CN104061859A - Digital close shot industrial photography measurement method of hydraulic engineering gate high-precision installation detection - Google Patents

Digital close shot industrial photography measurement method of hydraulic engineering gate high-precision installation detection Download PDF

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CN104061859A
CN104061859A CN201410311038.0A CN201410311038A CN104061859A CN 104061859 A CN104061859 A CN 104061859A CN 201410311038 A CN201410311038 A CN 201410311038A CN 104061859 A CN104061859 A CN 104061859A
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gate
installation
point
image
hydraulic engineering
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CN104061859B (en
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马开锋
黄桂平
胡青峰
孟俊贞
李明慈
王伟峰
轩亚兵
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North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a digital close shot industrial photography measurement method of hydraulic engineering gate high-precision installation detection, for effectively solving the problems that the construction site condition requirements are high, the installation detection is troublesome, and the work efficiency and precision are low. The method comprises the steps of arranging measurement points at the characteristic parts of the gate leaf, the bottom sill downstream edge, the edges and plane of a side water stop plate, the end face of a supporting hinged shaft and the circumference of the end face of a hydraulic engineering gate, and numbering uniformly; laying a reference scale; shooting the parts with the arranged marks of the gate at different positions, obtaining an image having a certain overlapping, and measuring and processing the image to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of an installation detection guide point of the gate; carrying out the preliminary geometrical analysis and shape error detection, fitting the measurement data of the gate to generate a standard shape, detecting the shape errors of the lines, the planes and the circles, after processing, comparing the shape errors with the theory design parameters, and analyzing to guide the on-site installation detection of the gate. The digital close shot industrial photography measurement method of the hydraulic engineering gate high-precision installation detection of the present invention has the characteristics of being reliable, efficient, practical, agile, portable and non-contact, and being high in precision, and is wide in application.

Description

The digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method of a kind of hydraulic engineering gate high precision installation and measuring
Technical field
The present invention relates to photogrammetric field, particularly easily for the quick digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method of a kind of hydraulic engineering gate high precision installation and measuring of (fast) installation and measuring of hydraulic engineering gate high precision.
Background technology
At present, fast development along with national economy, the numerous large hydraulic engineerings of China launch construction, final acceptance of construction etc. successively, and during for a critical component---the gate of hydraulic engineering, how it is carried out to quick high accuracy installation and measuring and is still a difficult point.Mainly in gate installation in the past detects use transit coordinate measuring machine and set up high precision and control net, but these method complex operations, time-consumingly take a lot of work, very inconvenient.And in Practical Project, generally adopt high precision total station large scale coordinate measuring machine to carry out installation and measuring to hydraulic engineering gate at present, but equally first it need to settle in position instrument in implementing measuring process, then for gate part Partial Feature point, image data is carried out in pointwise, finally utilizes professional software to carry out Treatment Analysis to data.Nonetheless, but in whole measurement implementation process, still need carrying out smoothly of some condition precedent guarantee surveying works: as the comparatively spacious suitable stable equipment placement place of needs, need human assistance sighting target and sight measurement (need personnel to climb during measurement and stand in the tactile sighting target-reflector plate of holding up in unique point place) for contact single-point, requiring can not have barrier etc. between measuring point and instrument.These factors have caused high to field condition requirement and surveying work efficiency is low.And the general all unique points of disposable very difficult observation under actual conditions just need station transfer to measure, measuring like this efficiency will be lower.In practice, (clear in the good situation of actual conditions at the scene, also in the situation of not station transfer), select within the scope of can reach ± (0.3~0.5) mm(short distance 10m of positional accuracy left and right) high precision total station TCA2003 measure approximately 60 unique points of a certain large-scale steel arch-gate, and left and right is coiled two-sided observation and be take the measurement positional accuracy that reaches regulation and stipulation as ± more than 0.5mm requirement, in addition Data Management Analysis etc., implemented whole measuring process at least about 1.5 hours, visible its inefficiency, can not meet the needs of modernized water conservancy rapid construction.Therefore, its improvement and bring new ideas is imperative.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, for overcoming the defect of prior art, the present invention's object is just to provide the digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method of a kind of hydraulic engineering gate high precision installation and measuring, working-yard conditional request can effectively be solved high, installation and measuring trouble, inefficiency, the problem that precision is low.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves is to comprise the following steps:
(1) programming and distribution, sticking sign: on gate flap, ground sill downstream edge, side seal plate edge and the face of hydraulic engineering gate and the characteristic portion of a hinge end face and circumference thereof, unique point is set, in unique point, lay directional reflective sign, as measurement point, and Unified number, to form instructing a little of gate installation detection;
(2) lay length standard: upper, middle and lower, left and right position are laid with some foundation object staffs of nominal length in the coverage of survey area of gate place, so that length standard to be provided;
(3) take photo: with industrial camera (camera as industrial in INCA3, prior art) at diverse location, hand over and take to the characteristic portion of gate having been laid to sign, to obtain gate characteristic portion and station meter at certain several the overlapping images of having of interior different angles;
(4) image data is processed: with digital photogrammetry software, obtained image is measured to processing, the data processings such as the picture point identification of process robotization, Image Matching, compensating computation, obtain gate installation and detect the three-dimensional coordinate that instructs point;
(5) interpretation of result, instruct installation and measuring: the measurement data result of gate is carried out to preliminary geometric analysis and shape error detects, comprise the distance between point, line, surface, angle and various geometry between line face, line line are parallel, the calculating of vertical relation; Utilize gate measure data fitting to generate standard shape, and the shape error of straight line, plane, circle is detected; After the processing such as coordinate conversion, compare analysis with Theoretical Design parameter, the index then detecting according to the main gate of the manufacture installation of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering steel gate and acceptance specification defined, instructs the on-the-spot installation and measuring of gate.
The invention provides the digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method of a kind of gate of hydraulic engineering easily high precision installation and measuring, first the method suitably pastes directional reflective sign as measuring feature mark poiX on hydraulic engineering gate and affiliated facility surface, then select an industrial camera to being pasted with the measured object surface of sign, photographing and obtain high-quality image under certain rule request, finally adopt digital close shot industrial photogrammetry system software to carry out image data processing, through automatic picture point identification, Image Matching, compensating computation etc., obtain respectively measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of feature mark poiX, final and each design parameter of gate compares analysis, to completing the installation and measuring to gate, have reliable, highly effective, portable flexibly, noncontact, precision high, the Fast Installation that can be used for the gate under various severe complicated environmental conditions detects, also the distortion measurement that can be used for various gates, wide application, there is very strong practical value, economic and social benefit is huge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is hydraulic engineering gates of segmental shape overall schematic in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the gate ground sill characteristic portion monumented point in the present invention is laid schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the station meter schematic diagram of laying in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that the gate side seal plate characteristic portion monumented point in the present invention is laid schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is that the gate in the present invention props up hinge characteristic portion monumented point laying schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete condition, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
By Fig. 1-6, provided, in figure, 1 is a hinge, and 2 is ground sill, 3 is side seal plate, 4 is station meter, and 5 is gate flap, and 6 is support arm, 7 general monumented point or coded targets for laying, 8 is a hinge end face, and 9 is side seal plate upstream edge, and 10 is side seal plate downstream edge, 11 is ground sill upstream, and 12 is ground sill downstream.
The present invention in the specific implementation, as shown in Figure 1, comprises programming and distribution sticking sign, lays length standard, takes photo, image data processing, interpretation of result and instruct installation and measuring, and concrete implementation step is as follows:
1, programming and distribution, sticking sign: as Fig. 2, a hinge 1 on the support arm 6 of gate, ground sill 2, side seal plate 3, on the surfaces such as gate flap 5, evenly paste the circular directional reflective sign (RRT of cross-distribution, retro-reflective target) with point-like coding maker 7, as measurement point, and requirement suitably increases the number of directional reflective sign and the point-like coding maker of commons in connection or corner, and using instructing a little that the center of directional reflective sign or point-like coding maker detects as gate installation, and laying has 4-8 carbon fiber reference meters 4 of nominal length, as length standard,
2, take photo: select INCA3 type industry camera to photograph, first industrial camera is carried out parameter setting and contrasts measured object carrying out camera photometry, then upper in gate the place ahead, in, under, left, convergent photography is carried out to whole gate and annex in right position, photo distance is 3~5m, degree of overlapping between image requires as more than at least 3 coding common points of adjacent part and 80% overlapping, every image at least will be seen 12 directional reflective signs and point-like coding maker 7, for require 4~6 images of every shooting will rotate 90 ° of cameras for self calibration, take once again, during shooting, making intersection angle is 60 °~120 °, so to obtain high-quality image,
3, image data is processed: adopt V-STARS digital Photogrammetric System, carry out data acquisition (as INCA3 camera) and image data and process, V-STARS(Video-Simultaneous Triangulation and Resection System) system is the digital close shot industrial photography coordinate measuring machine of U.S. GSI company development.The advantages such as this system mainly has three-dimensional measurement precision high (relative accuracy can reach 1,/20 ten thousand), noncontact, measuring speed is fast, automaticity is high and can work in rugged surroundings are current the most ripe commercialization industrial digital close-range photogrammetry products in the world;
4, with the data processing software of the V-STARS of V-STARS digital Photogrammetric System, photographic image is carried out to data processing, after operating software Project → AutoMeasure processes, obtain Bundle adjustment result;
5, increase the information of station meter 4, directly choose and import known station meter information or manually input its calibrated length;
6, click software Pro ject → Bundle → Run, re-start compensating computation;
7, the image data result after processing is unified to well-regulated name, and then Bundle adjustment once, as final adjustment result, so that the installation guide of gate and detection;
8, the result of photographed data being processed carries out preliminary geometric analysis and shape error detects, and compare analysis with original design parameter data, whether the indices detecting according to gate installation in standard carries out the final installation guide adjustment of gate, qualified and how to instruct to install and adjust to reaching each test item of assessment.
Below again in conjunction with the actual tests situation of the hydraulic engineering gates of segmental shape shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 6, then specific embodiment of the invention method is described in further detail.
The present invention in test, (1) be first chosen at gate, prop up hinge 1, ground sill 2, circular directional reflective sign and point-like coding maker 7 that the side seal plate 3 upper diameters of evenly pasting cross-distribution in surface are 9mm, wherein, in the surrounding of the hinge end face 8 on gate support arm 6, lay 8, on the center of circle, lay 1, on ground sill 2 surfaces and downstream edge 12 places lay 15 altogether, the upstream edge 11 of ground sill can not established (as Fig. 3), side seal plate 3 surfaces of the every side of gate and downstream edge 10 places, the left and right sides lay respectively 23, totally 46 of the left and right sides, side seal plate upstream edge 9 can not established (as shown in Figure 5), on the surface of gate flap 5, lay 80, altogether paste 150 of directional reflective signs, layout density is much larger than the monumented point layout density of total powerstation, better more detailed detection is carried out in each thin portion position of gate,
(2) lay station meter: as shown in Figure 2, in the gate flap surface in measurement range on, in lower or place, centre position, lay 1 carbon fiber reference meter 4 having demarcated 4 length standards;
(3) with INCA3 camera, photograph, first industrial camera is carried out parameter setting and contrasts measured object carrying out camera photometry, on gate the place ahead, in, under, left, right position is taken 40 images altogether, during shooting: photo distance is 3~5m, degree of overlapping between image requires as more than at least 3 coding common points of adjacent part and 80% overlapping, every image at least will be seen 12 directional reflective signs and point-like coding maker 7, for require 90 ° of 4~6 image rotation cameras of every shooting for self calibration, take once again, during shooting, making intersection angle is 60 °~120 °, to obtain high-quality image,
(4) adopt V-STARS system (5mm+5mm/m) data processing software to process photographic image data: through software Pro ject → AutoMeasure, to obtain Bundle adjustment result; Increase the information of 4 datum lengths of station meter; Then software Pro ject → Bundle → Run, re-starts compensating computation; Image data result after processing is unified to well-regulated name, finally again Bundle adjustment once as final adjustment result;
(5) through data analysis optimization process, its final measuring accuracy can be better than 0.1mm(and be about 4~5 times of total station survey precision), and approximately 25 minute whole measurement implementation process used time (1/3 of not enough total powerstation used time, and more the speed advantage of multiple digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method is more obvious and positional accuracy is constant in institute's measuring point position), compare with the total station survey method in background technology as seen, digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method precision in the application of the installation and measuring of hydraulic engineering gate is higher, adaptability more by force, more rapidly and efficiently.
The present invention is through repetition test and on probation, all obtained identical or akin result, show that method is reliable and stable, easy to operate, fast, efficiency is high, measuring accuracy is high, the Fast Installation that is effective to the gate under various severe complicated environmental conditions detects, and the distortion measurement of various gates, that is to say, digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method of the present invention has place spatial adaptation ability strong (without settling instrument), flexible and convenient operation (taking pictures), the fast efficiency of measuring speed high (some position is more much more obvious), precision high (relative accuracy can reach 1,/20 ten thousand), can realize noncontact, the measurement of far and near distance, can instruct well the actual installation testing of gate, therefore the installation and measuring for hydraulic engineering gate is a kind of method of convenient and efficient, there is very strong actual application value, economic and social benefit is huge.

Claims (3)

1. a digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method for hydraulic engineering gate high precision installation and measuring, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) programming and distribution, sticking sign: on gate flap, ground sill downstream edge, side seal plate edge and the face of hydraulic engineering gate and the characteristic portion of a hinge end face and circumference thereof, unique point is set, in unique point, lay directional reflective sign, as measurement point, and Unified number, to form instructing a little of gate installation detection;
2) lay length standard: upper, middle and lower, left and right position are laid with some foundation object staffs of nominal length in the coverage of survey area of gate place, so that length standard to be provided;
3) take photo: with industrial camera, at diverse location, hand over and take to the characteristic portion of gate having been laid to sign, to obtain gate characteristic portion and station meter at certain several the overlapping images of having of interior different angles;
4) image data is processed: with digital photogrammetry software, obtained image is measured to processing, through the data processing of picture point identification, Image Matching, compensating computation, obtain gate installation and detect the three-dimensional coordinate that instructs point;
5) interpretation of result, instruct installation and measuring: the measurement data result of gate is carried out to preliminary geometric analysis and shape error detects, comprise the distance between point, line, surface, angle and various geometry between line face, line line are parallel, the calculating of vertical relation, utilize gate measure data fitting to generate standard shape, and the shape error of straight line, plane, circle is detected; After the processing such as coordinate conversion, compare analysis with Theoretical Design parameter, the index then detecting according to the main gate of the manufacture installation of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering steel gate and acceptance specification defined, carrys out guide field installation and measuring.
2. the digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method of hydraulic engineering gate high precision according to claim 1 installation and measuring, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1), programming and distribution, sticking sign: the hinge (1) on the support arm (6) of gate, ground sill (2), side seal plate (3), on the surface of gate flap (5), evenly paste circular directional reflective sign and the point-like coding maker (7) of cross-distribution, as measurement point, and requirement suitably increases the number of directional reflective sign and the point-like coding maker of commons in connection or corner, and using instructing a little that the center of directional reflective sign or point-like coding maker detects as gate installation, and laying has 4-8 carbon fiber reference meters (4) of nominal length, as length standard,
2), take photo: select INCA3 type industry camera to photograph, first industrial camera is carried out parameter setting and contrasts measured object carrying out camera photometry, then upper in gate the place ahead, in, under, left, convergent photography is carried out to whole gate and annex in right position, photo distance is 3~5m, degree of overlapping between image requires as more than at least 3 coding common points of adjacent part and 80% overlapping, every image at least will be seen 12 directional reflective signs and point-like coding maker (7), for require 4~6 images of every shooting will rotate 90 ° of cameras for self calibration, take once again, during shooting, making intersection angle is 60 °~120 °, so to obtain high-quality image,
3), image data is processed: adopt V-STARS digital Photogrammetric System, carry out data acquisition and image data and process;
4), with the data processing software of the V-STARS of V-STARS digital Photogrammetric System, photographic image is carried out to data processing,, after operating software Project → AutoMeasure processes, obtain Bundle adjustment result;
5), increase the information of station meter (4), directly choose and import known station meter information or manually input its calibrated length;
6), click software Pro ject → Bundle → Run, re-start compensating computation;
7), the image data result after processing is unified to well-regulated name, and then Bundle adjustment once, as final adjustment result, so that the installation guide of gate and detection;
8) result of, photographed data being processed carries out preliminary geometric analysis and shape error detects, and compare analysis with original design parameter data, whether the indices detecting according to gate installation in standard carries out the final installation guide adjustment of gate, qualified and how to instruct to install and adjust to reaching each test item of assessment.
3. the digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method of hydraulic engineering gate high precision according to claim 1 and 2 installation and measuring, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) be first chosen at gate, prop up hinge (1), ground sill (2), circular directional reflective sign and point-like coding maker (7) that the diameter of evenly pasting cross-distribution on side seal plate (3) surface is 9mm, wherein, 8 of the upper layings of surrounding of the hinge end face (8) on gate support arm (6), on the center of circle, lay 1, on ground sill (2) surface and downstream edge (12) locate 15 of common layings, side seal plate (3) surface of the every side of gate and place, downstream edge (10) left and right sides lay respectively 23, totally 46 of the left and right sides, on the surface of gate flap (5), lay 80, altogether paste 150 of directional reflective signs, layout density is much larger than the monumented point layout density of total powerstation, better more detailed detection is carried out in each thin portion position of gate,
2) lay station meter: in the gate flap surface in measurement range, in lower or place, centre position, lay 1 carbon fiber reference meter (4) of having demarcated 4 length standards;
3) with INCA3 camera, photograph, first industrial camera is carried out parameter setting and contrasts measured object carrying out camera photometry, on gate the place ahead, in, under, left, right position is taken 40 images altogether, during shooting: photo distance is 3~5m, degree of overlapping between image requires more than at least 3 coding common points of adjacent part and 80% overlapping, every image at least will be seen 12 directional reflective signs and point-like coding maker (7), for require 90 ° of 4~6 image rotation cameras of every shooting for self calibration, take once again, during shooting, making intersection angle is 60 °~120 °, to obtain high-quality image,
4) adopt V-STARS system data process software to process photographic image data: through software Pro ject → AutoMeasure, to obtain Bundle adjustment result; Increase the information of 4 datum lengths of station meter; Then software Pro ject → Bundle → Run, re-starts compensating computation; Image data result after processing is unified to well-regulated name, finally again Bundle adjustment once as final adjustment result, for the installation and measuring of hydraulic engineering gate.
CN201410311038.0A 2014-07-02 2014-07-02 A kind of hydraulic engineering gate high accuracy installs the digital close shot industrial photogrammetry method of detection Expired - Fee Related CN104061859B (en)

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