CN104024568A - Apparatus and method for Oil sand exploitation - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for Oil sand exploitation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104024568A
CN104024568A CN201280065331.2A CN201280065331A CN104024568A CN 104024568 A CN104024568 A CN 104024568A CN 201280065331 A CN201280065331 A CN 201280065331A CN 104024568 A CN104024568 A CN 104024568A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
oil
steam
underground equipment
vapor generating
generating cavity
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Pending
Application number
CN201280065331.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
渠玉芝
陈奇
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Quantum Technologie Deutschland GmbH
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Quantum Technologie Deutschland GmbH
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Publication of CN104024568A publication Critical patent/CN104024568A/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2401Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity

Abstract

Oil sand exploitation is enhanced, by using a downhole apparatus comprising a casing (130) for housing a water conduit for receiving water via a water pipe, at least one steam generation chamber mounted to the peripheral surface of the casing and being in fluid communication with said water conduit and having at least one steam outlet, at least one electrical heater, being thermally connected to said steam generation chamber, if the downhole apparatus further comprises at least one crude oil conduit (125) for recovering crude oil, which has been mobilized by said steam.

Description

For equipment and the method for oil-sand exploitation
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus of the original place motion for carry out heavy oil or crude oil by steam injection.
Background technology
Comprise the grains of sand that are coated with tar also referred to as the oil-sand of sand asphalt, described tar is as petroleum crude oil, referred to as crude oil.Viscosity of crude in oil-sand higher and must be heated or dilution to flow.Can be by realize the in-situ extraction of oil-sand referred to as " SAGD " of SAGD.The steamed well that SAGD usage level is extended forms steam generation chamber so that the crude oil motion in oil-sand.The crude oil of motion comes down in torrents downwards and reclaims by the second horizontal-extending well, and described the second horizontal-extending well is so-called producing well, described in US2001/0278001A1.
Steam can be produced or be produced by the electric heater of being advised by United States Patent (USP) 4805698 in down-hole by facility on the ground.Supply feedwater by water supplying pipe line from ground.Electricity steam generator heating water is to produce steam.Steam is injected in sand and makes crude oil motion, and described crude oil is collected by adjacent producing well.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to improve original place oil-sand exploitation.
The scheme addressing this problem is provided by underground equipment and method for exploiting oil-sand oil storage portion described in corresponding independent claims.Dependent claims relates to further improvement of the present invention.
Underground equipment for oil-sand exploitation at least comprises: hold the shell of water pipe, described water pipe is for receiving water via water lines; With at least one vapor generating cavity, described vapor generating cavity is communicated with described water pipe fluid and has at least one steam (vapor) outlet.Described vapor generating cavity is thermally coupled to electric heater.Described underground equipment also comprises at least one crude oil pipeline, and described crude oil pipeline is for reclaiming the crude oil having moved by described steam.This underground equipment allows the steam injection for making crude oil motion to oil-sand and allows to reclaim crude oil by individual equipment, and thereby only needs single wellhole.
Described shell can preferably hold described at least one crude oil pipeline.Described shell can be for example or comprise that multitube deferent, wherein said at least one water pipe and described at least one crude oil pipeline are each in described multi-pipeline.This allows the Stability Design of described shell.
Described at least one vapor generating cavity is preferably supported by the outer surface of described shell.This location of vapor generating cavity allows the steam producing in described vapor generating cavity to be injected into simply in oil-sand.
Preferably, multiple, for example 5 or 9, at least two vapor generating cavity are arranged to the outer surface around described shell, limit the bundle of vapor generating cavity.Underground equipment can have one or more bundles.In one embodiment, there is a branch of vapor generating cavity.In another embodiment, be furnished with two or more bundles along the distal length of shell at diverse location place.A branch of or multi beam vapor generating cavity allow steam even injection and thereby can high-efficiency mining oil-sand.Because described a branch of or multi beam vapor generating cavity is arranged around described shell, thereby described a branch of or multi beam vapor generating cavity is also for keeping or the temperature of rising shell, and this contributes to (via the crude oil pipeline in shell) to remove crude oil from oil storage portion.
Each described vapor generating cavity preferably has the coated cabin around heater tube.This allows heating water efficiently on the one hand, and allows on the other hand to change simply electric cartridge heaters in the situation that of fault.Described heater tube preferably holds at least one electric heating tube for subsequent use.This allows regaining longer operating interval between underground equipment.
Described heater tube can be hollow and can there is the inside that comprises inorganic compound composition, and can be pure basic kind.The example of this composition is described in patent US 6132823, US 6911231, US 6916430, US 6811720 and application US2005/0056807, and its full content is by reference to being contained in this.This composition is as Heat Conduction Material or medium, so that at least almost ideal being uniformly distributed of the heat being provided by cartridge heater to be provided by heater tube.Described heater tube can be also rarefied, as described in above-mentioned bibliography.In a preferred embodiment, heater tube is evacuated and a certain amount of liquid inorganic compound, and the solution of for example at least one inorganic salts, is inserted in pipe.Subsequently, electric heater is energized.In aforesaid liquid inorganic compound example, solution evaporation and described at least one inorganic salts keep being coated on the inner surface of described electric heater and heater tube thus, by thermally coupled to electric heater and heater tube.Preferably, heater tube rotates or pivotable, simultaneously to heating element power supply, distributes preferably, and obtain more uniformly and apply thus to obtain solution in heater tube.The amount that is inserted into the solution in heater tube is preferably significantly less than the volume of pipe, 1/10 or 1/50 of for example little volume to heater tube.Preferred coating solution is disclosed in above-mentioned bibliography.The coating of heater tube preferably realized before heater tube is attached to underground equipment.
Described heater tube can be for example vapor generating cavity described in extend through axially.Thereby at least one section of heater tube extends vapor generating cavity and arrives in wellhole.Heater tube the thereby not only water in vapor generating cavity is heated into steam, but also to after injection in oil storage portion cooling steam or water again heat.Improve thus production efficiency.
At least comprise the following steps for the method for exploiting oil-sand oil storage portion: the vapor generating cavity at underground equipment produces steam; Described steam is injected in described oil-sand oil storage portion via steam (vapor) outlet so that the crude oil motion of described oil-sand oil storage portion.Reclaim at least a portion of the crude oil of motion by described underground equipment.Compared with SAGD, the method has reduced the minimum number for the wellhole of original place oil-sand exploitation, and thereby has reduced cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Below by exemplary approach, embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and do not limit general inventive concept.
Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram of oil-sand mining system.
Fig. 2 illustrates the phantom drawing of a part for underground equipment.
Fig. 3 illustrates that steam produces the part in chamber.
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of oil-sand mining system.
Detailed description of the invention
Oil-sand mining system 100 in Fig. 1 has for holding the earth station 110 of facility on the ground, and described ground facility is for example the control station 115 for monitoring and control oil-sand exploitation.Earth station 110 also can comprise power source, for example, provide power to producing well.Earth station 110 can comprise water source, and for example reservoir, for example, to provide water (fresh water) to producing well.Earth station 110 is depicted as land station, but also can be the drift station for oil-sand under production of water.
Oil-sand mining system 100 comprises the producing well 120 with the downhole hardware in wellhole of being inserted into 105.Described downhole hardware comprises the shell 130 of multi-pipeline shape, for example, for cable 230 (referring to Fig. 2), and to supply power to underground equipment, for example protector 165, and/or for driving the motor 153 of well head and well monitoring device 140, as shown in Figure 1.Pumpingh well 120 comprises steam generator 200, and this steam generator can be mounted to the outer surface of shell 130.Describe steam generator 200 in detail below with reference to Fig. 2 and 3.Steam generator 200 in this embodiment around the bottom of shell 130 or distal portion office are positioned at shell 130, is arranged in the first preferred vertical section in oil recovery hole 105.Steam generator 200 is preferably laterally expelled to steam in oil-sand, as shown in Figure 1.Steam makes the crude oil motion in oil-sand.
Producing well 120 is configured to collect oil, and producing well especially can be configured to collect the crude oil moving in oil-sand.For this reason, the shell 130 of producing well 120 comprises the one or more oil-ins 135 along its length, and this oil-in allows oil to penetrate in shell.In shell 130, be provided with at least one oil pipe 125.Oil pipe 125 from the bottom of shell 130 or distal portions extend on the ground and stand 110.Infiltrating the oil of shell 130 can for example enter oil pipe 125 via one in oil-in 135 at the far-end of oil pipe, and can be is for example pumped into ground and is supplied to production flow line 109 by the centrifugal pump 180 being preferably arranged in bottom or the distal portions of shell 130.Being delivered to, crude oil pump stood before 110 on the ground, and can be by eliminator 176 from crude oil Separation of Water.And, in the bottom of shell 130 or distal portions, there are cable clamp 195, breather valve 172, ball-and-seat 185, cable 175, rotary separator 176, protector 165, cable connector 162, motor 152 and well monitoring device 140.Also have some hole for water sprayings 145 and other oil-ins 135 in centre.Hole for water spraying 145 is preferably communicated with steam raising plant fluid, for example, be communicated with at least one fluid in generation cavity 375 (referring to Fig. 3) before, thereby allow steam injection in oil-sand so that crude oil motion.
Fig. 2 illustrates a part for the isometric view of the shell 130 of the steam generator 200 that comprises producing well 120.Steam generator 200 comprises a branch of heater block 300 (referring to Fig. 3).Heater block 300 is arranged in around the outer surface of shell 130.Shell 130 is tubuloses.Shell 130 has multiple cabins or the pipeline around interior week, it can be with used as water pipe 250 (for the water from earth station 110 to steam generator 200), oil pipe 125 (for infiltrating the oil of oil-in 135 of shell 130), or as raceway (for example, for the heat cylinder that electric power is offered to the parts (centrifugal pump 180, motor 152) of shell and be associated with steam generator 200).
Steam generator 200 comprises a branch of heater block 300 (referring to Fig. 3).The outer surface that heater block 300 is arranged in shell 130 around and be eachly for example connected to shell 130 by one or more portions of being welded to connect.In the case of hope makes to be associated with as the well of producing well 120 more than a branch of heater block, described bundle can be superimposed upon on another bundle along shell 130 is a branch of.Referring to Fig. 3, each heater block 300 comprises respectively heater tube 310 and vapor generating cavity 375.
Heater tube 310 towards front one (on) side sealed by conical cap 330, this conical cap can be soldered to heater tube 310.Heater tube 310 towards after a side can be sealed by end cap 340, its can be water-stop but releasable connection be for example threaded.Heater tube 310, conical cap 330 and end cap 340 defined volumes or chamber 335.
As shown in Figure 3, the chamber 335 of heater block 300 is divided into Part I and Part II by the lid 360 of for example, Heat Conduction Material such as metal material (steel).In one embodiment, the positive pole of electric cartridge heaters 350 and negative terminal are positioned at single end (near-end as shown in the figure) to be located, and this electric cartridge heaters is arranged in the Part I (near lid 340) in chamber 335.Lid 360 can be divided chamber 335 in the distance apart from first end, and to be enough to allowing cartridge heater 350 to be arranged in the Part I in chamber 335, and any additional volume that is used in Part I minimizes.As shown in Figure 3, in the time that cartridge heater 350 is arranged in the Part I in chamber 335, terminal 355 can extend in the volume of end cap 340.End cap 340 preferably includes transverse opening 365, and it is for example screw thread openings, connects for the electric power to terminal 355.The peripheral conduits that conductor dbus is crossed shell 130 is supplied in transverse opening 365.Electric current can be supplied to described conductor by the ground power source from earth station 110.
Each vapor generating cavity 375 is for example by cylindrical shell 320 and for example limit by the antetheca 380 and the rear wall 370 that are welded to connect.Antetheca 380 and rear wall 370 be each has opening, by this aperture arrangement heater tube 310.Heater tube 310 axially extends through vapor generating cavity 375.The connection of heater tube 310 and antetheca 380 and/or rear wall 370 can be welding.
Electric cartridge heaters 350 is thermally coupled to heater tube 310 and is for example electrically connected with power circuit by cable 230.Electric power (for example electric current) is preferably controlled by control station 115 and can be conducted via the transverse opening of transverse opening shape 365.In heater tube 310, be Heat Conduction Material, described in United States Patent (USP) 6132823,6911231,6916430,7220365 and U.S. Patent Publication No.2005/0056807.
The rear wall 370 of housing 320 comprises entrance 395, so that water source is connected to this entrance, water is provided to vapor generating cavity 375.Periphery conduit by the shell 130 that is communicated with entrance 395 fluids offers vapor generating cavity 375 by water from for example water source of earth station 110.For water is heated into steam, can supply power to electric cartridge heaters 350.Cartridge heater 350 thereby generation heat, be passed to vapor generating cavity 375 via heater tube 310.Steam is in the interior generation of vapor generating cavity 375 and be discharged in oil-sand by steam (vapor) outlet 390.In steam (vapor) outlet 390, can be provided with single fluid pressure valve.Can avoid thus entering vapor generating cavity 375 such as the external substance of the grains of sand and similar item.And steam can be pressurized.Due to heater tube 310 extend through vapor generating cavity, a part for the heat therefore being provided by electric cartridge heaters 350 is also directly passed to oil-sand.This heat has reduced the condensation of the steam of close producing well 120, and thereby allow Steam Heating producing well larger region around, and make thus crude oil move better.The crude oil of motion can be collected via oil-in 135 (referring to Fig. 1 and 2), separates, and be pumped in production flow line 109, as shown in Figure 1 by centrifugal pump 180 by rotary separator 176 with water.
Typically as described in above with reference to Fig. 1, one or more tube banks 200 of producing well 120 can for generation of with exhaust steam in oil savings department, enough mobility are provided to the oil-sand in the situation that crude oil in oil-sand, extracting by shell 130 and pumping pipeline 125, and for heating casing 130.Preferably, the temperature of steam that produces in vapor generating cavity 375 is monitored and/or control by controller 115.For example, offer and control the processing protocol of computer 115 and can comprise for receiving thermometric instruction from least one temperature pick up.Measure based on these, provide instruction to carry out by controller 115 with machine-readable form.Therefore, controller 115 is carried out described instruction to increase or to be reduced to the electric power output of one or more heating rods 350, for example, to realize the target temperature in scope f (250 DEG C to 280 DEG C).Should be understood that controller 115 can increase to the electric power of some cartridge heater 350 and be reduced to the electric power of other cartridge heaters 350 simultaneously.Controller 115 can alternatively or extraly be controlled, and increases or reduce to supply with the current to vapor generating cavity 375, to control thus vapor (steam) temperature.And controller 115 can be connected to the miscellaneous part in pump 180 and pumping line 125, and based on programmed instruction control pump and/or miscellaneous part, to obtain from the output of the hope of well.
Fig. 4 illustrates another embodiment of oil-sand mining system.In this embodiment, oil-sand mining system 400 comprises that described ground facility is for example controller 415, power supply and water source for holding the earth station 410 of facility on the ground.Similar with Fig. 1, standing on the ground 410 is depicted as land station, but also can be the drift station for oil-sand under production of water.System 400 comprises wellhole 405, and the producing well 420 with downhole hardware is inserted in described wellhole.In Fig. 1, vertically or substantially vertically whole length of fill-in well of producing well.In Fig. 4, producing well 420 extends through the wellhole 405 at the ground place of well vertically, but then laterally extends in well.In other respects, the structure of the structure of producing well 420 and system 400 and operation and producing well 120 with reference to described in Fig. 1-3 and system 100 and operate identical.Downhole hardware comprises shell 430, and this shell is to be for example configured to the multi-pipeline shell identical with shell 130 in Fig. 1, and a branch of or multi beam steam generator 500 is configured to steam generator 200 similar.Fig. 4 illustrates around the distal portions of shell 430 and arranges and coupled Dan Shu.The water that offers each vapor generating cavity of steam generator 500 changes into steam by heat, and described heat is by holding cartridge heater and offering vapor generating cavity as the heater tube of the Heat Conduction Material as described in reference to Fig. 1-3.Steam is assigned to oil-sand from the steam (vapor) outlet 490 of vapor generating cavity, so that the oil motion in oil-sand.The oil of motion infiltrates shell 430 by oil-in 435 and is pumped to the ground of well.
Reference numerals list
100 systems
105 wellholes
108 well heads
109 production flow lines
111 valves
110 earth stations
115 control stations
120 producing wells
125 oil pipes
130 flow strings
135 oil-ins
140 well monitoring devices
150 motors
162 cable connectors
165 protectors
170 rotary separators
172 breather valves
175 cables
176 rotary separators
180 centrifugal pumps
185 ball-and-seats
190 breather valves
195 cable clamps
200 tube banks/steam generator
230 cables
250 water pipes
300 heater blocks
310 heater tubes
320 housings
330 conical cap
335 chambeies
340 end caps
350 electric cartridge heaters
The end cap of 360 cartridge heater
365 transverse openings
370 rear walls (facing down)
375 vapor generating cavity
380 antethecas (face is gone up mutually)
390 steam (vapor) outlets
395 water inlets
400 systems
405 wellholes
410 stand on the ground
415 controllers
420 producing wells
430 shells
435 oil-ins
490 steam (vapor) outlets
500 vapor generating cavity

Claims (10)

1. for the underground equipment of oil-sand exploitation, it at least comprises:
-for holding the shell (130) of water pipe (250), described water pipe is for receiving water via water lines;
-at least one vapor generating cavity (375), described vapor generating cavity is communicated with described water pipe (250) fluid and has at least one steam (vapor) outlet (390);
-at least one electric heater (350), it is thermally coupled to described vapor generating cavity (375),
It is characterized in that,
Described underground equipment also comprises at least one crude oil pipeline (135), and described crude oil pipeline is for reclaiming the crude oil having moved by described steam.
2. underground equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described shell (130) holds described at least one crude oil pipeline (135).
3. according to the underground equipment described in any one in the claims, it is characterized in that, described shell (130) is multitube deferent, and wherein said at least one water pipe (250) and described at least one crude oil pipeline (125) are each in described multi-pipeline.
4. according to the underground equipment described in any one in the claims, it is characterized in that, described at least one vapor generating cavity (375) is supported by the outer surface of described shell (130).
5. according to the underground equipment described in any one in the claims, it is characterized in that, at least two vapor generating cavity (375) are arranged to the bundle of arranging around the outer surface of described shell (130).
6. according to the underground equipment described in any one in the claims, it is characterized in that:
-described vapor generating cavity (130) has around the coated cabin of heater tube (310);
-described heater tube (310) holds at least one electric heating tube (350).
7. underground equipment according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described heater tube (310) be hollow and there is inner surface, this inner surface is coated with inorganic salts.
8. underground equipment according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described heater tube (310) is rarefied.
9. according to the underground equipment described in any one in claim 6 to 8, it is characterized in that, described heater tube (310) is vapor generating cavity (375) described in extend through axially.
10. for exploiting a method for oil-sand oil storage portion, it at least comprises the following steps:
-generation steam in the vapor generating cavity (375) of underground equipment;
-described steam is injected in described oil-sand oil storage portion via steam (vapor) outlet (390) so that the crude oil motion of described oil-sand oil storage portion,
It is characterized in that,
Reclaim at least a portion of the crude oil of motion by described underground equipment.
CN201280065331.2A 2012-01-03 2012-06-15 Apparatus and method for Oil sand exploitation Pending CN104024568A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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EP12150055.7A EP2612983B1 (en) 2012-01-03 2012-01-03 Apparatus and method for oil sand exploitation
EP12150055.7 2012-01-03
PCT/EP2012/061503 WO2013102501A1 (en) 2012-01-03 2012-06-15 Apparatus and method for oil sand exploitation

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US (1) US20130168093A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2612983B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5695282B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20140109477A (en)
CN (1) CN104024568A (en)
CA (1) CA2857587A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2482668T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2014131934A (en)
WO (1) WO2013102501A1 (en)

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ES2482668T3 (en) 2014-08-04
JP5695282B2 (en) 2015-04-01
EP2612983A1 (en) 2013-07-10
RU2014131934A (en) 2016-02-27
US20130168093A1 (en) 2013-07-04
WO2013102501A1 (en) 2013-07-11
JP2015503690A (en) 2015-02-02
KR20140109477A (en) 2014-09-15
EP2612983B1 (en) 2014-05-21
CA2857587A1 (en) 2013-07-11

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Application publication date: 20140903