CN104053235A - Distributed time-frequency two-dimension channel distribution method applied to wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Distributed time-frequency two-dimension channel distribution method applied to wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed time-frequency two-dimension channel distribution method applied to a wireless sensor network in the field of the wireless sensor network. For the defects that in a conventional distributed channel distribution method, only time-domain channels can be distributed and operation complexity is too high, a node in the invention, according to the recordings of use condition of a time-frequency channel resource by neighbour nodes of the node, allocates unused working frequency in an interference range first, and allocates unused time-frequency channel resource in the interference range for other nodes, so that the wireless channel resource can be fully utilized. According to the method, the reliability and throughput capacity of the communication of the wireless sensor network can be improved, and energy can be saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless sensor network field, relate to a kind of distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation that is applied to wireless sensor network, be applicable to self-organizing, the selfreparing of wireless sensor network.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network refers to the information spreading network being made up of the mode of radio communication a large amount of wireless sensor node nationalitys, has a very wide range of applications in numerous occasions such as military affairs, industry, traffic, safety, medical treatment, family and working environments.
In radio communication, at one time, can there is interference in two link transmission under same frequency, within interference range.For fear of this interference, in wireless communication system, normal time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing or the code division multiplexing of adopting carrys out sharing wireless channel.In wireless sensor network, utilize multiple frequencies to carry out radio communication, can reduce interference, improve network throughput conserve energy, thereby receive more and more concern.
Current existing radio sensor network channel distribution method can be divided into two kinds: commonly centralized method for channel allocation, another kind is distributed method for channel allocation.Centralized method for channel allocation is that in network, some nodes are other all node allocation of channel resources, China patent of invention CN200910042861.5, and CN200810059951.0 just belongs to this kind of method; The shortcoming of this distribution method is to tackle flexibly network topology conversion, once network is set up, can not tackle flexibly adding of new node; When wireless link interrupts, also cannot realize fast selfreparing.Distributed channel distributing method is that the node in network is its neighbor node allocation of channel resources, can overcome the shortcoming that centralized channel is distributed, but general computational complexity is relatively high.In this field, China's patent of invention still belongs to vacancy.
In order rationally to utilize time-frequency channel resource in wireless sensor network, overcome existing distributed channel distributing method and can only distribute time domain channel, the too high shortcoming of computational complexity, the present invention proposes a kind of distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation that is applied to wireless sensor network.Adopt the method can effectively improve communication reliability and network throughput, and conserve energy.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: can only distribute time domain channel, the too high shortcoming down to being difficult to realize of computational complexity for traditional distributed channel distributing method, the present invention proposes the distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation of a kind of adaptation for wireless sensor network, can reduce the transmission collision in wireless sensor network, reduce idle listening and cross-talk phenomenon, and then can effectively improve reliability and the throughput of network communication of wireless sensor conserve energy.
Technical scheme: a kind of distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation that is applied to wireless sensor network, be applicable to self-organizing, the selfreparing of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: node is the record to time-frequency channel resource service condition according to its neighbor node, be preferably oneself and distribute the operating frequency not used in interference range, for other nodes distribute the time-frequency channel resource not used in interference range, thereby make full use of radio channel resource.Node and SINK node are all only opened transceiver at broadcast stage, open time slot and the time slot (open time slot and the time slot of having set up two-way link are referred to as and enliven time slot) of having set up two-way link, to save energy.
All nodes that added network, all can broadcast beacon information.In beacon message, include self operating frequency of current network time, node, the operating frequency of its all neighbor nodes of node, the open slots of enlivening time slot and node of enlivening time slot, its all neighbor nodes of node of node self.At the beginning of wireless sensor network self-organizing, in network, only has a SINK node, ordinary node is the record to time-frequency channel resource service condition according to its neighbor node, be preferably oneself and distribute the operating frequency not used in interference range, for other nodes distribute the time-frequency channel resource not used in interference range.
Node participates in self-organizing and realizes in the process of selfreparing, and the distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation technical scheme of employing is as follows:
Node is attempted distributing for oneself the operating frequency not used within double bounce:
If successfully distributed the operating frequency not used by node within double bounce for oneself, by time delay minimum principle open channel successively, for other node accesses;
If fail to find the operating frequency not used by node within double bounce, node is attempted distributing for oneself the operating frequency not used by neighbor node:
If successfully distributed the operating frequency not used by neighbor node for oneself, according to time delay minimum principle, the open time slot not used by the identical node of operating frequency within double bounce successively, if the node that within double bounce, operating frequency is identical has used all time slots, by time delay minimum principle open slots, for other node accesses;
If fail to find the operating frequency not used by neighbor node, node is selected self operating frequency at random, by time delay minimum principle, the open time slot not used by the identical neighbor node of operating frequency successively, if the neighbor node that now operating frequency is identical has used all time slots, successively by time delay minimum principle open slots, for other node accesses.
Beneficial effect: node is the record to time-frequency channel resource service condition according to its neighbor node, is preferably oneself and distributes the operating frequency not used in interference range, for other nodes distribute the time-frequency channel resource not used in interference range.Thereby make full use of radio channel resource.By Timing Synchronization communication between node, can reduce idle listening, shorten the opening time of node radio-frequency module, thereby reduced energy loss; On the other hand, ensure that multipair node can communicate by letter by different frequency in interference range simultaneously, and do not interfere with each other, thereby reduced transmission collision, further reduced and retransmitted the energy consumption bringing, improved reliability and throughput.Therefore, adopt the method can improve reliability and the throughput of network communication of wireless sensor, and reach the beneficial effect of conserve energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the topological structure of wireless sensor network.
11-SINK node, is that the data of wireless sensor network are collected center, is also time service center, initiation self-organization of network simultaneously;
12-ordinary node, below is also called for short node;
13-bidirectional communication link.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of time-frequency channel resource in the present invention, in figure, has three operating frequencies and every frame has the time-frequency channel resource of four time slots as example explanation taking one.
21-broadcasts the stage; The 22-clean culture stage; 23-time slot; 24-frame; 25-public frequency; 26-operating frequency
Each frame 24 is divided into broadcast stage 21 and clean culture stage 22, and each clean culture stage is divided into again multiple time slots 23.At frequency domain, public frequency 25 only has one, and operating frequency 26 can have one also can have multiple.
Embodiment
The present invention is applicable to self-organizing and the selfreparing of wireless sensor network as shown in Figure 1.Node is the record to time-frequency channel resource service condition according to its neighbor node, be preferably oneself and distribute the operating frequency not used in interference range, for other nodes distribute the time-frequency channel resource not used in interference range, thereby make full use of radio channel resource; Ordinary node 12 and SINK node 11 are all only in the broadcast stage with enliven time slot and open transceiver, to save energy.
Following instance is to further illustrate of the present invention, instead of restriction scope of invention.
In the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, each node has been preserved seven bit vectors: ST, NT, CNT, CIT, SF, NF, IF to the structure of time-frequency channel resource.Wherein, ST, NT, CNT, the length of CIT is corresponding with the number of time slot 23 in every frame, and with SF, NF, the length of IF is corresponding with the number of operating frequency 26.
ST: the time slot service condition of memory node self, if certain time slot of node in active state, the bit that ST is corresponding is set to 1, otherwise is 0;
NT: the time slot service condition of storage neighbor node, if exist certain time slot of neighbor node in active state, the corresponding bit of NT is set to 1, otherwise is 0;
CNT: the time slot service condition of the identical neighbor node of storage operating frequency, if exist its operating frequency of neighbor node identical with NA, and its certain time slot is in active state, the corresponding bit of NT is set to 1, otherwise is 0;
CIT: the time slot service condition of the identical double bounce scope interior nodes of storage operating frequency, if exist node identical with the operating frequency of NA within the scope of double bounce, certain time slot in active state, the position that IT is corresponding is 1, otherwise is 0;
The operating frequency of SF memory node self, if node has used certain operating frequency, the position that SF is corresponding is 1, otherwise is 0;
The operating frequency of NF storage neighbor node, if neighbor node has used certain operating frequency, the position that NF is corresponding is 1, otherwise is 0;
The operating frequency of IF storage double bounce scope interior nodes, if there is node to use certain time slot within the scope of double bounce, the position that IF is corresponding is 1, otherwise is 0.
Node can periodically update ST, NT, CNT, CIT, SF, NF, the value of IF vector in the course of the work.
All nodes 12 that added network, all pass through public frequency 25 broadcast beacon information in the broadcast stage 21.In beacon message, include current network time, the ST of sending node, NT, SF, NF and routing iinformation.At the beginning of wireless sensor network self-organizing, in network, only have a node, be also SINK node 11.
Self-organizing:
For a node (NA), if NA is ordinary node 12, the self-organizing of NA participation network needs following five steps; If NA is SINK node 11, NA is directly since the 3rd step:
The first step: time synchronized.Monitor public frequency 25, when receiving after first beacon message, carry out time synchronized with network, afterwards will be only in the broadcast stage 21 with enliven time slot and open transceiver.
Second step: add network.NA monitors public frequency 25, receives and analyze the beacon message of neighbor node, to obtain the routing iinformation of neighbor node.Through after a period of time, NA selects its optimum neighbor node (NB) (selecting the method for optimum neighbor node to determine according to routing algorithm), and the time slot 23 (TB) of opening at NB sends access request by public frequency 25 to NB.
If NB allows access, represent that NA successfully adds network, between NA and NB, successfully set up bidirectional communication link 13 at TB by the operating frequency 26 (FB) of NB, continue the 3rd step.
If can not access NB, rebound second step.
The 3rd step: allow other nodes 12 to access.Monitor public frequency 25, receive and analyze the beacon message of all neighbor nodes, with time-frequency channel resource service condition neighbor node and double bounce scope interior nodes 12.The ST in all beacon messages of receiving and self ST are carried out AND operation bit-by-bit by NA, can obtain the NT of self.The SF in the beacon message of received neighbor node and the SF of self are carried out AND operation bit-by-bit by NA, can obtain the NF of self; NF in the beacon message of received neighbor node is carried out to AND operation bit-by-bit, can obtain the IF of self.Before sending beacon message for the first time, NA will be the frequency that oneself shares out the work, and open slots is for other node accesses.
NA attempts distributing for oneself the operating frequency 25 not used within double bounce according to its IF.
If successfully distributed the operating frequency 25 not used by node within double bounce for oneself, will press time delay minimum principle open slots successively according to self ST value afterwards, for other nodes accesses.Its method is to start to find to bit direction corresponding to time slot before it from TB corresponding bit among ST, is not 0 bit until search out first, then opens time slot corresponding to it.
If NA could not find the operating frequency 25 not used by node within double bounce 12, attempt distributing for oneself the operating frequency not used by neighbor node according to NF.
If NA oneself has distributed the operating frequency not used by neighbor node (to be made as n)., the NT of the neighbor node that is 1 according to all NF n position is carried out AND operation bit-by-bit by NA, obtain self CIT, and according to CIT according to time delay minimum principle, open not by the identical time slot that node used of operating frequency within double bounce successively, for other nodes accesses.Its method is to start to find to bit direction corresponding to time slot before it from TB corresponding bit among CIT, is not 0 bit until search out first, then opens time slot corresponding to it.
If the node 12 of operating frequency identical 25 has used all time slots 23 within double bounce, press time delay minimum principle open slots according to ST.
NA could not find the operating frequency not used by neighbor node, NA is that own Random assignment operating frequency (is made as m),, the NT of the neighbor node that is 1 according to all NF m position is carried out AND operation bit-by-bit by NA, obtain self CIT, and according to CIT according to time delay minimum principle, open not by the identical time slot that node used of operating frequency within double bounce successively, for other node accesses.
If the node 12 that now within double bounce, operating frequency 25 is identical has used all time slots 23,, the ST of the neighbor node that is 1 according to all SF m position is carried out AND operation bit-by-bit by NA, obtain self CNT, and according to CNT according to time delay minimum principle, open not by the identical time slot that neighbor node used of frequency successively, for other node accesses.
If the neighbor node 12 of operating frequency identical 25 has used all time slots 23, press time delay minimum principle open slots according to ST afterwards.
Claims (5)
1. a distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation that is applied to wireless sensor network, is characterized in that: wireless sensor network has adopted distributed video two dimensional channel distribution method in the process of self-organizing, selfreparing.
2. distributed video two dimensional channel distribution method according to claim 1, be further characterized in that: node is the record to time-frequency channel resource service condition according to its neighbor node, be preferably oneself and distribute the operating frequency not used in interference range, for other nodes distribute the time-frequency channel resource not used in interference range.
3. distributed video two dimensional channel distribution method according to claim 1, be further characterized in that: based on the wireless sensor network of this distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation, node participates in self-organizing and realize the distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation technical scheme adopting in the process of selfreparing as follows:
Node is attempted distributing for oneself the operating frequency not used within double bounce:
If node is successfully oneself to have distributed the operating frequency not used by node within double bounce, by time delay minimum principle open slots successively, for other node accesses;
If node could not find the operating frequency not used by node within double bounce, node is attempted distributing for oneself the operating frequency not used by neighbor node:
If node is successfully oneself to have distributed the operating frequency not used by neighbor node, according to time delay minimum principle, attempt the open time slot not used by the identical node of operating frequency within double bounce successively, if the node that within double bounce, operating frequency is identical has used all time slots, by time delay minimum principle open slots, for other node accesses;
If node could not find the operating frequency not used by neighbor node, node is own Random assignment operating frequency, by time delay minimum principle, first attempt the open time slot not used by the identical node of operating frequency within double bounce successively, if the node that now within double bounce, operating frequency is identical has used all time slots, reattempt the open time slot not used by the identical neighbor node of operating frequency successively, if the neighbor node that operating frequency is identical has also used all time slots, by time delay minimum principle open slots successively, for other node accesses.
4. distributed video two dimensional channel distribution method according to claim 1, be further characterized in that: the wireless sensor network that has adopted this invention to organize, its ordinary node and SINK node are all only opened transceiver at broadcast stage, open time slot and the time slot of having set up two-way link.
5. according to the distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation that is applied to wireless sensor network described in claim 1,2,3,4,5, be further characterized in that: wireless sensor network, in the process of self-organizing, selfreparing, adopts this distributed time-frequency two-dimensional method for channel allocation.
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| CN105636228A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-06-01 | 南京邮电大学 | Wireless sensor network child node data transmission method based on multiplexing |
| CN106559791A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-04-05 | 电信科学技术研究院 | A kind of data transmission method and equipment |
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| CN105636228A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-06-01 | 南京邮电大学 | Wireless sensor network child node data transmission method based on multiplexing |
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| CN107222872B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | A kind of wireless self-organization network construction method |
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