CN104024570A - Horizontal well line-drive oil recovery process - Google Patents

Horizontal well line-drive oil recovery process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104024570A
CN104024570A CN201180076077.1A CN201180076077A CN104024570A CN 104024570 A CN104024570 A CN 104024570A CN 201180076077 A CN201180076077 A CN 201180076077A CN 104024570 A CN104024570 A CN 104024570A
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China
Prior art keywords
horizontal well
well
oil
reservoir
subsurface reservoir
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康拉德·阿亚斯
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Archon Technologies Ltd
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Archon Technologies Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2406—Steam assisted gravity drainage [SAGD]
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/243—Combustion in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
    • E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

An in situ combustion process entailing the simultaneous production of liquids and combustion gases that combines fluid drive, gravity phase segregation and gravity drainage to produce hydrocarbons from a subterranean oil-bearing formation, comprising initially injecting a gas through a horizontal well placed high in the formation and producing combustion gas and oil through parallel and laterally offset horizontal wells that are placed low in the formation, wherein the reservoir exploitation proceeds with sequential conversion of production wells to injection wells in a line-drive mode of operation. The process may also be employed without in situ combustion, using instead a gaseous solvent or steam injection.

Description

Horizontal well housing in row oil recovery process
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil exploitation process, more specifically, relate to usage level well from the method for subterranean hydrocarbon deposition recover petroleum.
Background technology
Oil recovery process based on steam be generally used for gathering heavy oil and pitch.For example, adopt SAGD (SAGD) and cycle steam injection gather heavy oil and cold pitch.When oil flows as natural oil or is rendered as while flowing by some original place pretreatment, also can use steam drive process.The significant drawback of steam course is the inefficiencies at earth's surface generating steam because loss the heats that produced by fuel in a large number and do not provide the heat of use at reservoir.Roger Butler receives > > (" Thermal Recovery of oil and Bitumen' in the thermal recovery of its < < oil and pitch) in a book the 415th, 416 pages, estimated at the thermal efficiency in each stage of Method In Steam Injection Process as follows: steam generator: 75-85%; Transfer to well: 75-95%; From well, flow to reservoir: 80-95% downwards; In reservoir, flow to condensation front: 25-75%.Be necessary by remaining on vapor (steam) temperature at injector and the reservoir that advances between condensation front, so that can carry out main energy transmission from the steam condensation on oil surface.In a word, before arriving oil meter face, can lose heat 50% or more fuel energy.Compare with steam injection, air Injection energy based on BTU in reservoir consumes low 2.6-4.4 doubly.Along with several other shortcomings have appearred in the oil recovery process based on steam: possibly cannot use natural gas igniting steam heating boiler, may lack fresh water, and the water that purification is produced is very high for being recycled to the cost of boiler.In a word, the oil recovery process thermal efficiency based on steam is low, cost is high and unfavorable to environment.
There are many well patterns to can be used for producing oil from subsurface reservoir.Some in these well patterns are used peupendicular hole or peupendicular hole are combined with horizontal well.Being exemplified as of mode process: reverse 7 well patterns of steam, solvent and the process based on burning having adopted, use peupendicular hole; Staggered horizontal well pattern that adopted, United States Patent (USP) 5,273,111 (only limiting to use the process of steam injection).
United States Patent (USP) 5,626,191 disclose repeated method, and the method is known as " horizontal segment note (toe-to-heel) " air Injection (THAI tM), thus, horizontal well is converted to subsequently air Injection well and by the adjacent horizontal well mobile oil of gathering, subsequently adjacent horizontal well is converted to air Injection well equally, and repeats this process assisting.
United States Patent (USP) 6,167,966 have adopted the injecting process that uses the combination of peupendicular hole and horizontal well.
United States Patent (USP) 4,598,770 (people such as Shu, 1986) disclose steam drive mode process, and wherein, the horizontal Injection Well replacing and horizontal production well are all placed in the lower of reservoir.Do not consider situ combustion process.
Joshi in Joshi, S.D., " adopt the oil boom of horizontal well gather summary (A Review of Thermal oil Recovery Using Horizontal wells) " at In Situ11 (2 & 3), discloses that interlock and horizontal Injection Well and oil recovery process producing well pattern, based on steam vertical movement used in 211-259 (1987).The emphasis of paying close attention to is when at reservoir top steam injection, very high to the thermal losses of cap rock.
United States Patent (USP) 5,273, has instructed for the mode process live oil of gathering at petroleum reservoir, based on steam 111 (people such as Brannan, 1993).The pattern of parallel offset horizontal well adopts steam injection device.The horizontal component of Injection Well is placed on the horizontal component of reservoir producing well, and the some place of the horizontal component of producing well between the substrate of reservoir and the mid point of reservoir pierces in reservoir.Steam injects continuously by upper Injection Well, meanwhile, by lower Injection Well, produces oil.Not mentioned situ combustion process.
United States Patent (USP) 5,803,171 people such as (, 1998) McCaffery have instructed the improvement to Brennan patent, and wherein, life cycle steam soak was realized the connection between Injection Well and producing well before injecting at application continuous steam.Not mentioned situ combustion process.
United States Patent (USP) 7,717, the 175 (people such as Chung, 2010) disclose utilize horizontal well pattern, the process based on solvent, wherein horizontal well is alternately placed in higher position and the lower of reservoir, and upper well is for the production of the oil of solvent dilution, goes into the well and injects for solvent.Oil causes with the counter-current flow of solvent oil-solvent that gravity causes.Well is provided with flow control device and realizes even injection and the production profile along wellhole.Flow control device has compensated the pressure drop along wellhole, and this pressure drop can cause the uneven distribution of fluid in wellhole and reduce reservoir sweep efficiency.Not mentioned situ combustion process.
WO/2009/090477 (Xiai and Mauduit, 2009) discloses a kind of situ combustion mode process, wherein, a series of peupendicular holes that complete at top is placed in specifically between the horizontal production well on reservoir bed.This being arranged in of claiming well can be used for Petroleum Production while there is aquifer.
U.S. Patent application 2010/0326656 (Menard, 2010) disclose and caused using horizontal Injection Well alternately and the steam mode process of horizontal production well, wherein, the area of isolation that creates fluid issuing and entrance along the wellhole separately of fluid issuing and entrance, involves to realize uniform reservoir.Wellhole alternately can replace between same vertical plane or the lower in reservoir and eminence, as United States Patent (USP) 5,803, described in 171.Hot vapour injects upper well (for example, steam).
Time and minimizing initial stage fund cost in the initial outlay return (that is, higher initial oil recovery, so that rate of return on investment is more direct) of raising the efficiency in varying degrees, shortening are the various aspects that can improve in said method.
Summary of the invention
Desirable oil recovery process for the oil of gathering from subsurface reservoir has high sweep efficiency, the infusion that uses free (cost free) and can infinitely utilize, without buying fuel, accurately in the place that needs heat, (at oil face) produces heat, and from reservoir, discharges heat in the situation that using reservoir heating.In addition, high oil productivity (starting stage of especially exploiting) is very crucial to the feasibility of oil recovery process and earning capacity.
The present invention-there are two advantages with respect to " staggered well " mode configuration for the horizontal well housing in row process of the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, " staggered well " mode configuration by inventor in design, private oil recovery method herein, and will below carry out more fully openly, wherein, in some aspects and in varying degrees, " staggered well " method itself is exactly the improvement with respect to above-mentioned art methods and structure in many aspects.
Particularly, to the comparable volume sweep area about hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir (stratum) and identical total cumulative recovery, as discussed herein, in the mode of testing, horizontal well housing in row of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as " HWLD ") process is shown, to provide than " staggered well " initial oil recovery that method is higher of discussing herein.Thereby, can be the oil company that bears high expenditure in subsurface reservoir in exploitation and realize the higher and return of initial outlay faster.This is very large advantage, because the investment in oily reservoir exploitation is very high, and the time that can realize investment repayment is for whether first invest very true and substantial consideration often in this item of the capital.
In addition, for comparable volume sweep area and almost identical total oil production, structure still less than " staggered well " in the mode of experiment, the well that horizontal well housing in row of the present invention needs to be shown, thereby, greatly reduce oil company and develop underground hydrocarbon containing formation and also give birth to petroliferous capital cost from underground hydrocarbon containing formation.
Therefore, pass through summary, in the summary embodiment of HWLD oil recovery process of the present invention, in the eminence of underground hydrocarbonaceous reservoir, bore the first horizontal well, and the medium such as gas is injected to reservoir via the perforation in the well bushing pipe in this first horizontal well.By being placed in the horizontal well of the second parallel laterally offset of the lower of reservoir, produce oil, water and gas simultaneously.When the oil productive rate of the second level (production) well is down under economic restriction, lower at reservoir bores laterally spaced from the second horizontal well, the 3rd parallel water horizontal well for the production of oil, simultaneously, the second horizontal well (initial producing well) is converted to Injection Well, and pass through equally this second horizontal well by this gas inject stratum, to allow, continue to provide oxidizing gas to combustion front, thereby allow combustion front to move on, thereby, permission continued heating oil before the combustion front advancing, oil is discharged downwards and is passed through the lower on stratum, the horizontal well that before the combustion front advancing, (or at least) bores is collected.Along reservoir linear substantially direction continue lower on stratum bore other levels, parallel, laterally spaced well and will " exhaust " successively producing well be converted to Injection Well with further from the step of remaining producing well recovery of oil so that conduct realizes ' the housing in row process ' of high reservoir sweep efficiency, on single direction, exploit reservoir.If infusion is gas, can be solvent gas so, such as CO 2or lighter hydrocarbons or its mixture, steam or oxidizing gas (such as oxygen), air or its mixture.Alternately, infusion can be any mixture of solvent, steam or oxidizing gas.Preferential embodiment utilizes steam injection thing as injected media, and most preferred embodiment utilizes oxidizing gas as injected media.
When utilizing oxidizing gas infusion and situ combustion, this process is by providing novelty and effective method from the subsurface formations recovery of hydrocarbons containing live oil, thus satisfied relatively low energy cost and the business demand of operation cost.
Distance and well length between the horizontal well process units of parallel and skew will depend on concrete reservoir attribute, and can fully optimize by competent reservoir engineer.The lateral spacing of horizontal well can be 25-200 rice, is preferably 50-150 rice, and most preferably is 75-125 rice.The length of net horizontal section can be 50-2000 rice, is preferably 200-1000 rice, and most preferably is 400-800 rice.
In even reservoir, using method of the present invention is favourable to high reservoir sweep efficiency, thereby infusion is transferred to each perforation in Injection Well bushing pipe equably, and forces fluid admission rate in each perforation in producing well bushing pipe to equate.Consider that horizontal well has ' toe ' in the end of horizontal segment conventionally, and there is ' heel ' at horizontal segment and vertical section junction, in improvement of the present invention, preferably horizontal well is placed like this, so that the toe of the heel of injection device (injection) well process units (production) well that open with lateral spacing, contiguous is relative, thereby " short circuit " of the gas between injector and production device is down to minimum.Otherwise, due to along with pumping under pressure infusion and flowing and conventionally can cause pressure drop along horizontal leg from heel to toe, so the maximal pressure force in Injection Well is positioned at heel, so can be short-circuited.On the contrary, because gas and oil are extracted out from heel conventionally, so the maximal pressure force in process units (production) well is positioned at toe.Therefore, the heel that preferably makes Injection Well is relative with the toe of adjacent producing well, so that force high pressure (being generally heating) gas to move larger distance by stratum to the low-pressure section of the toe of contiguous producing well.
Alternately, the two can place Injection Well and producing well, and heel separately and toe are in position arranged side by side mutually.So, in this case, preferably use internal pipeline at the toe injecting gas of Injection Well, thereby high-voltage power supply is moved to its toe from the heel of Injection Well.In this mode, high-voltage power supply is by the low pressure heel end relative, reservoir being positioned at producing well, thereby force gas to move longer distance by stratum, thereby more effectively discharge, be limited in the oil in stratum, so that gas moves subsequently and collect the area of low pressure of the heel by producing well.This configuration has advantages of the single probing pad of the same side that only needs to be positioned at reservoir, because the vertical component of Injection Well and producing well all will be positioned at the same side of reservoir.
Except adopting transposition (reversing) adjacent level well heel and toe separately or alternately using in Injection Well the configuration of internal pipeline, also can be by changing along the quantity of the perforation of the well bushing pipe in injection device well and size obtains or further strengthen gas along even conveying length, gas of Injection Well and along even collection producing well, oil, thus balance is along the pressure drop of well.The main bushing pipe that pressure drop correction perforated pipe can be placed in to injection device well is inner.This has advantages of the air-flow that utilizes in annular space with the even conveying of further assist gas.Alternately or additionally, similar methodology can be applied to producing well, to substantially collect more equably mobile oil along whole length of producing well, and contribute to prevent by injecting gas directly in " guiding (fingering) " producing well.
The external diameter of horizontal well liner section can be 4 inches to 12 inches, but is preferably 5-10 inch, and most preferably is 7-9 inch.Perforation in horizontal segment can be groove, coiling filter screen, be Facsrite tM.filter screen plug or the other technologies of the sand prevention grade of expectation are provided.
Facsrite tM.that Absolute Completion Technologies company is for wherein having the unregistered trade mark of the well bushing pipe of sand proof net.
The gas injecting can be any oxidizing gas, includes but not limited to air, oxygen or its mixture.
Expectation realizes along the equal gas inject rate of Injection Well and along the equal fluid production rate of horizontal production well, thereby obtains maximum reservoir sweep efficiency and gather uniformly.The highest gas inject rate will be subject to the restriction of the highest injection pressure, and will be subject to the impact of length, reservoir rock permeability, fluid saturation and other factors of horizontal well, must maintain the highest injection pressure lower than rock rupture pressure.
Use the numerical simulation device being used as example to be hereinafter conducive to confirm that design of the present invention is for operability and the feasibility of concrete reservoir, and can be implemented at an easy rate by the reservoir engineer of this area.
Therefore, more specifically, in the first broad aspect of method of the present invention, the method is that the method comprises the following steps about the method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir:
(i) bore the first horizontal well, the first horizontal well is arranged in the relative eminence of described reservoir;
(ii) bore the second horizontal well, the second horizontal well is arranged in the relative lower of described reservoir, and is aligned to and is arranged essentially parallel to the first horizontal well;
(iii) medium that comprises gas, steam or liquid is injected to described reservoir by the hole in described the first horizontal well;
(iv) from described the second horizontal well, extract and described subsurface reservoir, move down and flow into the oil in described the second horizontal well;
(v) bore the 3rd horizontal well, the 3rd horizontal well is positioned at the relative lower of described reservoir, and be arranged essentially parallel to described the first horizontal well and described the second horizontal well, yet laterally spaced with described the second horizontal well, and laterally spaced further with described the second horizontal well with described the first horizontal well ratio;
(vi) stop extracting hydro carbons from described the second horizontal well temporarily or for good and all, and continue the medium that comprises gas, steam or liquid to inject described the second horizontal well; And
(vii) from described the 3rd horizontal well, be extracted in and described subsurface reservoir, move down the oil entering in described the 3rd horizontal well.
In the second horizontal well, the 3rd horizontal well and the horizontal well that further bores subsequently, each is preferably coplanar each other, but not coplanar with described the first horizontal well, and laterally spaced each other.
" housing in row " of the present invention in order to use aspect, and permission involves the oil of effective volume from the hydrocarbonaceous reservoir of basic definite size, the method also comprises additional repeating step, carries out progressive " involving " allowing in substantial linear direction along described stratum, further comprising the steps of:
Lower at described reservoir bores additional water horizontal well in succession, and additional water horizontal well is arranged essentially parallel to the 3rd horizontal well, and substantially coplanar with the 3rd horizontal well, but opens with the 3rd horizontal well lateral spacing, and lateral spacing is opened each other; And
In succession the penultimate well of described additional water horizontal well is converted to for injecting the Injection Well of described gas, steam or liquid from producing well, to the oil in described reservoir is moved into downwards in last well of described additional water horizontal well from described reservoir.
In a preferred embodiment, first medium and second medium are same medium.In preferred embodiment, this medium is the gas that dissolves in oil.Alternately, this medium is gas, i.e. CO 2, light hydrocarbon or its mixture.
In another preferred embodiment, medium comprises oxidizing gas, air or its mixture, be used for carrying out situ combustion, and the method is also included in step (iii) following steps afterwards: in the region that approaches the first horizontal well, light the hydro carbons in reservoir, and pass through described the second horizontal well and/or by the 3rd horizontal well, from subsurface formations, extract oil and combustion by-products simultaneously or subsequently.Light hydro carbons and make combustion front from the shifted laterally on the direction of described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well of described the first horizontal well by described the second horizontal well and/or the step of extracting combustion by-products and oil by described the 3rd horizontal well, thereby heat the oil in described reservoir, and this oil is discharged downwards, thereby collect by described the second horizontal well and/or the 3rd horizontal well.
Therefore,, in the most preferred embodiment for HWLD method oil, of the present invention of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, the method comprises:
(i) bore the first horizontal well, the first horizontal well is arranged in the relative eminence of described reservoir, has a plurality of holes along described the first horizontal well;
(ii) bore the second horizontal well, the second horizontal well is arranged in the relative lower of described reservoir, and is aligned to and is arranged essentially parallel to described the first horizontal well;
(iii) oxidizing gas is injected to described the first horizontal well, and inject described reservoir by described perforation, for carrying out situ combustion at described reservoir;
(iv) in described reservoir, light hydro carbons;
(v) from described the second horizontal well, be extracted in and described subsurface reservoir, escape and enter the oil in described the second horizontal well downwards;
(vi) bore the 3rd horizontal well, the 3rd horizontal well is positioned at the relative lower of described reservoir, and be arranged essentially parallel to described the second horizontal well, but laterally spaced with described the second horizontal well, and laterally spaced further with described the second horizontal well with described the first horizontal well ratio;
(vii) stop producing hydro carbons from this second horizontal well temporarily or for good and all, and described the second well is converted to Injection Well;
(viii) to described the second horizontal well, inject described oxidizing gas; And
(ix) from described the 3rd horizontal well, be extracted in and described subsurface reservoir, escape and enter the oil in described the 3rd horizontal well downwards.
Wherein oxidizing gas is as injected media, be used for carrying out situ combustion, combustion ignition (, above-mentioned steps (iv)) can be by the known the whole bag of tricks of those skilled in the art be realized, such as, before injecting oxidizing gas, with fluid (such as steam), preheat nearly wellhole oil or inject spontaneously inflammable fluid (such as linseed oil).In this case, switching to air (100 ℃) before, with 16,667m 3the speed of/d is injected hot nitrogen (400 ℃), for time one month.Air need to not heat on earth's surface: air compresses heating by enforcement.
As mentioned above, in order to ensure the high-pressure side of injection device well not being positioned near the pressure minimum point of contiguous process units well (, heel), thereby cause gases at high pressure direct " short circuit " or " guiding " to the heel of producing well, in a preferred embodiment, by gas, the step (iii) that steam or liquid inject described the first horizontal well comprises described gas, steam or liquid inject the step of one end of described the first horizontal well, and the step that extracts oil from described the second horizontal well comprises the step that extracts described oil from one end of described the second horizontal well, one end of described the second horizontal well is arranged in reservoir, on the relative sidepiece of the sidepiece that is positioned at described one end of described the first horizontal well.This configuration allows this gas to inject more equably stratum.And reduce (and preferably avoiding) will be directly by gases at high pressure from injection device well to " guiding " (" short circuit ") producing well.
The method not only can be suitable for equally about the first well and the second well, but also is suitable for about the second well with respect to Mitsui etc.For example, layout about the second well with respect to Mitsui, the step that described gas, steam or liquid are injected to described the second horizontal well can comprise injects step described the second horizontal well, that be arranged in the sidepiece that reservoir is relative with the one end of collecting oil from described the 3rd horizontal well by described gas, steam or liquid.In other words, mutually contiguous well, immediate two ends can be positioned at described reservoir mutually on relative sidepiece.
Alternately, in the second well and Mitsui, the first end of each all can be positioned at the same sidepiece of reservoir.In this case, in order to reduce or to avoid " guiding " problem, the step that described gas, steam or liquid are injected to described the second horizontal well comprises injects described gas, steam or liquid the second end of described the second well by pipeline, this pipeline extends to the second end from the first end of described the second well substantially in described the second well inside.
Alternately, in described the second well and described Mitsui, the first end of each is all positioned in the situation of the same side of described reservoir, the step of described gas, steam or liquid being injected to described the second horizontal well can comprise the first end that described gas, steam or liquid is injected to described the second well, and from described Mitsui, extract oily step and comprise by pipeline and extract this oil from the second end of described Mitsui, described pipeline in described Mitsui inside from the above the first end of Mitsui substantially to the second end, extend.
Alternately, or in addition, for fear of or reduce gases at high pressure from Injection Well " guiding " to producing well, such as when described the second horizontal well during as producing well from the first horizontal injection device well " guiding " to the second well, in one embodiment, the first horizontal well has well bushing pipe, and wherein said a plurality of holes are arranged in described well bushing pipe, and the size in hole in the bushing pipe in described the first horizontal well or the quantity in hole increase to the second end gradually from the first end of described the first horizontal well.
Similarly, also can utilize hole dimension or the hole number that increases gradually hole along the well bushing pipe length of each in the second well, Mitsui or well subsequently.By this way, by the one end at well, than the other end, there is larger or more hole, pressure (and therefore, stream) can be more even in the length of well, or even make one end higher than the other end, and provide and be similar to the adjacent well of using gradual change in relative direction, can reduce or avoid direct " short circuit " of gas from Injection Well to adjacent producing well.On the contrary, thereby the cross flow gas by stratum is imported, gas is exposed to more to the oil that (is generally high temperature) in stratum, thereby increase the oil recovery from stratum.
Accompanying drawing explanation
One or more illustrative embodiments shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as the embodiment that the present invention is limited to these descriptions, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic perspective view of the underground hydrocarbonaceous reservoir of " staggered well " configuration, a plurality of horizontal production well that alternately separate that wherein " staggered well " configuration has a plurality of horizontal Injection Well of the eminence in reservoir and is positioned at the lower of reservoir;
Fig. 1 a shows the similar schematic perspective view of the underground hydrocarbonaceous reservoir of " staggered well " structure, and to be presented at the model using in the example 1 of computer simulation, this model produces the experimental results (line " B ") of Fig. 5;
Fig. 2 (i)-(iii) be the section A-A of Fig. 1 at the view at different time interval, show the variation of raw petroliferous staggered well method, the housing in row of oil recovery can be selectively used in this variation in the direction of arrow " Q ";
Fig. 3 shows the schematic perspective view of the underground hydrocarbonaceous reservoir of horizontal well housing in row of the present invention (" HWLD ") structure, the horizontal production well at a plurality of intervals that wherein reservoir has the first horizontal well of the eminence in reservoir and is positioned at the status of reservoir;
Fig. 4 a (i)-(iii) is the view of the section B-B of Fig. 3 in the continuous time interval, show use and be somebody's turn to do the petroliferous method of life of " horizontal well housing in row " structure, show for cause the method for the housing in row of oil recovery in direction " Q ";
Fig. 4 b (i)-(iii) is the view of the section B-B of Fig. 3 in the continuous time interval, show use and be somebody's turn to do petroliferous the improving one's methods of life of " horizontal well housing in row " structure, show for cause the method for the housing in row of oil recovery in direction " Q ";
Fig. 4 c (i)-(iv) is the view of the section B-B of Fig. 3 in the continuous time interval, show use and be somebody's turn to do the further variation of the petroliferous method of life of " horizontal well housing in row " structure, show for cause the step of the housing in row of oil recovery in direction " Q ";
Fig. 5 is with respect to the curve map of time, accumulation oil recovery, and the accumulation oil recovery (line of Fig. 5 " A ") that this curve map is used " horizontal well housing in row " the of the present invention method shown in Fig. 4 b (i)-(iii) to obtain the accumulation oil recovery (line of Fig. 5 " B ") of " staggered well " method of gathering shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and reservoir for having the horizontal well position shown in Figure 11 and structure compares.
Fig. 6 is the schematic perspective view of underground hydrocarbonaceous reservoir that is similar to " horizontal well housing in row " of the present invention structure of Fig. 3;
Fig. 7 be to Fig. 6 parallel, level contiguous but that separate is injected the view of the modification of (production) well mutually, show two this levels contiguous well mutually, wherein in another embodiment, pipeline is for toe (the being distally) end to horizontal Injection Well by the medium transport such as oxidizing gas.
Fig. 8 be to Fig. 6 parallel, level contiguous but that separate is injected the view of the modification of (production) well mutually, show two this levels contiguous well mutually, wherein in another embodiment, pipeline holds for the toe (being distally) from horizontal production well the oil of gathering.
Fig. 9 be Fig. 6 parallel, level contiguous but that separate is injected the view of the alternative modification of (production) well mutually, show two this levels contiguous well mutually, wherein towards each the hole of toe (being distally) end of this horizontal well, separate more closely and more;
Figure 10 be Fig. 6 parallel, level contiguous but that separate is injected the view of another alternative modification of (production) well mutually, show two this levels contiguous well mutually, wherein towards each the Kong Geng great of toe (being distally) end of this horizontal well;
Figure 11 is the schematic perspective view of the subterranean hydrocarbon that comprises the reservoir that is similar to Fig. 6, shows " horizontal well housing in row " structure of modification of the present invention, the experimental results of this structure generation Fig. 5 (line " A ").
Figure 12 be Figure 11 parallel, level contiguous but that separate is injected the view of the modification of (productions) well mutually, shows two this levels contiguous well mutually, the Kong Geng great wherein holding towards each toe (being distally) of this horizontal well; And
Figure 13 be Figure 11 parallel, level contiguous but that separate is injected the view of the modification of (production) well mutually, show two this levels contiguous well mutually, wherein more towards each the hole number of toe (being distally) end of this horizontal well and separate more closely.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 and Fig. 1 a show hydrocarbonaceous subsurface formations/reservoir 22 " staggered well ", exploitation (being designated hereinafter simply as " staggered well " configuration); " staggered well " configuration is not the part of claimed invention herein; but the theme of another application of present inventor, these other application is transferred the possession of jointly with the present invention.
In this " staggered well " configuration, each is had to the parallel, horizontal Injection Well 1,1 ' and 1 ' of length 6 ' with relation spaced apart from each other placement parallel to each other, the eminence of hydrocarbonaceous part 20 that is all positioned at the subsurface formations/reservoir 22 of thickness 4, is positioned at below ground surface 24.The meta that will there is the producing well 2,2 ' and 2 ' of opening horizontal interval similar length 6, parallel between ' be placed in respectively the lower of reservoir 22, Injection Well 1,1 ' and 1 ' separately ', thereby form horizontal gas Injection Well 1,1 ' and 1 ' as shown in 1a, that staggered and side direction is separated, parallel in Fig. 1 and that the replace well pattern array of ' and fluid production well 2,2 ' and 2 ' '.
Hydrocarbonaceous reservoir 22 shown in Fig. 1 has two and half Injection Wells 1,1 ' and 1 ' ' (peripheral injection well 1 and edge producing well 2 ' ', and each forms respectively well half), in this pattern, have 5 horizontal wells.As shown in Figure 1a, repeat the method shown in cubic graph 1 and need 15 horizontal wells.
The lateral spacing 5 of Injection Well 1,1 ' and 1 ' ' and producing well 2,2 ' and 2 ' ' is preferably consistent.
In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 1 a, with horizontal production well 2,2 ' and 2 ', the vertical section 8 of ' vertical section 9 compare, horizontal Injection Well 1,1 ' and 1 ' ' is in relative end.Injection Well 1,1 ' and 1 ' ' vertical section 8 wide by 6 from vertical section 9 offset well of producing well.As mentioned above, this is for injecting gas being entered to producing well 1,1 ' and 1 ' ' short circuit be down to minimum.Shown in pattern can be as required from face 3 and/or face 6 away from unlimited extension, to contain the concrete volume of petroleum reservoir 22.For example, for river bed deposit, this pattern can be extended through the width in riverbed.In the additional phase of reservoir 22 exploitations, can be close to the first array and place additional array, and by that analogy, finally exploit whole reservoir 22.
With reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 1, bore horizontal Injection Well 1 simultaneously, 1 ' and 1 ' ' and horizontal production well 2, 2 ' and 2 ' ', each well has the horizontal well of being positioned at 1, 1 ' and 1 ' ' and horizontal well 2, 2 ' and 2 ' ' the well liner section 30 in, well liner section 30 comprises hole 24, can be via injection device well 1, 1 ' and 1 ' ' by medium (such as oxidizing gas, air, independent oxygen or the oxygen of being combined with carbon dioxide or steam, independent steam, or as the thinner of hydrocarbon diluent or its combination) the 24 injection hydrocarbonaceous parts 20 from hole, and can allow petroleum streams to cross hydrocarbonaceous part 20, thereby in horizontal production well 2, 2 ' and 2 ' ' in, collect.In horizontal production well 2,2 ' and 2 ' ' in the situation that, this well bushing pipe 30 and hole wherein can take to slot liner, coiling filter screen, the filter screen plug of Facsritetm or the form of its combination reduces sand and other unwanted materials (such as well drilling detritus) flow into producing well 2,2 ' and 2 ' from stratum 22 '.
In " staggered well " configuration of Fig. 1, Fig. 1 a and Fig. 2, by medium (such as oxidizing gas, air, independent oxygen or the oxygen of being combined with carbon dioxide or steam, independent steam or as the thinner of hydrocarbon diluent or its combination) by horizontal Injection Well 1,1 ' and 1 ' ' injection stratum, hole 22, thereby make to cause the mobility of the oil in the oil-containing part 20 on stratum 22.This oil flows into downwards in stratum 22, and collects well 2,2 ' and 2 ' in level ' in collect.
In one embodiment, staggered well method can alternately be utilized housing in row configuration, and this method, shown in Fig. 2 (i)-(iii), has been implemented three phases in the method.In this point, Fig. 2 shows the A-A cross section of Fig. 1 at the continuous corresponding time interval (i), (ii) and view (iii), shows and uses this " staggered well " to be configured in the method that causes the housing in row of oil recovery in " Q " direction.Particularly, as shown in the first stage [Fig. 2 (i)], first bore Injection Well 1 and producing well 2 and 2 ', and start to produce from well 2 and 2 '.Then, at second stage [Fig. 2 (ii)], bore the 3rd Injection Well 1 ' ' and the 3rd production device 2 ' ', and with regard to these wells, start to inject and produce respectively.In the phase III, bore the 4th Injection Well 1 ' ' ' and the 4th producing well 2 ' ' ', stop from the production of producing well 2, and respectively at Injection Well 1 ' ' ' and producing well 2 ' ' ' in start injection and production.As shown in Figure 1a, this process can ad infinitum continue until arrive the end of reservoir 22.
Alternately, as mentioned above, this " staggered well " method can comprise simply bore some simultaneously injection device well (for example, three wells 1,1 ' and 1 ' ') and the process units well of respective numbers is (for example, three wells 2,2 ' and 2 ' '), to produce the well 1,1 ' and 1 ' shown in Fig. 1 ' and well 2,2 ' and 2 ' ' staggered well " pattern ".As shown in Figure 1a, can repeat this pattern if desired.The method is used in example (below discuss), for HWLD configuration and method are compared with the configuration of staggered well, wherein staggered well configuration as mentioned above employing bore 5 wells simultaneously.
Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. 4 a-4c show for the arrange/configuration of the alternative well of the oil of gathering from reservoir 22 (Fig. 3, Fig. 6) and method (Fig. 4 a-4c), be respectively horizontal well housing in row of the present invention (" HWLD ") configuration and method, thereby exploitation has thickness 4, width 6 and comprises the oil-containing part 20 of the reservoir 22 of a plurality of sections of 50a-50o, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6, from plane 7, start to place continuously each length 5, and to the right-hand development of the page.
In this HWLD configuration and method, the eminence along edge 7 in the oil-containing part 20 of reservoir 22 is bored the first horizontal Injection Well 1, and the lower in the oil-containing part 20 of reservoir 22 bores the second horizontal well 2, the second horizontal wells 2 and opens from the first Injection Well 1 lateral spacing.
Horizontal well 2 and 2 ' has at its heel 42 separately the vertical component 3 that extends to earth's surface 24.The edge of the oily swept volume of oil-containing part 20 in the first stage that the plane 7 separating with distance and plane 8 represent method of the present invention, reservoir 22.
In the embodiment of the HELD method shown in Figure 11, the position of the vertical section 3 of the first Injection Well 1 is from the vertical section 3 offset well length 6 of producing well 2 and 2 '.As mentioned above, this is to be down to minimum for injecting gas being entered to the short circuit of producing well.Shown this pattern can infinitely be extended away from face 7 and/or face 8 as required, to contain the concrete volume of oily reservoir 22.For example, for riverbed storage, this pattern can be extended through the width in riverbed.For example, in the additional phase of the exploitation of reservoir 22 as shown in Figure 6, bore additional well 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ' and 2 iv, additional well 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ' and 2 ivfrom the horizontal well 2 ' laterally offset of boring before, so that along the whole reservoir 22 of the final exploitation of its length.
Fig. 4 a-c (its each alternative sub (i) (ii) (iii) and (iv) in) in each figure with dash area, show after each sub in method of the present invention remaining Residual oil in oil-containing part 20.
In the first stage of method of the present invention [each first stage in the whole bag of tricks shown in Fig. 4 a (i), Fig. 4 b (i) and Fig. 4 c (i) is identical], by gas inject horizontal well 1, and produce oil by the second horizontal well 2.Second stage [shown in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 c being step (ii)] in method of the present invention, lower in the oil-containing part 20 of reservoir 22 bores the 3rd horizontal well 2 ', but the 3rd horizontal well 2 ' is parallel to horizontal well 2 opens from horizontal well 2 lateral spacings, and with than opening from the first well 1 lateral spacing from the farther distance of well 2, and implement Petroleum Production by well 2 '.When the oil productivity of the second horizontal well 2 is reduced to lower than economic restriction, stop producing from well 2, then by well 2 for gas inject, as shown in Fig. 4 a (ii), Fig. 4 b (ii) and Fig. 4 c (ii).In this phase process, can continue to carry out gas inject by well 1, or can as shown in the step of Fig. 4 a-c (ii), stop.
In a preferred embodiment, wherein, as shown in Figure 3, producing well 2,2 ' vertical end 3 the same side of reservoir 22 on, in this second stage process, the internal pipeline 40 that gas inject in the second horizontal well preferably extends to the distal end portion (toe) of well 2 ' by the proximal end from Mitsui 2 ' (heel) carries out, and as shown in Figure 7, at the distal end portion 44 of well 2 ', has open end.Alternately, as shown in Figure 8, if will only enter the proximal end 42 (there is no pipeline 40 in injection period Injection Well 2) of Injection Well 2 ' in gas inject the second well 2, so when this well 2 ' is during as producing well, can in adjacent Mitsui 2 ', be provided with internal pipeline 40 on the contrary, thereby from the toe 44 of this Mitsui 2 ', take out oil by this pipeline 40.As mentioned above, when use as shown in Figure 3 configuration time, in the alternative configuration of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, each is assisted to avoid by pressurization gas from Injection Well 2 direct " guiding " or " short circuit " to producing well 2 ', and wherein producing well 2,2 ' and 2 ' ' vertical component 3 in each on the same side of reservoir.As mentioned above, in this second stage, at the lower of reservoir, bore new parallel Mitsui 2 ' and for fluid production [with reference to Fig. 4 a (ii), Fig. 4 b (ii) and Fig. 4 c (ii)].', and with from well 2 ' and well 2 ' ' starts to produce in this second stage, as shown in Fig. 4 a (ii), can to bore the 4th horizontal well 2 '.Alternately, as Fig. 4 c (iii) with (iv), only can drilling well 2 ' in this phase process ', and in phase III (below discussing) process from well 2 ' ' produce.
In Fig. 4 a (iii), 4b (iii) and 4c (iii), each shows the slightly different phase III of method of the present invention.
For the embodiment of disclosed method in Fig. 4 b (iii), when the oil productivity of the Mitsui 2 ' producing in step (ii) drops to lower than predetermined restriction, again will in gas inject well 1, carry out the decline stage.Well 2 is converted back and is usingd as producing well operation, and well 2 and well 2 ' are temporarily used to extract all residual petroleums as producing well.
Then, can bore the 4th well 2 ' ', and repeat similar process, wherein, producing well before (well 2 ') is converted to Injection Well 2 ', and since the 4th well 2 ' ' produce, continue by well 1 injecting gas simultaneously.
Alternately, the phase III for shown in the step (iii) of Fig. 4 a, stop from well 1 injecting gas, and only by the well 2 ' that is converted to Injection Well from producing well as above by gas inject reservoir 22.The 4th well 2 ' ' as producing well, operate.
Alternately, as shown in Fig. 4 c (iii), can restart by gas inject well 1 to discharge all oil on well 2 and 2 ' completely, and bore the 4th new well 2 ' '.Then ' production exhausted or basic when exhausted, only well 2 ' is converted to Injection Well, and by well 2 ', gas is provided to this stratum subsequently, and from well 2 ' ' starts production, as shown in Fig. 4 c (iii), when from well 2 and 2 '.
As mentioned above, when well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ' and 2 ivvertical component 3 be all positioned at the same side of reservoir 22 rather than when the alternate sides of reservoir (with reference to Fig. 6), in order to reduce the gathering-device/producing well of mutual vicinity and " guiding " between mutual contiguous injection device well,, can adopt the above and the mode as shown in Fig. 7 or Fig. 8 to use pipeline.
As for reducing or avoiding injection device well and mutually contiguous producing well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ' and 2 iv" guiding " between (this well has vertical component 3 separately in the same side of reservoir 22 as shown in Figure 6) and short loop problem and for injecting more equably the alternative arrangements of an embodiment as shown in Fig. 9 as the gaseous medium of oxidizing gas, steam, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon diluent (with gaseous state or liquid form), it is large that the quantity in the hole 24 making in the length of horizontal well 2 can become gradually, similarly, the quantity in hole 24 in the length of mutually contiguous well 2 ' from described well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ', 2 ivdeng in each near-end 42 towards far-end, become gradually large.
Alternately, equally for example, for more equably along Injection Well (, 2 ') length is injected gaseous medium (such as oxidizing gas, steam, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon diluent (with gaseous state or liquid form)), and for the collection well along mutually contiguous (for example, 2 ' ' length) is collected oil more equably, in the embodiment shown in Figure 10, the size in hole 24 can be at each well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ', 2 ithat in the length of v etc., does gradually is larger, and similarly in the length of mutually contiguous well 2 ' from described well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ', 2 ivin each proximal end 42 towards distal end portion 44 area increased gradually.
On the contrary, as shown in figure 11, mutual contiguous well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ' and 2 ivdeng vertical component 3 can lay respectively at the opposite side of reservoir 22, thereby inject more equably gaseous medium (such as oxidizing gas, steam, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon diluent (with gaseous state or liquid form)), and collect oil by adjacent well.In order further or better to realize the collection of uniform air Injection and/or oil, wherein, use respectively adjacent well, from a well, inject air, and collect oil from another well, in another embodiment as shown in figure 12, the quantity in the hole 24 in each this well can be at each horizontal well (for example, well 2) in length, become gradually large, and similarly for example, in the length of mutually contiguous well (, well 2 ') from described well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ', 2 ivdeng in each proximal end 42 towards distal end portion 44, become gradually large.
Alternately, in the embodiment shown in Figure 13, the size in hole 24 can be at each well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ', 2 ivdeng length on do gradually larger, and similarly, that in the length of mutually contiguous well 2 ', does gradually is larger, from described well 2,2 ', 2 ' ', 2 ' ' ', 2 ivin each proximal end 42 towards distal end portion 44, increase gradually area, thereby realize and well 2,2 ', 2 ' separately ', 2 ' ' ', 2 ivin the identical result of more uniform pressure distribution in each length.
Example
In order to carry out the direct performance comparison of the HWLD process of the present invention shown in " staggered well " configuration shown in Fig. 1,1a and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 6 and Figure 11, microcomputer modelling and the analogue technique using as describe more fully herein.
Particularly, the STARS that uses the microcomputer modelling group (Computer Modelling Group) by Calgary city, Alberta, Canada to provide in December, 2010 tMthermal simulator use for each extensive computations machine numerical simulation in the staggered well pattern of the oily situ combustion process of the even reservoir of gathering and HWLD.The modeling reservoir using in example comprises high temperature (54.4 ℃) pitch with high rock permeability.
Well configuration (Fig. 1, Fig. 1 a and Fig. 2) and HWLD well at the staggered well of each modeling configure in (Figure 11, Fig. 4 b), and the oil-containing part 20 of reservoir 22 is developed in three phases.
Particularly, for the staggered well pattern of each shown in Fig. 1, the whole volume of Fig. 1 is exploited three times, and in three phases, each exploitation once.As shown in Figure 1a, this needs 15 horizontal wells altogether.
For HWLD process, its first stage is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 b, only exploited a part for total reservoir volume, but after carrying out two additional phase, the volume of finally having exploited the reservoir 22 identical with staggered well mode process (is 20m * 100m * (50m * 15 piece)=1,500,000m 3), but contrasting with 15 wells of well configuration shown in Fig. 1 a, staggered well, HWLD process only needs 7.5 horizontal wells altogether.
For the combustion simulation with air, used following reaction:
1.1.0Oil→0.42Upgrade(C 16H 34)+1.3375CH 4+29.6992Coke
2.1.0Oil+13.24896O 2→5.949792H 2O+6.0CH 4+9.5CO 2+0.5CO/N2+27.3423Coke
3.1.0Coke+1.2575O 2→0.565H 2O+0.95CO 2+0.05CO/N2
Table 1 has below been listed the reservoir attribute, oil attribute of modeling and for the well control system of each staggered well offset configuration and HWLD configuration:
Table 1
Reservoir attribute ? ?
Parameter Unit Value
Pay thickness m 20
Porosity ％ 30
Oil saturation ％ 80
Water saturation ％ 20
Gas molar fraction Mark 0.263
H. permeability mD 5000
V. permeability mD 3400
Reservoir temperature ℃ 54.4
Reservoir pressure kPa 3000
Rock compressed rate /kPa 3.5E-5
Conductivity J/m.d.C 1.5E+5
Rock fever capacity J/m 3-C 2.35E+6
Oil attribute ? ?
Density Kg/m 3 1009
Viscosity, heavy oil@20C. cP 77,000
Viscosity, original position cP 1139
Oil mean molecule quantity AMU 598
Upgrade mean molecule quantity AMU 224
Oil molar fraction Mark 0.737
Compression ratio /kPa 1.06E+3
Use following parameter control well ? ?
Maximum air Injection pressure kPa 7000
Horizontal well length m 100
Producing well BHP minimum value kPa 2600
Total air Injection rate Sm 3/d 50,000
The transmissibility of Petroleum Production well is carried out monotone variation to improve sweep efficiency along well from toe 1.0 to heel 0.943.
Example 1-staggered well configuration
For staggered well configuration, as shown in Figure 1, the oil-containing part 20 that comprises the reservoir 22 of the grid block 50a-50o shown in Figure 1A is divided into three equal parts, each part comprises five grid block 50a-50e, 50f-50j and 50k-50o.Each moiety three separately and the continuous stage exploit continuously, in 5 years consuming time of each stage, in the period that surpasses 15 years, use the well in Fig. 1.Total reservoir volume of exploiting in life-span the process of 15 years is 1,500,000m 3.
For the staggered well pattern shown in Fig. 1, the first of three part modelings has been used 2.5 Injection Wells 1,1 ' and 1 ' ' and 2.5 producing wells 2,2 ' and 2 ' ', all these wells bore simultaneously, altogether 5 wells.Reservoir thickness 4 is 20m, and for each grid block 50a-50o well, is offset as 50m.For well 1, air Injection rate is 10,000m 3/ d, and well 1 ' and well 1 ' ' in each air Injection rate be 20,000m 3/ d is 50,000m for total air Injection rate of this well pattern 3/ d.
For the microcomputer modelling of staggered well pattern, the first stage comprises grid block 50a-50e.The second pattern comprises identical pattern (grid block 50f-50j), is modeled as at another and exploits for 5 years.And the phase III comprises the pattern that exploit, that another is identical at last 5 years that is modeled as.The reservoir volume of every part is 500,000m 3, total oilfield exploitation volume of 15 years is 1,500,000m 3(i.e. 3 * 100m * 250m * 20m).Final oil recovery is 79% of this original oil in position.Result is summarised in table 2 and Fig. 5 illustrates.
The configuration of example 2-HWLD well
For the HWLD process of using computer simulation modeling, as shown in Figure 4 b, at first stage (Fig. 4 b (i)), horizontal Injection Well 1 is positioned at the eminence on stratum, and 2, two wells of horizontal well that are provided with the lower that is positioned at reservoir are all sidelong and are put along one of the oil-containing part 20 of reservoir 22.
In representing the HWLD process of method of the present invention and Fig. 4 b of configuration and Figure 11, each well length 6 is 100m, and reservoir thickness 4 is 20m, and well skew is 100m.The cumulative volume of the reservoir of therefore, producing in the exploitation cycle of 15 years is also 1,500,000m 3.
For each injection device, air Injection rate is 16,667m 3/ d, total injection rate of first stage is 50,000m 3/ d.
Second stage after 5 years [Fig. 4 b (ii)], the oily productivity ratio of each producing well is down to and is considered to uneconomic 3m 3/ d,, therefore carry out second stage [Fig. 4 b (ii)], that is, and as shown in Fig. 4 b (ii), by injecting 270 ℃ of steam two weeks to discharge well bore oil, then by well bore pipeline with 26,000m 3/ d injects air, thereby original producing well 2 is converted to air Injection well.Meanwhile, as shown in Figure 4 b, bore the second producing well 2 '.
After 5 years, start the last decline stage [Fig. 4 b (iii)], and with 7,333m 3/ d is by the original injection device well 1 of air Injection, and process units well 2 and 2 ' is all used as production simultaneously.Total oilfield exploitation volume of 15 years is 1,500,000 (that is, 3 * 100m * 250m * 20m).Final oil recovery is 79% of this original oil in position.
The advantage that compares and prove
Being summarised in shown in table 2 below of the comparative result of example 1 and example 2.
table 2
* do not belong to the claimed part of the present invention
Two kinds of significant and important differences of method show with grey.
Particularly, Fig. 5 shows each accumulation oil recovery in time in staggered well configuration (triangle line ' B ') and HWLD well configuration (square line ' A ').
With reference to table 2 and Fig. 5, even in uniform reservoir, for the production of the HWLD of live oil at least because the relatively staggered well process of following two reasons is favourable.
First, for identical compressed air volume, only need the horizontal well (7.5 wells are compared with 15 wells) of half quantity, and it is higher in fact in most of life-span of this process, to accumulate oil rate.
Secondly, compare with staggered well process, HWLD process initially has higher accumulation oil recovery, thereby makes initial outlay return higher.Specifically in this respect, as the Fig. 5 from herein, last in the first stage (5 years), accumulation oil (133,2748m 3) than initial accumulation oil (95, the 126m covering of staggered well method 3) exceed 40%.Last in second stage (10 years), is used accumulation oil recovery (125, the 646m of HWLD process 3) with the amount of gathering (95, the 126m that uses staggered well method mentioned above 3) compare and exceed 30%.Because HWLD process is housing in row process, reservoir fluid flows on single direction, and the reservoir having improved in the reservoir with lateral inhomogeneity involves.
The preferred embodiment that the scope of claim should not illustrate in aforementioned exemplary limits, and should be consistent with manual, provide as a whole the explanation of broad sense, and claim is not limited to preferred or exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (23)

1. for a method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, said method comprising the steps of:
(i) bore the first horizontal well, described the first horizontal well is arranged in the relative eminence of described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir;
(ii) bore the second horizontal well, described the second horizontal well is arranged in the relative lower of described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, and is aligned to and is arranged essentially parallel to described the first horizontal well;
(iii) by the hole in described the first horizontal well, the medium that comprises gas, steam or liquid is injected to described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir;
(iv) from described the second horizontal well, be extracted in and described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, move down and flow into the oil in described the second horizontal well;
(v) bore the 3rd horizontal well, described the 3rd horizontal well is positioned at the relative lower of described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, and be arranged essentially parallel to described the first horizontal well and described the second horizontal well, but open with described the first horizontal well and described the second horizontal well lateral spacing, wherein, laterally spaced further with described the second horizontal well with described the first horizontal well ratio;
(vi) temporarily or for good and all stop extracting hydro carbons from described the second horizontal well;
(vii) continue the second medium that comprises gas, steam or liquid to inject described the second horizontal well; And
(ix) from described the 3rd horizontal well, be extracted in and described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, move down the oil entering in described the 3rd horizontal well.
2. the method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, be used for by advancing in substantial linear direction along subsurface formations, thereby gather the oil of large volume from hydrocarbonaceous reservoir, described method comprises additional repeating step, described additional repeating step comprises:
Lower at described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir bores additional water horizontal well successively, described additional water horizontal well is arranged essentially parallel to described the 3rd horizontal well, and substantially coplanar with described the 3rd horizontal well, but described additional water horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well lateral spacing are opened, and described additional water horizontal well each other lateral spacing open; And
Successively the penultimate well of described additional water horizontal well is converted to for injecting the Injection Well of described gas, steam or liquid from producing well, thereby the oil in described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir is moved into downwards in last well of described additional water horizontal well from described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir.
3. the method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described first medium and described second medium are same media.
4. the method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described first medium comprises oxidizing gas, air or its mixture for carrying out situ combustion, described method is also included in step (iii) afterwards, in the region that approaches described the first horizontal well, light the hydro carbons in described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, and from described subsurface formations, extract the step of combustion by-products by described the second horizontal well and/or by described the 3rd horizontal well.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein said first medium and described second medium are the gas that dissolves in oil.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said gas is CO 2, light hydrocarbon or its mixture.
7. the method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 4, wherein light described hydro carbons and by described the second horizontal well and/or the step of extracting combustion by-products by described the 3rd horizontal well make combustion front in the direction of described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well from described the first horizontal well shifted laterally, thereby heat the oil in described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, and described oil is discharged downwards, thereby collect by described the second horizontal well and/or described the 3rd horizontal well.
8. the method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, the described step (iii) of wherein gas, steam or liquid being injected to described the first horizontal well comprises the step of described gas, steam or liquid being injected to one end of described the first horizontal well, and the step of extracting oil from described the second horizontal well comprises the step of extracting described oil from one end of described the second horizontal well, one end of described the second horizontal well be positioned on described reservoir, be positioned on the sidepiece that sidepiece on described reservoir is relative with one end of described the first horizontal well.
9. the method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, the described step (vi) of wherein described gas, steam or liquid being injected to described the second horizontal well comprises described gas, steam or the liquid end of injecting described the second horizontal well, wherein, the end of described the second horizontal well is positioned on the relative sidepiece in end on described reservoir, that collect described oil with described the 3rd horizontal well.
10. the method for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, the described step (vi) of wherein described gas, steam or liquid being injected to described the second horizontal well comprises the first end that described gas, steam or liquid is injected to described the second horizontal well, and the described first end of described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd first end horizontal well, that collect described oil are positioned at the same side of described reservoir.
11. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein said oil first end of each from described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well is collected, in described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well, the first end of each is positioned at the same side of described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, by described gas, the step (vi) that steam or liquid inject described the second horizontal well comprises described gas, steam or liquid inject the second end of described the second horizontal well by pipeline, wherein said pipeline substantially the second end from the first end of described the second horizontal well to described the second horizontal well extends.
12. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, the first end of each the same side in described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir in described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well, and by described gas, the step (vi) that steam or liquid inject described the second horizontal well comprises described gas, steam or liquid inject the first end of described the second horizontal well, and the step of extracting oil from described the 3rd horizontal well comprises by pipeline extracts described oil from the second end of described Mitsui, described pipeline extends to described second end of described the 3rd horizontal well substantially from the first end of described the 3rd horizontal well.
13. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, in described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well, each has distal end portion and proximal end, and the proximal end of the proximal end of described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well is positioned on the sidepiece that described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir is mutual relative.
14. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein said the first horizontal well has substantially a plurality of holes along its length, and the step that gas, steam or liquid inject described horizontal well is comprised described gas, steam or liquid are injected to described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir by the hole of described the first horizontal well.
15. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 14, wherein said the first horizontal well has well bushing pipe, described a plurality of hole is arranged in described well bushing pipe, the size in the hole in the bushing pipe in wherein said the first horizontal well or quantity the second end from the first end of described the first horizontal well to described the first horizontal well increases gradually, and described gas, steam or liquid is injected to the first end of described the first horizontal well.
16. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, in wherein said the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well, each has a plurality of holes therein, wherein, the size in described hole or the quantity in the described hole first end of each from described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well increases gradually to the second end.
17. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 10, wherein said the second horizontal well has a plurality of holes therein, and the size in wherein said hole or the quantity in the described hole first end of each from described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well increases gradually to the second end.
18. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 10, wherein said the 3rd horizontal well has a plurality of holes therein, and the size in wherein said hole or the quantity in described hole increase to its second end gradually from the first end of described the 3rd horizontal well.
19. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 10, in wherein said the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well, each has a plurality of holes therein, and the size in wherein said hole or the quantity in described hole the second end from the first end of described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well to described the second horizontal well and described the 3rd horizontal well increases gradually.
20. the method for claim 1, in step (v) or step (vi) afterwards, further comprising the steps of: when the oil recovery from described the second horizontal well has been down to the predetermined portions of maximum efficient rate, to stop described gas, steam or liquid to inject described the first horizontal well.
21. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein said the first horizontal well has substantially a plurality of holes along its length, thereby the step that gas, steam or liquid inject described horizontal well is comprised described gas, steam or liquid are injected to described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir by the hole of described the first Injection Well.
22. 1 kinds of housing in row methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, described housing in row method comprises the following steps:
(i) bore the first horizontal well, described the first horizontal well is arranged in the relative eminence of described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, and wherein has a plurality of holes;
(ii) bore the second horizontal well, described the second horizontal well is arranged in the relative lower of described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir and is arranged essentially parallel to described the first horizontal well;
(iii) oxidizing gas is injected to described the first Injection Well, and inject described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir by the hole in described the first Injection Well, for carrying out situ combustion at described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir;
(iv) in described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, light hydro carbons;
(v) from described the second horizontal well, be extracted in and described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, escape and enter the oil in described the second horizontal well downwards;
(vi) bore the 3rd horizontal well, described the 3rd horizontal well is positioned at the relative lower of described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, and be arranged essentially parallel to described the second horizontal well, but open with described the second horizontal well lateral spacing, and with described the first horizontal well than with described the second horizontal well further lateral spacing open;
(vii) temporarily or for good and all stop producing hydro carbons from described the second horizontal well, and described the second well is converted to Injection Well;
(viii) to described the second horizontal well, inject described oxidizing gas; And
(ix) from described the 3rd horizontal well, be extracted in and described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir, escape and enter the oil in described the 3rd horizontal well downwards.
(x) lower at described reservoir bores additional water horizontal well successively, described additional water horizontal well is arranged essentially parallel to described the 3rd horizontal well, and substantially coplanar with described the 3rd horizontal well, but open with described the 3rd horizontal well lateral spacing, and described additional water horizontal well each other lateral spacing open; And
(xi) successively the penultimate well of described additional water horizontal well is converted to for injecting the Injection Well of described gas, steam or liquid from producing well, thereby the oil in described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir is moved into downwards in last well of described additional water horizontal well from described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir.
23. methods for the oil of gathering from hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir as claimed in claim 22, the volume that wherein injects gas, steam or the liquid of described hydrocarbonaceous subsurface reservoir approximates from being positioned at the volume of the oil that the horizontal well of the lower of described reservoir gathers.
CN201180076077.1A 2011-11-25 2011-11-25 Horizontal well line-drive oil recovery process Pending CN104024570A (en)

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