CN103975809A - Method for breeding rice three-nursery breeder seeds by raising rice seedlings on seeding tray - Google Patents
Method for breeding rice three-nursery breeder seeds by raising rice seedlings on seeding tray Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding rice three-nursery breeder seeds by raising rice seedlings on a seeding tray, is suitable for the planting selection of rice filial generation, and belongs to the technical field of rice breeding. By the method, the problems of residues of rice grains (weed rice seeds or shattered rice in the previous year) of rice seedling beds, assorted seeding and transplanting links, slow seedling recovery after transplanting, large difference of single-plant growth and difficulty in guarantee of the purity of produced breeder seeds are solved. According to the method for producing the rice three-nursery breeder seeds, the production technology of rice ear-row nurseries, ear-line nurseries and breeder seed nurseries and the technology of raising the rice seedlings on the rice plastic seeding tray are combined, the rice seedlings of which the roots have nutritional soil blocks and which are easy to disperse with each other are cultivated by using a plastic seeding tray bowl, and the ear-row (line) nurseries are established by fixed-point single-bowl rice seedling transplantation in fields to perform the comparison of choice of the ear-row (line) nurseries, so that the opportunity of mixing seeds of the rice seedling beds is avoided completely to facilitate the improvement of the selection efficiency, propagation coefficients and purity of the breeder seeds.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to a kind of seedling-cultivation plate breeding paddy rice three garden original seeds, the plantation that is simultaneously applicable to Rice Progenies is selected, and belongs to rice breeding technology field.
Background technology
By paddy rice seed production regulations for technical operation (GB/T17316-1998), paddy rice three garden process for preparing protospecies are being selected after good single fringe, carry out respectively single fringe threshing, dress bag preserve, sow seeds seedling or whole fringe seedling, single this transplantings, set up head progeny row, head progeny row Identification, preferably head progeny row is set up fringe system, fringe is that Identification, major clique mix, production original seed.Practice shows that these links easily cause and mix, and particularly mixing of link transplanted in the rice seedling bed grain of rice residual (Weedy Rice seed or last year paddy rice shattering) and sowing, and it is slow to transplant slow seedling, and individual plant growth differences is larger, and the original seed purity of production is difficult to ensure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to easily cause and mix for existing paddy rice process for preparing protospecies links, particularly mixing of link transplanted in the rice seedling bed grain of rice residual (Weedy Rice seed or last year paddy rice shattering) and sowing, and it is slow to transplant slow seedling, individual plant growth differences is larger, the original seed purity of producing is difficult to the problem ensureing, a kind of method of seedling-cultivation plate breeding paddy rice original seed is provided.To be that garden, original seed farm are produced and paddy rice plastics seedling-cultivation plate culture technique combines by rice row garden, fringe by the seedling-cultivation plate method of paddy rice three garden seed productions, research sums up the method for seedling-cultivation plate breeding paddy rice original seed, adopt plastics seedling dish bring out root with nutritive cube, be mutually easy to disperse rice seedling, transplant and set up head progeny row (being) garden by fix a point single alms bowl seedling of field, carry out head progeny row (being) alternative.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A method for seedling-cultivation plate breeding paddy rice three garden original seeds, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1: select single fringe
(1) single fringe is selected in field: from production field or head progeny row garden, the fringe in three seed production fields, garden be garden, original seed Tanaka, according to plant height, plant type, Ye Zi, leaf look, fringe type, grain type, the breeding time proterties of breeding kind, with the contrast of former kind, select to there is former kind characteristic feature, without 300 to 400 of single fringes of damage by disease and insect;
When field is selected, only selected 1 fringe of an individual plant, the not threshing of Dan Suixian that field is selected, puts into seed mesh bag by kind air-dry to moisture≤14.5%;
(2) indoor species test, final election list fringe, single fringe threshing: indoor foundation is bred grain type, ripening rate, the seed holding of kind and carried out final election, selection has single fringe 150-250 fringe of former kind characteristic feature;
After indoor final election, single fringe threshing, removes blue or green flat grain, and every tassel seed fills separately parcel and preserves, and obtains the single fringe simple grain of paddy rice, as head progeny row next year garden material;
S2: head progeny row garden produces
(1) nutritive soil preparation: before the selection winter, deep ploughing, loose vegetable garden soil are made Nutrition Soil, every 100kg is sieved in fine earth and evenly admixes 600-675g rice seedling-growth soil regulator, or every 100kg sieves in fine earth and evenly admixes ammonium sulfate 100-130g, superphosphate 100-180g, potassium chloride 40-100g; While selecting fine weather and mound moisture 10wt%-15%wt, sieve, particle diameter≤5mm, after sieve, cover and continue to concentrate heap vexed with plastic sheeting for farm use, make the abundant slaking of loam, generally in broadcasting front 7d, every 1000kg Nutrition Soil sprays vexed heap sterilization with 100 times of liquid of 40-60g fenaminosulf, or broadcast before rear epiphragma, be watered 1000-1500 times of liquid spray disinfectant with 65% fenaminosulf 50-60g, in case sprout term diseases such as damping offs, then by drying, sieve, foster and apply fertilizer, the Nutrition Soil that makes of sterilization, heap packs macropore six rib seedling bowl plate 2/3 degree of depth into;
Described macropore six rib seedling bowl plates are 561 caves, 19 row, and 30-29-30 is counted in row cave;
(2) the simple grain bunch planting of embarking on journey: the single fringe simple grain of the paddy rice point that step S1 (2) is obtained is sowed in the alms bowl body of seedling dish, the program request of every fringe full line, every fringe 100-115 grain program request 3 row, every fringe 115-145 grain program request 4 row, more than 145 program request of every fringe 5 row, after planting sprinkle thin layer Nutrition Soil and cover tightly seed, cover nonwoven, then seedling dish is close on seedling bed and is arranged, seedling tray bottom is pressed into seedling bed, to ensure that each several part fully contacts with seedling bed; Same kind program request line number is consistent, and the remaining seed of full line is not broadcast not;
During seedling growth, the whole fringe in rice seedling bed is pulled out the dysgonic rice shoots such as growth potential is weak, Albino Seedling;
(3) bracing wire single cave planting of fixing a point: a portable dish, transplant on the other hand and press the row transplanting of seedling dish cave, seedling dish a line Honda is transplanted into a line, the line number of the line number after transplanting and columns and seedling dish and columns correspondent equal, every fringe seedling dish is broadcast several row and is transplanted several row, line-spacing 25cm, pier is apart from 13cm, the long 3-3.5m of row;
(4) field head progeny row is selected: select according to the tillering of head progeny row plant, plant type, Ye Zi, leaf look, fringe type, grain type, awns look, ripe phase, ripe phase, damage by disease and insect, selection has head progeny row 20-30 of former kind characteristic feature, wherein, the head progeny row that damage by disease and insect occurs is not selected, compared obviously differently from former kind, the head progeny row that Comprehensive Traits is good or individual plant are selected;
Concrete, after rice transplanting by kind observe record tiller, plant phene that plant type, Ye Zi, leaf look, heading stage, fringe type, grain type, awns look, ripe phase, ripe phase, damage by disease and insect and weather, fertilising factor form, the head progeny row that finds that there is variation separation is investigated separately record, and press head progeny row mark, with the selected head progeny row of different colours mark, superseded head progeny row and good variation head progeny row, cut phase to the fringe phase of beginning is the best period of differentiating head progeny row proterties, 2-3d investigates once, selected head progeny row 20-30 according to field performance of maturing stage;
To be selected in head progeny row by kind serial number, single file harvesting, the airing of single bundle, threshing separately, packs seed mesh bag into air-dry to moisture below 14.5%;
(5) indoor species test, quality restriction, final election single file:
The data of choosing the former kind of breeding are contrast, head progeny row that field is selected is indoor carries out species test, species test factor is a type, awns look, thousand kernel weight, each head progeny row is got 200 and is carried out a meter matter analysis, statistics brown rice rate, chalk rice rate, green rice-grain rate, irregular rice rate, indoor species test and the data of rice matter assay and former kind are compared, final election have the head progeny row 15-25 of former kind characteristic feature individual as next year fringe be garden material;
S3: fringe is that garden produces
By the head progeny row selected last year, by the simple grain seedling in seedling dish respectively of each head progeny row, 180 whole dishes of each head progeny row, the seedling dish that bracing wire fixed point is transplanted each head progeny row becomes Yi Ge community, is called fringe system, line-spacing 25cm, pier, apart from 13cm, generally takes up an area 667m
2;
Growing period carries out fringe system relatively, eliminates atypical fringe of growing to be, the selected rear mixing of good fringe system's results threshing is breeder's stock, and the selected fringe of general each kind is 10-20, determines by original seed next year field area;
Described growth is not true to type and takes single fringe selection traits, species test proterties and the field head progeny row selection traits selection mode of above-mentioned steps S1 and S2 to select;
S4: original seed farm is produced
The breeder's stock that step S3 is obtained carries out mechanical planting, establishes isolation strip more than 20m between kind, and flower arrangement plantation is forbidden in an a kind of garden;
Management before results: hybrid strain, variant and weeds will be pulled out in time, before results, through technical staff, according to breeding the purity of typical Characters Identification original seed farm of kind and damage by disease and insect, a situation arises, destroy in the seed-breeding field that quarantine object occurs, and seed purity is reached more than 99.99%;
After threshing, carry out seed inspection during manufacture, make seed moisture content≤14.5%, germination rate >=85%, cleanliness >=98.0%, the seed being up to the standards enters original seed storehouse to be preserved, and obtains paddy rice original seed.
Preferably, there is the selection mode of former kind characteristic feature as follows:
Described plant height is selected: the maturing stage is measured the Gao Sui in every cave, compared with former kind, differs and is no more than 3cm, and the length of described Gao Sui is the length on the top from basal part of stem to fringe, and this length is containing awns;
Described plant type is selected: the range estimation of the Sheng of tillering phase, and tight bundle, moderate or loose, selects respectively the plant type identical with former kind;
Described leaf appearance is selected: the range estimation of the Sheng of tillering phase, and straight and upright, medium or hang down loosely, select respectively the leaf appearance identical with former kind;
Described leaf look is selected: the range estimation of the Sheng of tillering phase, and dark green, green or pale green, selects respectively the leaf look identical with former kind;
Described fringe type is selected: maturing stage range estimation, and straight fringe type, half straight fringe type or loose panicle type, select respectively the fringe type identical with former kind;
Described grain type is selected: elongated shape, ellipse, half spindle or circle, select respectively the grain type identical with former kind;
Select described breeding time: select fringe phase beginning, full heading time and maturing stage and former kind to differ the single fringe that is no more than 2 days;
Described ripening rate is selected: difference≤3% of selecting ripening rate and former kind;
Described seed holding is selected: the maturing stage is twisted with the fingers spike of rice with have gentle hands, depending on threshing complexity divide difficulty, in, easy 3 grades, select respectively the seed holding identical with former kind;
Described awns look is selected: full heading time range estimation: light yellow, rufous, purple, select respectively the awns look identical with former kind;
The described selection of tillering: the Sheng of the tillering phase is selected to differ with the average maximum tiller number of former kind the head progeny row that is no more than 3;
Select described breeding time: select fringe phase beginning, full heading time and maturing stage and former kind to differ the single fringe that is no more than 2 days;
Described ripely select mutually: maturing stage range estimation, good, in, poor, the selection ripe phase identical with former kind respectively;
Described thousand kernel weight is selected: thousand kernel weight is no more than 1g with contrasting to differ;
Described brown rice rate, chalk rice rate, green rice-grain rate, the assay assay of irregular rice rate and the initial data of check variety are compared, and differ and are no more than 2%.
Preferably, described in step S2 (2), the thickness of thin layer Nutrition Soil is 0.5-1cm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) method employing seedling-cultivation plate method of the present invention is that garden, original seed farm are produced and paddy rice plastics seedling-cultivation plate culture technique combines by rice row garden, fringe, adopt the physical culture of plastics seedlings dish alms bowl to go out root with nutritive cube, be mutually easy to the rice seedling that disperses, transplant and set up head progeny row (being) garden by fix a point single alms bowl seedling of field, carry out head progeny row (being) alternative and be the method for basic paddy rice three garden seed productions, thoroughly stop rice seedling bed impurity of seeds chance, be conducive to improve efficiency of selection, reproduction coefficient and the purity of original seed.
(2) the seedling growth neat and consistent that seedling dish is cultivated, in head progeny row (being) and between head progeny row (being), there will not be the growth potential difference causing because of extraneous factor (rich water etc.), each character variation coefficient is little, improves the reliability and stability that head progeny row (being) is selected.
(3) improve paddy rice original seed purity, take to screen the Nutrition Soil seedling of composting, rice seedling bed and seed are thoroughly isolated, seedling-cultivation plate has also stopped to educate impurity of seeds chance between head progeny row in rice transplanting process (being), and the original seed purity of producing improves and approaches one thousandth than sow seeds seedling or the seedling of whole fringe rice seedling bed of single fringe threshing.
(4) to hinder root few for rice shoot, plants wound light, turns green fast, tillers early, and tillering node is low, tillers many, and leaf emergence rate is fast, and total leaf number is many, and later stage greenery number is many.
(5) maturing stage is done sth. in advance 2-3 days.
(6) be conducive to rice high yield stable yields, improved reproduction coefficient, increase production more than 5% than land for growing field crops seedling transplanting.
Embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples, embodiment should not regard limiting the scope of the present invention as.Below in conjunction with example, the present invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1: three garden seed productions of sunlight 200 rice varieties
It is sunlight 200 that the present invention adopts kind, formed by the independent seed selection of Tancheng County seeds company, within 2005, by Shandong Province's crop varietal approval committee (authorization numbering: Lu Nong examines word [2005] No. 037), 2008 by national crop varietal approval committee (authorization numbering: state examines rice 2008043).
S1: select the typical Dan Sui of sunlight 200
(1) single fringe is selected in field: from the head progeny row garden of sunlight 200, according to proterties such as the plant height of sunlight 200 rice varieties, plant type, leaf look, fringe type, grain type, awns look, breeding times, select to there is this kind characteristic feature, single fringe 300 fringes without rice blast and false smut seed.
Table 1 sunlight 200 rice varieties are selected single fringe typical case's proterties table of comparisons (Shandong-Tancheng, 2010)
When field is selected, only selected 1 fringe of an individual plant, the not threshing of Dan Suixian that field is selected, puts into seed mesh bag by kind air-dry to moisture≤14.5%;
(2) indoor species test, final election list fringe, single fringe threshing: the proterties such as the indoor fringe type according to sunlight 200 rice varieties, grain type, glume colour, bran point look, awns look, seed holding are carried out strict final election, final election 200-250 fringe;
Table 2 sunlight 200 rice varieties final election list fringe typical case's proterties tables of comparisons (Shandong-Tancheng, 2010)
After indoor final election, single fringe threshing, removes blue or green flat grain, and every tassel seed fills separately parcel and preserves, and obtains the single fringe simple grain of paddy rice, as head progeny row next year garden material.
S2: head progeny row garden produces
(1) nutritive soil preparation: select to deep plough before the winter, loose vegetable garden soil makes Nutrition Soil, carry out, then by drying, sieve, foster and apply fertilizer, the Nutrition Soil that makes of sterilization, heap packs macropore six rib seedling bowl plate 2/3 degree of depth into.
Described macropore six rib seedling bowl plates are 561 caves, 19 row, and 30-29-30 is counted in row cave;
(2) the simple grain bunch planting of embarking on journey: the single fringe simple grain of the paddy rice point that step S1 (2) is obtained is sowed in the alms bowl body of seedling dish, the program request of every fringe full line, every fringe program request 3 row, after planting sprinkle thin layer (0.5-1.0cm) Nutrition Soil again and cover tightly seed, cover nonwoven;
Then seedling dish is close on seedling bed and is arranged, seedling tray bottom is pressed into seedling bed, to ensure that each several part fully contacts with seedling bed; Same kind program request line number is consistent, and the remaining seed of full line is not broadcast not;
During seedling growth, the whole fringe in rice seedling bed is pulled out the dysgonic rice shoots such as growth potential is weak, Albino Seedling;
(3) bracing wire single cave planting of fixing a point: a portable dish, to transplant on the other hand and press seedling dish cave row and transplant, seedling dish a line Honda is transplanted into a line, and every fringe seedling dish is broadcast 3 row, line-spacing 25cm, pier is apart from 13cm, about the long 3.3m of row;
(4) field head progeny row is selected: after rice transplanting, observe in detail the plant performance situation that factors such as recording the tillering of sunlight 200 each head progeny rows of rice varieties, plant type, Ye Zi, leaf look, heading stage, fringe type, grain type, glume colour, bran point look, awns look, ripe phase, ripe phase, various damage by disease and insect and weather, fertilising forms, the head progeny row that finds that there is variation separation is investigated separately record, and press in time head progeny row mark (with the selected head progeny row of different colours mark, eliminate head progeny row and good variation head progeny row), cut phase to the fringe phase of beginning is the best period of differentiating head progeny row proterties, and 2-3d investigates once.Maturing stage is according to field performance preferred 20-25 head progeny row from selected head progeny row;
Compared obviously differently from former kind, the head progeny row that Comprehensive Traits is good or individual plant can be selected in as breeding material and carry out test for identification, and mixed receipts of other head progeny rows that are not selected in eliminated.To be selected in head progeny row by kind serial number, single file harvesting, the airing of single bundle, threshing separately, packs seed mesh bag into air-dry to moisture below 14.5%;
(5) indoor species test, quality restriction, final election single file: head progeny row that field is selected is indoor carries out species test, mainly a type, glume colour, bran point look, awns look, thousand kernel weight, each head progeny row is got 200 and is carried out a meter matter analysis, statistics brown rice rate, chalk rice rate, green rice-grain rate, irregular rice rate etc., compare indoor species test and the initial data of rice matter assay and sunlight 200 rice varieties, a final election 15-20 head progeny row as next year fringe be garden material.
Table 3 sunlight 200 rice varieties grain characters and rice quality table (Shandong-Tancheng, 2011)
S3: fringe is that garden produces
By the head progeny row selected last year, separately with disliking the blue or green seed soaking of line, thoroughly skim blue or green flat grain, by the simple grain seedling in seedling dish respectively of each head progeny row, each head progeny row approximately needs 180 whole dishes, and the seedling dish that bracing wire fixed point is transplanted each head progeny row becomes Yi Ge community, be called fringe system, line-spacing 25cm, pier, apart from 13cm, generally takes up an area 667m
2left and right;
Growing period carries out fringe system relatively, eliminates atypical fringe of growing to be, the selected rear mixing of good fringe system's results threshing is breeder's stock, and generally selected fringe is 10-15.
S4: original seed farm is produced
The breeder's stock that step S3 is obtained carries out mechanical planting, establishes isolation strip more than 20m between kind, and flower arrangement plantation is forbidden in an a kind of garden;
Management before results: hybrid strain, variant and weeds will be pulled out in time, a situation arises for the front purity through the strict identification of species of technical staff of results and damage by disease and insect, and destroy in the seed-breeding field that quarantine object occurs, and seed purity is reached more than 99.99%;
After threshing, carry out seed inspection during manufacture, make seed moisture content≤14.5%, germination rate >=85%, cleanliness >=98.0%, the seed being up to the standards enters original seed storehouse to be preserved, and obtains paddy rice original seed.
Head progeny row garden proterties contrast table (Shandong-Tancheng, 2010) is set up in the 200 rice varieties distinct methods seedling of table 4 sunlight
Embodiment 2: three garden seed productions of sunlight 600 rice varieties
It is sunlight 600 that the present invention adopts kind, is formed by the independent seed selection of Tancheng County seeds company, and 2012 by Shandong Province's crop varietal approval committee (authorization numbering: Lu Nong examines word [2012] No. 022).
S1: select the typical Dan Sui of sunlight 600
(1) single fringe is selected in field: from the head progeny row garden of sunlight 600, according to proterties such as the plant height of sunlight 600 rice varieties, plant type, leaf look, fringe type, grain type, awns look, maturing stages, select to there is this kind characteristic feature, single fringe 300 fringes without rice blast and false smut seed.
Table 5 sunlight 600 rice varieties are selected single fringe typical case's proterties table of comparisons (Shandong-Tancheng, 2012)
When field is selected, only selected 1 fringe of an individual plant, the not threshing of Dan Suixian that field is selected, puts into seed mesh bag by kind air-dry to moisture≤14.5%;
(2) indoor species test, final election list fringe, single fringe threshing: the proterties such as the indoor fringe type according to sunlight 600 rice varieties, grain type, ripening rate, awns look, seed holding are carried out strict final election, final election 200-250 fringe;
Table 6 sunlight 600 rice varieties final election list fringe typical case's proterties tables of comparisons (Shandong-Tancheng, 2012)
After indoor final election, single fringe threshing, removes blue or green flat grain, and every tassel seed fills separately parcel and preserves, and obtains the single fringe simple grain of paddy rice, as head progeny row next year garden material;
S2: head progeny row garden produces
(1) nutritive soil preparation: select to deep plough before the winter, loose vegetable garden soil makes Nutrition Soil, carry out, then by drying, sieve, foster and apply fertilizer, the Nutrition Soil that makes of sterilization, heap packs macropore six rib seedling bowl plate 2/3 degree of depth into.
Described macropore six rib seedling bowl plates are 561 caves, 19 row, and 30-29-30 is counted in row cave;
(2) the simple grain bunch planting of embarking on journey: the single fringe simple grain of the paddy rice point that step S1 (2) is obtained is sowed in the alms bowl body of seedling dish, the program request of every fringe full line, every fringe program request 3 row, after planting sprinkle thin layer (0.5-1.0cm) Nutrition Soil again and cover tightly seed, cover nonwoven;
Then seedling dish is close on seedling bed and is arranged, seedling tray bottom is pressed into seedling bed, to ensure that each several part fully contacts with seedling bed; Same kind program request line number is consistent, and the remaining seed of full line is not broadcast not;
During seedling growth, the whole fringe in rice seedling bed is pulled out the dysgonic rice shoots such as growth potential is weak, Albino Seedling;
(3) bracing wire single cave planting of fixing a point: a portable dish, to transplant on the other hand and press seedling dish cave row and transplant, seedling dish a line Honda is transplanted into a line, and every fringe seedling dish is broadcast 3 row, line-spacing 25cm, pier is apart from 13cm, about the long 3.3m of row;
(4) field head progeny row is selected: after rice transplanting, observe in detail the plant performance situation that factors such as recording the tillering of sunlight 600 each head progeny rows of rice varieties, plant type, Ye Zi, leaf look, heading stage, fringe type, grain type, awns look, ripe phase, ripe phase, various damage by disease and insect and weather, fertilising forms, the head progeny row that finds that there is variation separation is investigated separately record, and press in time head progeny row mark (with the selected head progeny row of different colours mark, eliminate head progeny row and good variation head progeny row), cut phase to the fringe phase of beginning is the best period of differentiating head progeny row proterties, and 2-3d investigates once.Maturing stage is according to field performance preferred 20-25 head progeny row from selected head progeny row;
Compared obviously differently from former kind, the head progeny row that Comprehensive Traits is good or individual plant can be selected in as breeding material and carry out test for identification, and mixed receipts of other head progeny rows that are not selected in eliminated.To be selected in head progeny row by kind serial number, single file harvesting, the airing of single bundle, threshing separately, packs seed mesh bag into air-dry to moisture below 14.5%;
(5) indoor species test, quality restriction, final election single file: head progeny row that field is selected is indoor carries out species test, mainly a type, awns look, thousand kernel weight, each head progeny row is got 200 and is carried out a meter matter analysis, statistics brown rice rate, chalk rice rate, green rice-grain rate, irregular rice rate etc., compare indoor species test and the initial data of rice matter assay and sunlight 600 rice varieties, a final election 15-20 head progeny row as next year fringe be garden material;
Table 7 sunlight 600 rice varieties grain characters and rice quality table (Shandong-Tancheng, 2013)
S3: fringe is that garden produces
By the head progeny row selected last year, separately with disliking the blue or green seed soaking of line, thoroughly skim blue or green flat grain, by the simple grain seedling in seedling dish respectively of each head progeny row, each head progeny row approximately needs 180 whole dishes, and the seedling dish that bracing wire fixed point is transplanted each head progeny row becomes Yi Ge community, be called fringe system, line-spacing 25cm, pier, apart from 13cm, generally takes up an area 667m
2left and right;
Growing period carries out fringe system relatively, eliminates atypical fringe of growing to be, the selected rear mixing of good fringe system's results threshing is breeder's stock, and generally selected fringe is 10-15;
S4: original seed farm is produced
The breeder's stock that step S3 is obtained carries out mechanical planting, machine rice transplantation, establishes isolation strip more than 20m between kind, and flower arrangement plantation is forbidden in an a kind of garden;
Management before results: hybrid strain, variant and weeds will be pulled out in time, before results, through technical staff, according to the purity of the typical Characters Identification original seed farm of sunlight 600 rice varieties and damage by disease and insect, a situation arises, destroy in the seed-breeding field that quarantine object occurs, and seed purity is reached more than 99.99%;
After threshing, carry out seed inspection during manufacture, make seed moisture content≤14.5%, germination rate >=85%, cleanliness >=98.0%, the seed being up to the standards enters original seed storehouse to be preserved, and obtains sunlight 600 paddy rice original seeds.
Claims (3)
1. a method for seedling-cultivation plate breeding paddy rice three garden original seeds, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1: select single fringe
(1) single fringe is selected in field: from production field or head progeny row garden, the fringe in three seed production fields, garden be garden, original seed Tanaka, according to plant height, plant type, Ye Zi, leaf look, fringe type, grain type, the breeding time proterties of breeding kind, with the contrast of former kind, select to there is former kind characteristic feature, without 300 to 400 of single fringes of damage by disease and insect;
When field is selected, only selected 1 fringe of an individual plant, the not threshing of Dan Suixian that field is selected, puts into seed mesh bag by kind air-dry to moisture≤14.5%;
(2) indoor species test, final election list fringe, single fringe threshing: indoor foundation is bred grain type, ripening rate, the seed holding of kind and carried out final election, selection has single fringe 150-250 fringe of former kind characteristic feature;
After indoor final election, single fringe threshing, removes blue or green flat grain, and every tassel seed fills separately parcel and preserves, and obtains the single fringe simple grain of paddy rice, as head progeny row next year garden material;
S2: head progeny row garden produces
(1) nutritive soil preparation: before the selection winter, deep ploughing, loose vegetable garden soil are made Nutrition Soil, every 100kg is sieved in fine earth and evenly admixes 600-675g rice seedling-growth soil regulator, or every 100kg sieves in fine earth and evenly admixes ammonium sulfate 100-130g, superphosphate 100-180g, potassium chloride 40-100g; While selecting fine weather and mound moisture 10wt%-15%wt, sieve, particle diameter≤5mm, after sieve, cover and continue to concentrate heap vexed with plastic sheeting for farm use, make the abundant slaking of loam, generally in broadcasting front 7d, every 1000kg Nutrition Soil sprays vexed heap sterilization with 100 times of liquid of 40-60g fenaminosulf, or broadcast before rear epiphragma, be watered 1000-1500 times of liquid spray disinfectant with 65% fenaminosulf 50-60g, in case sprout term diseases such as damping offs, then by drying, sieve, foster and apply fertilizer, the Nutrition Soil that makes of sterilization, heap packs macropore six rib seedling bowl plate 2/3 degree of depth into;
Described macropore six rib seedling bowl plates are 561 caves, 19 row, and 30-29-30 is counted in row cave;
(2) the simple grain bunch planting of embarking on journey: the single fringe simple grain of the paddy rice point that step S1 (2) is obtained is sowed in the alms bowl body of seedling dish, the program request of every fringe full line, every fringe 100-115 grain program request 3 row, every fringe 115-145 grain program request 4 row, more than 145 program request of every fringe 5 row, after planting sprinkle thin layer Nutrition Soil and cover tightly seed, cover nonwoven, then seedling dish is close on seedling bed and is arranged, seedling tray bottom is pressed into seedling bed, to ensure that each several part fully contacts with seedling bed; Same kind program request line number is consistent, and the remaining seed of full line is not broadcast not;
During seedling growth, the whole fringe in rice seedling bed is pulled out the dysgonic rice shoots such as growth potential is weak, Albino Seedling;
(3) bracing wire single cave planting of fixing a point: a portable dish, transplant on the other hand and press the row transplanting of seedling dish cave, a line seedling dish is transplanted into a line Honda, the line number of the line number after transplanting and columns and seedling dish and columns correspondent equal, every fringe seedling dish is broadcast several row and is transplanted several row, line-spacing 25cm, pier is apart from 13cm, the long 3-3.5m of row;
(4) field head progeny row is selected: select according to the tillering of head progeny row plant, plant type, Ye Zi, leaf look, fringe type, grain type, awns look, ripe phase, ripe phase, damage by disease and insect, selection has head progeny row 20-30 of former kind characteristic feature, wherein, the head progeny row that damage by disease and insect occurs is not selected, compared obviously differently from former kind, the head progeny row that Comprehensive Traits is good or individual plant are selected;
To be selected in head progeny row by kind serial number, single file harvesting, the airing of single bundle, threshing separately, packs seed mesh bag into air-dry to moisture below 14.5%;
(5) indoor species test, quality restriction, final election single file:
The data of choosing the former kind of breeding are contrast, head progeny row that field is selected is indoor carries out species test, species test factor is a type, awns look, thousand kernel weight, each head progeny row is got 200 and is carried out a meter matter analysis, statistics brown rice rate, chalk rice rate, green rice-grain rate, irregular rice rate, indoor species test and the data of rice matter assay and former kind are compared, final election have the head progeny row 15-25 of former kind characteristic feature individual as next year fringe be garden material;
S3: fringe is that garden produces
By the head progeny row selected last year, by the simple grain seedling in seedling dish respectively of each head progeny row, 180 whole dishes of each head progeny row, the seedling dish that bracing wire fixed point is transplanted each head progeny row becomes Yi Ge community, is called fringe system, line-spacing 25cm, pier, apart from 13cm, generally takes up an area 667m
2;
Growing period carries out fringe system relatively, eliminates atypical fringe of growing to be, the selected rear mixing of good fringe system's results threshing is breeder's stock, and the selected fringe of general each kind is 10-20, determines by original seed next year field area;
Described growth is not true to type and takes single fringe selection traits, species test proterties and the field head progeny row selection traits selection mode of above-mentioned steps S1 and S2 to select;
S4: original seed farm is produced
The breeder's stock that step S3 is obtained carries out mechanical planting, establishes isolation strip more than 20m between kind, and flower arrangement plantation is forbidden in an a kind of garden;
Management before results: hybrid strain, variant and weeds will be pulled out in time, before results, through technical staff, according to breeding the purity of typical Characters Identification original seed farm of kind and damage by disease and insect, a situation arises, destroy in the seed-breeding field that quarantine object occurs, and seed purity is reached more than 99.99%;
After threshing, carry out seed inspection during manufacture, make seed moisture content≤14.5%, germination rate >=85%, cleanliness >=98.0%, the seed being up to the standards enters original seed storehouse to be preserved, and obtains paddy rice original seed.
2. the method for a kind of seedling-cultivation plate breeding paddy rice original seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The selection mode with former kind characteristic feature is as follows:
Described plant height is selected: the maturing stage is measured the Gao Sui in every cave, compared with former kind, differs and is no more than 3cm, and the length of described Gao Sui is the length on the top from basal part of stem to fringe, and this length is containing awns;
Described plant type is selected: the range estimation of the Sheng of tillering phase, and tight bundle, moderate or loose, selects respectively the plant type identical with former kind;
Described leaf appearance is selected: the range estimation of the Sheng of tillering phase, and straight and upright, medium or hang down loosely, select respectively the leaf appearance identical with former kind;
Described leaf look is selected: the range estimation of the Sheng of tillering phase, and dark green, green or pale green, selects respectively the leaf look identical with former kind;
Described fringe type is selected: maturing stage range estimation, and straight fringe type, half straight fringe type or loose panicle type, select respectively the fringe type identical with former kind;
Described grain type is selected: elongated shape, ellipse, half spindle or circle, select respectively the grain type identical with former kind;
Select described breeding time: select fringe phase beginning, full heading time and maturing stage and former kind to differ the single fringe that is no more than 2 days;
Described ripening rate is selected: difference≤3% of selecting ripening rate and former kind;
Described seed holding is selected: the maturing stage is twisted with the fingers spike of rice with have gentle hands, depending on threshing complexity divide difficulty, in, easy 3 grades, select respectively the seed holding identical with former kind;
Described awns look is selected: full heading time range estimation: light yellow, rufous, purple, select respectively the awns look identical with former kind;
The described selection of tillering: the Sheng of the tillering phase is selected to differ with the average maximum tiller number of former kind the head progeny row that is no more than 3;
Select described breeding time: select fringe phase beginning, full heading time and maturing stage and former kind to differ the single fringe that is no more than 2 days;
Described ripely select mutually: maturing stage range estimation, good, in, poor, the selection ripe phase identical with former kind respectively;
Described thousand kernel weight is selected: thousand kernel weight is no more than 1g with contrasting to differ;
Described brown rice rate, chalk rice rate, green rice-grain rate, the assay assay of irregular rice rate and the initial data of check variety are compared, and differ and are no more than 2%.
3. the method for a kind of seedling-cultivation plate breeding paddy rice original seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in step S2 (2), the thickness of thin layer Nutrition Soil is 0.5-1cm.
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| CN105830795A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-10 | 苏州玄禾物联网科技有限公司 | Automatic classification method of greenhouse plantlings |
| CN107027462A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-11 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | A kind of method of three-field system purification breeding tobacco original seed |
| CN108739160A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A method of it reducing environmental factor and rice selection and breeding is interfered |
| CN114027178A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-02-11 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Simple and efficient tomato material breeding method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105830795A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-10 | 苏州玄禾物联网科技有限公司 | Automatic classification method of greenhouse plantlings |
| CN107027462A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-11 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | A kind of method of three-field system purification breeding tobacco original seed |
| CN108739160A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A method of it reducing environmental factor and rice selection and breeding is interfered |
| CN114027178A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-02-11 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Simple and efficient tomato material breeding method |
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Denomination of invention: A method for breeding rice three nursery original seeds by raising seedlings in seedling tray Effective date of registration: 20211228 Granted publication date: 20160120 Pledgee: Tancheng TANFENG Planting Farmers' Professional Cooperative Pledgor: TANCHENG SEED CO. Registration number: Y2021980016538 |