CN104021040A - Cloud computing associated task scheduling method and device based on time constraint - Google Patents
Cloud computing associated task scheduling method and device based on time constraint Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cloud computing associated task scheduling method and device based on time constraint. The method comprises the steps that firstly, the associated relation between tasks in an associated task set is expressed by building a DAG; the thought of layering the DAG is adopted to enable unassociated tasks in the same layer to be fallen into the same task set; hardware resources are virtualized, and a virtual machine cluster is built so as to provide task execution places; finally, the layering scheduling method based on the time constraint is adopted to schedule the tasks in the task set in each layer to the most appropriate virtual machine to be executed so as to ensure that the tasks are completed on schedule. According to the technical scheme, the problem that execution of the cloud computing associated tasks is delayed in the scheduling process in the prior art is effectively solved, the delay phenomena of the tasks can be reduced to the maximum, it is ensured that the tasks are completed within the time expected by a user, and meanwhile virtual machine resources are effectively utilized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cloud computing associated task dispatching method and device, be specifically related to a kind of cloud computing associated task dispatching method and device based under time constraint condition.
Background technology
Cloud computing technology is emphasis and the Disciplinary Frontiers of the outer computer technology research of Present Domestic, cloud computing offers user by dynamic telescopic virtual resources in the mode of service, can effectively reduce user's hardware spending, and obtain high-quality service with lower cost.
The cloud computing that develops into of Intel Virtualization Technology provides good solution, by hardware resource is virtual, form multiple independently cluster virtual machines, user uses virtual machine by the mode of application, can effectively save the expense of hardware resource, improve effective utilization of resource and saved the cost of management.The Main Function of cloud computing task scheduling is exactly that the task application that user is submitted to is distributed to virtual machine by certain method, being submitted to by virtual machine completing user of task.
In submitting to user of task, some task is not single independent task, but there is the associated task of execution order precedence relationship, these associated tasks can not be assigned to virtual machine in the process of carrying out task scheduling simultaneously, need to wait for after own predecessor task completes just can be scheduled, in the process of this associated task scheduling, once delay appears in the execution of certain task, will affect the execution of subsequent tasks, thereby affect the deadline of whole associated task group.Current existing associated task dispatching method just considers a problem from the communications cost between minimizing task mostly, and does not have too many solution for the situation that goes out current task delay.
In the time that user has submitted one group of associated task to, in the time how the delay situation generation guarantee task of maximized minimizing task can be expected user, complete, finding more Parallel Task Scheduling to suitable virtual machine becomes matter of utmost importance to be solved by this invention with the effective utilization that reaches resource.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is for solve associated task in scheduling process, go out current task postpone in the situation that, in task scheduling process, because each task is to be mutually related on execution order, all tasks have forerunner or subsequent tasks, in the time that certain task occurs postponing in the process of implementation, the execution of subsequent tasks must be affected.How maximizing this impact of elimination and resources of virtual machine is utilized effectively is major issue to be solved by this invention.
Technical scheme: a kind of cloud computing associated task dispatching method based under time constraint condition, comprises the following steps:
(1) all tasks in associated task group are set up to DAG figure (without loop digraph) according to the precedence of its execution;
(2) according to the DAG figure having built in described step (1), all tasks being divided into different task-set by level, is every layer of task-set limiting time constraint;
(3) hardware resource is virtual, build cluster virtual machine;
(4) according to the time-constrain situation of every layer of task-set by task scheduling to corresponding virtual machine in cluster virtual machine.
In associated task of the present invention, the relevance between task is embodied on the execution order of task, and each task has its forerunner or subsequent tasks, only has in the time that the direct precursor task of each task completes, and its subsequent tasks could start to carry out.The detailed process of setting up DAG figure in described step (1) is:
(1.1) definition G={T, Λ, C} is the tlv triple of describing associated task group, wherein, T is set of tasks all in associated task figure, Λ is the set of the execution order between task, C be communication overhead between task set (each task carry out before required data be known, communication overhead refers to volume of transmitted data between task and the ratio of grid bandwidth), when two tasks with direct correlation relation are assigned to while carrying out on same virtual machine, between task, do not need to carry out data transmission, therefore its communication overhead is 0, in the time that two tasks with direct correlation relation are assigned to different virtual machines and carry out, its communication overhead can be calculated by following formula:
Wherein data_transmission represents the volume of transmitted data between task, and BW refers to grid bandwidth.
(1.2) show that according to the execution order between task in set Λ the DAG of associated task group schemes.
In described step (2), associated task group is mainly to adopt the thought of DAG figure layering by level division, the extremely different task-set of task division of same layer will be in, the different task collection of same level is considered to dereferenced, can be dispatched in virtual machine and carry out simultaneously.The detailed process that task-set is divided is:
(2.1) according to the order from entrance task to export task by described DAG figure layering;
(2.2) task in described DAG figure is divided in the set of tasks of equivalent layer according to its corresponding level;
(2.3) the associated task group deadline of user being expected is as total time-constrain of associated task scheduling, and the ratio that accounts for general assignment number according to number of tasks in every layer of task-set calculates the time-constrain of every layer of set of tasks.
In described step (3), the structure of cluster virtual machine is mainly to form cluster virtual machine at many multiple virtual machines of physical server deploy.The integrated required operating system of finishing the work in virtual machine, application software and data, adopt hardware virtualization method can effectively improve physical resource utilization factor, and the concrete steps that cluster virtual machine builds are as follows:
(3.1) by virtual physical resource (memory source, Internet resources, storage resources, cpu resource) and build many virtual machines;
(3.2) in virtual machine, dispose user task and carry out the required data of needed operating system, application program and tasks carrying;
(3.3) virtual machine building is added in cluster virtual machine to the wait task execution that is scheduled.
Task scheduling in described step (4) is based under time constraint condition, be user to the free constraint of completing of one group of associated task, all tasks must ensure to be scheduled on suitable virtual machine as far as possible to be carried out and task can complete on time.The idiographic flow of task scheduling is:
(4.1) receive one deck task-set according to the associated task group of having divided task-set in described step (2) by level, the task in task-set is dispensed to idle virtual machines different in cluster virtual machine, go to step (4.2);
(4.2) judge whether the task in received task-set is all finished, and continues wait task be finished if do not complete, otherwise go to step (4.3);
(4.3) total deadline of the calculating all tasks in task-set that receive, judge whether to be less than the confinement time of this layer of task, if the actual deadline is less than confinement time, goes to step (4.1), otherwise go to step (4.4);
(4.4) task in lower one deck task-set is dispensed in the virtual machine identical with its predecessor task, goes to step (4.2).
In the process of task scheduling, the task of being in every one deck task-set can be dispatched to virtual machine simultaneously, each task is assigned to as far as possible different virtual machines and carries out, although to sacrifice the communication overhead of task as cost, can effectively avoid multiple tasks to be assigned to the effect that identical virtual machine causes task to wait for.If this layer of confinement time that is greater than task T.T. that task completes after the task of every one deck completes, under scheduling when one deck task, task in this layer of set of tasks is dispensed to the identical virtual machine of its direct precursor task, does like this and can effectively avoid because forerunner and subsequent tasks are because of the call duration time between being dispensed to different virtual machines and producing of task.The delay producing to make up front one deck task by this kind of method.
A cloud computing associated task dispatching device based under time constraint condition, comprising: task image construction unit, task layering unit, Virtual Machine Manager unit and task scheduling unit;
Wherein task image construction unit is used for receiving associated task group, and all tasks are set up to DAG figure according to the precedence of tasks carrying;
Task layering unit is connected with task image construction unit, comprise task-set division unit and time-constrain computing unit, described task-set division unit is divided into different task-set by task according to level for the DAG figure having built according to task construction unit, and described time-constrain computing unit is assigned to the time-constrain of associated task group the time-constrain of concrete each layer;
The implementation status of task on virtual machine, for managing virtual machines cluster, can be monitored in Virtual Machine Manager unit;
Task scheduling unit is connected with Virtual Machine Manager unit with task layering unit respectively, for the task-set of having divided by layer of task layering unit is dispensed to the suitable virtual machine of Virtual Machine Manager Single Component Management according to time-constrain situation.
Described task scheduling unit comprises task-set receiving element, task-set allocation units, task-set execution monitoring unit and task-set time calculating unit;
Described task-set receiving element receives the time-constrain of pending task-set and task-set from described task layering unit; The task in task-set is dispensed to virtual machine by described task-set allocation units, task-set is carried out monitoring unit monitor task implementation status, the time that the concentrated all tasks of task-set time calculating unit calculation task complete also compares with the confinement time of task-set, and task-set allocation units are determined the distribution condition of lower one deck task-set according to comparative result.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, there is following beneficial effect: the method that the present invention builds DAG figure by use represents the incidence relation between task in associated task group, adopt the thought of DAG figure layering simultaneously, dereferenced task division in same layer is entered to same set of tasks, set up cluster virtual machine so that the place of tasks carrying to be provided, in the process of task scheduling, adopt point layer scheduling method based on time-constrain, task scheduling in every one deck is carried out to most suitable virtual machine, efficiently solve prior art medium cloud compute associations task and in scheduling process, occur carrying out the problem postponing, the delay situation of maximized minimizing task occurs, in the time that guarantee task can be expected user, complete, and realize effective utilization of resources of virtual machine.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall framework figure of the inventive method embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the DAG figure of the associated task group in the inventive method embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the associated task component layers scheduling in the inventive method embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further elaborated.
The invention provides a kind of cloud computing associated task dispatching method embodiment based under time constraint condition, Fig. 1 is the overall framework figure of the present embodiment, for the one group of associated task group being formed by n cloud computing associated task, wherein each task has its forerunner or subsequent tasks, only have subsequent tasks in the time that predecessor task completes could start the execution that is scheduled, the associated task group deadline that user expects is D, and the key step of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
(A) associated task group enters DAG figure and builds module, and DAG figure builds module and builds DAG figure according to the execution order of task;
(B) the DAG figure having built enters associated task hierarchical block, and task division is entered in the set of tasks of different levels;
(C) cpu resource, memory source, Internet resources and the storage resources that extract in resource pool generate multiple virtual machines, composition cluster virtual machine;
(D) task scheduling modules will be dispensed to the virtual machine in cluster in the task of identical level according to certain scheduling strategy.
Wherein the concrete steps of step (A) are:
(A1) definition G={T, Λ, C} is the tlv triple of describing associated task group, wherein, T is set of tasks T={t all in associated task figure
1, t
2..., t
n, Λ is task (t
i, t
j) between the set of execution order, t
ifor t
jdirect precursor task, t
jfor t
iimmediate successor task, C={c
1, c
2..., c
lit is the set of communication overhead between task.Between task, communication overhead is larger, longer for transmitting time of data between task.When two tasks with direct correlation relation are assigned to while carrying out on same virtual machine, its communication overhead is 0, can effectively reduce the time of predecessor task to subsequent tasks transmission data simultaneously.
(A2) show that according to the execution order between task in set Λ the DAG of associated task group schemes.
As shown in Figure 2, shown intuitively the DAG figure with 10 associated tasks, this group associated task is t
1-t
10, the incidence relation between task represents with arrow, the communication overhead between the numeral task on arrow.Task t
1for the Ingress node of associated task figure, task t
10for the Egress node of associated task, task t
2, t
3, t
4direct precursor task be t
1, subsequent tasks is respectively t
5, t
6, t
7, each task has forerunner or the subsequent tasks of oneself by that analogy.
The concrete steps of above-mentioned steps (B) are:
(B1) according to the order from entrance task to export task, described DAG figure is divided into k layer.
(B2) task in described DAG figure is divided in the set of tasks of equivalent layer according to its corresponding level, as shown in Figure 2, DAG figure has t
1-t
1010 associated tasks, according to from t
1to t
10the order of traversal task image, can be divided into associated task figure 5 layers: ground floor is t
1; The second layer is t
2, t
3, t
4; The 3rd layer is t
5, t
6, t
7; The 4th layer is t
8, t
9; Layer 5 is t
10.For the task-set that is in same layer, owing to there is no direct execution order relevance between task, so in the time that predecessor task completes, the task of same level can be dispatched simultaneously.For example task t
2, t
3, t
4only need its predecessor task t
1while completing, can be dispatched simultaneously.
(B3) total time-constrain that associated task group deadline D user being expected dispatches as associated task, according to
formula calculates the time-constrain of every layer of set of tasks.
Wherein, D
ibe the confinement time of i layer set of tasks, m
ibe the number of tasks in i layer set of tasks, and have
Describe the task scheduling flow process in above-mentioned steps (D) in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 3, comprise the steps:
S401: receive one deck task-set S from having divided the associated task group of task-set
i, its time is constrained to D
i, the level of the task-set that wherein i is current reception, i=1 while scheduling for the first time;
S402: by task-set S
iin task be dispensed to successively in idle virtual machines different in cluster virtual machine and carry out;
S403: judge task-set S
iin task whether be all finished, continue wait task if do not complete and be finished, otherwise go to S404;
S404: judge in task groups whether have the pending task-set of lower one deck, if do not exist task groups to be all finished, otherwise go to S405;
S405: calculation task collection S
iin total deadline T of all tasks
i.
S406: judge T
i<D
iwhether set up, take off one deck task-set if set up and go to step S402, go to step S407 otherwise take off one deck task-set;
S407: by task-set S
iin task be dispensed in the virtual machine identical with its direct precursor task and carry out, go to step 403;
The present invention also provides a kind of cloud computing associated task dispatching device embodiment based under time constraint condition, as shown in Figure 4, comprises task image construction unit 101, task layering unit 102, Virtual Machine Manager unit 103 and task scheduling unit 104;
Task image construction unit 101 is for receiving associated task group, and all tasks are set up to DAG figure according to the precedence of tasks carrying;
Task layering unit 102 is connected with task image construction unit 101, comprise task-set division unit 1021 and time-constrain computing unit 1022, task-set division unit 1021 is divided into different task-set by task according to level for the DAG figure having built according to task construction unit 101, and time-constrain computing unit 1022 calculates the time-constrain of associated task group the time-constrain of each layer according to the accounting situation of each layer of specific tasks number;
The implementation status of task on virtual machine, for managing virtual machines cluster, can be monitored in Virtual Machine Manager unit 103;
Task scheduling unit 104 is connected with Virtual Machine Manager unit 103 with task layering unit 102, comprises task-set receiving element 1041, task-set allocation units 1042, task-set execution monitoring unit 1043 and task-set time calculating unit 1044;
Task-set receiving element 1041 receives the time-constrain of one deck task-set and this layer of task-set successively from task layering unit 102, task-set allocation units 1042 are dispensed to virtual machine according to allocation rule by the task in task-set, task-set is carried out monitoring unit 1043 monitor task implementation status, task-set time calculating unit 1044 calculates the time that in a task-set, all tasks complete and compares with confinement time, task-set allocation units 1042 are determined the distribution condition of lower one deck task-set according to comparative result, if the time completing actual is less than confinement time, descend the task in one deck task-set to be dispensed to successively different idle virtual machines, otherwise the virtual machine that the task in lower one deck task-set is dispensed to its direct precursor task place is carried out.
The present invention is illustrated according to the preferred embodiment, should be appreciated that but above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the form of equivalent transformation obtains, all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the cloud computing associated task dispatching method based under time constraint condition, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) all tasks in associated task group are set up to DAG figure according to the precedence of its execution;
(2) according to the DAG figure having built in step (1), all tasks being divided into different task-set by level, is every layer of task-set limiting time constraint;
(3) hardware resource is virtual, build cluster virtual machine;
(4) according to the time-constrain situation of every layer of task-set by task scheduling to suitable virtual machine in cluster virtual machine.
2. the cloud computing associated task dispatching method based under time constraint condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described step (1) are:
(1.1) definition G={T, Λ, C} is the tlv triple of describing associated task group, and wherein, T is set of tasks all in associated task group, and Λ is the set of the execution order between task, and C is the set of communication overhead between task;
(1.2) show that according to the execution order between task in set Λ the DAG of associated task group schemes.
3. the cloud computing associated task dispatching method based under time constraint condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described step (2) are:
(2.1) according to the order from entrance task to export task by described DAG figure layering;
(2.2) task in described DAG figure is divided in the set of tasks of equivalent layer according to its corresponding level;
(2.3) the associated task group deadline of user being expected, as total time-constrain of associated task scheduling, calculates the time-constrain of every layer of set of tasks according to formula.
4. the cloud computing associated task dispatching method based under time constraint condition according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
The formula that calculates the time-constrain of every layer of set of tasks in described step (2.3) is
Wherein, D is the confinement time that associated task group completes, D
ibe the confinement time of i layer set of tasks, n is the total task number in associated task group, m
ibe the number of tasks in i layer set of tasks, meet
k is total number of plies of described DAG figure.
5. the cloud computing associated task dispatching method based under time constraint condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described step (3) are:
(3.1) by physical resource, comprise cpu resource, Internet resources, memory source and storage resources, virtual and build many virtual machines;
(3.2) in virtual machine, dispose user task and carry out the required data of needed operating system, application program and tasks carrying;
(3.3) virtual machine building is added in cluster virtual machine to the wait task execution that is scheduled.
6. the cloud computing associated task dispatching method based under time constraint condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the flow process of the task scheduling in described step (4) is:
(4.1) receive one deck task-set according to the associated task group of having divided task-set in described step (2) by level, the task in task-set is dispensed to idle virtual machines different in cluster virtual machine, go to step (4.2);
(4.2) judge whether the task in received task-set is all finished, and continues wait task be finished if do not complete, otherwise go to step (4.3);
(4.3) total deadline of the calculating all tasks in task-set that receive, judge whether to be less than the confinement time of this layer of task, if actual total deadline is less than confinement time, goes to step (4.1), otherwise go to step (4.4);
(4.4) task in lower one deck task-set is dispensed in the virtual machine identical with its predecessor task, goes to step (4.2).
7. the cloud computing associated task dispatching device based under time constraint condition, it is characterized in that, comprise task image construction unit (101), task layering unit (102), Virtual Machine Manager unit (103) and task scheduling unit (104);
Described task image construction unit (101) is for receiving associated task group, and all tasks are set up to DAG figure according to the precedence of tasks carrying;
Described task layering unit (102) is connected with task image construction unit (101), comprise task-set division unit (1021) and time-constrain computing unit (1022), described task-set division unit (1021) is divided into different task-set by task according to level for the DAG figure having built according to described task construction unit (101), and described time-constrain computing unit (1022) is assigned to the time-constrain of associated task group the time-constrain of concrete each layer;
The implementation status of task on virtual machine, for managing virtual machines cluster, can be monitored in described Virtual Machine Manager unit (103);
Described task scheduling unit (104) is connected with Virtual Machine Manager unit (103) with task layering unit (102) respectively, for the task-set of having divided by layer of task layering unit (102) is dispensed to the suitable virtual machine of Virtual Machine Manager unit (103) management according to time-constrain situation.
8. the cloud computing associated task dispatching device based under time constraint condition according to claim 7, is characterized in that,
Described task scheduling unit (104) comprises task-set receiving element (1041), task-set allocation units (1042), task-set execution monitoring unit (1043) and task-set time calculating unit (1044);
Described task-set receiving element (1041) receives the time-constrain of pending task-set and task-set from described task layering unit (102);
Described task-set allocation units (1042) are dispensed to the task in task-set in virtual machine and carry out, described task-set is carried out monitoring unit (1043) monitor task implementation status, described task-set time calculating unit (1044) calculation task concentrates all tasks complete the time of expense and compare with the confinement time of task-set, and described task-set allocation units (1042) are determined the distribution condition of lower one deck task-set according to comparative result.
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Application publication date: 20140903 Assignee: HUANENG LANCANG RIVER HYDROPOWER Inc. Assignor: HOHAI University Contract record no.: 2019320000021 Denomination of invention: Cloud computing associated task scheduling method and device based on time constraint Granted publication date: 20170926 License type: Common License Record date: 20190228 |