CN104048620B - A kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104048620B CN104048620B CN201410316070.8A CN201410316070A CN104048620B CN 104048620 B CN104048620 B CN 104048620B CN 201410316070 A CN201410316070 A CN 201410316070A CN 104048620 B CN104048620 B CN 104048620B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration apparatus and method.A kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration device is made up of PSD position sensor arrays, support shaft, ring laser and control circuit, PSD position sensors array is made up of some coaxial PSD position sensor circles, each PSD position sensors circle by some with multiple location points on central axis as the center of circle, photosurface just to and PSD position sensor units parallel to central axis constitute；Support shaft is located on central axis, and support shaft is provided with ring laser, and the surface of emission of ring laser is perpendicular to central axis.Assembly of the invention simple structure, with low cost, make and assembling is easy.The method of the present invention is easy to the Active Reflector of radio telescope to upgrade, and the real-time ensuring performance of radio telescope, implementing process are simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration device based on ring laser and PSD arrays
And method, it is highly suitable for the absolute splicing calibration detection of the radio panel of radio telescope and corrects.
Background technology
Radio telescope generally has very heavy caliber, its antenna（Main panel）Generally it is spliced by high-volume small panel,
Such as 65 meters bore Radio Telescope Antennas are made up of the panel splicing of thousand of pieces of one meter of magnitudes, install in the radio telescope and
During input commencement of commercial operation, under the influence of the outer load such as gravity and wind-force, it is necessary to ensure that its paraboloidal integral face type exists
In the range of permission.In addition to the support guarantor type for considering antenna back frame is designed, the detection of high-volume panel splicing is also that radio is hoped
Remote mirror design and the key component of operation, the absolute calibration detection method of especially most crucial face shape, realize whole principal reflection
The face shape of the Design Theory that face requires, rather than only some time engraves the maintenance measurement of the relative change of shape above primary reflection surface.
Radio telescope increasingly requires that the passive control from based on mathematical model develops towards the adjustment of dynamic realtime face type,
This is accomplished by a kind of real-time detection technology, it can be estimated that the real-time surface type under any zenith distance.The panel inspection of radio telescope
Survey is one of key technology of real-time radio telescope panel splicing, and radio telescope is due to wave band and optical infrared telescope
Different, its primary mirror（Antenna）Surface figure accuracy require also greatly differ from each other.Require to be 20 points according to diffraction conditions surface figure accuracy
To a wavelength, about 0.2 millimeter of submillimeter region minimal wave length, the requirement of panel splicing common phase be 20 points mean square to a wavelength
Root, i.e. 10 microns of surface figure accuracy.This and optical infrared wave band（The face of 27.5 nanometers of such as 550 nano wave length of visible ray
Shape required precision）Relax hundred times.Generally radio telescope carries out using said method in installation and debugging, in middle zenith
Panel adjustment and calibration are carried out away from/elevation angle so that panel precision reaches 1/20th wavelength, no longer right in formal use
Panel precision is measured in real time and is adjusted, and the supported design simply by telescope ensures.
Common radio telescope panel detection and method of adjustment, mainly have optical meanss, radio holography method, laser measurement
Method etc..Wherein, theodolite, laser tracker, laser total station, laser range finder etc. method, rigid telescope certain
Under attitude（Such as panel-level is towards day or vertically towards level）They are all with the ability that can detect and adjust panel so that
Panel reaches design tolerance index, the integral panels SHAPE DETECTION and demarcation before being mainly used in coming into operation after panel is installed, and lacks
Point is exactly that loaded down with trivial details, batch detection needs the target and retroeflector of high-volume auxiliary, not real-time；Radio holography method is using same
Walk satellite, astronomical or artificial radio source to measure the wavefront of whole antenna, it is only necessary to using the receiver of telescope itself（Best
Frequency is close to the antenna frequencies upper limit）, hardware device requires simple, but which is not real-time, can only carry out in several elevation angles
Match somebody with somebody, time-consuming；And other photographic process precision can only achieve about 0.1 millimeter, it is seen that the imaging detection method of optical band is because penetrate
The large scale of band aerial panel, relatively low precision and field seeing problem, can not be suitable for here；
" the radio telescope common phase based on tetragon sub-panel four-point supporting is detected Chinese patent ZL200910212710.X
Method ", disposes target in antennas at least sub-panel of a full line and a permutation of the heart, swept using high-precision rotation tracking
Retouch laser receiver or spotting scaming Laser emission reception device, at least son of a full line at scanning antenna center and a permutation
Target on panel, and be directed at the position of different targets by high-precision encoder recording laser discharger, by
Laser-bounce device translates the measurement processing of the image patch positional information of the splicing target surface of rotation together obtaining angle-data, directly
The position deviation of all panels is derived, is entirely spliced the surface figure accuracy of antenna and is needed to correct required for the surface figure accuracy
The reduction of strong point displacement, i.e. actuator.The method needs high-precision rotation spotting scaming, and this repeat track points to essence
Degree is difficult to do height, and every time the position of scanning is too many, and splicing target surface design also is difficult to, and installs, be directed at adjustment and enforcement is all very complicated,
Also have any problem；In addition bigger problem is easily to be affected and can not be realized that the absolute face type of primary reflection surface is determined by environmental background light
Mapping amount, can only measure relative change, for primary reflection surface absolute calibration after the relative real-time measurement for maintaining of face shape.
The common drawback of above-mentioned radio telescope reflecting surface detection method is：It is only suitable for single or certain several height and position
Reflecting surface detect and check, it is impossible in the radio telescope course of work real-time detection and ensure its in the good process of mounting and adjusting
Calibrated surface figure accuracy, the workload of mass real-time detection are especially heavy.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome the low prior art precision of the detection of above-mentioned antenna reflective face and method of adjustment, poor anti jamming capability or
Shortcoming with high costs, not real-time and heavy, easily being affected by environmental background light, the present invention are led to for radio telescope main antenna
Simple technological design is crossed, cost is lower realized the absolute calibration detection of the real-time splicing of its batch panel and adjusted,
The present invention provides a kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration device based on ring laser and PSD arrays and is based on
The calibrating method of the device.
The technical scheme for completing a goal of the invention of the invention is:A kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration dress
Put, be made up of PSD position sensor arrays, support shaft, ring laser and control circuit, the PSD position sensors array
It is made up of some coaxial PSD position sensor circles, each PSD position sensors circle is by some with multiple positions on central axis
Point for the center of circle, photosurface just to and parallel to central axis PSD position sensor units constitute；The support shaft is located at described
On central axis, the support shaft is provided with the ring laser, and the direction of the launch of the ring laser is perpendicular to central shaft
Line；The control circuit is carried out signals collecting and signal is carried out for controlling PSD position sensor units and ring laser
Process.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is anti-that the PSD position sensors in PSD position sensor arrays are installed on radio telescope master
Each panel in face is penetrated, ring laser slides along line slideway, and launches laser to PSD position sensor units, by PSD
Position sensor, it is possible to obtain often enclose the height error of the panel that upper difference PSD position sensors are located；By obtaining each PSD
The position of PSD position sensors on position sensor circle, adds the absolutely accurate position of loop laser, it is possible to obtain whole antenna
Panel splicing error.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the central axis is provided with the more than one ring laser, institute
The quantity for stating ring laser is corresponding with the PSD position sensors circle with position.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the support shaft is line slideway, and the PSD position sensors and straight line are led
Rail slidable connection, the PSD position sensors and driving means connection.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the line slideway is provided with the positioning for setting the ring laser position
Mechanism.
A kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration method, step are as follows：
1）PSD position sensor units, PSD position sensings are installed on the monitoring position on each panel of primary reflection surface
Device photosurface forms some PSD position sensors circles, the inspection of each PSD position sensor parallel to primary reflection surface central axis
Survey zero-bit consistent in laboratory internal calibration in a pre-installation；
2）Ring laser is installed parallel to axis on the central axis of antenna, the loop laser direction of the launch is in
Heart axis, and the height along axis is accurately aligned with the target position of the whole PSD position sensors of every circle, ring laser is sent out
Going out a circle laser and a light circle being formed on sustained height circle panel, light circle is contour along the central axial direction of antenna,
And be imaged on corresponding PSD position sensors circle；
3）Control ring laser is launched simultaneously with PSD position sensors and collection signal；
4）According to ring laser in the diverse location along central axial direction, the site error that has demarcated in advance, lead to
The theoretical face shape for crossing antenna is calculated, and is obtained based on each ring laser that has demarcated in vertical centre axis direction into image position
Put；
5）The position of each PSD position sensors, the face that is often enclosed on each PSD position sensors position are often enclosed in collection
The low error of plate hight；
6）All being enclosed the upper position of PSD position sensors and the absolutely accurate position of each corresponding ring laser is carried out
Relatively, the panel splicing error of whole antenna is obtained.
As a further improvement on the present invention, prioritization scheme of the invention has：
The step 2）In, some ring lasers, a ring laser and is provided with the central axis of antenna
Individual PSD position sensors circle ring laser is corresponding.
The step 2）In, a ring laser is provided with the central axis of antenna, ring laser can be along center
Axis is moved up and down, and is accurately aligned with each PSD position sensors circle from coil to coil.
The present invention operation principle be：
Radio telescope primary reflection surface antenna is formed by substantial amounts of panel splicing, while panel itself and primary reflection surface
Support truss is the same, in the observation running of radio telescope point and track towards, is examined by gravity deformation, thermal deformation, processing
Survey the impact with mounting and adjusting error, it is not only possible to be the primary reflection surface technology tightly comprising splicing panel, it is also possible to both spelled
Junction plate and the combination primary reflection surface technology of panel deformation, are the frontline technologies and bottleneck being most difficult in primary reflection surface technology.
Conventional theodolite can only stop observation and towards in day placement process in telescope, different along central axis
Target height, and position adjustment one by one on each panel of point-to-point measurement on height so that the precision of the primary reflection surface of splicing is one
In fixed accuracy rating.By on each key position of primary reflection surface, parallel to primary reflection surface axis, install in advance in reality
Test the conforming PSD of dimensional height that indoor development zero crossing demarcates, by launching while loop laser and PSD and gathering
Control logic, is eliminated the impact of bias light, is imaged by loop laser on PSD, and PSD can obtain the annular of micron dimension and swash
The linear position certainty of measurement of light image, this for submillimeter wave millimeter wave or even longer wave band, completely be competent at diffraction limit
The high accuracy of lower surface shape measurement（/ 40th wavelength）, on parallel to central axial direction, by using loop laser, energy
Once entirety realizes that certain is aimed the position measurement with lasing image while enclosing upper whole PSD, by along parallel to central shaft
The accurate movement of the loop laser on the direction of line, or the multiple loop lasers of fixation are installed, it is respectively directed to the PSD mesh of every circle
Mark, the running fix of wherein single ring laser or multiple ring lasers the distance between can be by the reason of antenna
Calculate by face shape formula and obtain, carry out in also different inside and outside the laboratory radius of a circle distance of ring laser distributed pre-
First error calibration, so as to realize the height difference measurements for often enclosing the height error measure of panel and the whole panels of primary reflection surface, and with
The Design Theory processing detection faces shape contrast of primary reflection surface, is the face shape assessment for realizing primary reflection surface, or even follow-up active is anti-
The face shape active correction for penetrating face establishes technical foundation.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The present invention provides a kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration method based on loop laser and PSD arrays
Design, splices and demarcates and splice the whole real-time detections for maintaining with being highly suitable for radio telescope primary reflection surface, overcomes current
Antenna reflective face detection is low with the prior art precision of method of adjustment, poor anti jamming capability or with high costs, not real-time and numerous
Weight, the shortcoming for easily being affected by environmental background light, eliminate the heavy mounting and adjusting of Laser Scanning, and assembling and debugging are extremely
Convenient.For radio telescope primary reflection surface antenna, by simple geometrical principle, realized by easy process
Maintain to the absolute calibration of radio telescope primary reflection surface and definitely detection.Assembly of the invention simple structure, with low cost,
Make and assembling is easy.The method of the present invention is easy to the Active Reflector of radio telescope to upgrade, and real-time ensuring radio is looked in the distance
The performance of mirror, implementing process are simple, reduce labor intensity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of 1 Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration device of embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of 2 Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration device of embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, a kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration device, by PSD position sensors array 20, directly
Line guide rail 3, ring laser 4 and control circuit（Do not show in figure）Composition, PSD position sensors array 20 is by some coaxial
PSD position sensors circle 21 is constituted, and line slideway 3 is located at 6 position of primary reflection surface central axis, each PSD position sensor circle
21 by some with line slideway 3 as the center of circle, photosurface constituted parallel to the PSD position sensor units 211 of central axis 6；Directly
Line guide rail 3 is provided with ring laser 4, and the direction of the launch of ring laser 4 is perpendicular to central axis 6；Control circuit is used for controlling
PSD position sensors 211 processed and ring laser 4 carry out signals collecting and signal are processed.
On the primary reflection surface 1 of a large amount of panel splicings composition, all individual along central axis side on the position for needing measurement
Place PSD position sensor units 21 on the parallel of altitude upwards, PSD position sensor units 21 contain PSD position sensors,
Its supporting mechanism and encapsulation, with highly consistent physical dimension and install locating interface, and scaled in the indoor unification of experiment
Zero point, and on the line slideway 3 parallel to primary reflection surface central axis, the ring laser of the motion of linear drives is installed
4, by the face shape formula of primary reflection surface 1, the height and position and ring laser of the PSD circles of position can be calculated in line slideway
On shift position, and multiple detent mechanisms are set in position, so as to along in central axial direction, by mobile annular
Laser instrument 4, is accurately positioned, to be directed at each circle PSD position sensor units, by laser and transmitting while PSD and survey
The control logic of amount, eliminates the impact of environmental background light, realizes that the absolute calibration on each position sensor unit PSD position is surveyed
The absolute calibration of amount and whole primary reflection surface is measured.
Such as Fig. 1, the Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration method of the present embodiment, step are as follows：
1）PSD position sensor units, PSD position sensings are installed on the monitoring position on each panel of primary reflection surface
Device photosurface forms some PSD position sensors circles, the inspection of each PSD position sensor parallel to primary reflection surface central axis
Survey zero-bit consistent in laboratory internal calibration in a pre-installation；
2）Line slideway 3 is installed at the central axis 6 of antenna, a ring laser 4, ring are installed on line slideway 3
4 direction of the launch of shape laser instrument is perpendicular to central axis 6, and can slide up and down along line slideway 3, so as to PSD whole with every circle
The target position of position sensor is accurately aligned, and ring laser 4 sends a circle laser 7 and forms one on sustained height circle panel
Individual light circle, light circle is contour along the central axial direction of antenna, and is imaged on corresponding PSD position sensors circle；
3）Control ring laser 4 is launched simultaneously with PSD position sensors 211 and collection signal；
4）According to ring laser 4 in the diverse location along central axial direction, the site error that has demarcated in advance, lead to
The theoretical face shape for crossing antenna is calculated, and obtains the imaging in 6 direction of vertical centre axis based on each ring laser 4 that has demarcated
Position；
5）The position of each PSD position sensors 211 is often enclosed in collection, is often enclosed on each PSD position sensors position
11 height error of panel；
6）211 positions of upper PSD position sensor and the absolutely accurate position of each corresponding ring laser 4 are all enclosed
It is compared, obtains 11 stitching error of panel of whole antenna.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2 the present embodiment is with the difference of upper example, support shaft 5 is provided with central axis 6, in support shaft 5
Six ring lasers 4 are provided with along short transverse, the corresponding PSD position sensors circle 21 of each ring laser 4.
On the primary reflection surface 1 that a large amount of panels 11 splice composition, all individual along central axis 6 on the position for needing measurement
PSD position sensor units 211 are placed on the parallel of altitude on direction, PSD position sensor units 211 is placed and is contained PSD, props up
Support mechanism and encapsulation, with highly consistent physical dimension and install locating interface, and in the indoor unified calibration zero crossing of experiment,
And in the fixed support shaft 5 of the fixed position parallel to primary reflection surface central axis, multiple fixable rings are accurately installed
Shape laser instrument 4, by the face shape formula of primary reflection surface, the height and position and ring laser that can calculate the PSD circles of position exists
Multiple installation sites on high accuracy fixing support rack, so as to along on 6 direction of central axis, by multiple accurate positionings
Ring laser is directed at whole circle PSD units, launches and measure while by ring laser 4 and PSD position sensors 211
Control logic, eliminates the impact of environmental background light, realizes the absolute calibration measurement on each PSD position and whole primary reflection surface
Absolute calibration is measured.
Such as Fig. 2, the Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration method of the present embodiment, step are as follows：
1）PSD position sensor units, PSD position sensings are installed on the monitoring position on each panel of primary reflection surface
Device photosurface forms some PSD position sensors circles, the inspection of each PSD position sensor parallel to primary reflection surface central axis
Survey zero-bit consistent in laboratory internal calibration in a pre-installation；
2）Support shaft 5 is installed at the central axis 6 of antenna, an annular is installed successively along short transverse in support shaft 5 and is swashed
Light device 4, each 4 direction of the launch of loop laser is perpendicular to central axis 6, and corresponds to a PSD position sensors circle 21.Each
Ring laser 4 sends a circle laser 7 and forms a light circle, center of the light circle along antenna on sustained height circle panel
Axis direction is contour, and is imaged on corresponding PSD position sensors circle；
3）Control ring laser 4 is launched simultaneously with PSD position sensors 211 and collection signal；
4）According to ring laser 4 in the diverse location along central axial direction, the site error that has demarcated in advance, lead to
The theoretical face shape for crossing antenna is calculated, and obtains the imaging in 6 direction of vertical centre axis based on each ring laser 4 that has demarcated
Position；
5）The position of each PSD position sensors 211 is often enclosed in collection, is often enclosed on each PSD position sensors position
11 height error of panel；
6）211 positions of upper PSD position sensor and the absolutely accurate position of each corresponding ring laser 4 are all enclosed
It is compared, obtains 11 stitching error of panel of whole antenna.
What the present invention was not elaborated belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration device, is characterized in that, the device by PSD position sensor arrays,
Support shaft, ring laser and control circuit composition, the PSD position sensors array is by some coaxial PSD position sensings
Device circle constitute, each PSD position sensors circle by some with multiple location points on central axis as the center of circle, photosurface just to and put down
Row is constituted in the PSD position sensor units of central axis；The support shaft is located on the central axis, and the support shaft sets
There is the ring laser, the Laser emission direction of the ring laser is perpendicular to central axis；The control circuit is used for
Control PSD position sensor units and ring laser carry out signals collecting and signal are processed.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the central axis is provided with the more than one annular and swashs
Light device, the quantity of the ring laser and position are corresponding with the PSD position sensors circle.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the support shaft be line slideway, the ring laser and
Line slideway slidable connection, the ring laser and driving means connection.
4. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the line slideway is provided with the setting ring laser position
The detent mechanism that puts.
5. a kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
1）PSD position sensors, PSD position sensor photosurfaces are installed on the monitoring position on each panel of primary reflection surface
Parallel to primary reflection surface central axis, some PSD position sensors circles are formed, the detection zero-bit of each PSD position sensor exists
Consistent in laboratory internal calibration before installing；
2）On the central axis of antenna install ring laser, the loop laser direction of the launch perpendicular to central axis, and along
The height of axis is accurately aligned with the target position of the whole PSD position sensors of every circle, and ring laser sends a circle laser and exists
A light circle is formed on sustained height circle panel, and light circle is contour along the central axial direction of antenna, and in corresponding PSD
It is imaged on position sensor circle；
3）Control ring laser is launched simultaneously with PSD position sensors and collection signal；
4）According to ring laser in the diverse location along central axial direction, the site error that has demarcated in advance, by day
The theoretical face shape of line is calculated, and obtains the image space in vertical centre axis direction based on each ring laser that has demarcated；
5）The position of each PSD position sensors is often enclosed in collection, and the panel often enclosed on each PSD position sensors position is high
Low error；
6）All enclosed the upper position of PSD position sensors and the absolutely accurate position of each corresponding ring laser is compared
Compared with the panel splicing error of the whole antenna of acquisition.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the step 2）In, if being provided with the central axis of antenna
Dry ring laser, a ring laser are corresponding with a PSD position sensor circle.
7. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the step 2）In, one is provided with the central axis of antenna
Individual ring laser, ring laser can be moved up and down along central axis, be accurately aligned with each PSD position sensors circle from coil to coil.
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| CN201410316070.8A CN104048620B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | A kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration apparatus and method |
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| CN201410316070.8A CN104048620B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | A kind of Radio Telescope Antenna face shape absolute calibration apparatus and method |
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| CN104048620B true CN104048620B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107036550A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-08-11 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Radio astronomical telescope Active Reflector edge sensor system and its detection method |
| CN107504918B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-09-13 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Radio telescope surface shape measurement method and device |
| CN109737886B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-02-09 | 重庆邮电大学 | Array photoelectric system for measuring deformation of reflecting surface connecting point of main antenna of radio telescope |
| CN111707212B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2022-03-29 | 江苏理工学院 | Line profile measuring method and device for automobile composite material molded part |
| CN110006339B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-08-10 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Antenna reflector composite material mold surface precision in-situ measurement method and system |
| CN110687372A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-14 | 广东省医疗器械质量监督检验所 | Device and method for adjusting position of radiation emission test antenna tower |
| CN110986817B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-03-09 | 北京交通大学 | Method for measuring initial linear shape of temporary component |
| CN111089535B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-05-28 | 上海交通大学 | Method and system for detecting deformation of antenna reflecting surface of radio telescope |
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| US3940858A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1976-03-02 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Method of measuring antenna reflector surface accuracy |
| CN101713639A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-05-26 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Four-point support of quadrilateral subpanel based universal detection method of radio telescope |
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