CN104049299A - Bending-insensitive single mode fiber and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Bending-insensitive single mode fiber and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104049299A CN104049299A CN201410124462.4A CN201410124462A CN104049299A CN 104049299 A CN104049299 A CN 104049299A CN 201410124462 A CN201410124462 A CN 201410124462A CN 104049299 A CN104049299 A CN 104049299A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bending-insensitive single mode fiber and a manufacturing method of the bending-insensitive single mode fiber. The bending-insensitive single mode fiber comprises a fiber core and wrapping layers, wherein the wrapping layers outside the fiber core sequentially include the inner wrapping layer, the fluorine-doped refractive index lowering wrapping layer and the outer wrapping layer from inside to outside. The manufacturing method of the bending-insensitive single mode fiber includes the following steps of firstly, manufacturing a mandrel according to a VAD method; secondly, manufacturing the fluorine-doped refractive index lowering wrapping layer according to an OVD method; thirdly, depositing the outer wrapping layer outside the fluorine-doped refractive index lowering wrapping layer to obtain a fluorine-doped wrapped pipe; fourthly, inserting the mandrel into the fluorine-doped wrapped pipe, and sintering the mandrel and the fluorine-doped wrapped pipe into a whole; fifthly, conducting optical fiber wire drawing so that the manufactured optical fiber stick can be drawn to form an optical fiber. Compared with a traditional similar optical fiber, the bending-insensitive single mode fiber has better bending prevention performance and smaller bending loss and can be better compatible with G.652D, and the manufacturing method is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to several field fibers, particularly relate to a kind of bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with Access Network and FTTH development, for optical fiber, new requirement is also proposed, at this time G.652 optical fiber traditional, a large amount of uses can not meet user demand completely in some occasion, so the Dec of 2006, ITU has released the standard of new G.657 bending loss insensitive single-mode fiber (bending loss insensitive single mode optical fiber), and G.657 G.657A optical fiber be divided into and two classes G.657B.G.657A need with the G.652D optical fiber of routine completely compatiblely, bending radius may diminish to 10mm; G.657B optical fiber is not imposed with completely compatible with optical fiber G.652D, but in bending property, has higher requirement.Bending radius may diminish to 7.5mm.
Along with the development of fiber optic applications G.657, the index of bending loss is proposed to more and more higher requirement, particularly, in the multitenant unit and house wiring system of FTTH, bending radius need to drop to 5mm.In order to adapt to new market development, in October, 2009, the new criteria that it is 5mm that ITU has increased for bending radius in standard G.657, like this, G.657 optical fibre packages has contained the kind of three kinds of minimum bending radius, as shown in the table:
Category-A: (need with G.652 compatible)
| Bending radius | G.657. A1 | G.657. A2 | G.657. A3 |
| 10 mm | The every circle of 0.75dB/ | ? | ? |
| 7.5 mm | ? | The every circle of 0.5dB/ | ? |
| 5 mm | ? | ? | The every circle of 0.15dB/ |
Category-B: (not needing with G.652 compatible)
| Bending radius | G.657. B2 | G.657. B3 |
| 7.5 mm | The every circle of 0.5dB/ | ? |
| 5 mm | ? | The every circle of 0.15dB/ |
The light field of the HE11 mould transmitting in single-mode fiber in straight optical fiber is the symmetrical Gaussian distribution centered by axis.When fibre-optical bending, the covering direction migration laterally of the center line of light field, light field is no longer gaussian shaped profile, and forms longer afterbody in covering outside.When light wave is advanced, the path of advancing than central field in the tail field in outside is long, for whole mould field synchronization, must advance with higher speed in tail field, be more that the tail field speed degree in outside is high, like this, the speed of outermost tail field will be over the light velocity, and this part tail field just loses, and causes bending loss.The bending loss of single-mode fiber is relevant with the concentration degree (confinement) of light field to a great extent.The concentration degree of field is defined as the ratio of light intensity on fiber core part light intensity and the whole cross section of optical fiber.As can be seen here, (MFD) is less for mode field diameter, and the concentration degree of field is just higher, and bending loss will be less.Therefore, invariably to take the concentration degree improving be the starting point in the design of various novel G.657 optical fiber.
At present, G.657 the structure of optical fiber probably can be divided five classes, as shown in Figure 1.Wherein (a) is little doped core optical fiber (small core fiber); (b) be depressed cladding index distribution optical fiber (depressed cladding fiber or title protected core fiber); (c) be the sagging cladding index profile fiber (trench – assisted fiber) of circular groove shape; (d) be porous cladding optical fiber (hole-assisted fiber); (e) be stochastic distribution micropore cladded-fiber (random void fiber or title nanoStructures fiber).Wherein first three class is all-glass fiber structure, and rear two classes are air clad structure.
Analyzed respectively below:
(1) little doped core optical fiber (small core fiber), is in the G.652 optical fiber of routine, reduces core diameter, to reduce mode field diameter, improves bending property.
(2) depressed cladding index distribution optical fiber (depressed cladding fiber) is by SiO
2in covering, mix F and form umbilicate type refractive index covering, to improve the concentration degree of field, improve bending property.
(3) the sagging cladding index profile fiber (trench – assisted fiber) of circular groove shape, this type optical fiber in clad region, arrange with the poor larger circular groove shape refractive index bogging down area of cladding index, can improve light field in the concentration degree (confinement) of fibre core, as shown in Figure 2, wherein, (1) standard fiber, (2) circular groove shape cladding index optical fiber that sink, (3) stochastic distribution micropore cladded-fiber.
(4) porous cladding optical fiber (hole-assisted fiber), this type optical fiber is actually from photonic crystal fiber (photonic crystal fiber, PCF) and is transformed.Due to its design feature, when bending, not only loss is low, and bending stress is also much smaller than solid core fibres.But PCF cannot be compatible with standard fiber, can not with the mutual welding of standard fiber.Large-scale production is also quite difficult.
(5) stochastic distribution micropore cladded-fiber (nanoStructures fiber); The product of Shi You Corning Incorporated exploitation, its commodity are called ClearCurveTM optical fiber.This kind of optical fiber is comprised of with the covering that is provided with the nanometer air micropore of annular stochastic distribution the fibre core of mixing germanium.From optical effect, say, it is the same with the sagging cladding index profile fiber (trench – assisted fiber) of circular groove shape, is all that the sagging cladding index of annular distributive province is set in covering.Venerating is that the physics mode that adopts is different, and one is to realize refractive index and sink by mixing fluorine, and one is to adopt air micropore to reduce flat refractive index, (air refraction is 1).Pore size arrives between hundreds of nanometer in several nanometers.Just because of this, the analysis of the leaded light principle of the sagging cladding index profile fiber of above-mentioned circular groove shape is completely applicable to this micropore cladded-fiber.But because physical arrangement is different, thereby make this type optical fiber present unique advantage: the sagging covering of stochastic distribution micropore refractive index and SiO
2the refractive index contrast of covering can be up to a few percent, and the refractive index contrast of mixing fluorine layer and covering is ppt.Thereby the second leaded light interface here oneself be not traditional " a little less than lead " property.This compares with the sagging cladding index profile fiber of circular groove shape, and its wall effect to light field tail field is much better than.
The manufacture craft of stochastic distribution micropore cladded-fiber (nanoStructures fiber) is to combine to make preform with the moulding process of traditional gas-phase deposition and microbubble.
Standard fiber, the sagging cladding index optical fiber of circular groove shape and stochastic distribution micropore cladded-fiber all can be made of traditional optical wand gas-phase deposition, and the counter-bending best results of the sagging cladding index profile fiber of circular groove shape, the sagging cladding index optical fiber of circular groove shape and stochastic distribution micropore cladded-fiber need combine to make by gentle bubble moulding process with traditional gas-phase deposition, and technique is quite complicated.Yet the counter-bending effect of traditional bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber need to improve, with G.652D compatibility is also to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber and preparation method thereof, than traditional same type optical fiber, there is better bending resistance and less bending loss, and with G.652D have better compatibility, and method for making is simple.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber is provided, comprises: fibre core and covering, and fiber core refractive index is poor is, wherein, is fiber core refractive index, is covering basal plane refractive index; Covering outside fibre core is followed successively by inner cladding from inside to outside, mix fluorine refractive index sink covering and surrounding layer, in clad region, mixes the fluorine refractive index cladding index of sinking poor, wherein, and for mixing the fluorine refractive index covering that sink.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described core diameter is 8 μ m ~ 8.5 μ m, described cladding diameter is 121 μ m ~ 128 μ m, and mixing the sagging covering inside radius of fluorine refractive index is 16 μ m ~ 20 μ m, and mixing the sagging covering external radius of fluorine refractive index is 37 μ m ~ 43 μ m.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the described sagging covering of fluorine refractive index of mixing comprises SiO
2porous base tube, at described SiO
2in porous base tube, infiltration has fluoro-gas, forms sagging ramp type index distribution.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, another technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method for making of bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber is provided, comprises the following steps:
(1) by VAD legal system, make plug;
(2) by OVD method, make and mix the sagging covering of fluorine refractive index;
(3) mixing the sagging covering external sediment surrounding layer of fluorine refractive index, make and mix fluorine cladding;
(4) in mixing fluorine cladding, insert plug, burn till one;
(5) drawing optical fibers, is drawn into optical fiber by the optical fibre rod completing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described step (1) by the concrete steps that VAD legal system is made plug is: the quartz pushrod depositing after initial upwards promotes, and makes depositional plane remain on same position, and with two torches, one for depositing fibre core, at SiO
2middle doped with Ge O
2, another finally dewaters the porous preform of making for sedimentary inner envoloping layer, sinters transparent plug into.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described step (2) by the concrete steps that the sagging covering of fluorine refractive index is mixed in the making of OVD method is: on target rod, deposit SiO
2porous body, makes SiO
2porous base tube, then by SiO
2porous base tube heats, and at SiO
2porous base tube center leads to fluoro-gas, makes fluoro-gas mind-set SiO from pipe
2the radial infiltration of antipriming pipe, thus sagging ramp type index distribution formed, finally sinter into and mix the sagging covering of fluorine refractive index.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), by OVD method, mixing the sagging covering external sediment SiO of fluorine refractive index
2surrounding layer, makes and mixes fluorine cladding.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described step (4) is inserted plug in mixing fluorine cladding, burning all-in-one-piece concrete steps is: first the fluorine cladding of mixing of completing steps (3) is heated, the plug again step (1) being completed inserts to be mixed in fluorine cladding, and both are sintered into one, form integral optical fiber rod.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the position deviation of the deposition end of deposition fibre core and sedimentary inner envoloping layer is all controlled at the precision that is less than 50 μ m.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), before mixing the sagging covering sintering of fluorine refractive index, at this body, be common to helium and the chlorine of drying and dehydrating outward, described fluoro-gas is SiF
4, CF
4or C
2f
6.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention has better bending resistance and less bending loss than traditional same type optical fiber, and with G.652D have better compatibility, and method for making is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing of required use during embodiment is described is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also according to these accompanying drawings, obtain other accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is optical fiber structure schematic diagram G.657;
Fig. 2 is three kinds of Refractive Index Profile o sections and light field concentration degree figure;
Fig. 3 is the refractive index profile figure of a kind of bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a kind of bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 makes the SiO that mixes the sagging covering of fluorine refractive index in bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber shown in Fig. 4
2the OVD process schematic representation of base tube;
Fig. 6 be shown in Fig. 4, in bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber, mix fluorine cladding mix fluorine process schematic representation;
Fig. 7 deposits SiO mixing on fluorine cladding in bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber shown in Fig. 4
2the OVD process schematic representation of surrounding layer;
In accompanying drawing, the mark of each parts is as follows: 1, plug, 2, mix the fluorine refractive index covering that sink, 3, SiO
2surrounding layer, 4, target rod, 5, SiO
2porous base tube, 6, torch, 7, fluoro-gas, 8, heating furnace.
Embodiment
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making all other embodiment that obtain under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention comprises:
A bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber, as shown in Figure 4, comprising: fibre core and covering, and fiber core refractive index is poor is, wherein, is fiber core refractive index, is covering basal plane refractive index; Covering outside fibre core is followed successively by inner cladding from inside to outside, mix fluorine refractive index sink covering 2 and surrounding layer 3, in clad region, mixes the fluorine refractive index cladding index of sinking poor, wherein, and for mixing the fluorine refractive index covering that sink.
Plug 1 comprises fibre core and inner cladding part, and described core diameter is 8.2 μ m, and described cladding diameter is 125 μ m, and mixing sagging covering 2 inside radiuss of fluorine refractive index is 18 μ m, and mixing sagging covering 2 external radiuss of fluorine refractive index is 40 μ m.
The described sagging covering 2 of fluorine refractive index of mixing comprises SiO
2antipriming pipe, at described SiO
2in antipriming pipe, infiltration has fluoro-gas, forms sagging ramp type index distribution.
The present invention is the sagging cladding index profile fiber of a kind of circular groove shape of particular design, as shown in Figure 3.The circular groove shape cladding index profile fiber (trench – assisted fiber) that sink: this type optical fiber in clad region, arrange with the poor larger circular groove shape refractive index bogging down area of cladding index, can improve light field in the concentration degree (confinement) of fibre core, as shown in Figure 2.From its refractive index profile, here there are two leaded light interfaces, one is fibre core-covering interface, fiber core refractive index is greater than cladding index, formation can realize the leaded light interface of total internal reflection, because the basic mode light intensity in single-mode fiber is gaussian shaped profile, so the main leaded light interface that this interface is optical fiber is limited in most luminous powers of light field in fibre core.Another is the inner boundary of the sagging covering of circular groove shape and covering, and here, cladding index is greater than the sagging cladding index of circular groove shape of mixing fluorine, has formed second the leaded light interface that can realize total internal reflection.This interface is the light field tail field of HE11 basic mode in restricted simple module optical fiber effectively, reduces mode field diameter.Especially when fibre-optical bending, the circular groove shape covering that sink has formed a barrier that hinders tail field effusion optical fiber it can hinder tail field effusion fibre cladding effectively, thereby reduces widely bending loss.In addition, at the outer boundary of the sagging covering of circular groove shape and covering, here, the sagging cladding index of circular groove shape is less than cladding index, thereby has formed refractive power interface.On this interface, a part of light is reflected back, and a part of light is refracted away, causes loss.And in bend insensitive fiber of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, there is a leaded light interface in sagging ramp type index distribution district, its interfacial refraction rate from inside to outside, from big to small, forms leaded light interface.Due to the existence at this interface, improve the concentration degree of field, improved bending property; In addition, in sagging ramp type index distribution, the obvious refractive power face of neither one (its interfacial refraction rate from inside to outside, from small to large), thus the light loss of having avoided light intensity tail field effusion refractive power face to cause.Due to this special refractive index profile structure, at bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber of the present invention, than traditional same type optical fiber, there is better bending resistance and less bending loss, and with G.652D have better compatibility.
The method for making of this bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) by VAD legal system, make plug 1, plug 1 comprises fibre core and inner cladding part: the quartz pushrod depositing after initial upwards promotes, and makes depositional plane remain on same position, and with two torches, one for depositing fibre core, at SiO
2middle doped with Ge O
2, another is for depositing SiO
2inner cladding, finally dewaters the porous preform of making, and sinters transparent plug 1 into;
The key of VAD method is strictly to control process conditions, and the position of lithosomic body end, so just can reach and produce uniform and stable plug 1, the minor fluctuations of lithosomic body deposition end position will cause the variation of parent external diameter and refractive index profile, therefore, the position deviation of the deposition end of deposition fibre core and sedimentary inner envoloping layer is all controlled at the precision that is less than 50 μ m, and the positioning signal providing by video camera is controlled;
(2) by OVD method, make and mix the sagging covering SiO of fluorine refractive index
2porous base tube, as shown in Figure 5: on target rod 4, deposit SiO
2porous body 5, makes SiO
2porous base tube;
(3) then as shown in 6: by SiO
2porous base tube 5 heats in heating furnace 8, and at SiO
2porous base tube 5 centers lead to fluoro-gas 7, make fluoro-gas 7 mind-set SiO from pipe
2the radial infiltration of porous base tube 5, thus sagging ramp type index distribution formed, at this body, be common to helium and the chlorine of drying and dehydrating outward, finally sinter into and mix the sagging covering 2 of fluorine refractive index, described fluoro-gas 7 is SiF
4, CF
4or C
2f
6;
(4) outside mixing the sagging covering 2 of fluorine refractive index, deposition SiO
2surrounding layer 3, as shown in Figure 7, is mixing the sagging covering 2 external sediment SiO of fluorine refractive index by OVD method
2surrounding layer 3, makes and mixes fluorine surrounding layer pipe.
(5) plug 1 step (1) being completed inserts to be mixed in fluorine surrounding layer pipe, as shown in Figure 4, in heating furnace 8, pass to helium and chlorine and carry out drying and dehydrating, make to mix fluorine surrounding layer pipe and sinter glass tube into, in the process of sintering, have one radial inside power to be added to and mix on fluorine surrounding layer pipe, this power makes to mix inwardly radial being pressed on plug 1 of fluorine cladding, thereby makes both sintering be fused into an integral optical fiber rod.
(6) drawing optical fibers, is drawn into optical fiber by the optical fibre rod completing pulling out on tower.
The present invention has better bending resistance and less bending loss than traditional same type optical fiber, and with G.652D have better compatibility, and method for making is simple.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber, is characterized in that, comprising: fibre core and covering, fiber core refractive index is poor is
, wherein,
for fiber core refractive index,
for covering basal plane refractive index; Covering outside fibre core is followed successively by inner cladding from inside to outside, mix fluorine refractive index sink covering and surrounding layer, in clad region, mixes the fluorine refractive index cladding index of sinking poor
, wherein,
for mixing the sagging covering of fluorine refractive index.
2. bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described core diameter is 8 μ m ~ 8.5 μ m, described cladding diameter is 121 μ m ~ 128 μ m, mixing the sagging covering inside radius of fluorine refractive index is 16 μ m ~ 20 μ m, and mixing the sagging covering external radius of fluorine refractive index is 37 μ m ~ 43 μ m.
3. bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described sagging covering of fluorine refractive index of mixing comprises SiO
2porous base tube, at described SiO
2in porous base tube, infiltration has fluoro-gas, forms sagging ramp type index distribution.
4. the method for making of bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) by VAD legal system, make plug;
(2) by OVD method, make and mix the sagging covering of fluorine refractive index;
(3) mixing the sagging covering external sediment surrounding layer of fluorine refractive index, make and mix fluorine cladding;
(4) in mixing fluorine cladding, insert plug, burn till one;
(5) drawing optical fibers, is drawn into optical fiber by the optical fibre rod completing.
5. method for making according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described step (1) by the concrete steps that VAD legal system is made plug is: the quartz pushrod depositing after initial upwards promotes, make depositional plane remain on same position, and with two torches, one for depositing fibre core, at SiO
2middle doped with Ge O
2, another finally dewaters the porous preform of making for sedimentary inner envoloping layer, sinters transparent plug into.
6. method for making according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described step (2) by the concrete steps that the sagging covering of fluorine refractive index is mixed in the making of OVD method is: on target rod, deposit SiO
2porous body, makes SiO
2porous base tube, then by SiO
2porous base tube heats, and at SiO
2porous base tube center leads to fluoro-gas, makes fluoro-gas mind-set SiO from pipe
2the radial infiltration of antipriming pipe, thus sagging ramp type index distribution formed, finally sinter into and mix the sagging covering of fluorine refractive index.
7. method for making according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step (3), by OVD method, is mixing the sagging covering external sediment SiO of fluorine refractive index
2surrounding layer, makes and mixes fluorine cladding.
8. method for making according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described step (4) is inserted plug in mixing fluorine cladding, burning all-in-one-piece concrete steps is: first the fluorine cladding of mixing of completing steps (3) is heated, the plug again step (1) being completed inserts to be mixed in fluorine cladding, and both are sintered into one, form integral optical fiber rod.
9. method for making according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in step (1), the position deviation of the deposition end of deposition fibre core and sedimentary inner envoloping layer is all controlled at the precision that is less than 50 μ m.
10. method for making according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in step (2), before mixing the sagging covering sintering of fluorine refractive index, is common to helium and the chlorine of drying and dehydrating at this body outward, and described fluoro-gas is SiF
4, CF
4or C
2f
6.
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| CN107247305A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-10-13 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Low decay single-mode fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110927862A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-27 | 普天线缆集团有限公司 | Novel bending insensitive G657 single mode fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111781673A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-16 | 普天线缆集团有限公司 | Novel ultra-low loss G.654E optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111960660A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-20 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Bending-resistant and irradiation-resistant single-mode optical fiber, optical fiber preform and preparation method |
| CN112051640A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-12-08 | 普天线缆集团有限公司 | Ultra-low loss G.654E optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112051640B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-11-04 | 普天线缆集团有限公司 | Ultra-low loss G.654E optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111960660A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-20 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Bending-resistant and irradiation-resistant single-mode optical fiber, optical fiber preform and preparation method |
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