CN104038844A - Mobile live broadcast system based on MPEG-2 standard - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mobile live broadcast system based on MPEG-2 standard. The mobile live broadcast system comprises a mobile equipment end, a streaming media server and a player end, wherein the mobile equipment end comprises a video data collection sub-system which includes an H264 video compressing and encoding module, an MPEG-2 standard packaging module and a thread pool module; the thread pool module is connected with an RTSP signaling module and an RTP transmission module; the streaming media server comprises a live broadcast data forwarding module, an RTCP code rate control module, a video-on-demand module and an RTSP signaling module; the mobile live broadcast system also comprises an RTSP signaling server for sending an RTSP request open signaling or an RTSP request stop signaling. The mobile live broadcast system based on MPEG-2 standard improves the packaging mode and transmission mode of video streaming, can be applied to a mobile phone terminal to build a new signaling system to perform unified management, and thereby communication stability of every part of the system are ensured to be good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the net cast technical field in network direct broadcasting field, especially a kind of mobile live broadcast system.
Background technology
Along with popularizing of cable digital TV, the status of MPEG-2 system multiplexing technology highlights day by day, according to the quality difference of transmission medium, two kinds of multiplexed information streams in Moving Picture Experts Group-2, are defined: transport stream (TS:Transport Stream) and program stream (PS:Program Stream).TS stream is that with the difference of PS stream the pack arrangement of TS stream is regular length, and the pack arrangement of PS stream is variable-length.PS wraps because length changes, once lose the synchronizing information of a certain PS bag, receiver will enter desynchronizing state, thereby causes serious exposure event.And TS code stream is owing to having adopted the pack arrangement of regular length, in the time that transmission error code has destroyed the synchronizing information of a certain TS bag, receiver can be in fixing position probing synchronizing information in bag after it, thereby recovers synchronous, has avoided information dropout.Therefore, transmission error code comparatively severe at channel circumstance generally adopts TS code stream when higher, and channel circumstance better, transmission error code general PS code stream that adopts when lower, in addition the TS code stream that adopts regular length packet format also shows many advantages in sufficient flexibility is provided multichannel data is multiplexing, such as Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation, gradability, extensibility, anti-interference, receiver cost are cheap.
Summary of the invention
Serious in order to overcome the Network Packet Loss of existing flow medium live system, broadcasting speed is inaccurate, at Voice & Video time-division two-way sending and receiving, the audio frequency and video Voice & Video of simultaneously recording a video must separately be preserved into two files, synchronous and speed is inaccurate when broadcasting, to main flow player can not perfect support etc. deficiency, the invention provides a kind of video flowing package mode and transmission mode improved, and be applied to mobile phone terminal, set up a new signaling system and carry out unified management, ensure the good mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2 of various piece communication stability of system.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2, comprise mobile device end, streaming media server and player end, described mobile device end comprises video data acquiring subsystem, and described video data acquiring subsystem comprises H264 video compression coding module, Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module and thread pool module; In described H264 video compression coding module, call the api interface of IOS system layer, open camera function, collect original video data, carry out H264 coding to gathering each frame of coming, obtain ES elementary stream; In described Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module, based on the video compression coding of Moving Picture Experts Group-2, the ES stream of H.264 encoding out is packaged into PES stream, and PES stream adds auxiliary data composition TS code stream by the regular length of 188B again, then TS code stream is put in RTP cache pool; Described thread pool module is connected with RTSP signalling module, RTP transport module; In described RTSP signalling module, start a service of monitoring RTSP signaling, in described RTP transport module, when detecting that data in RTP cache pool are when empty, just from cache pool, read TS bit stream data, send RTP bag to streaming media server, until RTP cache pool mileage is according to being sky;
Described streaming media server comprises live data forwarding module, RTCP Rate Control module, video request program module and RTSP signalling module, in described live data forwarding module, all video datas is forwarded; In described RTCP Rate Control module, adopt RTCP Internet protocol, the packet that the packet that the live software collection of ios device is sent and streaming media server termination are subject to is added up and feeds back, in the time there is network congestion, with the code check of controlling and regulating the collection of the live software end of IOS to send; In described video request program module, the video file of the live software upload of IOS is preserved and met the playback anywhere or anytime of the live software of IOS.
Described mobile live broadcast system also comprises RTSP signal server, and for sending, signaling is opened in RTSP request or RTSP request stops signaling.
Further, in described thread pool module, in the time that ios device is reached the standard grade, can communicate by letter with RTSP signalling module, start a service of monitoring RTSP signaling, when receiving while opening signaling from the RTSP request of long-range RTSP signal server, send and open shooting collection message to H264 video compression coding module, carry out video acquisition, activate RTP transport module simultaneously, open up a RTP cache pool, the TS bit stream data producing for depositing Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module; When receiving while stopping signaling from the RTSP request of long-range RTSP signal server, send and closing shooting and gather message to H264 video compression coding module, stop video acquisition.
Further, described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises RTCP control module: and RTCP Rate Control module is set up another link, coordinate monitor network situation, the frame per second of carrying out real-time adjustment camera collection video according to different network conditions adapts to the variation of network to adjust the code check sending.
Described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises REGISTER module, in the time that software is opened, to server registration equipment, becomes an equipment of reaching the standard grade.
Described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises the local module of preserving, and in live, the TS flow data that camera collection is encoded out is preserved, and user can watch history video recording.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: adopt RTP/UDP transmission technology, thread pool administrative skill, streaming media distribution technology, RTSP agreement, Transmission Control Protocol and MPEG-2 video encoding standard technology, realize IOS mobile video acquisition software, streaming media server holds the triangular of video player to communicate by letter and transfer of data with PC.
TS bit stream has obtained good application in cable digital TV, also proved that TS code stream is used for the superiority of transmitting video data simultaneously, the present invention carries out transmitting video data by MPEG-2 technology being applied in mobile interconnected network environment, produce TS code stream at mobile device end by the method for soft coding, forward and carry out network direct broadcasting through streaming media server, equally also ensure TS code stream and superiority the same in cable digital TV.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly manifested in: effectively reduce Network Packet Loss, broadcasting speed is more accurate, synchronous and speed is good when broadcasting, and main flow player is realized to perfect support.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general frame framework of the mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2.
Fig. 2 is ios device data acquisition end modular design figure.
Fig. 3 is PES inclusion composition, wherein, and ES (Elementary Streams): source code flow; PES (Packetized Elementary Streams): the source code flow of grouping; Packet Start Code Prefix: bag start code prefix; Stream ID: stream ID; PES Packet Length: grouping code stream packet length; Optional PES Header: the optional head of grouping code stream; PES Packet Data Bytes: block code current load data byte; PES Scrambling Control: block code drains off and disturbs command character; PES Priority: block code flow priority; Data Alignment Indicator: data check mark; Copyright: version; Original Or Copy: whether be copy; 7Flags:7 mark; PES Header Data Length: grouping code stream header data length; Optional Fields: optional territory; 0xFF:0xFF byte of padding; PTS (Presentation Time Stamp): displaying time mark; DTS (Decoding Time Stamp): decode time mark; ESCR (Elementary Stream Clock Reference): source code flow reference clock; ES Rate: source code flow speed; DSM Trick Mode:DSM special-effect mode; Additional Copy Information: additional version information; PES CRC (Packetized Elementary Stream Cyclic Redundancy Check): grouping code stream cyclic redundancy check (CRC); PES Extension: grouping code stream expansion; Optional Fields: optional territory; 5Flags:5 mark; PES Private Data: grouping code stream private data; Packet Header Field: grouping header field; Program Packet Sequence Counter: program packet sequence counter; P-STD Buffer:P-STD buffer memory; PES Extension Field Length: grouping code stream extension field length; PES Extension Field Data: grouping code stream extension field data.
Fig. 4 is TS inclusion composition, wherein, and Header: head; Payload: load; Sync Byte: synchronous code; Transport Error Indicator: error of transmission mark; Payload Uint Start Indicator: load unit origin identification; Transport Priority: transmission priority; PID (Packet ID): packing ID; Transport Scrambling Control: transmission is disturbed and controlled; Adaptation Field Control: self adaptation territory is controlled; Continuity Counter: continuous counter; Adaptation Field: self adaptation territory; Adaptation Field Length: self adaptation length of field; Discontinuity Indicator: discontinuous mark; Random Access Indicator: arbitrary access mark; Elementary Stream Priority Indicator: source code flow priority tag; 5Flags:5 mark; Optional Fields: optional territory; Stuffing Bytes: byte of padding; PCR (Program Clock Reference): Program Clock Reference; OPCR (Original Program Clock Reference): original program reference clock; Splice Countdown: splicing countdown; Transport Private Data Length: transmission private data length; Transport Private Data: transmission private data; Adaptation Field Extenstion Length: self adaptation territory extension length; 3Flags:3 mark; Optional Fields: optional territory; LTW_valid flag (legal time window): legal time window mark; LTW offset (legal time window): legal time window offset; Piecewise Rate: segmentation rate; Splice Type: joint categories; DTS_next_au (decoding time stamp next access unit): the next access unit of decode time mark.
Fig. 5 is RTSP Signalling exchange figure, wherein, and REGISTER+MD5: the register command that summary is encrypted; 200OK: Receipt Validation success; OPTION: optional signaling; DESCRIBE: describe signaling; 401Unauthorized+nonce: carry the authority checking failed signaling of a random number, code name 401; DESCRIBE+username+response: carry user name and describe signaling through the response of random number encryption; 200OK+sdp: conversation description success signaling; SETUP+Transport: the session signaling of setting up of carrying port numbers; 100Try: attempt; 200OK+session+transport: session id and port information; PLAY+session: the signaling of playing on session id; 200OK+RTP Info:RTP transmission information; TS/RTP/UDP: wrap to transmit TS video flowing with RTP; TEARDOWN+session: the signaling of closing on session id.
Fig. 6 is ios device thread pool control chart
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 6, a kind of mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2, comprise mobile device end, streaming media server and player end, described mobile device end comprises video data acquiring subsystem, and described video data acquiring subsystem comprises H264 video compression coding module, Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module and thread pool module; In described H264 video compression coding module, call the api interface of IOS system layer, open camera function, collect original video data, carry out H264 coding to gathering each frame of coming, obtain ES elementary stream; In described Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module, based on the video compression coding of Moving Picture Experts Group-2, the ES stream of H.264 encoding out is packaged into PES stream, and PES stream adds auxiliary data composition TS code stream by the regular length of 188B again, then TS code stream is put in RTP cache pool; Described thread pool module is connected with RTSP signalling module, RTP transport module; In described RTSP signalling module, start a service of monitoring RTSP signaling, in described RTP transport module, when detecting that data in RTP cache pool are when empty, just from cache pool, read TS bit stream data, send RTP bag to streaming media server, until RTP cache pool mileage is according to being sky;
Described streaming media server comprises live data forwarding module, RTCP Rate Control module, video request program module and RTSP signalling module, in described live data forwarding module, all video datas is forwarded; In described RTCP Rate Control module, adopt RTCP Internet protocol, the packet that the packet that the live software collection of ios device is sent and streaming media server termination are subject to is added up and feeds back, in the time there is network congestion, with the code check of controlling and regulating the collection of the live software end of IOS to send; In described video request program module, the video file of the live software upload of IOS is preserved and met the playback anywhere or anytime of the live software of IOS.
Described mobile live broadcast system also comprises RTSP signal server, and for sending, signaling is opened in RTSP request or RTSP request stops signaling.
Further, in described thread pool module, in the time that ios device is reached the standard grade, can communicate by letter with RTSP signalling module, start a service of monitoring RTSP signaling, when receiving while opening signaling from the RTSP request of long-range RTSP signal server, send and open shooting collection message to H264 video compression coding module, carry out video acquisition, activate RTP transport module simultaneously, open up a RTP cache pool, the TS bit stream data producing for depositing Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module; When receiving while stopping signaling from the RTSP request of long-range RTSP signal server, send and closing shooting and gather message to H264 video compression coding module, stop video acquisition.
Further, described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises RTCP control module: and RTCP Rate Control module is set up another link, coordinate monitor network situation, the frame per second of carrying out real-time adjustment camera collection video according to different network conditions adapts to the variation of network to adjust the code check sending.
Described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises REGISTER module, in the time that software is opened, to server registration equipment, becomes an equipment of reaching the standard grade.
Described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises the local module of preserving, and in live, the TS flow data that camera collection is encoded out is preserved, and user can watch history video recording.
In the present embodiment, mobile live broadcast system basic procedure comprises that shooting, compressed encoding, video data format encapsulation, RTP encapsulation and the data of mobile device end live video send, and the preservation of local video recording data; Receiving terminal receives data, decapsulation, data storing, vision signal generation, mainly adopts the main flow player of the existing support in market RTSP agreement, can carry out secondary development expansion; Streaming media server is realized and according to the request of player, the video data of mobile device end being forwarded, and adopts RTCP control protocol to optimize the code check of mobile device end, and network bandwidth adaptive, experiences in the hope of best user; RTSP signal server is responsible for transmission, the forwarding of signaling control message in system, is the key component that system communication agreement realizes, and is responsible for again the management to each terminal in system simultaneously, completes the interactive sessions of transmitting terminal, receiving terminal and RTSP signal server.The design of this hardware and software platform had both facilitated the unified management to mobile device end and player end, can strengthen again the load capacity of entire system.The design framework of mobile live broadcast system as shown in Figure 1.
For mobile device end taking IOS mobile phone as example, video acquisition software need to utilize ffmpeg code database that raw image data is encoded into H264 frame of video and converts TS stream packets to, the Thread Pool Technology adopting reduces the degree of coupling between modules, modules can independently be programmed, and function module design block diagram as shown in Figure 2.Modular design is:
Camera: be mainly responsible for Real-time Collection initial data; Preview: the real-time pictures of mainly watching current collection to user; H.264 coding module: by camera collection to raw image data carry out H.264 compressed encoding, be convenient to transmit in network, reduce and send to code check in network; TS code stream package module: based on the video compression coding of Moving Picture Experts Group-2, the ES stream of H.264 encoding out is packaged into PES stream, PES stream adds auxiliary data composition TS code stream by the regular length of 188B again; RTP packing: packaged TS code stream is packaged into RTP bag, then packed RTP bag is sent to streaming media server, and add up sending successful RTP bag, feed back to RTCP control module; 3G/4G/WIFI module: select best network condition to send RTP bag.RTCP control module: the RTCP Rate Control module of this module meeting and Streaming Media is set up another link, coordinate monitor network situation, the frame per second of carrying out real-time adjustment camera collection video according to different network conditions adapts to the variation of network to adjust the code check sending, avoid network congestion and cause more serious packet loss phenomenon, improve user's viewing experience; REGISTER module: to server registration equipment, become an equipment of reaching the standard grade in the time that software is opened; The local module of preserving: equipment is in live, the TS flow data that camera collection is encoded out is preserved, for carrying out the video recording to history, user watches, mainly comprise two files, one is .M3U8 file, for the HLS technology of single rate adaption stream, has only used a kind of CIF code check in project, one is .ts file, the section media file of stored video data; WIFI uploads: when user is in the not good situation of network condition, user also can first carry out recording of video record, and be saved to this locality and treat to be uploaded to long-range HLS ordering server under WiFi network, realize other users program request video anywhere or anytime; Local HLS and local broadcasting: set up local HLS service, video file is reviewed in this locality.
Be packaged into TS code stream from H264 video requency frame data and need to, by the head of H264 video requency frame data parcel one deck PES, have just formed PES bag, the length of PES bag is unfixing conventionally, and next frame of video of ordinary circumstance generates a PES bag.In PES bag, can add PTS (Presentation Time Stamp) and DTS (Decoding Time Stamp) data, PES bag is enclosed system information according to Moving Picture Experts Group-2 and is become TS bag, and then forms complete TS code stream.It is a fixing codeword structure that the initial code of PES bag forms bag start code prefix by the start code prefix of wrapping and traffic identifier, and its value is 0x000001, carries out synchronous for transmitting-receiving two-end to PES bag.Traffic identifier has been set elementary stream type, and each ES code stream that encoder generates has all been assigned with unique distinguishing mark No. ID, according to this No. ID, can identify with multiplexing reaching the video ES stream on tens tunnels.As shown in Figure 3, wherein PTS and DTS are two main functional domain parameters, other flags can be according to different application scenarios and are different, PTS is used for notifying decoder when to show a decoded picture frame, and when DTS instruction decodes to the encoding code stream of the two field picture receiving.As shown in Figure 4, when PES is packaged into TS bag, PCR (Program Clock Reference) is as a very main index, indicating the instantaneous value of system clock itself to obtain time tag, recovering for the consistent system sequence clock STC of coding side (System Time Clock) for decoding end.PTS and DTS rely on just STC and could decode and show with normal speed in decoding end.PCR takies altogether 6Bytes in TS packet header, wherein reserved 6bits, and other 42bits significance bits are divided into again the PCR-Base of two parts: 33bits and the PCR-Ext of 9bits.PCR-Ease is the 90kHz pulse-triggered counter after 300 frequency divisions by 27MHz pulse, then counter status is sampled and obtained; PCR-Ext is by the direct flip-flop number of 27MHz pulse, then counter status is sampled and obtained.
Equipment calls REGISTER module in the time opening, and to RTSP signal server device registration, succeeds in registration and becomes online equipment, for the scheduling of RTSP signal server.The VLC player that utilization is increased income is as the test player of the support RTSP agreement of PC end, open network crossfire rtsp: // 192.168.1.167:8554/test, can send RTSP request crossfire signaling to RTSP signal server, in the time that receiving signaling, RTSP signal server verifies, successful go for and ask opening of device net cast function, if equipment accepts request, the equipment of telling need to send object IP and the port of RTP bag, the namely IP of streaming media server and receiving port, and return and ask successfully with RTP information to VLC player, like this by middle streaming media server, set up a video streaming link from equipment end to PC player.Basic RTSP signalling interactive process as shown in Figure 5.
With reference to Fig. 6, adopt thread pool carry out unified management RTSP signalling module, H264 video coding, TS bag encapsulation, RTP transport module and distribute RTP spatial cache to reduce the degree of coupling of modules, realize more flexibly, autgmentability is better.In the time that ios device REGISTER reaches the standard grade, the meeting of thread pool module and RTSP module communication, start a service of monitoring RTSP signaling, when receiving that while opening signaling from the RTSP request of long-range RTSP server, thread pool carries out resource distribution, and send and open shooting and gather message to H264 video compression coding module, carry out video acquisition, activate RTP transport module simultaneously, open up a RTP cache pool, the TS bit stream data producing for depositing Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module; When receiving while stopping signaling from the RTSP request of long-range RTSP server, send and closing shooting and gather message to H264 video compression coding module, stop video acquisition, carry out thread recovery; When data in RTP transport module detects RTP cache pool are not empty, just from cache pool, read TS bit stream data, send RTP bag to streaming media server, until RTP cache pool mileage is according to being sky, if receive the signaling that stops of RTSP, RTP thread is reclaimed, reclaim RTP buffer area simultaneously.
Claims (5)
1. the mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2, comprise mobile device end, streaming media server and player end, it is characterized in that: described mobile device end comprises video data acquiring subsystem, described video data acquiring subsystem comprises H264 video compression coding module, Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module and thread pool module; In described H264 video compression coding module, call the api interface of IOS system layer, open camera function, collect original video data, carry out H264 coding to gathering each frame of coming, obtain ES elementary stream; In described Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module, based on the video compression coding of Moving Picture Experts Group-2, the ES stream of H.264 encoding out is packaged into PES stream, and PES stream adds auxiliary data composition TS code stream by the regular length of 188B again, then TS code stream is put in RTP cache pool; Described thread pool module is connected with RTSP signalling module, RTP transport module; In described RTSP signalling module, start a service of monitoring RTSP signaling, in described RTP transport module, when detecting that data in RTP cache pool are when empty, just from cache pool, read TS bit stream data, send RTP bag to streaming media server, until RTP cache pool mileage is according to being sky;
Described streaming media server comprises live data forwarding module, RTCP Rate Control module, video request program module and RTSP signalling module, in described live data forwarding module, all video datas is forwarded; In described RTCP Rate Control module, adopt RTCP Internet protocol, the packet that the packet that the live software collection of ios device is sent and streaming media server termination are subject to is added up and feeds back, in the time there is network congestion, with the code check of controlling and regulating the collection of the live software end of IOS to send; In described video request program module, the video file of the live software upload of IOS is preserved and met the playback anywhere or anytime of the live software of IOS.
Described mobile live broadcast system also comprises RTSP signal server, and for sending, signaling is opened in RTSP request or RTSP request stops signaling.
2. the mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2 as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described thread pool module, in the time that ios device is reached the standard grade, can communicate by letter with RTSP signalling module, start a service of monitoring RTSP signaling, when receiving while opening signaling from the RTSP request of long-range RTSP signal server, send and open shooting collection message to H264 video compression coding module, carry out video acquisition, activate RTP transport module simultaneously, open up a RTP cache pool, the TS bit stream data producing for depositing Moving Picture Experts Group-2 package module; When receiving while stopping signaling from the RTSP request of long-range RTSP signal server, send and closing shooting and gather message to H264 video compression coding module, stop video acquisition.
3. the mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2 as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises RTCP control module: and RTCP Rate Control module is set up another link, coordinate monitor network situation, the frame per second of carrying out real-time adjustment camera collection video according to different network conditions adapts to the variation of network to adjust the code check sending.
4. the mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2 as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises REGISTER module, in the time that software is opened, to server registration equipment, becomes an equipment of reaching the standard grade.
5. the mobile live broadcast system based on Moving Picture Experts Group-2 as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described video data acquiring subsystem also comprises the local module of preserving, in live, the TS flow data that camera collection is encoded out is preserved, and user can watch history video recording.
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