement transducer is made up of the bull wheel and the steamboat that are fixed on one, and displacement transducer has two functions, and one for changing the displacement of the lines of outside generation into the angle displacement of inner corners displacement transducer; Two for passing to constant force spring through angle pulley after outer lines displacement Scaling.
Adopt speed changing structure as meter loop mechanism, the first round is concentric fixing with angular displacement sensor 1 turning axle, second takes turns with angular displacement sensor 2 rotating shaft coaxles and fixes, in the time there is external displacement variation, the multi-turn displacement that angular displacement sensor 1 is produced changes the variable quantity of the certain angle of angular displacement sensor 2 into, thereby can calculate in real time the number of total coils that angular displacement sensor 1 rotates, solve the contradictory relation between super large range and measuring accuracy.
Angle pulley mainly plays increases telescopic spring Range Extension and the redirected effect of spring force, by this pulley, can make spring maximize at whole in-house activity space, improves to greatest extent the measurement range of this device.
The pre-determined bit of survey line when limited block dispatches from the factory for described device, while dispatching from the factory, by survey line 2 prestretchings, make inner constant force spring produce certain stretching, limited block and survey line 2 are fixing, make whole device inside produce certain pulling force everywhere, thus the inside survey line dislocation of having avoided this device may occur in transport and installation process.Install without opening the scene of protecting cover body can complete this device.
Installation platform was shelved for adding of whole measuring mechanism, fixed, for various piece provides unified reference by location with protection cover body.Angular displacement sensor 1, angular displacement sensor 2, constant force spring, angle pulley are all mounted on installation platform.
Survey line 1 is for linking springs and displacement transducer, and one end is connected with spring, and the other end is taken turns by break-in on the steamboat being around on displacement transducer, transmits the conversion work of the angular displacement-displacement of the lines of angular displacement sensor 1 turning axle and spring displacement amount completely.
Survey line 2 is for connecting displacement transducer and monitoring point for displacement, and one end is around on displacement transducer bull wheel, and other end extension is connected to tested displacement point.On displacement transducer, be wound with in advance the survey line of sufficient length, in advance around survey line should be greater than the design range of this device.
Angular displacement sensor 1 is fixed with installation platform, on the turning axle that its below arranges, has speed changing structure, and turning axle bottom and displacement transducer are fixed.Major function one is to measure the high precision angle displacement amount being got by outer lines displacement conversion, the 2nd, the rotation amount of generation is passed to angular transducer 2 by speed changing structure.Angular displacement sensor 1, gear, angular transducer 2 complete high precision and large measuring range displacement measurement jointly.
Angular displacement sensor 2 is fixed with installation platform, on the turning axle that its below arranges, there is speed changing structure, due to the effect of speed changing structure, angular displacement sensor 2 can be converted to a less angle variable quantity at rotating cycle by angular displacement sensor 1, thereby can realize the tally function of diagonal displacement sensor 1 rotating cycle.Angular displacement sensor 1, gear, angular transducer 2 complete high precision and large measuring range displacement measurement jointly.
Obliquity sensor, for measuring apparatus of the present invention real-time angle of inclination in use, has coordinated displacement correction work with device setting height(from bottom).
Direction autonomous heading when guide bearing is connected with measured point for the present invention's device.Bearing is connected with turning axle, and turning axle is connected with protection cover body.Survey line 2 is connected to measured point from apparatus of the present invention are drawn, and owing to there being the existence of pretension and guide bearing, apparatus of the present invention automatic rotation angle, makes wire hole naturally parallel with measured point, has realized the self-orientation function of this contrive equipment and measured point.
Mounting flange effect is the transition installation of apparatus of the present invention and on-the-spot mounting points.
Protection cover body, for whole device provides unified reference point, plays the fixing effect of each several part.Data output interface is arranged at protection cover body bottom, for exporting all kinds of measurement data (displacement and angle of inclination).
Pre-process circuit is for being connected with the each sensor in inside and outbound data interface, the current angle value of acquisition angle displacement transducer 1, angular displacement sensor 2, according to the rotating cycle of proportionate relationship, angular displacement sensor 1 between known displacement of the lines and angular displacement, calculate current total displacement amount; Gather the angle of inclination of current obliquity sensor, while installation according to equipment and the high computational on the ground displacement correction number that tilts to cause because of mounting platform, and according to customer parameter, correction displacement is set.
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention is a kind of field unmanned equipment, power supply used solar panel+battery-type from master mode.Shown in supply module comprise: solar panel, accumulator and charging protection circuit for storage battery.Wherein, solar panel, for accumulator electric-quantity is supplemented, is the parameter source of realizing field utonomous working.Charge protector, according to the charge characteristic of accumulator, has been responsible for charge in batteries and over-charging of battery protection.Accumulator is sent out a module and is connected with adopting, and provides electric energy for adopting module.
Adopting and sending out module is the core apparatus of on-site data gathering, onsite alarming and data remote, and its groundwork completing has: start by set date (or real-time online) collection site various kinds of sensors data, the setting of onsite alarming threshold values and contrast, onsite alarming driving, data remote and reception Local or Remote wireless instructions.
As shown in Figure 4, adopting a module mainly comprises clock module, counts and adopt module, wireless module, early warning driver module.Wherein, clock module, for inside modules timing, completes timing shutdown, startup, to realize permanent type low-power consumption monitoring function; Data acquisition module has been used for the data acquisition of connected various kinds of sensors and the power supply management work to sensor; Wireless module is used for realizing sensing data teletransmission and teleinstruction and receives, and wireless module can be GSM, GPRS and self-built compartmentalization wireless radiofrequency netting twine etc.The very-long-range transmission that GSM, GPRS can realize data with receive, radio frequency network can be realized data transmission and the reception in local several kilometers, teletransmission after the direct teletransmission of single-point or Local Area Networking according to specific needs when actual use; Onsite alarming drive circuit module is in the time that the variable quantity of sensor meets or exceeds predetermined threshold values, adopts a module and automatically opens this driving circuit switch, completes on-the-spot audible alarm.
Warning module comprises on-the-spot early warning and two kinds of modes of distant early warning.On-the-spot early warning can be divided into again two kinds (as shown in Figure 5), a kind of is the direct-connected speaker sound warning of measurement point, another kind is to utilize to adopt the region frequency netting twine of sending out inside modules, by sending alarm command, the radio frequency alarm that makes to be installed in radio frequency effective range sends warning; Remote alarms is also divided into two kinds of forms (as shown in Figure 6), a kind of is the sound and light alarm of computing machine this locality, another kind is radio transmission-receiving function and the computer network functions of utilizing receiver module, and preset some phone numbers or IP address are carried out to warning message transmission.
Host computer analysis module is used for carrying out data receiver, receiving equipment management, data management, forewarning management.Data receiver is real-time listening receiving equipment port, and the data that receive are resolved, screened; The receiving equipment management coordinated management work for receiving equipment is connected, when disconnection and many receiving equipments; The main contents of data management are data base administration, the data that receive, according to the structure save data of tables of data in data stock, are carried out to real-time analysis comparison to data, and then further operate; Forewarning management is the alarm rule predetermined according to user, carries out local sound and light alarm and remote alarms.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an earth's surface high precision and large measuring range displacement measuring device; described device comprises on-the-spot sensing module, it is characterized in that; described on-the-spot sensing module comprises protection cover body, sensing conversion equipment, displacement transducer; described protection cover body is used for installing described sensing conversion equipment; on described sensing conversion equipment, described displacement transducer is installed; described sensing conversion equipment comprises constant force spring, angle pulley, displacement transducer; the displacement pulley coaxial with it is installed on described displacement transducer, on described displacement pulley, is wound with flexible displacement survey line.
2. device according to claim 1, described displacement transducer is made up of the bull wheel and the steamboat that are fixed on one.
3. device according to claim 1, described sensing conversion equipment comprises meter loop mechanism, and this meter loop mechanism is speed changing structure, and described speed changing structure can be turbine and worm, can be also gear or belt pulley.
4. device according to claim 1; described measurement mechanism also comprises installation platform; it was shelved as adding of whole measurement mechanism, fixed with protection cover body, and the first angular displacement sensor, the second angular displacement sensor, constant force spring, angle pulley are all mounted on described installation platform.
5. device according to claim 4, the first survey line is used for connecting described spring and described displacement transducer, and one end is connected with described spring, and the other end is around on the steamboat on described displacement transducer by deviator; The second survey line is used for connecting described displacement transducer and monitoring point for displacement, and one end is around on described displacement transducer bull wheel, and other end extension is connected to tested displacement point.
6. device according to claim 4, described the first angular displacement sensor and described installation platform are fixed, and on the turning axle that its below arranges, have speed changing structure, and described turning axle bottom and described displacement transducer are fixed; Described the second angular displacement sensor and installation platform are fixed, and on the turning axle that its below arranges, have speed changing structure, and due to the effect of speed changing structure, the second angular displacement sensor can be converted to a less angle variable quantity at rotating cycle by the first angular displacement sensor.
7. device according to claim 1, when described warning module is distant early warning module, described measurement mechanism comprises described on-the-spot sensing device, adopt and send out a module, receiver module, distant early warning module, host computer analysis module, described in adopt the information of sending out module collection site sensing module; Described in receiving by network, adopts described receiver module the described information that module gathers of sending out; The described information that described host computer analysis module receives described receiver module is analyzed; Described distant early warning module is sent early warning.
8. device according to claim 1, when described warning module is on-the-spot warning module, described measurement mechanism comprises on-the-spot sensing device, adopt and send out a module, on-the-spot warning module, described in adopt the information of sending out module collection site sensing module; Described on-the-spot warning module is according to described delivering early warning.
9. according to the device described in claim 7 or 8, described device also comprises supply module, and it sends out a module for power supply for giving to adopt, described in adopt and send out a module and comprise that clock module, number adopt module, wireless module, early warning driver module, parameter setting and memory module.
10. device according to claim 9, described supply module comprises solar panel, accumulator and charging protection circuit for storage battery.
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| CN201410257537.6A CN104061891B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | High-precision large-range displacement measuring device for ground surface |
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| CN201410257537.6A CN104061891B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | High-precision large-range displacement measuring device for ground surface |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105547216A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Wireless device for measuring vibration displacement of centrifugation-vibration composite apparatus |
| CN106979743A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of landslide depth big displacement adaptive monitoring system and method |
| CN108709491A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-10-26 | 河北稳控科技有限公司 | A kind of contactless structural deformation monitoring device and method |
| CN111811422A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Rock slope deformation on-line monitoring collection system based on anchor rope is firm |
| CN113567651A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-29 | 湖南致力工程科技有限公司 | Monitoring and early warning instrument for mine geological disaster detection and use method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105547216A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Wireless device for measuring vibration displacement of centrifugation-vibration composite apparatus |
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| CN111811422A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Rock slope deformation on-line monitoring collection system based on anchor rope is firm |
| CN113567651A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-29 | 湖南致力工程科技有限公司 | Monitoring and early warning instrument for mine geological disaster detection and use method thereof |
| CN113567651B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2024-04-26 | 湖南致力工程科技有限公司 | Monitoring and early warning instrument for mine geological disaster detection and application method thereof |
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| CN104061891B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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