CN104009125A - Texturing technique of polycrystalline silicon chips - Google Patents

Texturing technique of polycrystalline silicon chips Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104009125A
CN104009125A CN201410267478.0A CN201410267478A CN104009125A CN 104009125 A CN104009125 A CN 104009125A CN 201410267478 A CN201410267478 A CN 201410267478A CN 104009125 A CN104009125 A CN 104009125A
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mass fraction
acid
silicon
wool
etching
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CN201410267478.0A
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CN104009125B (en
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邬时伟
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Guangdong Gaohang Intellectual Property Operation Co ltd
Guilin Sunshine Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Individual
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0236Special surface textures
    • H01L31/02363Special surface textures of the semiconductor body itself, e.g. textured active layers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B33/00After-treatment of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
    • C30B33/08Etching
    • C30B33/10Etching in solutions or melts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Weting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a texturing technique of polycrystalline silicon chips. The texturing technique comprises the following steps that (1) the surface of each silicon chip is coated with a layer of silicon carbide particles, (2) acid texturing is carried out in mixed liquid containing nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, (3) alkali texturing is carried out in potassium hydroxide solution, (4) acid pickling is carried out in the mixed liquid containing hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and (5) cleaning and drying are carried out. Solar cells manufactured through the texturing technique are low in reflectivity, and battery conversion efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon solar cells is high.

Description

The process for etching of polysilicon chip
Technical field
The present invention relates to the making field of solar cell, especially relate to a kind of process for etching of polysilicon chip.
Background technology
In recent years, polysilicon solar cell is with its conversion efficiency compared with high, stable performance and the moderate feature of cost and obtain applying more and more widely, and its output has surmounted monocrystalline silicon, has occupied the leading position in market.
In order to improve the battery conversion efficiency of solar cell, when making, need first silicon chip to be carried out to chemical treatment, make silicon face make an effigurate matte of tool, still, according to prior art, polysilicon solar battery slice is being carried out after making herbs into wool, gained silicon chip reflectivity is higher, and the uniformity of matte is poor, and the battery conversion efficiency of polysilicon solar battery slice is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, provides a kind of reflectivity lower, the process for etching of the much higher crystal silicon chip of battery conversion efficiency.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A process for etching for polysilicon chip, comprises the following steps:
(1) at silicon chip surface spraying one deck silicon-carbide particle;
(2) in the mixed liquor that contains nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, carry out sour making herbs into wool;
(3) in potassium hydroxide solution, carry out alkali making herbs into wool;
(4) in the mixed liquor that contains hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, carry out pickling;
(5) clean and dry.
In step (1), the particle diameter of silicon-carbide particle is between 1-10 μ m.
In step (2) mixed liquor, the mass fraction of nitric acid is 35%, and the mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid is 7%, and silicon chip is making herbs into wool 1.5min at 15 ℃.
In step (3), the mass fraction of potassium hydroxide is 8%, and silicon chip is making herbs into wool 2min at 35 ℃.
In step (4) mixed liquor, the mass fraction of hydrochloric acid is 15%, and the mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid is 10%, and silicon chip is pickling 0.5min at 25 ℃, with the alkali lye of removing oxide layer and adhering to.
In step (5), after cleaning, at 35 ℃, dry 2.5min.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention first sprays silicon-carbide particle as protection particle, then uses sour making herbs into wool, form etch pit, and in this process, owing to there being protection particle, surface by particle covering place corrosion slowly, has reduced the reflectivity of silicon chip on polysilicon chip surface; And then use alkali making herbs into wool, in the pit forming in acid corrosion, erode away pyramidal pattern, form more light trapping, changed the appearance structure of silicon chip surface, further reduce the reflectivity after polysilicon making herbs into wool, improved the battery conversion efficiency of polysilicon solar battery slice.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation now.
Embodiment 1
A process for etching for polysilicon chip, comprises the following steps:
(1) at silicon chip surface spraying one deck particle diameter at the silicon-carbide particle of 1-2 μ m as protection particle;
(2) under the condition of 15 ℃, sour making herbs into wool 1.5min in containing the mixed liquor that mass fraction is 35% nitric acid and the mass fraction hydrofluoric acid that is 7%;
(3) under the condition of 35 ℃, alkali making herbs into wool 2min in the potassium hydroxide solution that is 8% at mass fraction;
(4), under the condition of 25 ℃, pickling 0.5min in containing the mixed liquor that mass fraction is 15% hydrochloric acid and the mass fraction hydrofluoric acid that is 10%, with the alkali lye of removing oxide layer and adhering to;
(5) in clear water, clean, and dry 2.5min at 35 ℃.
The solar battery sheet reflectivity of producing by said method is 24.8%, and battery conversion efficiency is 17.51%.
Embodiment 2
(1) at silicon chip surface spraying one deck particle diameter at the silicon-carbide particle of 5-6 μ m as protection particle;
(2) under the condition of 15 ℃, sour making herbs into wool 1.5min in containing the mixed liquor that mass fraction is 35% nitric acid and the mass fraction hydrofluoric acid that is 7%;
(3) under the condition of 35 ℃, alkali making herbs into wool 2min in the potassium hydroxide solution that is 8% at mass fraction;
(4), under the condition of 25 ℃, pickling 0.5min in containing the mixed liquor that mass fraction is 15% hydrochloric acid and the mass fraction hydrofluoric acid that is 10%, with the alkali lye of removing oxide layer and adhering to;
(5) in clear water, clean, and dry 2.5min at 35 ℃.
The solar battery sheet reflectivity of producing by said method is 22.3%, and battery conversion efficiency is 17.62%.
Embodiment 3
(1) at silicon chip surface spraying one deck particle diameter at the silicon-carbide particle of 9-10 μ m as protection particle;
(2) under the condition of 15 ℃, sour making herbs into wool 1.5min in containing the mixed liquor that mass fraction is 35% nitric acid and the mass fraction hydrofluoric acid that is 7%;
(3) under the condition of 35 ℃, alkali making herbs into wool 2min in the potassium hydroxide solution that is 8% at mass fraction;
(4), under the condition of 25 ℃, pickling 0.5min in containing the mixed liquor that mass fraction is 15% hydrochloric acid and the mass fraction hydrofluoric acid that is 10%, with the alkali lye of removing oxide layer and adhering to;
(5) in clear water, clean, and dry 2.5min at 35 ℃.
The solar battery sheet reflectivity of producing by said method is 23.1%, and battery conversion efficiency is 17.55%.
Comparative example
Traditional polysilicon process for etching is as follows:
By polysilicon chip, in temperature, be making herbs into wool 1-2min in the mixed liquid of the hydrofluoric acid of 4-10 ℃ and nitric acid, wherein the mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid is respectively 6-8% and 35-40%.The solar battery sheet reflectivity of producing by the method is more than 27%.
Above-mentioned is enlightenment according to the present invention, and by above-mentioned description, person skilled can, within not departing from the scope of this invention technological thought, be carried out various change and modification completely.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on specification, must determine its technical scope according to claim scope.

Claims (6)

1. a process for etching for polysilicon chip, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) at silicon chip surface spraying one deck silicon-carbide particle;
(2) in the mixed liquor that contains nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, carry out sour making herbs into wool;
(3) in potassium hydroxide solution, carry out alkali making herbs into wool;
(4) in the mixed liquor that contains hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, carry out pickling;
(5) clean and dry.
2. the process for etching of polysilicon chip according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), the particle diameter of silicon-carbide particle is between 1-10 μ m.
3. the process for etching of polysilicon chip according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2) mixed liquor, the mass fraction of nitric acid is 35%, and the mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid is 7%, and silicon chip is making herbs into wool 1.5min at 15 ℃.
4. the process for etching of polysilicon chip according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), the mass fraction of potassium hydroxide is 8%, and silicon chip is making herbs into wool 2min at 35 ℃.
5. the process for etching of polysilicon chip according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4) mixed liquor, the mass fraction of hydrochloric acid is 15%, and the mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid is 10%, and silicon chip is pickling 0.5min at 25 ℃.
6. the process for etching of polysilicon chip according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (5), after cleaning, at 35 ℃, dries 2.5min.
CN201410267478.0A 2014-06-08 2014-06-08 The process for etching of polysilicon chip Expired - Fee Related CN104009125B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104241449A (en) * 2014-09-18 2014-12-24 百力达太阳能股份有限公司 Technology for manufacturing polycrystalline silicon solar cells
CN106012027A (en) * 2016-07-05 2016-10-12 常州大学 Monocrystalline/polycrystalline silicon chained acid-alkali integrated texture and preparing method thereof
CN106328734A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-11 东方日升新能源股份有限公司 Texturization method of silicon chip of solar cell
CN107393818A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-11-24 江苏大学 A kind of secondary etching method of the soda acid of polysilicon solar cell and its polysilicon
CN110752273A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-04 无锡尚德太阳能电力有限公司 Simplified back passivation battery process applied to polycrystalline silicon chip

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111524985A (en) * 2020-04-28 2020-08-11 中国科学院电工研究所 Method for texturing surface of polycrystalline silicon wafer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090277501A1 (en) * 2008-05-08 2009-11-12 Marvin Keshner Solar Panel Having Improved Light-Trapping Characteristics and Method
CN101613884A (en) * 2009-04-02 2009-12-30 常州天合光能有限公司 Polycrystalline silicon fuzzing process by acid method
CN103151423A (en) * 2013-02-28 2013-06-12 常州捷佳创精密机械有限公司 Texturing and cleaning process method of polysilicon wafer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090277501A1 (en) * 2008-05-08 2009-11-12 Marvin Keshner Solar Panel Having Improved Light-Trapping Characteristics and Method
CN101613884A (en) * 2009-04-02 2009-12-30 常州天合光能有限公司 Polycrystalline silicon fuzzing process by acid method
CN103151423A (en) * 2013-02-28 2013-06-12 常州捷佳创精密机械有限公司 Texturing and cleaning process method of polysilicon wafer

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104241449A (en) * 2014-09-18 2014-12-24 百力达太阳能股份有限公司 Technology for manufacturing polycrystalline silicon solar cells
CN106012027A (en) * 2016-07-05 2016-10-12 常州大学 Monocrystalline/polycrystalline silicon chained acid-alkali integrated texture and preparing method thereof
CN106328734A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-11 东方日升新能源股份有限公司 Texturization method of silicon chip of solar cell
CN107393818A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-11-24 江苏大学 A kind of secondary etching method of the soda acid of polysilicon solar cell and its polysilicon
CN107393818B (en) * 2017-06-27 2020-06-09 江苏大学 Acid-base secondary texturing method of polycrystalline silicon solar cell and polycrystalline silicon thereof
CN110752273A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-04 无锡尚德太阳能电力有限公司 Simplified back passivation battery process applied to polycrystalline silicon chip
CN110752273B (en) * 2019-10-30 2022-07-01 无锡尚德太阳能电力有限公司 Simplified back passivation battery process applied to polycrystalline silicon chip

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Inventor after: Chen Zhaoming

Inventor before: Wu Shiwei

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Effective date of registration: 20170630

Address after: 541199, Lingui Guilin, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region pond Industrial Park

Patentee after: Guilin Sunshine Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 510000 unit 2414-2416, building, No. five, No. 371, Tianhe District, Guangdong, China

Patentee before: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd.

Effective date of registration: 20170630

Address after: 510000 unit 2414-2416, building, No. five, No. 371, Tianhe District, Guangdong, China

Patentee after: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 315613 No. 8 Yucai Road, West Town, Ninghai County, Zhejiang Province

Patentee before: Wu Shiwei

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Granted publication date: 20160706

Termination date: 20190608

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee